2023-2024学年河南省郑州市中原区名校联考高二（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）

2023-2024学年河南省郑州市中原区名校联考高二（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）阅读理解（共两节，满分50.0分）1．（7.5分）TheAdmissiontoUniversityofFloridaThegeneralrequirementsbelowapplytoundergraduateadmissiontoanycollegeordivisionoftheuniversity.Pleaseunderstandtheadmissiontotheuniversityisselective.Onlyminimumrequirementsforadmissionareprovided；satisfactionoftheseminimumsdoesnotguaranteeadmission.●OnlineapplicationforadmissionreceivedbytheOfficeofAdmissionsbythedeadline.●Asatisfactoryacademicrecord.Applicantsmustprovideacompleterecordofschoolswhichtheyattended.Failuretodeclareattendanceatanotherschoolcouldinvalidate（使无效）anofferofadmissionandanycreditordegreeearned.●Satisfactoryscoresonachievementornaturalabilitytests；theSAT，ACTorTOEFL.●Applicantsmustidentifyapreferredtermofenrollment（注册）ontheirapplication.Theapplicationmaybeconsideredandtheadmissionmaybeofferedtotermsotherthanthepreferredtermspecifiedontheapplication.ApplicantswhowishtochangetheirtermofentryshouldcontacttheOfficeofAdmissionsimmediately.●Accesstoandongoinguseofacomputerisrequiredofallstudents.Theuniversityexpectsnewstudentsandcontinuingstudentstoacquirecomputerhardwareandsoftwareappropriatetothedegreeprogram.●NoticeofAdmissionWhenanapplicationforadmissionisapproved，theuniversitywillsendanoticeofadmissionforaspecificterm.Ifthestudentisunabletoenrollforthetermindicatedorwishestobeconsideredforentrancetoadifferentterm，theOfficeofAdmissionsshouldbeinformedimmediately.（1）Whathavetobeincludedintheapplication？A.Theapplicants'educationexperiences.B.ThecommentsonUniversityofFlorida.C.Thepreparationsfornaturalabilitytests.D.Theminimumrequirementsforadmission.（2）Whatcantheapplicantsdowhenapplyingfortheadmission？A.Returntheircomputers.B.Changethetermofenrollment.C.Guaranteethesatisfaction.D.Designanoticeofadmission.（3）Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanyoureadthetext？A.Technology.B.Geography.C.Education.D.Entertainment.2．（10分）Onesummerday，asIwasheadingtotheteachingbuilding，Iheardsomeonecallmyname.IturnedaroundandsawPhilip，acounseloratourcollege，standingwithanotheryoungman.Philipintroducedmetohim，Stephen，andremindedmethatStephenwouldbetakingoneofmyclasses.Stephenlookedatme.Withasomewhatpainfulexpression，heaskedifmyclasswasgoingtobehardandifhewouldbeabletopass.Iintroducedallthethingsthathewouldbeexpectedtolearn.Aswetalked，IsawStephen'seyesgettingbigwithfear.Itoldhimtodoallofhisassignments，andtohandtheminontime.Ratherthanbeingoverwhelmed（压倒）byallofthework，Itoldhimthemostsuccessfulstudentsmadeamastercalendarofalltheassignmentssotheycouldplantheirworkload.Asthefallsemesterwenton，IlearnedmoreofStephen'sstory.Ithadtakenhimlongertofinishtheassignmentsthanmostyoungpeople.Familymembers，includinghismother，keptremindinghimthathewasafailure.Buthekeptatitanddidn'ttakethemtoheart.Hetoldmethatbeforecomingtoourcollege，noonebelievedhecouldmanageit.Stephendidn'tbecomeanAstudent.However，hemanagedtopassmostofhiscoursesbybeinginclasseveryday，turninginallofhisassignmentsontimeandbreakingdownhisstudyingintobite﹣sizedparts.Bypassingcourseaftercourse，hebegantogainameasureofself﹣confidence.Onhisgraduationday，hewalkeduptome，andsaid，"Thankyou."（1）AccordingtoStephen'squestionstotheauthor，whatdoweknowaboutStephen？A．HehadneverbeenanAstudent.B．Hedidn'twanttoattendtheauthor'sclass.C．Hewasn'tveryconfidentabouthimself.D．Hecouldn'tpasstheauthor'sexam.（2）Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthoraccordingtothepassage？A．HehelpedStephengetanAinhisclass.B．HetoldStephenhowtodealwithhisstudies.C．Hedidn'tbelievethatStephencouldstudyincollege.D．Hewouldn'thavemetStephenwithouttheintroductionofPhilip.（3）WhatdoesthepassagemainlytellusaboutStephen？A．Hewasanaveragestudentbuthard﹣working.B．Hewasalittlestupidanddidn'tdowellatschool.C．Hewasfarfromatopstudentbecauseofhisfailure.D．Hewasanexcellentstudent，butdidn'thaveself﹣confidence.（4）Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthepassage？A．Onebiteatatime.B．Lookbeforeyouleap.C．Hastemakeswaste.D．Agoodbeginningishalfdone.3．（10分）Notlongago，peoplecouldonlybuyorganicfoodinsmallshops.Todayitiscommoninmostmajorsupermarkets.Thereasonfortheincreaseisthatmoreandmorepeoplearedemandingfoodgrownwithoutchemicals.Sincethe1990s，organicfarmproductionhasgoneup20percenteveryyear.Thispatternisexpectedtocontinuearoundtheglobe.Australialeadstheworldinlandusedfororganicagriculture.IthasfourtimesasmuchlanddevotedtoorganicfarmingasallofAsia.However，mostofthelandisnotveryfertile，anditonlyproducesamodestamountoffood.Argentinaisadistantsecond，followedbyBrazil，theUnitedStatesandChina.InAfrica，onlyaverysmallamountoflandisregisteredfororganicfarming.ThatdoesnotmeanAfricareliesonchemicals.Infact，manyfarmersdonotusechemicalsbecausetheycannotaffordthem.Yettherearenoprogramsforthesefarmerstoprovetheydonotusechemicals.Withouttheseprogramstheirfoodcanneverbeapprovedorganic.Indiahashadthemostdramaticrecentincreaseinorganicfarming.Likemanyothercountries，Indiaseescontinualgrowthinorganicfoodsalesaroundtheworld.This，ofcourse，leadstogrowthinprofits.Salesoforganicfoodweremorethandoubledfrom2000to2005.LikeIndia，manycountriesaretryingtoincreasecommercialorganicfarmingtogetashareofthesales.Thishasledtocriticism.Somepeoplebelievethatorganicfarmingshouldnotjustbeaboutmakingmoney.Theythinkthegoalistohelptheenvironment.Otherssayorganicfarmingwillnotcontinueifitisnotprofitable.Theysaythatpeopleshouldbeabletomakemoneywhileprovidingfoodthatishealthytomankind.（1）Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？A.Countriesallwanttomakemoneyfromorganicfarming.B.Organicfoodhasbecomemuchmorecommon.C.Peopledonotwanttoeatfoodwithchemicalsinit.D.Farmingorganicallyisgrowingaroundtheworld.（2）Whydopeoplewanttoincreaseorganicfarming？A.OrganicfoodisgoodfortheEarthandthehumanbeings.B.Moreandmorepeopledemandchemicalstogrowfood.C.Profitsfromorganicfarminghelpmakeapprovalprograms.D.Therearefewerchemicalsavailabletothehumanbeings.（3）Fromthepassage，itcanbesaidthat.A.ChinaandIndiahavethesameamountoforganicfarmlandB.IndiausestheleastlandtofarmorganicallyC.theUSisthefourthlargestorganicfarmingcountryD.BraziluseslesslandtofarmorganicallythanChina（4）Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.therewillbefewerorganicfarmsifdemandfororganicfoodgoesdownB.peoplewhoeatfoodwithchemicalshaveshorterlifespanC.IndiawillsoonbecomethelargestgroweroforganicfoodD.morecountrieswillfarmorganicallyastheenvironmentgetsworse4．（10分）Imagineateamofhumansandrobotsworkingtogethertoprocessonlineorders.Real﹣lifeworkersstrategicallypositionedamongtheirautomatedcoworkerswhoaremovingintelligentlybackandforthinawarehouse（仓库）space，pickingitemsforshippingtothecustomer.ThiscouldbecomearealitysoonerorlaterthankstoresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri，whoareworkingtospeeduptheonlinedeliveryprocessbydevelopingasoftwaremodeldesignedtomaketransportrobotssmarter."Therobotictechnologyalreadyexists，"saidSharanSrinivas，whospecializesindataanalyticsandoperationsresearch."Ourgoalistobestapplythistechnologythroughefficientplanning.Todothis，we'reaskingquestionslike'givenalistofitemstopick，howdoyouoptimize（优化）therouteplanforthehumanpickersandrobots？'or'howmanyitemsshouldarobotpickinagiventour？'Likewise，wehaveasimilarsetofquestionsforthehumanworker.Themostchallengingpartisoptimizingthecollaborationplanbetweenthehumanpickersandrobots."：Currently，alotofhumaneffortandlaborcostsareinvolvedwithfulfillingonlineorders.Tohelpoptimizethisprocess，roboticcompanieshavealreadydevelopedcooperativerobots，alsoknownascobotsorautonomousmobilerobots（AMRs），toworkinawarehouseordistributioncenter.AMRsareequippedwithsensorsandcamerastohelpthemnavigate（确定方向）aroundacontrolledspacelikeawarehouse.Srinivassaid，"Therobotisintelligent，soifit'sinstructedtogotoaparticularlocation，itcannavigatethewarehouseandnothitanyworkersorotherobstaclesalongtheway.AMRsarenotdesignedtoreplacehumanworkers，butinsteadcanworkcooperativelyalongsidethemtohelpincreasetheefficiencyoftheorderfulfillmentprocess.""Theonedrawbackisthattheserobotsdonothavegoodgraspingabilities，"saidSrinivas."Buthumansaregoodatgraspingitems，sowearetryingtobalancethestrengthofbothresources."（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"collaboration"inparagraph3mean？A．Technology.B．Similarity.C．Exploration.D．Cooperation.（2）WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsequippedonAMRs？A．Tolookcool.B．Tosensewarnings.C．TodirectAMRs'way.D．Tofindhumanworkers.（3）WhatareAMRsbadat？A．Jumping.B．Climbing.C．Walking.D．Holding.（4）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A．TheSimpleUseofRobotsB．WarehouseWorkersandRobotsC．MakingTransportRobotsSmarterD．TransportRobotsInventedbySharan5．（12.5分）Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit.（1）Yetlanguageisnottheonlywaytoexpressourideasandfeelings.Bodymovement，eyecontact，gesture，andfacialexpressionareotherformsoflanguagewecallnonverbalcommunication.（2）AccordingtoSocialAnthropologist，EdwardT.Hall，inanormalconversationbetweentwopersons，lessthan15%ofsocialmeaningistransmitted（传达）bywords.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofusingnonverbalcommunicationandpeoplehavedifferentgesturestoconveytheirexpressions.However，nonverbalcommunication，liketraffic，isnotrandom（随意的）；ithasapurpose.（3）Learningthedifferentcommonrulesofbodylanguageindifferentculturesisveryusefulforustounderstandeachotherbetter.Peoplecomingfromthesameculturesharecommonunderstandingbyusingthesamebodylanguagesuchaseyemanagement，facialexpressions，gestures，andbodymovements.（4）Forexample，"arms"，whichareusedlittlebyNordicsduringaconversation，areanimportantelementinone'scommunicativeweaponry（武器）inItaly，Spain，andSouthAmerica.（5）Inthesecultures，oneshouldstandwithfeetpressedtogetherandhandsinterlaced（交错）infrontofthebody.InculturessuchasAmerica，whereyouoftenstandwithyourfeetshoulderlengthapart，armsatyourside，standinginthisfashionmightbeinterpretedasbeingshyandinsecure.A．Misuseofbodylanguagecanbeunpleasant.B．Andtherearecommonrulestoguideitsflow.C．Withoutlanguage，culturewouldnotbepossible.D．Bodylanguagemakesupthelargestpartofournonverbalcommunication.E．Butindifferentculturesnonverbalcommunicationtakesondifferentpatterns.F．Ifyou'relearninganewlanguage，agreatwayistowatchmoviesandTVshows.G．InAfrica，standinginatoo"open"fashion，meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）6．（15分）Areallinventorsscientists？No.Anyonecanmakeaninventionifheorshehasideasandis（1）totryagainandagainuntiltheinventionworks.That'sjust（2）happenedtoJamesMurraySpanglerin1907.Spanglerwasacleaneratadepartmentstore.Hestartedtoworkeverynightafterthe（3）.Helikedhisjob，butitwasalotofworktocleanallthatspace.Hewas（4）.Hewishedthatherewasabetterwaytocleanthestore'sfloor.Eachnightasheworked，he（5）abouttheproblem.Whatkindofmachinecouldhemake？Afterawhile，some（6）formedinhishead.Hefittedanoldbox，atape，apillowcase，anelectricfan，abroomhandandapaintrollertogether.Hetrieditathome.It（7）!Atlast，hedecidedtotakehis（8）tothestore.ApoliceofficerwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenhesawSpanglerusinghisinventionthroughthewindow.TheofficerwenttotelltheownerthatSpanglerwasdoingsomethingwitha（n）（9）machinethatmadealotofnoise.HethoughtSpanglerhadlosthis（10）.Theownerrushedtothestore.HetoldSpanglerthathewas（11）formessingaroundinsteadofdoinghisjob.Spanglertoldhimthathewasdoinghisjob（12）thaneverbefore.Heaskedtheshopownertolethim（13）howhismachineworked.（14），themanagreed.HewasshockedwhenSpanglermovedhismachineoverdirtandgumwrappers.Theydisappeared!Spanglerhadjustbuiltthefirstvacuumcleaner.Thenextyearhe（15）hisinventiontoafirmnamedHoover.Beforelongvacuumcleanerswereascommonasstovesinhomes.（1）A.hesitantB.determinedC.likelyD.scared（2）A.whichB.howC.whatD.that（3）A.closingB.openingC.managingD.buying（4）A.excitedB.frightenedC.worriedD.tired（5）A.thoughtB.arguedC.talkedD.brought（6）A.itemsB.ideasC.argumentsD.problems（7）A.workedB.changedC.stoppedD.arrived（8）A.boxB.fanC.rollerD.machine（9）A.oldB.strangeC.hugeD.special（10）A.mindB.timeC.lifeD.job（11）A.foundB.hiredC.firedD.blamed（12）A.betterB.worseC.busierD.slower（13）A.makeB.sayC.introduceD.show（14）A.AngryB.CuriousC.FrightenedD.Pleased（15）A.broughtB.tookC.soldD.gave7．（15分）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。TheGreatWall，runningformorethan20，000kilometers，isahistoricallandmarkwithworldwidefame，but（1）（climb）itishard.Everyonemayhavesomeknowledgeofitmoreorless，whileonlyahandfulmayhavetheskillto（2）（physical）participateinitsrestoration（修复）.However，aWeChatminiprogram，GreatWallE﹣tour，isallowingeveryenthusiasttobeaheroinavirtualworld，in（3）onenotjustvisitstheGreatWall，butalsoprotectsit.Sofartheprogram（4）（attract）considerableattentionandgotalargefanbase.Around50，000highdefinitionpicturesoftheXipanjiakousiteoftheGreatWallareusedtoofferusersa（5）（remark）experience.LiuYuzhu，headoftheChinaFoundationforCulturalHeritageConservation，says"Wemadedocumentariesandpublishedanimatedbooksinthepast.Thesearepopular，buttheGreatWallis（6）complexstructureanddeservesmoreattention.Sowetriedsomethingnew."Liualsoadds，"Aseriesof（7）（program）likeourshavebeenlaunchedinChina，withacombination（8）publiceducationandrestorationofrelicsthroughdigitization."TheGreatWall（9）（list）asaUNESCOWorldCulturalHeritagesitein1987，thefirstof（10）（it）kindinChina.AsaChinese，Ifeelextremelyproud.书面表达（共两节，满分40分）8．（15分）假定你是李华，你市将举办一场中国书法作品展。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Jim参加。内容包括：（1）提出邀请；（2）展出简介；（3）期待回复。注意：（1）词数100左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：书法calligraphy；书法家calligrapherDearJim，How'sitgoing？___________Yours，LiHua9．（25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Holidaysarenotnecessarilyforfunorrest.Doingsomethingmeaningfulcanalsogainspecialpleasure.Whenthefinalbellrang，thestudentswereremindedthattherewasnoschoolonMonday﹣theLaborDay."Enjoyyourextradayoff，"saidtheteachertoherclass.AnextradayoffunsuitedKaylajustfine.Shelovedbreaks.Shewantedtogoouttoplaywithherfriends.WhentheschoolbusdroppedKaylaoff，sheranintothehousehappily."Howwasschool，Kayla？"askedhermom.Kayla'smomwithalaugh.Kaylasleptinthenextmorning.Saturdaywasherfavoritedayoftheweek.Itrainsmostoftheday，soKaylaenjoyedplayingvideogamesinside.OnSunday，herfriendscameoverandtheyplayedbasketballofseveralhours.ThenitwasLaborDay，youknow，theextradayoffthatKaylawassolookingforwardto.ButKaylawasawakenedearlythatmorningbyherdad.HetoldKaylathatinhonorofLaborDay，thefamilywouldbecleaningbothinsideandoutsidethehouse.Kaylacouldn'tbelieveit.Thiswasaholiday.Adaywhenshewassupposedtobeenjoyingfreshlysqueezedlemonadewhileplayinginhertreehouse.AsKaylawipedhereyesshebegantowonderifthiswasjustabaddream."Kayla，yourbreakfastisready.Wehavealotofworktodotoday.Let'sgetamoveon，"saidKayla'smom.Asshesatdownatthekitchentable，Kaylaaskedherparents."Areyouseriousaboutworkingtoday？Isn'tLaborDayaholiday？""Yes，Kayla.Itis，"repliedherdad."ButyourmomandIthoughtworkinghardtodaywouldmakeyouappreciatewhyLaborDaywasobservedinthefirstplace."Paragraph1：Atfirst，Kaylafeltdisappointedatherparents'planfortheholiday.__________.Paragraph2：Butthingsbegantochangeasshewasdoingthechores.__________.

2023-2024学年河南省郑州市中原区名校联考高二（上）月考英语试卷（9月份）参考答案与试题解析阅读理解（共两节，满分50.0分）1．【分析】这段短文主要介绍了佛罗里达大学的入学要求和申请流程。申请者需要在截止日期前提交在线申请，并提供满意的学术记录。他们还需要在成就或自然能力测试（如SAT、ACT或TOEFL）中取得令人满意的分数。申请者必须在申请中指定首选入学学期，但也可以考虑其他学期的申请。所有学生都需要有计算机，并使用适合学位课程的硬件和软件。当申请被批准时，学校会发送入学通知，如果学生不能在指定学期入学或希望考虑其他学期入学，应立即通知招生办公室。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据Applicantsmustprovideacompleterecordofschoolswhichtheyattended.（申请人必须提供所就读学校的完整记录。）可知申请者必须提供自己的教育经历。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据ApplicantswhowishtochangetheirtermofentryshouldcontacttheOfficeofAdmissionsimmediately.（希望更改入学期限的申请人应立即与招生办公室联系。）可知申请者可以更改入学期限。故选B。（3）文章出处题。通读全文可知这段短文主要介绍了佛罗里达大学的入学要求和申请流程，应属于教育方面的内容。故选C。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。2．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了作者遇到的学生Stephen的故事。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Stephenlookedatme.Withasomewhatpainfulexpression，heaskedifmyclasswasgoingtobehardandifhewouldbeabletopass.（斯蒂芬看着我。他带着一种有点痛苦的表情，问我的课会不会很难，他能不能通过。）可知，斯蒂芬带着有点痛苦的表情问作者是否能够通过考试，由此推断斯蒂芬对自己没有自信。C．Hewasn'tveryconfidentabouthimself.（他对自己不太自信。）符合文意，故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Itoldhimtodoallofhisassignments，andtohandtheminontime.Ratherthanbeingoverwhelmed（压倒）byallofthework，Itoldhimthemostsuccessfulstudentsmadeamastercalendarofalltheassignmentssotheycouldplantheirworkload.（我告诉他要完成所有的作业，并按时交上来。我告诉他，最成功的学生没有被所有的作业压垮，而是把所有的作业都做了一个主要学业的日历，这样他们就可以计划自己的工作量。）可知，作者告诉斯蒂芬如何处理他的学业，即完成所有的作业，并按时上交，不要被作业所压垮，而是要制定主要的学业日历。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Stephendidn'tbecomeanAstudent.However，hemanagedtopassmostofhiscoursesbybeinginclasseveryday，turninginallofhisassignmentsontimeandbreakingdownhisstudyingintobite﹣sizedparts.（斯蒂芬没有成为优等生。然而，他每天都按时上课，按时交作业，把学习分成小块，通过了大部分的课程。）以及Bypassingcourseaftercourse，hebegantogainameasureofself﹣confidence.（通过一门又一门的考试，他开始有了一定的自信。）可知，虽然斯蒂芬没有成为优等生，但是他按照作者的建议，按时完成自己的课业任务和作业，最后成功毕业，由此推断斯蒂芬是个普通的学生，但很用功。故选A。（4）推理判断题。根据文章内容，讲述的是Stephen对自己的学业不太自信，担心课程会很难以及自己能否通过。作者告诉他要按时完成作业，并建议他制作一个学习计划表。尽管Stephen不是顶尖学生，但通过每天上课、按时提交作业和将学习任务分解为小部分，他终于通过了大部分课程，逐渐建立起自信心。最后成功地完成了学业。可知，Stephen成功的经验，一是学习刻苦，二是分解困难，各个击破。A.Onebiteatatime.（饭要一口一口吃，路要一步一步走。）符合文意，故选A。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。3．【分析】本文介绍有机食品。有机食品有益于地球和人类，所以人们想增加有机耕作，目前世界各地都在提倡有机种植。【解答】（1）D.主旨大意题。根据第一段最后两句Sincethe1990s，organicfarmproductionhasgoneup20percenteveryyear.Thispatternisexpectedtocontinuearoundtheglobe.自20世纪90年代以来，有机农场产量每年增长20%。这种模式预计将在全球范围内继续下去。可知，世界各地有机农业生产在持续增长。纵观全文，这也是本文主题，故选D。（2）A.推理判断题。根据第一段中Notlongago，peoplecouldonlybuyorganicfoodinsmallshops.Todayitiscommoninmostmajorsupermarkets.Thereasonfortheincreaseisthatmoreandmorepeoplearedemandingfoodgrownwithoutchemicals.不久前，人们只能在小商店里购买有机食品。如今，它在大多数大型超市都很常见。增长的原因是越来越多的人要求不含化学物质的食物。可知，有机食品有益于地球和人类，人们现在对没有化学品的有机食品需求持续增加，所以人们想增加有机种植。故选A。（3）C.推理判断题。根据第二段中Australialeadstheworldinlandusedfororganicagriculture.Argentinaisadistantsecond，followedbyBrazil，theUnitedStatesandChina.澳大利亚在用于有机农业的土地方面处于世界领先地位。阿根廷排在第二位，其次是巴西、美国和中国。可知，美国是第四大有机农业国家。故选C。（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段中LikeIndia，manycountriesaretryingtoincreasecommercialorganicfarmingtogetashareofthesales.Thishasledtocriticism.（像印度一样，许多国家都在努力增加商业有机农业以获得销售份额。）可推知，如果有机食品需求下降，有机农场就会减少。故选A。【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析。4．【分析】这篇文章讨论了人类和机器人合作处理在线订单的可能性。密苏里大学的研究人员正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更加智能，以加快在线交付过程。目前，完成在线订单需要大量的人力和劳动成本。为了优化这个过程，机器人公司已经开发出了合作机器人，也被称为自主移动机器人，它们配备有传感器和摄像头，可以在仓库或分发中心工作。然而，这些机器人的抓取能力不强，因此研究人员正在试图平衡人力和机器人的优势。【解答】（1）词句猜测题。根据第四段Tohelpoptimizethisprocess，roboticcompanieshavealreadydevelopedcooperativerobots，alsoknownascobotsorautonomousmobilerobots（AMRs），toworkinawarehouseordistributioncenter.（为了帮助优化这一过程，机器人公司已经开发了协作机器人，也被称为协作机器人或自主移动机器人（amr），在仓库或配送中心工作）可知，机器人公司为了优化这一过程，开发了协作机器人，而这一过程就是划线单词所在句子所提到的问题，所以可推测collaboration应该是合作之意和D项Cooperation意思相近。A．Technology.科技；B．Similarity.相似性；C．Exploration.探索；D．Cooperation.合作。故选D项。（2）细节理解题。根据第四段AMRsareequippedwithsensorsandcamerastohelpthemnavigate（确定方向）aroundacontrolledspacelikeawarehouse.（AMR配备了传感器和摄像头，以帮助它们在像仓库这样的受控空间内导航）可知，AMRs上配备的传感器的功能是指引方向。故选C项。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Theonedrawbackisthattheserobotsdonothavegoodgraspingabilities，"saidSrinivas."Buthumansaregoodatgraspingitems，sowearetryingtobalancethestrengthofbothresources.（"一个缺点是这些机器人没有很好的抓取能力，"斯里尼瓦斯说。"但人类擅长抓东西，所以我们正试图平衡这两种资源的优势。"）可知，AMRs的缺点是没有很好的抓取能力。故选D项。（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Imagineateamofhumansandrobotsworkingtogethertoprocessonlineorders.Real﹣lifeworkersstrategicallypositionedamongtheirautomatedcoworkerswhoaremovingintelligentlybackandforthinawarehouse（仓库）space，pickingitemsforshippingtothecustomer.（想象一下，一个由人类和机器人组成的团队共同处理在线订单。真实的员工策略性地定位于他们的自动化同事之间，这些自动化同事在仓库空间中智能地来回移动，挑选物品运送给客户）以及第二段ThiscouldbecomearealitysoonerorlaterthankstoresearchersattheUniversityofMissouri，whoareworkingtospeeduptheonlinedeliveryprocessbydevelopingasoftwaremodeldesignedtomaketransportrobotssmarter.（这迟早会成为现实，这要感谢密苏里大学的研究人员，他们正在开发一种软件模型，旨在使运输机器人更智能，从而加快在线运输过程）可知，本文主要介绍了使运输机器人更加的智能，所以C项"MakingTransportRobotsSmarter（让运输机器人更智能）"是本文最好的标题。A．TheSimpleUseofRobots机器人的简单使用；B．WarehouseWorkersandRobots仓库工人和机器人；C．MakingTransportRobotsSmarter让运输机器人更智能；D．TransportRobotsInventedbySharan沙朗发明的运输机器人。故选C项。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。5．【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了肢体语言可以帮助人们传递信息，但是同一种姿势可能会因文化不同而产生不同的含义。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据上文Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit.（语言是文化的一部分，在文化中起着非常重要的作用。）可知，上文主要说明了语言的重要性，C项与上文中的"Languageisapartofcultureandplaysaveryimportantroleinit."为顺承关系，指出了语言在文化中的重要性。C项中的language、culture与上文中的Language、culture为原词复现关系。C选项"Withoutlanguage，culturewouldnotbepossible.没有语言，就不可能有文化。"符合语境，故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据上文Bodymovement，eyecontact，gesture，andfacialexpressionareotherformsoflanguagewecallnonverbalcommunication.（身体动作、眼神交流、手势和面部表情是我们称之为非语言交流的其他形式的语言。）以及后文AccordingtoSocialAnthropologist，EdwardT.Hall，inanormalconversationbetweentwopersons，lessthan15%ofsocialmeaningistransmitted（传达）bywords.（根据社会人类学家爱德华t霍尔的说法，在两人之间的正常对话中，只有不到15%的社会意义是通过语言传递的。）可知，本句对上文进行了进一步的解释说明，D项中的"nonverbalcommunication"与上文中的"nonverbalcommunication"为原词复现关系。此外，下文中引用的EdwardTHall的发现是对D项的进一步解释。D选项"Bodylanguagemakesupthelargestpartofournonverbalcommunication.肢体语言在我们的非语言交流中占了很大一部分。"符合语境，故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据上文Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofusingnonverbalcommunicationandpeoplehavedifferentgesturestoconveytheirexpressions.However，nonverbalcommunication，liketraffic，isnotrandom（随意的）；ithasapurpose.（不同的文化有不同的使用非语言交流的方式，人们有不同的手势来表达他们的表情。然而，非语言交流，就像交通一样，不是随机的；它是有目的的。）可知，上文主要提到了非语言交流的方式是有目的的，故本句继续提到非语言交流背后的规则，B项中的"therearecommonrulestoguideitsflow"与上文中的"isnotrandom"相照应；its指代上文中的"nonverbalcommunication"。B选项"Andtherearecommonrulestoguideitsflow.有一些共同的规则来引导它的流动。"符合语境，故选B。（4）细节理解题。根据下文Forexample，"arms"，whichareusedlittlebyNordicsduringaconversation，areanimportantelementinone'scommunicativeweaponry（武器）inItaly，Spain，andSouthAmerica.（例如，arms一词在北欧人的谈话中很少使用，但在意大利、西班牙和南美，它是交际武器的重要组成部分。）指出了同一个词语在不同文化中有不同的含义，可知，本句与上文为转折关系，指出非语言交际有不同的模式。E选项"Butindifferentculturesnonverbalcommunicationtakesondifferentpatterns.但是在不同的文化中，非语言交际有不同的模式。"符合语境，故选E。（5）细节理解题。根据后文Inthesecultures，oneshouldstandwithfeetpressedtogetherandhandsinterlaced（交错）infrontofthebody.InculturessuchasAmerica，whereyouoftenstandwithyourfeetshoulderlengthapart，armsatyourside，standinginthisfashionmightbeinterpretedasbeingshyandinsecure.（在这些文化中，一个人应该站在前面，两脚并拢，双手交叉。在像美国这样的文化中，你经常双脚分开站着，手臂放在身体两侧，这样站着可能会被理解为害羞和没有安全感。）可知，本句与下文为顺承关系，指出非洲文化中应使用的正确站姿。G项中的standing与下文中的stand及standing为原词复现关系。G选项"InAfrica，standinginatoo"open"fashion，meansthatyourposturemightbeinappropriate.在非洲，站得太'开放'意味着你的姿势可能不合适。"符合语境，故选G。【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）6．【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了詹姆斯•穆雷•斯潘格勒在1907年发明了第一台吸尘器的故事。【解答】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.hesitant犹豫的；B.determined决心的；C.likely可能的；D.scared害怕的。句意：任何人都可以做出发明，只要他或她有想法，并决心一次又一次地尝试，直到发明成功。根据前文"tryagainandagain"可知，只要他或她有想法，并决心一次又一次地尝试，任何人都可以做出发明。故选B。（2）考查表语从句引导词及语境理解。A.which哪一个；B.how如何；C.what什么；D.that那个。句意：这就是1907年发生在詹姆斯•默里•斯潘格勒身上的事情。根据"happened"可知，设空处引导的是表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，意为"发生的什么"。故选C。（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.closing关闭；B.opening开放；C.managing管理；D.buying购买。句意：每晚打烊后他就开始工作。根据前文"Hestartedtoworkeverynight"可知，夜间，在商店打烊后他开始工作。故选A。（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.excited兴奋的；B.frightened害怕的；C.worried担心的；D.tired疲倦的。句意：他累了。根据前文"itwasalotofworktocleanallthatspace."可知，清理所有的空间是很费功夫的，所以他很疲劳。故选D。（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.thought思考；B.argued争论；C.talked谈话；D.brought带来。句意：每天晚上工作时，他都会思考这个问题。根据后文"Whatkindofmachinecouldhemake？"可知，他每天都在思考——到底应该制造什么样的机器解决该问题。故选A。（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.items物品；B.ideas想法C.arguments争论；D.problems问题。句意：过了一会儿，他脑子里形成了一些想法。根据下文"inhishead"可知，在他的脑子里形成了一些想法。故选B。（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.worked奏效；B.changed改变；C.stopped停止；D.arrived到达。句意：它奏效了。根据前文"Hetrieditathome."以及"Atlast，hedecidedtotakehis（8）tothestore."可知，在经过尝试之后，他发明的设备奏效了，于是他把这个机器