期中复习（讲义）-译林版英语六年级下册

六年级下册期中复习考点一：音标字母组合or的发音解析：字母组合or在单词中一般发/ɔ:/发音方式：这是个长元音，发音时双唇收圆，后舌抬高，牙床半开，肌肉稍紧。例如：morningshortsmoreorderbefore字母组合or在重读音节中，都发/ɔ:/拓展：在w后发/ɜ:/，如：work,homework,world,word在非重读音节中发/ə/,如：doctor,actor[典例精讲]选出下列单词中画线部分发音与其他两项不同的一项。(ortB.horse C.world(ortyB.short C.doctor(ortB.sport C.word()4.A.orderB.work C.horse字母组合ou的发音/u:/后有psoup group/əʊ/后有lsoul shoulder/aʊ/通常loud shout/ʌ/后有ghenoughtough特殊：cough/ɔ:/后有ghtbought thought[典例精讲]选出下列单词中画线部分发音与其他两项不同的一项。(ouseB.ground C.should(ouldB.about C.loudly(outhB.touch C.mouse(ousinB.young C.cough考点二：语法语法1：副词副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。1.副词的分类。小学阶段已学的副词大体上可以分为：a.时间副词:today,yesterday,now,ago,finally等;b.地点副词:here,there,home,outside等;c.方式副词:fast,hard,loudly,sadly,well等;d.程度副词:much,very,so,too等;e.频度副词:always,usually,often,sometimes,never等;f.疑问副词:when,where,how,why等。2.副词的用法★★★a.副词大多数都放在所修饰的动词后或句末。例句:Thetwomenmetforthefirsttime.Theyshookhandspolitely.这两个男人第一次见面，客气地握了手。b.时间副词、地点副词一般位于句末。例句:Thechildrenwenttothenatureparkyesterday.孩子们昨天去了自然公园。IcalledLisa,butshewasout.我打给丽莎,但是她出去了(不在家)。c.频度副词一般位于be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，实义动词之前。例句:Heisoftenlateforschool.他经常上学迟到。We’llneverforgetthebeautyofthatlake.我们永远不会忘记那个湖上的美景。3.形容词变副词的规则★★★★a.一般情况下,直接在形容词词尾加ly,如:sad—sadly,quiet—quietly,beautiful—beautifully;b.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,先将y改为i,再加ly,如:happy—happily,angry—angrily,heavy—heavily;c.特殊单词,如:good—well;d.有些单词既可以作形容词,也可以作副词,如:early—early,late—late,hard—hard,high—high,fast—fast。注意:有些以ly结尾的词不是副词,而是形容词,如:friendly(友好的),lovely(可爱的)。[典例精讲]按要求完成下列各题。1.Thelionatethefoodquickly.(对画线部分提问)________________thelion________thefood?2.Theplayersareexcited.Theyareplayingtabletennis.(合并为一句)Theplayers________________tabletennis________.3.那个婴儿最初哭得很伤心，但最后她又开心了。(根据中文提示完成句子)Thebaby________________atfirst,butatlastshe________________again.4.这块大石头太重了，没人能轻易搬动它。(根据中文提示完成句子)Thebigstoneis________________,andnoonecan________it________.5.请仔细、慢慢地写。不要出错。(根据中文提示完成句子)Pleasewrite________and________.Don'tmakemistakes.语法2：频率副词频率副词的概念频度副词用来表示事情发生的频率，即某事多长时间发生一次。always,usually,often,sometimes和never都属于频度副词。频率副词的频率高低为：always(总是)＞usually(通常)＞often(经常)＞sometimes(有时)＞never(从不)。例句:Thefamilyalwaysdothesamethingatweekends.这一家在周末总是做同样的事情。It'softenrainyhereinspring.这里春天经常下雨。SometimesIthinkhedislikesme.有时我觉得他不喜欢我。Sheneverwenttoschoollatewhenshewasastudent.当她还是学生时，她上学从不迟到。频率副词在句中的位置★★★★1.放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后。Iamusuallyathomeatweekends.我周末通常在家。2.放在实义动词之前。WeoftengotothecinemaonSundays.我们经常在周日去看电影。3.有时为了强调,可放在句首。Sometimesshewatersflowersatweekends.在周末,她有时浇花。[典例精讲]从方框中选择合适的频度副词填空。(可重复使用)sometimesneveroftenalwaysusually1.I________visitmyfriend'shouse.Allhisfamilyknowmewell.2.—How________doyouwatertheflowers?—Onceaweek.3.He________seeshisparents.Heisanorphan(孤儿).4.________shedrinkscoffee.Sometimesshedrinksmilk.5.MissWhite________arrivesattheofficeatseven,but________shearrivesalittlelate.语法3：可数名词与不可数名词名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的词。它有可数名词和不可数名词之分。1.可数名词及其复数形式的变化规则★★★★可数名词指的是可以用数目来计算的名词，可以分为个体的人或事物。可数名词有单复数之分，其数形式的变化规则为：一般情况下,在词尾直接加s,如:dog—dogs,girl—girls;以s,x,ch,sh结尾的,在词尾加es,如:bus—buses,box—boxes,peach—peaches,brush—brushes;以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加es,如:story—stories,party—parties;部分以o结尾的,有生命的名词,在词尾加es,如:mango—mangoes,potato—potatoes,tomato—tomatoes;无生命的名词,在词尾加s,如:piano—pianos,radio—radios。不规则变化,如:child—children,tooth—teeth,man—men，mousemice.2.不可数名词及其使用规则不可数名词指的是不能以数目来计算的名词。不可数名词以物质名词和抽象名词为主,如:物质名词,如：rain,bread,juice,paper,hair等抽象名词，如：work,love,weather等不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能直接与不定冠词a/an连用。如果要表示特指，前面可用定冠词the不可数名词如果要表示一定的数量,可以借助单位量词,如:acupof,twobagsof。[典例精讲]用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Thereareafew________(bus)intheparkinglot.2.Eatingmore________(fish)isgoodforourbrain.3.Putyour________(foot)together.Youshouldbehavewellinpublicplaces.4.Heboughttwo________(box)of________(chocolate)forhiscousin'sgraduation(毕业).5.Thecatishelpful.Itcaughtthree________(mouse)lastnight.6.Thedanceronlyeatsalittle________(rice)everymeal.7.Lookatthose________(child)playingaroundtheswing.8.Pleaseaddsomesalttothe________(tomatosoup)with________(egg)fiveminuteslater.语法4：常见的数量词的用法afew,alittle,some,many,much,alotof,lotsof都可以用来修饰名词,表示量。它们表示的量不同，所修饰的名词也不同。afew几个后接可数名词复数alittle一点后接不可数名词some一些后接可数名词复数/不可数名词many许多后接可数名词复数much很多后接不可数名词alotof/lotsof很多后接可数名词复数/不可数名词☆从量的多少来说:alittle<some<much<alotof/lotsof+不可数名词afew<some<many<alotof/lotsof+可数名词复数☆注意：对可数名词的数量进行提问用howmany，对不可数名词的量进行提问用howmuch。例句:Howmanypiecesofbreadarethereonthetable?桌子上有多少片面包?Howmuchlemonadedoyouwant?你想要多少柠檬汽水?[典例精讲]从方框中选择合适的内容填空。(不可重复使用)alotofmuchalittlemanyafew1.Thefiveyearoldchildcanname________kindsofvegetables.2.Don'tdrinktoo________coffee.Itmayaffectyoursleep.3.She'snewhere,sosheonlyhas________friends.4.Weprepared________meatforthepicnic.That'senough.5.Youcan'thavearainbowwithout________rain.语法5：safe,safely和safety的区别1.safe为形容词，意为“安全的”，常用于系动词后作表语，也可以用于名词前作定语。Thesestrayanimalsarequitesafehere.Thisisasaferoad.2.safely为副词,用来修饰动词(短语),意为“安全地”。Theyswimsafelyintheswimmingpool.3.safety为名词,意为“安全”。Thestudentsaretalkingabouttheroadsafety.[典例精讲]用safe的适当形式填空。1.Howcanyoucrossthestreet?2.Follow.therulesandstay.3.Let’stalkaboutroad.4.Tocrosstheroad,youmustlookatthetrafficlights.语法6：情态动词的用法can\can’t,must\mustn’t(一)[应用]单项选择()1.Youcantheroadatthesecond.A.cross;crossingB.crossing;crossingC.crosses;crossings()2.Wemakeacallwhenwearedrivingacar.A.canB.shouldC.mustn't()3.Everyonefollowtherules.A.mustsB.mustC.mustn't()4.Youcan’tyourrubbishinthestreet.A.throwB.throwingC.tothrow()5.LiuTaomusthishomeworkbeforedinner.A.finishedB.finishC.tofinish(二)[应用]读句子，圈出合适的单词填空。1.—(Can/Must)IwatchTVnow?—No,you(can't/mustn't).2.Ifyou(can't/mustn't)findazebracrossing,you(can/can't)waitonthepavement.3.You(must/mustn't)lookforazebracrossing.4.I(must/mustn't)runquicklyontheroad.5.SuHai(can/must)runveryfast,butshe(can't/mustn't)runinthestreet.6.Iamill.How(can/must).Igetwell?7.It'srainingnow.You(should/mustn't)takeanumbrella.8.—(Must/Can)hefinishtheworknow?—No,heneedn't.考点三：重点知识1.wakesbup叫醒某人(sb是人称代词要用宾格:him,me,you,her,them,it)如wakemeup2.help用法：1)helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事;2)helpsbwithsth在某方面帮助某人e.g.ShehelpsmewithmyEnglish./Shehelpsherparentsdothehousework.3.祈使句句型：1）肯定：动词原形开头e.g.Keepquiet!2）否定：Don’t+动词原形e.g.Pleasedon’teatme./Don’tbelateagain.4.letsbdo(动原)sth让某人做某事=makesbdosth5.begoodat=dowellin+名词/动词ing形式6.cheerforsb为某人欢呼7.excited修饰人，exciting修饰物e.g.Webecame_______andlaughed________whenweheardthenews.(excite)8.reach动词1）够得着；2）到达（直接跟地点=getto+地点）9.动词复数：mouse；tooth10.动词过去式不规则变化：wakesayseeletcatchmakegetbeefindtakehitbite11.形容词副词同行:early、late、fast、high、harde.g.跑步快/慢；做的好/糟糕；起床早/迟12.频率副词always>usually>oftensometimes>never用法：位置放在be动词之后，行为动词之前。13.finish(动词）完成（三单）e.g.他每天早早地完成他的家庭作业开始做某事startdoing开始做某事14.tidy(1)形容词，干净的，整齐的→反义词untidy/messy/dirty;(2)动词，收拾，整理，tidysthup收拾干净15.sleepy形容词,困倦的感到困倦的sleep动词/名词去睡觉16.good(形）→well(副）；bad(形)→badly(副）对......有好处/坏处；擅长有好/坏习惯17.whose谁的→who’s谁是18.gointo...走进→反义词e/getout(from...)出来19.show搭配：向某人展示某物showsbsth.=showsthtosb.带某人参观某地showsbaround20.health健康【名词】healthy健康的【形容词】healthily健康地【副词】有一个健康饮食；保持健康；对我们的健康有好处吃健康的的食物21.sweet糖【名词】；甜的【形容词】22.havesthforbreakfast/lunch/dinner(三餐类介词用for）23.What/howabout+名词/doing24.易混易错用法辨析some/anyafew/alittle;few/littlealotof/lotsof；many/muchtoomany/toomuchsomany/somuch1)名词变复数规律2)单复同形，不规则变化3)appletrees(苹果树，苹果不变复数）；men/womendoctors(男/女医生，男/女也要变复数）名词变复数：toy；story；potato；phototooth；child；life；Chinese25.want用法：1）wantsb/sth2)wanttodosth.=wouldliketodosth.26.need用法：1）needsb/sthWeneedalotofrice.2)need(sb)todosth需要（某人）做某事27.safety安全【名词】safe安全的【形容词】safely安全地【副词】道路安全；保持安全；安全地过马路28.lookout/lookoutfor/lookoutof区别朝窗外看；小心车辆29.geton/getoffthebus的用法当thebus用代词it代替时，用geton/offit30.不定式表目的tokeepsafe2024六年级下册期中重难点强化训练一、选出下列句子中划线部分的音标与其他不同的一项()1.A.wordB.forestC.homeworkD.world()2.A.sharpB.largeC.popularD.hard()3.A.deepB.coffeeC.weekD.keep()4.A.zebraB.agoC.againD.basketball()5.A.pickedB.laughedC.washedD.watered()6.A.healthB.heavyC.meatD.weather()7.A.studentB.minuteC.puterD.reuse()8.A.schoolB.lookC.woodD.good二、单项选择()1.Heusuallyeatsfishandricefordinner.A.afew;lotsofB.alot;alitterC.alittle;alotof()2.Wemustcarsandbikesontheroad.A.lookofB.lookoutofC.lookoutfor()3.Don’t.He’stired..A.wakeherupB.wakehimupC.wakeuphe()4.Therearenotanyinthefridge.A.potatosB.potatoesC.potato()5.“Yes,please.”theboy.A.said;happilyB.says;carefulC.saying;fast()6.Mymothercooks.Hercakeslook.A.well;goodB.good;wellC.well;well()7.—wefinishtheworknow?—No,you.A.Must;needn'tB.Can;don'tC.Would;can't()8.ahealthydiet,therearealotofvegetablesandfruit.A.InB.ToC.For()9.Mygrandpagoestobedbeforenine,sohegoestobedlate.A.sometimes;alwaysB.always;neverC.often;doesn't()10.—Howdoweyourhouse?—Youcantakeataxi.A.togetB.gettoC.get()11.Peoplemustnotrunplayontheroad.A.andB.orC.but(·)12.Myfatherisagooddriver.Healwaysonthebusyroad.A.drivesfastB.drivecarefullyC.drivescarefully()13.Lookatthegreenman.Itwecannow.A.mean;walkB.means;stop.C.means;walk()14.Mikehittheball.Then,theycouldn'tfindit.A.hardB.quickC.hardly()15.Thelionthenetwithhisteeth,butthatdidn’t.A.bite;helpB.bit;helpC.bit;helped()16.Thelionletthemouse.A.goB.goesC.went()17.Ilikebananasandshelikesthem.A.tooB.alsoC.either()18.It's5:30amnow.MrGreenalwaysgetsupso.A.earlilyB.lateC.early()19.LiuTaosometimesinthemorning.A.feelsleepyB.feelssleepyC.feelssleep()20.Bobby,it'stoomessy.yourthingsinorder!A.PuttingB.PutsC.Put()1.Thewaterwashot.Whydidyouittheplasticbottle?A.poured,withB.pour,toC.pour,intoD.poured,into()2.Thebearisrollingthepumpkinhishands.A.withB.fromC.toD.by()3.Whoabigholeinthebasket?Thecat.A.make,isB.made,didC.didmake,didD.makes,is()4.theytoschoollateyesterday?Yes,they.A.Are,going,areB.Did,went,didC.Did,go,didD.Were,go,were()5.IsurftheInternet?No,youcan't.Yougotobedrightnow.A.Must,mustB.Can,mustC.Can,can'tD.Must,should()6.Theywaitthepavementandwaitthegreenman.A.for,onB.for,forC.on,forD.on,on()7.Myteacherwillmyhome.Ifeelafraid.A.e,alittleB.eto,alittleC.eto,afewD.e,few()8.Nancywantstogotothelibrary,butshedoesn'tknowhow.A.gettothereB.togetthereC.getthereD.togettothere()9.Iam.Ineedtohaveagood.A.sleep,sleepingB.sleepy,sleepC.sleepy,sleepyD.sleeping,sleep()10.Thegirldoesn'tlikeredblouse.Sheisablueonenow.A.puton,wearB.puttingon,wearingC.wearing,puttingonD.wear,put()11.Idosomesportsandgoshoppingatweekends.Igototheparties.A.sometimes,SometimesB.often,SometimesC.sometimes,OftenD.often,Often()12.InBeijing,itdoesn'tofteninspring.Butthisyearitalot.A.rain;rainsB.rainy;rainsC.rain;rainedD.rainy,rained()13.willyoustayinLondon?Fortwoweeks.A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.HowlongD.Howoften()14.Becareful!We’rein.Sorry,weshoulddriveontheleftsideoftheroad.A.WuxiB.TaipeiC.MacauD.theUSA()15.Theparentsareworriedaboutthetwins’Maths.CanyouhelpwithMaths?Sure.A.they,themB.them,theirC.them,theirsD.they,their三、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Hedidhishomework(care).Histeacherwasveryglad.2.Thefatherwas(happy)(see)hissonplaying(happy).3.Thestudentsoftenhelptheteachers(clean)theblackboard.4.SuYang(wash)herclothesand(sweep)theflooreveryday.5.Iwanted(finish)myhomeworkearly,butI(do).6.Themanlooked(sad)atthelittleboyandtheboylooked(sad)too.7.Isthis(Sam)ebook?Yes,it’s(he).8.Mygrandfatheris,becauseheeats(health).9.It'shotthesedays.Iwouldlikesome(drink).10.There(be)eightbagsof(rice)inthekitchenlastnight.11.Vitamins(keep)ourskinandhair(health).12.WhereisMissLi?She(take)photosofthestudentsintheplayground.13.Youmustn'tTVnow.TVtoomuchisbadforoureyes(watch).14.Whatcanwe(do)(keep)ourcityclean?15.Weshouldletoldpeople(get)onthebus(one).1.To(cross)the(cross)(safe),wemustwaitforthegreenman.2.Themancanrun(fast).3.Don'teattoo(many)sweets.They'rebadforyour(tooth).五、按要求完成句子1.Theboyinablueshirtismyclassmate.(对划线部分提问)isclassmate?2.BobbyandSamdowellatschool.(改为否定句)BobbyandSamatschool.3.Tomfeltsleepythismorning.(对划线部分提问)Tomthismorning?4.Idrewpictureswiththecrayons.(改为同义句)Ithecrayonspictures.5.Therewasalittlemilkintheglass.(对划线部分提问)intheglass?6.Tina'sbedroomislargeandbeautiful.(对划线部分提问)bedroomislargebeautiful?7.Theyaregoingtoeatsomebeeffordinner.(对划线部分提问)theyfordinner?8.Youmustwaitforthegreenman.(改为一般疑问句)waitforthegreenman?六、完形填空What1doyoueateveryday?Doyoueathealthyfood?AnAmericanartist2theworld.Heaskedkidswhattheyateeachweek.Thenhetook3ofthekidswiththeirfood.Hewantedtousethephotostotellkidstoeatmore4.Eating