2023年考研笔译常用词汇工业

activityratios经营比率allowancesformaintenance修理费brandlabel商标贴纸businesslicense营业执照capitalizationratios资本构造比率carrepairandassemblyplant汽车修配厂chargerbracket充电座支架collectivestewardship集体治理commercial/residentialcomplex商住综合楼comprehensivesubareas综合分区contractualproject承包工程debttoequityratio负债股本比率depreciationallowances折旧费discountedcashflowmodels折现值现金流量模型elaboratelytransformedmanufactures精加工electricalmachineryfactory电机厂equityreversion权益回收financecosts融资本钱fiscalallotment财政拨款floorarea建筑面积gasguzzler油耗量大的汽车genericproducts非商标〔非专利〕产品gothroughtheformalities办手续governmentassignment政府划拨GrantContractofLandUseRight土地使用权出让合同grantortransfer出让或转让heavymachineryplant重型机械厂highlyprocessedgoods深加工产品high-voltage/high-tensionwire高压电线incometaxshelter收入税的庇护industrialcluster产业集群industrialoptimization产业优化Internetphoneindustry网络业inwardinvestment对内投资jointchamberofcommerceandindustry联合工商会landefficiency土地效益landusecertificate土地使用证

landuseterm土地使用期lead-edgetechnologies领先技术locationclassification地段等级majorrepairdepreciationexpenses大修折旧费manufacturedinventory成品库存manufacturingexpenses制造费用metallurgicalindustry冶金产业mortgagelender抵押放贷者onaresidualbasis剩余法onthebasisofcapitalization资本复原法pillarindustry支柱产业pioneeringenterprises龙头企业planningapproval规划许可planningpermitofconstructionengineering建设工程规划许可证plotratio容集率precisionmachinetool周密机床pre-requisitionedland预征土地professionalfee专业人员费〔指勘察设计费等〕projectapproval工程许可projectingparameter规划参数propertytrust物业信托ratioofcurrentassetstocurrentliability流淌资产与流淌负债比率ratioofcurrentassetstofixedassets流淌资产与固定资产比率reciprocalholdings相互控股reconstructionofoldarea旧区改造recoverablecost/debt/loss可收回本钱/债务/损失redbalance赤字结余reformofthepropertyrightssystem产权制度改革registeredcapital注册资本registrationofestablishment开办登记registrationofpropertyright产权登记rules-of-thumbtechniques阅历法salesproceeds销售收益sitecoverage建筑密度strata-title分层全部权structuralreadjustment构造调整subsidiesandgrants津贴和拨款surpluscapacity生产力气过剩titledocument契约文书TradeandInvestmentLiberalizationandFacilitation(TILF)贸易和投资自由化和便利化unpaidmortgagebalance抵押贷款欠额waterconservancyproject水利工程wealthmaximization最大限度地增加财产Growthinprofithasbecomemoredifficulttoachieveduetoincreasedcompetition.Increasingproductivecapacityhasledtocarcompaniesaimingtouseeconomiesofscaleasthemainwayofreducingcost.不断增加的生产力气使汽车公司瞄准使用规模经济作为降低本钱的主要方法。Accordingtotheempiricalevidenceofeconomicdevelopmentofothercountriesintheworld,developmentofindustry,especiallythemodernindustryistheprerequisiteforthefastgrowthofnationaleconomy.世界各国经济进展的阅历证明：国家要取是现代工业。Theironandsteelindustryservesasthebasisforthedevelopmentofotherindustries.钢铁工业是进展其他工业的根底。Thesayingof“possessionofsteelandironisequaltothedominationofeconomicdevelopment”hasbeenprovedbyallpreviousindustrialrevolutions.“拥有了钢铁就拥有了经济进展的主宰证明。Itisessentialtosecuretheleadingpositionoftheironandsteelindustryinthelessdevelopmentcountriesattheinitialstageofindustrialdevelopment.欠兴盛国家初期的工业进展，钢铁工业的支柱地位显得尤为重要。

Rubberisalight,elastic,durableandwater-resistantmaterial,whichmakesrubberindustryveryimportant.橡胶是一种质轻、富有弹性、经久耐用和防水的材料，因此橡胶业格外重要。Electroniccomputers,whichmakeitpossibletofreemanfromthelaborofcomplexmeasurementsandcomputations,havefoundwideapplicationinengineering.电子计算机在工程技术上已获得广泛应作。Italianinvestmentismostlylocatedalongtheeastcoastinsuchsectorsasautomobiles,garments,textiles,footwear,leather,jewelry,machineryandelectronicproducts,instruments,aviationandleasing.意大利在华投资主要分布在中国东部沿海业。Titaniumallowshavebeenwidelyappliedinaviation,aerospace,shipbuildingandotherindustriesbecauseoftheirexcellentpropertiessuchaslowdensity,highstrengthtoweightratioandcorrosionresistance.钛合金以其密度小、比强度和比刚度高、宇航业、造船业等方面。ThemajorcivilaircraftproducerintheCzechRepublichas35yearsoftraditionandexperienceinaircraftdesignandproduction.捷克最大的民用飞机制造商拥有35年飞机设计和生产阅历。Thedevelopmentofaerospacedependschieflyonadvancedmaterialandtechnology.进展航空航天技术主要依靠先进的材料和技术。Theappearanceofnewcompositematerialisthefundamentalassuranceofhighperformance,highreliabilityandlowcostforaerospaceindustry.型复合材料的消灭是宇航业实现高性能、高邮牢靠性、低本钱的根底保证。Withthequickdevelopmentofinformationtechniqueandcomputerscience,thetechniquesaboutimageprocessing,automatictargetrecognitionandcomputervisionhavebeenwidelyappliedinmanyfields,suchasindustries,nationaldefense,aeronauticsandaerospace.随着信息技术和计算科学的快速进展，图诸多领域。

电子工业electronicsindustry独家代理soleagency;exclusiveagent纺织工业textileindustry服装工业clothingindustry钢铁工业ironandsteelindustry隔离开关isolatingswitch工程绘图engineeringdrawing工业基地industrialbase工业停滞industrialstagnation工业园区industrialpark公开招标publicbidding;opentender国有企业state-ownedenterprise合营期限contractualtermofajointventureManufacturing’sshareofU.S.employmet作方式methodsofcooperationpeakedin1953,at35%.1953年美国制造业为美国供给的就业岗位35%，到达顶峰。成品finishedproducts人才talent/competentpersonnelhumanresources半成品semi-finishedproducts滞销货unsalableproduct打工妹countrygirlsworkingincities效劳业serviceindustry利改税substitutionoftaxpaymentforprofitdelivery生产力productiveforces出资方式meansofcontributinginvestment传统产品traditionalproducts窗口行业servicetrades创汇产品hardcurrency-earningexports资本工程capitalaccount包工包料contractforlaborandmaterial采矿工业miningindustry操作方法workingtechnique;methodofoperation草根工业grassrootsindustry代理协议agencyagreement电力工业powerindustry产品设计designofproducts朝阳产业sunriseindustry成套设备wholesetsofequipment著名商标well-knowntrademark

后备工业supportingindustry化学工业chemicalindustry根底工业basicindustry技术入股technologyinvestedascapitalstock技术转让technologytransfer加工工业processingindustry尖端产品highlysophisticated/state-of-the-artproduct建筑工业buildingindustry来料装配assemblingwithsuppliedparts龙头产品flagshipproduct龙头老大leadingenterprise;flagshipoftheindustry内联企业inlandassociatedenterprises配套工程auxiliary/supportingproject配套资金supportingfunds批量生产massproduction切削工具cuttingtool升级换代upgradingandupdating生产资料capitalgoods市场疲软amarketslump市场准入marketaccess拳头产品highlycompetitiveproduct人才市场humanresourcesmarket私营部门theprivatesector乡镇企业townshipenterprises以销定产fixproductiontargetaccordingtomarketability学问产权bidsfortechnology主导工业leadingindustry抓大放小invigoratelargeenterpriseswhilerelaxingcontroloversmallones专利技术patentedtechnology产地证明书certificateoforigin工业增加值industrialaddedvalue企业所得税corporateincometax出口转内销domesticsalesofcommoditiesoriginallyproducedforexports代表性样品representativesample电视机工业TVindustry豆腐渣工程jerry-builtprojects进口环节税importlinkagetax经理负责制managerresponsibilitysystem劳动密集型labor-intensive机械制造业machine-buildingindustry招标承包制systemofpublicbidding重点开发区keydevelopmentzone飞机制造工业aircraftindustry固定资产投资investmentinfixedassets国家统配物资materialsallocatedbythestate黑色金属工业ferrousindustry品质检验证书qualityinspectioncertificate企业技术改造technologicalupdatingofenterprises企业亏损补贴subsidiestocoverenterpriselosses全面投产开工gointofulloperation商办工业企业industrialenterprisesrunbycommercialunits适销对路产品readilymarketableproduct现代企业制度moderncorporatesystem优化资源配置optimizeallocationofresources重量检验证书inspectioncertificateofweight(quantity)转化经营机制changethemethodofoperation改进技术规程improvethetechnologicalprocess的生气与活力newvigorandvitality

出口创汇型产业foreignexchange-earningindustry独家经营/专营权exclusiveright非国有工业企业non-stateindustrialenterprise工业把握一体化integratedindustrialcontrol科研成果产业化industrializationofresearchfindings质量信得过单位qualitytrustworthyorganization独立核算工业企业independentaccountingindustrialenterprise发电设备制造工业powerequipmentindustry高附加值的深加工intensiveprocessingwithhighaddedvalue走型工业化道路takeanewroadtoindustrialization订正行业不正之风rectifymalpracticeinvarioustrades就业前和在职培训pre-jobandon-the-job(in-service)training向根底工业倾斜的政策preferentialpolicyforbasicindustry技术、智力、资本密集型technology-,knowledge-orcapital-intensive〔来料加工，来件装配，来样加工和补偿贸易〕processingofimportedmaterialsoraccordingtosuppliedsamples,assemblingofsuppliedparts,andcompensationtrade中西部地区现有的工业根底、技术力气以有利条件。Inthecentralandwesternregions,theexistingindustrialfoundationandtechnologicalstrength,aswellasrichnaturalresourcesandlaborresourceshaveprovidedfavorableconditionsforforeigninvestorstoengageincooperativedevelopmentofthecentralandwesternpartsofChina.景。Chinaenjoysapromisingmarketintermsof

一个重大步骤。Theefforttoallowindustrialenterprisestoengageinindependentexportingisamajoritshigh-techindustry. stepinthereformofChina’sforeigntrade“九五”期间，外商投资占同期全社会固12.7%，外商投资企业20.9%。Inthemeantime,foreigninvestmentaccountedfor12.7%ofthetotalinvestmentinfixedassets,andtheindustrialaddedvalueofforeign-fundedenterprisestookup20.9%ofthatofthecountry.“走出去”战略取得实质性进展。Thestrategyofgoingglobalhasmadesubstantialprogress.机的冲击。Inrecentyears,Chineseexportershavebeenaffectedbytheworldfinancialcrisis.我们要大力推动外贸体制改革，走集团化技贸相结合的企业集团，以增加企业的竞争力。Wemustpromotethereformofthemanagementsystemofforeigntradeandestablishenterprisesgroupswhichcombinemanufacturing,farmingandscientificresearchwithtradetoincreasetheircompetitiveness.老的大中型国有企业必需进展技术改造以其进出口经营权。Oldlargeandmedium-sized,stateenterprisesmustbeinvigoratedthroughtechnologicalupgrading,andqualifiedonesshouldbeallowedtoengageinimportingandexporting.

system.和改善售前售后效劳才能行得通。Onlybycarryingoutthestrategyofsuccessthroughqualityandimprovingpresaleandafter-saleservicescanwewinintheworldfeaturingsharpcompetition.要通过精加工和深加工提高出口商品的附加值；要努力生产适销对路的名特优产品和“拳头”产品打入国际市场。Methodsoffineorintensivepro