【英语】辽宁省2023-2024学年高二下学期开学试题（解析版）

辽宁省2023-2024学年高二下学期开学英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdoesMichellewanttodo?A.Havedinner.B.Doherhomework.C.Writeathank-younote.2.Whenisthelibraryopen?A.At7:45.B.At8:00.C.At8:30.3.WhydoesChrislookfreshandenergetic?A.Heoftenswims.B.Hetakesclasses.C.Hesleepswell.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Amovie.C.Asong.5.Howdoesthemanwanttotravel?A.Bycar.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’sthewomanlookingfor?A.Acheaphotel.B.Amodernhotel.C.Anexpensivehotel.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inastore.C.Inarestaurant.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhydoesDianasaysorrytoPeter?A.Shehastogiveuphertravelplan.B.Shewantstovisitanothercity.C.Sheneedstoputoffhertest.9.WhatdoesDianawantPetertodo?A.Helpherwithherstudy.B.Takeabooktoherfriend.C.Teachageographylesson.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydidthewomanchoosetobeateacherasaprofession?A.Becauseofthepressurefromherfamily.B.Becauseofateacher’sencouragement.C.Becauseofthepassionforthework.11.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthebestpartofherjob?A.Beingwithchildren.B.Winningothers’respect.C.Learningdifferentthings.12.Whatdoesthewomanwantherstudentstobe?A.Lifelonglearners.B.Creativethinkers.C.Goodcommunicators.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WheremightHenrybewhenhesmelledsomesmoke?A.Intheyard.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthelivingroom.14.Whocalled911?A.Henry.B.Someoneinthecrowd.C.Theguyintheburninghouse.15.Howmanypeopleranintotheburninghouse?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Colleagues.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowmanylanguagesdoesDellaspeakaltogether?A.5.B.6.C.7.18.WhatdidDelladoontheshow?A.Sheansweredquestions.B.Shemadesmalltalks.C.Sheintroducedherschool.19.HowoldwasDellawhenshelearnedherfirstforeignlanguage?A.Oneyearold.B.Twoyearsold.C.Threeyearsold.20.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheexpert’swords?A.Dellashouldkeeppracticing.B.Dellashouldlearnmorelanguages.C.Dellashouldfocusononelanguage.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADiscoverOurWinterCampsThisSeasonSpacesEduAges13-17YearsAreyoulookingforanexcitingandcreativewaytodevelopcomputerskills?SpacesEduistheperfectcourseforstudentswhowanttobringtheirimaginationstolifebycoding(编码)theirownVRprojects.Inthiscourse,studentswilllearnhowtocreate3Dobjectsandwillalsolearnhowtocollectinformationquickly,aswellashowtosharetheircreationsonlineandexperiencethemwithVRheadsets.Thisisanadvancedcoursesosomecodingexperienceisnecessary.NecessaryLifeSkillsAges12-13YearsThiscoursewillofferimportantreal-lifeskillsforstudentswhichwillpreparethemfortheiruniversity.Studentswilllearnhowtocreatetheirowndetailedresumes(简历)aswellashowtoprepareforinterviewssotheyarepreparedandfilledwithconfidenceastheytakethenextstepsinlife.FrenchthroughArt&CultureAges8-11YearsJoinusthisspringaswetravelintimethroughtherichnessofFrenchmusic,peopleandcolors.Eachday,studentswillbuildtheirunderstandingofthelanguagethroughadifferentway.AsstudentsbecomeinterestedinFrenchartandculturetheywilldeveloptheirreading,writing,speakingandlisteningskills.FirstStepsAges7-12YearsInthisintroductorycourseforbeginners,studentswilllearnthebasicsofcomputerinPython.ThecoursewillfocusonlearningPythonprogrammingandthenusingtheknowledgeandskillstocreatecomputerprograms.Usinganonlinelearningplatform(平台),studentswillbeguidedthroughtheirlearningofPythonbasics.Studentsshouldbringtheirowncomputers.1.Whichcampissuitableforstudentswhoprepareforcollegelife?A.FrenchthroughArt&Culture. B.NecessaryLifeSkills.C.SpacesEdu. D.FirstSteps.2.WhatcanstudentsdoinFrenchthroughArt&Culture?A.ImprovetheirFrench. B.TravelinFrance.C.Organizeanartshow. D.Createa3Dpainting.3.WhatdoSpacesEduandFirstStepshaveincommon?A.Theyareperfectforbeginners. B.Theyareopentostudentsaged7.C.Theyoffercoursesincomputerscience. D.Theyprovidefreecomputersforstudents.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种冬令营活动，讲述了活动适合的年龄段，提供什么服务，活动方式等相关内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据NecessaryLifeSkills中的“Thiscoursewillofferimportantreal-lifeskillsforstudentswhichwillpreparethemfortheiruniversity.(本课程将为学生提供重要的现实生活技能，为他们进入大学做准备。)”可知，这个课程主要是为那些为大学做准备的学生们提供重要的真实生活技能。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据FrenchthroughArt&Culture中的“Eachday,studentswillbuildtheirunderstandingofthelanguagethroughadifferentway.AsstudentsbecomeinterestedinFrenchartandculturetheywilldeveloptheirreading,writing,speakingandlisteningskills.(每天，学生们都会通过不同的方式来加深对语言的理解。当学生对法国艺术和文化产生兴趣时，他们将发展他们的阅读、写作、口语和听力技能。)”可知，它可以帮助学生提高法语水平。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据SpacesEdu中的“Inthiscourse,studentswilllearnhowtocreate3Dobjectsandwillalsolearnhowtocollectinformationquickly,aswellashowtosharetheircreationsonlineandexperiencethemwithVRheadsets.(在本课程中，学生将学习如何创建3D对象，还将学习如何快速收集信息，以及如何在线分享他们的创作并使用VR头显体验它们。)”可知，在这个课程中,学生们将学习如何创建3D物体，也会学习如何快速收集信息。和FirstSteps中的“ThecoursewillfocusonlearningPythonprogrammingandthenusingtheknowledgeandskillstocreatecomputerprograms.(本课程将侧重于学习Python编程，然后使用这些知识和技能来创建计算机程序。)”可知，两者的共同点为“提供计算机课程”。故选C。BWorkingataninvestmentbankinNewYorkCityinthemid-2010s.AnnaSackswaslivingthelife—justnotthelifeshewanted.Sure,shewashappy.Butshewantedtodosomethingthatfeltimportantandwasfulfillingonadeeperlevel.SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticutforthreemonthstoparticipateinAdamah,aJewishfarmingprogramthatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.TheAdamahprogramopenedSacks’seyestothedamageconsumercultureisdoingonalocal,national,andgloballevel,andtheneedtofindsolutions.Fromthenon,shebeganwhatshecalls“trash(垃圾)walking.”Whilewalkingaroundherneighborhood,Sacks,31,pickedthroughrubbishtolookforreusableitems.Soon,hertrashwalksexpandedtoincludecompanyrubbishalongwithresidentialtrash.Surprisingly,shediscoveredawiderangeofreallygreatstuff—likeclothing,dinnerware,andfood—allofwhichshedocumentsonInstagramandTikTok.UnderthenameTheTrashWalker,Sacksquicklygainedpopularityforhereducational,funny,andsurprisingvideosthathighlighttheproblemswithconsumerismandshareinformationabouthowtoliveamoresustainablelife.“Therootissueisoverproduction,whichleadstooverconsumption,whichleadstoalargeamountofwaste,”shesays.Sacks’svideoshavegoneviralmanytimes,causingshockwavesthroughtheindustriesshecallsout.TrashwalkinghasgivenSacksanearlyendlesssupplyandshesharesmuchofher“treasure”withothers.Shetriesgivingtheminformallytofamily,friends,orindividualssheknowsmayneedaspecificitem.ThenshetakestheremainingitemstofreestoressootherNewYorkerscanbenefitfromhertreasure-hunting.Sacks’smainfocusissimplygettingpeopletopayattentiontohowmanyunnecessarythingstheybuyandthenthrowaway.“Onceyoubecomeawareofthewayyouconsume,youcanseewaysyouimprove,”shesays.4.WhatinspiredSackstobeginher“trashwalking”?A.Herdesiretolivearicherlife. B.Thegreatneedforhouseholdstuff.C.Herinvolvementinaproject. D.ThewishtobeanInternetstar.5.WhatdoSacks’videosfocuson?A.Funnystories. B.Viewsonconsumption.C.Educationalcourses. D.Solutionstoproblems.6.HowdoesSacksdealwithhertrash?A.Shedonatesalltothecharity. B.Shekeepsmostforherfamily.C.Shegivesawaymuchtoothers. D.Shesellssometoindividuals.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TrashWalker:FindTreasureinTrash.B.TrashWalking:AToughJourney.C.TrashWalker:LiveintheMoment.D.TrashWalking:ANewCareer.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫AnnaSacks的女性的生活经历和她对可持续生活方式的独特贡献，她通过“垃圾漫步”来减少浪费，提高人们对可持续生活方式的认识。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“SackspackedupherlifeandmovedtoConnecticutforthreemonthstoparticipateinAdamah,aJewishfarmingprogramthatfocusesonsustainablelivingandgrowingsustainablefood.TheAdamahprogramopenedSacks’seyestothedamageconsumercultureisdoingonalocal,national,andgloballevel,andtheneedtofindsolutions.Fromthenon,shebeganwhatshecalls“trash(垃圾)walking.”(Sacks结束了自己的生活，搬到了康涅狄格州，在那里住了三个月，参加了一个名为Adamah的犹太农业项目，该项目专注于可持续的生活和种植可持续的食物。Adamah项目让Sacks看到了消费文化在地方、国家和全球层面上造成的损害，以及找到解决方案的必要性。从那时起，她开始了她所谓的“垃圾漫步”)”可知，Sacks参加了一个项目后，看到了消费文化在地方、国家和全球层面上造成的损害，以及找到解决方案的必要性，于是她开始了“垃圾漫步”。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“UnderthenameTheTrashWalker,Sacksquicklygainedpopularityforhereducational,funny,andsurprisingvideosthathighlighttheproblemswithconsumerismandshareinformationabouthowtoliveamoresustainablelife.“Therootissueisoverproduction,whichleadstooverconsumption,whichleadstoalargeamountofwaste,”shesays.(Sacks以“垃圾漫步者”的名字迅速走红，因为她的有教育性的、有趣和令人惊讶的视频突出了消费主义的问题，并分享了如何过上更可持续的生活的信息。她说：“根本问题是生产过剩，生产过剩导致消费过剩，消费过剩导致大量浪费。”)”可知，Sacks的视频主要是和消费主义相关，包括她对消费的看法。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“TrashwalkinghasgivenSacksanearlyendlesssupplyandshesharesmuchofher“treasure”withothers.Shetriesgivingtheminformallytofamily,friends,orindividualssheknowsmayneedaspecificitem.ThenshetakestheremainingitemstofreestoressootherNewYorkerscanbenefitfromhertreasure-hunting.(“垃圾漫步”给Sacks了几乎无穷无尽的供应，她与他人分享了她的大部分“宝藏”。她试着把它们非正式地送给家人、朋友或她知道可能需要某件特定物品的个人。然后，她把剩下的东西送到免费商店，这样其他纽约人就可以从她的寻宝活动中受益)”可知，Sacks将大部分的垃圾送给了家人、朋友和免费商店。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了AnnaSacks通过“垃圾漫步”活动在垃圾中寻找可重复使用的物品，并将这些“宝藏”分享给他人的故事。因此，A选项“TrashWalker:FindTreasureinTrash(垃圾漫步者：在垃圾中寻找宝藏)”最符合文章的主题和主要内容，能够准确概括文章的核心思想。故选A。CLakeTiticacaisafreshwaterlakeintheAndesmountainsontheborderofBolivia.It’sthelargestlakeinSouthAmerica.Dottedalongthelake’swesterncorner,youcanfinddozensofartificialislands.Severalthatched(茅草的)housesandstructuressitoneachisland,someofwhichareonly30metersorsowide,althoughlargeronesexist.Thefloatingplatformsarebuiltbypilinglayersuponlayersofmixedtotorarootsandreeds(芦苇).Thetotoraplantisnecessarytolifeonthelake.Itsstrongrootfibersareusedtomakehouses,boats,roofs,mattresses,andmore,aswellasusedtomaketea,traditionalmedicine,andtastydishesknownas“lakebanana”.Sothestorygoes,thisunusuallivingarrangementcameoutinthepre-ColumbianerawhentheambitiousIncaEmpirebeganinvading(入侵)intothemainlandvillagesofUros.TheUrosvillagesmovedtoLakeTiticacawheretheybuiltthesefloatingplatforms.IfinvadingIncacametheirway,theUroscouldpushtheseartificialislandsouttothemiddleofthelakeandfleetheirattack.ThethreatoftheIncaEmpirehaslongpassed,butthetraditionremainsstrong.Eventoday,it’sestimatedthataround1,300Urosliveonsome100constructedislandsonLakeTiticaca.Maintainingthelifestyleisn’teasy.Whiletotoraisatoughmaterial,thethatchedorganicmaterialdegradesduetotheforcesofnatureovertime,meaningtheislandsandhomesareinaconstantstateofrepair.However,thetraditionalwayoflifeisn’twithoutitsmodernbenefits.Manyoftheislandshavesolarpanelsthatpowerlights,radios,andtelevisionsatellites.Thelake’sartificialislandshavealsobecomeamust-seespectaclefortourists,withsomelocalsevenrentingouttheirtotora-thatchedhomestotravelersononlinerentalwebsiteAirbnb.8.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thevalueofthetotoraplant. B.Theprocesstobuildtheislands.C.Theislandsmadeofwaterplants. D.ThetraditionandhistoryoftheUros.9.WhydidtheancientUrosbuildartificialislandsonthelake?A.Toliveanature-friendlylife. B.Topreservetheiroldlifestyle.C.Tobuildthatchedhousesonthem. D.Toprotectthemselvesagainstenemies.10.WhatdoweknowaboutthecurrentlifeoftheUros?A.Theyhavelosttheirnativelanguage.B.Moderndeviceshavecomeintotheirlife.C.Tourismistheirmajorsourceofincome.D.They’retiredofrepairingthetotora-thatchedhouses.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topersuade. B.Toeducate. C.Toadvertise. D.Tointroduce.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要叙述几个世纪前土著乌鲁斯人在的的喀喀湖上建造了一些人工浮岛，其建造材料、原因及现今状况。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Thefloatingplatformsarebuiltbypilinglayersuponlayersofmixedtotorarootsandreeds(芦苇).Thetotoraplantisnecessarytolifeonthelake.Itsstrongrootfibersareusedtomakehouses,boats,roofs,mattresses,andmore,aswellasusedtomaketea,traditionalmedicine,andtastydishesknownas“lakebanana”.(漂浮的平台是由一层一层的混合龙根和芦苇堆积而成的。高香蒲植物是湖中生命所必需的。它强壮的根纤维被用来建造房屋、船只、屋顶、床垫等，也被用来泡茶、传统药物和被称为“湖香蕉”的美味菜肴)”可知，该段主要讲述托托拉植物的价值所在。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“IfinvadingIncacametheirway,theUroscouldpushtheseartificialislandsouttothemiddleofthelakeandfleetheirattack.(如果入侵的印加人挡住了他们的路，乌鲁斯人可以把这些人工岛推到湖中央，逃离他们的攻击)”可知，乌鲁斯人建这些人工岛屿是为了保护自己，逃避印加帝国的攻击。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,thetraditionalwayoflifeisn’twithoutitsmodernbenefits.Manyoftheislandshavesolarpanelsthatpowerlights,radios,andtelevisionsatellites.(然而，传统的生活方式并非没有现代的好处。许多岛屿都有太阳能电池板，为电灯、收音机和电视卫星供电)”可知，现在的乌鲁斯人已使用了一些现代设备。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“LakeTiticacaisafreshwaterlakeintheAndesmountainsontheborderofBolivia.It’sthelargestlakeinSouthAmerica.Dottedalongthelake’swesterncorner,youcanfinddozensofartificialislands.Severalthatched(茅草的)housesandstructuressitoneachisland,someofwhichareonly30metersorsowide,althoughlargeronesexist.(的的喀喀湖是玻利维亚边境安第斯山脉的一个淡水湖。它是南美洲最大的湖泊。沿着西湖的西角，你可以看到几十座人工岛。每个岛上都有几座茅草屋和建筑，其中一些只有30米左右宽，尽管有更大的)”结合文章主要叙述几个世纪前土著乌鲁斯人在的的喀喀湖上建造了一些人工浮岛，其建造材料、原因及现今状况。由此推断，文章主要是对文化景点的介绍。故选D。DWhenrunningthroughanairport,yourluggagebecomesaburdenforyou.Anewride-onsuitcasecalledtheAirwheel,currentlyseekingfundingonKickstarter,canletyourluggagecarryyouaroundforachange.CompanieslikeTrunkihavebeenmakingride-onsuitcasesforkidsforyears,andlaterinvolvedinadaptingthemforadultstoo.Andtheappealoftheideaishardtodeny—whowouldn’twanttoslidetotheirterminal(航站楼)ontopoftheirluggage,ratherthantryingtocarryitwhileyou’rerunning?TheAirwheelisdesignedtomakeitcometrue,equippinganelectricmotor,rechargablebatteryandasteering(操控)devicejustlikethemotorbikehandlebars.Theacceleratorandbraketaketheformofbuttonsonthehandle,andthe4-in(10-cm)wheelsareapparentlytoughenoughtorunoverrockyroadsandcracks.Theouterframeisstrongenoughtosupportridersweighingupto130kg.Atmaxspeedthecasecangetupto10km/h,andthebatterywilllastonehouratthatspeed.Thecompanysaysthatnotonlyisthisfasterthanotherride-onsuitcases,butthemoreuprightsittingpositionismorecomfortableandnaturalthanthebent-overpostureofothers,whichistheriders’bighit.Foratouchofcustomization(定制),theAirwheelconnectstoanappwhichletsuserssetupcolorsandpatternsoflights.There’salsoasearchmodetohelpyoufinditonaluggagetransfer-belt.Thatsaid,makingthesuitcasetransparentisabitofauniquedesignchoice.Yourcustomizedsuitcasewilldrawyourattentioneasily.TheAirwheelhasalreadypasseditsgoalonKickstarter,with44daysremainingonthecampaign.Ifallgoestoplan,shippingshouldbegininFebruary2024.12.WhydoesTrunkicompanytrytoproducetheAirwheel?A.Itispopularwithkids. B.Itmeetsthedemandsofcustomers.C.Itcanraisefundforthelocalairport. D.Itcanhelptravellerskeeptheirluggage.13.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.TheequipmentoftheAirwheel. B.ThemethodstousetheAirwheel.C.TheapplicationsoftheAirwheel. D.TheprocessofmakingtheAirwheel.14.WhatdotheriderslikebestabouttheAirwheel?A.Itslongerdurationoftransport. B.Itspopularbent-overposture.C.Itsincreasingrunningspeed. D.Itsnaturalsittingposition.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“transparent”meaninparagraph5?A.Widelyavailable. B.Completelycontrolled.C.Easilyrecognized. D.Environmentallyfriendly.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一款新的骑坐式行李箱。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Andtheappealoftheideaishardtodeny—whowouldn’twanttoslidetotheirterminal(航站楼)ontopoftheirluggage,ratherthantryingtocarryitwhileyou’rerunning?(这个想法的吸引力是难以否认的——谁不想把行李压在上面滑到终端机，而不是一边跑一边拿着行李呢？)”及第三段“TheAirwheelisdesignedtomakeitcometrue,equippinganelectricmotor,rechargablebatteryandasteering(操控)devicejustlikethemotorbikehandlebars.(Airwheel就是为了实现这一目标而设计的，它配备了一个电动马达、可充电电池和一个像摩托车把手一样的转向装置。)”可知，Trunki公司要生产Airwheel是因为它能满足客户的需求。故选B。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“TheAirwheelisdesignedtomakeitcometrue,equippinganelectricmotor,rechargablebatteryandasteering(操控)devicejustlikethemotorbikehandlebars.Theacceleratorandbraketaketheformofbuttonsonthehandle,andthe4-in(10-cm)wheelsareapparentlytoughenoughtorunoverrockyroadsandcracks.Theouterframeisstrongenoughtosupportridersweighingupto130kg.(Airwheel就是为了实现这一目标而设计的，它配备了一个电动马达、可充电电池和一个像摩托车把手一样的转向装置。油门和刹车采用手柄上的按钮形式，4英寸（10厘米）的车轮显然足够坚固，可以在岩石路面和裂缝上行驶。外框架足够坚固，可以支撑重达130公斤的骑手。)”可知，第三段的主要内容是Airwheel的一些配备情况，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thecompanysaysthatnotonlyisthisfasterthanotherride-onsuitcases,butthemoreuprightsittingpositionismorecomfortableandnaturalthanthebent-overpostureofothers,whichistheriders’bighit.(该公司表示，这款行李箱不仅比其他的骑行行李箱更快，而且坐姿更直立，比其他的弯腰姿势更舒适、更自然，这是骑行者最喜欢的。)”可知，骑行者最喜欢Airwheel的一点是它的自然坐姿。故选D。【15题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段“Foratouchofcustomization(定制),theAirwheelconnectstoanappwhichletsuserssetupcolorsandpatternsoflights.There’salsoasearchmodetohelpyoufinditonaluggagetransfer-belt.(Airwheel还连接了一个应用程序，用户可以通过该应用程序设置灯光的颜色和图案。它还有一个搜索模式，可以帮助你在行李传送带上找到它。)”可知，Airwheel连接到一个应用程序，用户可以设置灯光的颜色和图案，还有一个搜索模式可以帮助您在行李传送带上找到它，因此划线词所在句子表示“让箱子容易辨认是独特的设计选择”，划线词的意思是“容易辨认的”，和easilyrecognized意思相近，故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BrainexercisestoimprovememoryMemoryisanintellectualabilitytocollect,storeandrecalleventsthatpeoplehaveexperiencedinthepast.Notmanyofuscanboastofagoodmemory.Scientistshavefoundadirectrelationshipbetweenexercisesandbrainhealth.Herearesomebrainexercisestoimprovememory.StudyinganewlanguageThisisagoodwaytoenhancetheabilityofthinkingandgatheringinformationtothebrain.Youwillprobablyfinditdifficulttomemorizethevocabularyofaforeignlanguage.___16___Learninganewlanguagehelpsthebrainworkcontinuouslyandimprovesmemory.Focusingwithin8secondsYoushouldfocusthinkingaboutsomethingtoremember(anniversaryforgrandparents,classmeetingtime···)within8seconds.8secondsseemstobeaveryshorttime.Howeveritisthetimenecessarytomoveinformationfromshort-termmemoryintolong-termmemoryofthepeople.___17___Therefore,youshouldapplyandpracticeeveryday.Positivethinking___18___Havingacomfortablelifeistheaimofthisbrainexercisetoimprovememory.Lifeandspiritarealwayshappytohaveanplentifulstrengthandatoughnessmemory.Anoptimisticmindset,lovelifewillincreasetheworkefficiencyofthebrainandhelpyouavoiddepression,andbringyoumuchjoyandhappiness.___19___It’sveryeasytodothisexercise.Youcloseyoureyes,countthecolorofthelettersinorderintheGooglename,orthenameofthestoresinfrontofyourhouse,thenyoucheckforaccuracy.Youshouldgraduallyincreasethedifficultyoftheexercisestogetsharpmemory.Youcanalsodobrainexercisetoimprovememoryfrom:writedownabunchofwords,readonceandthinkquicklytoseehowmanywordsyoucanremember.___20___A.ClosingyoureyesB.BuildupyourvocabularyC.Youshouldstartwith10wordsandincreasegradually.D.Regularlyreadarticlesandnewlistsofwordstohaveahealthybrain.E.Thisisactuallyamethodthatsomestudieshavetestedandconfirmed.F.Butthemoredifficulttoremember,themorebrainfunctionworkproperly.G.Themethodisalwaysthinkingaboutabetterfuture:simplelife,happyfamily,goodchildren.【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.A20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍几种大脑锻炼提高记忆力的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Thisisagoodwaytoenhancetheabilityofthinkingandgatheringinformationtothebrain.Youwillprobablyfinditdifficulttomemorizethevocabularyofaforeignlanguage.(这是一个很好的方式来提高思维能力和收集信息的大脑。你可能会发现记住一门外语的词汇很困难)”以及后文“Learninganewlanguagehelpsthebrainworkcontinuouslyandimprovesmemory.(学习一门新语言有助于大脑持续工作，提高记忆力)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出困难对于大脑工作的影响，下文补充说明，学习一门新语言有助于大脑持续工作并提高记忆力。故F项“但是越难记住，大脑功能就越能正常工作”符合上下文逻辑关系。故选F。【17题详解】根据上文“Youshouldfocusthinkingaboutsomethingtoremember(anniversaryforgrandparents,classmeetingtime···)within8seconds.8secondsseemstobeaveryshorttime.Howeveritisthetimenecessarytomoveinformationfromshort-termmemoryintolong-termmemoryofthepeople.(你应该在8秒内集中精力想一些值得记住的事情（祖父母的纪念日，班会时间）。8秒似乎是很短的时间。然而，将信息从短期记忆转移到人们的长期记忆是必要的时间)”上文提到8秒可以将信息从人们的短期记忆转移到长期记忆，由此可知本句对这一方法的作用进行总结。故E项“这实际上是一种经过一些研究测试和证实的方法”符合上下文逻辑关系。故选E。【18题详解】根据后文“Havingacomfortablelifeistheaimofthisbrainexercisetoimprovememory.Lifeandspiritarealwayshappytohaveanplentifulstrengthandatoughnessmemory.Anoptimisticmindset,lovelifewillincreasetheworkefficiencyofthebrainandhelpyouavoiddepression,andbringyoumuchjoyandhappiness.(有一个舒适的生活是这种大脑锻炼的目的，以提高记忆力。生活和精神总是快乐的，拥有丰富的力量和坚韧的记忆。一个乐观的心态，热爱生活将提高大脑的工作效率，帮助你避免抑郁，并给你带来许多快乐和幸福)”可知，本段主要讲述，本句应陈述积极乐观的事。故G选项“这个练习方法就是时刻想着美好的未来：简单的生活、幸福的家庭、优秀的孩子”符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】根据后文“It’sveryeasytodothisexercise.Youcloseyoureyes,countthecolorofthelettersinorderintheGooglename,orthenameofthestoresinfrontofyourhouse,thenyoucheckforaccuracy.(做这个练习很容易。你闭上眼睛，按顺序数出谷歌名字中字母的颜色，或者你家门前商店的名字，然后检查准确性)”可知，该段讲述另一个大脑锻炼提高记忆力的方法，A选项Closingyoureyes对应后文closeyoureyes。A选项“闭上眼睛”，与后文具体做法陈述一致。故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Youcanalsodobrainexercisetoimprovememoryfrom:writedownabunchofwords,readonceandthinkquicklytoseehowmanywordsyoucanremember.(你也可以通过大脑锻炼来提高记忆力：写下一堆单词，读一次，快速思考，看看你能记住多少单词)”叙述，您还可以通过进行大脑锻炼来提高记忆力：写下一堆单词，读一次并快速思考，看看您能记住多少单词，故本句承接上文，进行补充说明。故C选项“你应该从10个单词开始，然后逐渐增加”符合语境，故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。VickyUmodufromColtoninCaliforniawasintheprocessofmovingintohernewhome.Shewasinurgent___21___offurniturebutcouldn’taffordtobuyanything___22___orused.Soshedecidedtosearchonlineforotheroptions.Shewas___23___tofindalovelyfurnituresetthatwasbeinggivenaway.Itlookedhardlyused.Vickythencontactedtheownerofthefurniture___24___andwasmorethanblessedtohaveit.Onceshegotithome,shestartedto___25___thefurniture.Butshenoticedsomethingalittle___26___aboutoneofthechairs.Thecushion(坐垫)feltuneven.Assheinspectedthecushion,she___27___whatshewasfeelingwasperhapsahotwaterbottleunderthecushioncover.Buttoher___28___,shefounddozensofenvelopesfullofmoney!Insteadofkeepingit,sherightaway___29___themoneytotheownerofthefurniture.Muchtohersurprise,shelaterlearnedthefurniture____30____theowner’sgrandmawhopassedawaylastmonthandtheownerhadno____31____thathisgrandmasavedmoneyby____32____envelopesofmoneyinfurniture.Vicky’s____33____turnedintoadoubleblessing.Notonlydidshefindfavoritefurniture,buttheownerofthefurniturealsogavehera(n)____34____!Hegaveherextracashtobuyanewfridge.Whatavaluable____35____sheisteachingherchildrenandtheworld!21.A.advance B.charge C.favor D.need22.A.flexible B.real C.new D.simple23.A.delighted B.discouraged C.honored D.puzzled24.A.worriedly B.slightly C.immediately D.secretly25.A.assess B.exchange C.arrange D.design26.A.horrible B.strong C.awesome D.strange27.A.realized B.recognized C.assumed D.believed28.A.regret B.relief C.joy D.shock29.A.lent B.returned C.presented D.offered30.A.belongedto B.contributedto C.subscribedto D.adaptedto31.A.intention B.idea C.business D.choice32.A.distributing B.showing C.earning D.hiding33.A.generosity B.honesty C.affection D.confidence34.A.reward B.order C.promotion D.certificate35.A.fridge B.gift C.heart D.lesson【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.C25.C26.D27.C28.D29.B30.A31.B32.D33.B34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了维姬（Vicky）一家人刚搬新家，买不起家具，幸运的是，在网上寻找到别人赠送的家具。但在布置家具时，发现原家具主人藏的一大笔钱，她并没有想到占为己有，而是选择立即返还。她的美好品德，值得她的孩子和人们学习。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她急需家具，但买不起新的或二手的。A.advance前进，进步；B.charge管理，电荷，费用；C.favor帮助；D.need需要。根据前文“intheprocessofmovingintohernewhome”可知，她刚搬新家，所以需要家具。故选D项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她急需家具，但买不起新的或二手的。A.flexible灵活的；B.real真的；C.new新的；D.simple简单的。根据“couldn’tafford”和“used”可知，她连二手家具都买不起，所以也买不起新的。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她很高兴地发现一套可爱的家具正在被赠送。A.delighted高兴的；B.discouraged受挫的；C.honored光荣的；D.puzzled困惑的。根据后文“givenaway”可知，当她知道有一套家具被赠送时，心情肯定是高兴的。故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后，维姬（Vicky）立即联系了家具的主人，并非常幸运地拥有了它。A.worriedly担心地；B.slightly轻微地；C.immediately立刻地；D.secretly秘密地。根据前文可知，她没有钱买家具，当她得知有免费的赠送家具时，她非常高兴，所以她立刻就联系了家具主人。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一回到家，她就开始布置家具。A.assess评估；B.exchange交换；C.arrange布置，安排；D.design设计。根据前文“intheprocessofmovingintohernewhome”可知，她刚搬新家，所以获得赠送的家具后，她就立刻布置起来。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但她注意到其中一把椅子有点奇怪。A.horrible可怕的；B.strong强壮的；C.awesome令人惊叹的；D.strange奇怪的。根据后文“Thecushion(坐垫)feltuneven.”可知，坐垫摸起来不平整，所以看起来有点奇怪。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她检查垫子时，她猜想垫子下面她摸到的可能是的一个热水瓶。A.realized实现；B.recognized识别；C.assumed猜想，假设；D.believed相信。根据后文的feeling，可知，她还不知道垫子下面是什么，所以只能用猜想。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但令她震惊