职称英语卫生类A级模拟77

［模拟］职称英语卫生类A级模拟77

词汇选项下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有

括号或下划线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号

里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第1题：

Themusicwasalittleloud,but<u>except</u>thatitwasagreatconcert.

A.betterthan

B.morethan

C.otherthan

D.ratherthan

参考答案：C

except和otherthan同义：除...之夕卜；betterthan：比....好；morethan：

比...多；ratherthan：而不是....。

第2题：

Foreignmilitaryaidwas<u>prolonging</u>thewar.

A.broadening

B.worsening

C.extending

D.accelerating

参考答案：C

动词prolong的意思是“延长、使更长"。extend有这个意思,如：Theterm

ofofficewillbeextendedfromthreeyearstofour.（任期将从三年延长

为四年）。broaden是“使变宽”的意思,worsen变得更坏,accelerate加速。

第3题：

WhatmakesamajorsuccessinLosAngelesisthe<u>strength</u>ofhis

publicsupport.

A.concentration

B.intensity

C.conservation

D.stress

参考答案：B

i

第4题:

Itseems<u>highly</u>unlikelythatshewillpasstheexam.

A.very

B.completely

C.usually

D.mostly

参考答案：A

第5题:

Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajor<u>impact</u>ontravel

preferences.

A.influence

B.force

C.surprise

D.power

参考答案：A

第6题:

Heisahumorousman,<u>especially</u>hisexpressioninhisface.

A.rationally

B.obviously

C.particularly

D.traditionally

参考答案：C

本题是对常见副词的考查。Especially特别地,特殊地;rationally理智地;

obviously明显地；particularly尤其地，特别地；traditionally传统地

第7题：

Gunpowderwasusedextensivelyinfirearms<u>prior</u>to1990.

A.in

B.around

C.from

D.before

参考答案：D

2

第8题：

Iamalways<u>conscious</u>ofmyownshortcomings.

A.aware

B.ashamed

C.anxious

D.surprised

参考答案：A

conscious和aware都表示“意识到的、有意识的"；ashamed：惭愧的、羞耻

的；anxious：担忧的、渴望的；surprised：感到惊讶的。

第9题：

Helackedthestrengthto<u>dealwith</u>alltheseproblems.

A.thinkof

B.talkabout

C.copydown

D.copewith

参考答案：D

第10题：

Agreatdealhasbeendoneto<u>better</u>thesituation.

A.change

B.improve

C.assess

D.harm

参考答案：B

本题是常见动词的考查。Better改善，使…更好；change变化；improve改善,

提高；assess评价；harm伤害。

第11题：

EverydayTomhadnothingtodobut<u>passaway</u>time.

A.catchupwith

B.waste

C.kill

D.save

3

参考答案：C

passaway与kill同义，意为“死，打发/消磨（时间）"。catchupwith"赶

上某人，超过某人，达到与某人相同的境层"；waste"浪费，滥用，未充分利

用"；save“救，拯救，挽救，保全（以免伤害，损失）"。

第12题：

Theyhadafarbetter<u>yield</u>thananyotherfarmmilesawayaround

thisyear.

A.goods

B.soil

C.climate

D.harvest

参考答案：D

此句中的yield和harvest都表示“收成"；goods：货物;soil：土壤；climate：

气候。

第13题：

We<u>derive</u>informationmainlyfromtheInternet.

A.deprive

B.obtain

C.descend

D.trace

参考答案：B

划线词的意思是“得自，起源,引申于”,B项意为“获得"，例：［haven'tbeen

abletoobtainthatbookanywhere.我到处都没买到那本书。A项意为“剥

夺”，常和“of”连用,例：Thenewlawsdeprivedmanypeopleofthemost

elementaryfreedoms.新法律剥夺了许多人最基本的自由。C项意为“下降”，

例：Thesundescendedbehindthehills.太阳下山了。D项意为“痕迹；追

踪，回溯"，例：Thebooktracesthedevelopmentofphilosophy.该书追

溯了哲学的发展过程。

第14题：

Thisplayisso<u>boring</u>thatIfeelabitsleepy.

A.interesting

B.exciting

C.lazy

D.dull

参考答案：D

4

本题考查常见的形容词。Boring枯燥的；interesting有兴趣的；exciting兴

奋的；lazy懒惰的；dull单调的，枯燥的，所以正确答案为D。

第15题:

Theconstructionoftherailwayissaidtohavebeen<u>terminated</u>.

A.resumed

B.putanendto

C.suspended

D.re-scheduled

参考答案：B

terminate和putanendto同义：结束、中止；resume（中断后重又开始），

suspend（暂时中断），re-schedule（重新制定时间表）这三个动词都可以和

construction搭配。但词义和terminate不相近。

阅读判断阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据

短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选

择A项；如果该句提供的错误信息，请选择B项：如果该句的信息文

章中没有提及，请选择C项。

UsingHIVVirustoCureCancer

Scientistsareplanningtousehumanimmunodeficiency（免疫缺

陷）virus（HIV）,oneofmankind'smostfearedviruses,asacarrierof

geneswhichcanfightcancerandarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.

TheexpertssayHIVhasanalmostperfectabilitytoavoidthebody's

immune（免疫的）defenses,makingitidealforcarryingreplacementgenes

intopatients'bodies,accordingtotheObserver.

AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstitute,oneoftheworld

'sleadingresearchcentersonbiologicalsciences,hascreatedaspecial

newbreedofHIVandhasstartednegotiationswiththeU.S.FoodandDrug

Administration（FDA）tobeginclinicalgenetherapy（治疗）trialsthis

year.Thefirsttrialsareexpectedtoinvolvepatientssufferingfrom

cancersthatcannotbecuredbysurgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessor

InderVermasaidtheHIVtechniquewouldhave"farwiderapplications”.

Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceit

involvesmakinguseofaviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeaths

aroundtheworldinthepasttwodecades.Vermasaidthattheideaofusing

HIVforabeneficialpurposewas“shocking"butthefiercenatureofHIV

haddisappearedbyhavingallsixofthepotentiallydeadlygenesremoved.

Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneina

patient'sbodyfailstoworkproperly.Inthepasttwoyears,

breakthroughsingenetics（遗传学）haveledgenetherapyscientiststo

5

tryandreplacethegenesthatdonotfunctionnormally.

Unfortunately,thebody'simmunedefenseshavebeenknownto

attackthemodifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforethey

canstarttheirtaskandprogressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythe

lackofasuitablecarrier.

TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefrom,andthendestroy,

theimmunedefensecellsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakes

itattractivetoscientistsasawayofsecretlyconveyingreplacement

genesintopatients'bodies.

第16题：

FDAhasapprovedtheplanofusingHIVtocurecancerinhumans.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：B

第17题：

TheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposehasbeenwidelyaccepted.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：B

第18题：

HIVcanbesafelyusedtocurecanceronlyifthedeadlygeneshavebeen

removed.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：A

第19题：

TheHIVvirusisanexcellentwarriortofightthebody'simmunecells.

A.Right

B.Wrong

6

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：A

第20题：

Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobeginclinicalgenetherapytrials

soon.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：C

第21题：

Itisthelackofmoneythathashelduptheprogressinusingreplacement

genestocurecancer.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：B

第22题：

TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案：c

概括大意与完成句子阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任

务：（1）1〜4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2〜5段每段选择1个

正确的小标题；（2）第5〜8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确

的选项，分别完成每个句子。

themirspacestation

7

therussianmir（沙俄时代的一种村社组织）spacestation,which

camedownin2001atlastafter15yearsofpioneeringtheconceptof

long-term（长期的）humanspaceflight,isrememberedforits

accomplishmentsinthehumanspaceflighthistory,itcanbecreditedwith

manyfirstsinspace.

duringmir'slifetime,russiaspentaboutus$4.2billiontobuild

andmaintainthestation.

thesovietunionlaunchedmir,whichwasdesignedtolastfrom

threetofiveyears,onfebruary20,1986,andhoused104astronautsover

12yearsandsevenmonths,mostofwhomwerenotrussian.infact,itbecame

thefirstinternationalspacestationbyplayinghostto62peoplefrom

11countries,from1995through1998,sevenastronautsfromtheunited

statestookturnslivingonmirforuptosixmonthseach,theywereamong

the37americanswhovisitedthestationduringninestopovers（中途停

留）byspaceshuttles.

themorethan400milliontheunitedstatesprovidedrussianfor

thevisitsnotonlykeptmiroperating,butalsogavetheamericansand

theirpartnersintheinternationalstationprojectvaluableexperience

inlong-termflightandmultinationaloperations.

adebatecontinuesovermir'scontributionstoscience,during

itsexistence,mirwasthelaboratory（实验室）for23,000experiments

andcarriedscientificequipment,estimatedtobeworth$80million,from

manynations,experimentsonmirarecreditedwitharangeoffindings,

fromthefirstsolidmeasurementoftherationofheavyheliumatomsin

spacetohowtogrowwheatinspace.butforthosefavouringhumanspace

exploration,mirshowedthatpeoplecouldliveandworkinspacelong

enoughforatriptomars,thelongestsinglestayinspaceisthe437.7

daysthatrussianastronautvalerypolyakovspentonmirfrom1994to1995.

andsergieavdeyevaccumulated747.6daysinspaceinthreetripstothe

spacestation,thelongestamericanstaywasthatofshannonlucid,who

spent188daysaboardmirin1996.

despitethemanyfirstsmiraccomplished,1997wasabadyearout

of15formir.in1997,anoxygengenerator（发电机）caughtfire.later,

themaincomputersystembrokedown,causingthestationtodriftseveral

timesandtherewerepowerfailures.

mostoftheseproblemswererepaired,withamericanhelpand

suppliers,butmir,sreputationasaspacestationwasruined.

mir'ssetbacksarenothing,though,whenwecomparethemwith

itsaccomplishments,mirwasatremendoussuccess,whichwillbe

rememberedasamilestoneinspaceexplorationandthespacestationthat

showedlong-termhumanhabitationinspacewaspossible.butit'stime

tomoveontothenextgeneration,theinternationalspacestationbeing

builtwillbebetter,butitowesagreatdebttomir.

23-26的选项

8

A.undeniablemir,sachievements

B.rewardsfollowingtheu.s.financialinjection

C.mir'sproblemyear

D.mirregardedasacompletefailure

E.mirJsfirstsinscientificexperimentsandspaceexploration

F.agreatdebtownedtotheinternationalspacestation

27-30的选项

A.everything

B.agreatsuccess

C.atremendousfailure

D.nothing

E.manyfirsts

F.quitepossible

第23题:

paragraph4________

参考答案:

B

详细解答:

第24题:

paragraph5_

参考答案:

E

详细解答:

第25题：

paragraph6_

参考答案:

C

详细解答:

第26题：

paragraph8________

9

参考答案：

A

详细解答：

第27题:

mirenhancedtheconfidenceinthescientiststhathumanslivinginspace

foralongtimewas.

参考答案：

F

详细解答：

第28题:

inmir,theu.s.astronautscreated.

参考答案：

E

详细解答：

第29题:

whenwethinkofmirintermsofitsachievements,itssetbacksare

参考答案：

D

详细解答：

第30题:

thewritertendtothinkthatmirwas,

参考答案:

B

详细解答:

io

阅读理解下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4

个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4

个选项中选择1最佳答案。

ImmuneFunctions

Theimmunesystemisequalincomplexitytothecombined

intricaciesofthebrainandnervoussystem.Thesuccessoftheimmune

systemindefendingthebodyreliesonadynamicregulatorycommunication

networkconsistingofmillionsandmillionsofcells.Organizedintosets

andsubsets,thesecellspassinformationbackandforthlikecloudsof

beesflyingaroundahive（蜂巢）.Theresultisasensitivesystemof

checksandbalancesthatproducesanimmuneresponsethatisprompt,

appropriateeffective,andself-limiting.

Attheheartoftheimmunesystemistheabilitytodistinguish

betweenselfandnoself.Whenimmunedefendersencountercellsor

organismscarryingforeignornonselfmolecules,theimmunetroopsmove

quicklytoeliminatetheintruders（入侵者）.Virtuallyeverybodycell

carriesdistinctivemoleculesthatidentifyitasself.Thebody'simmune

defensesdonotnormallyattacktissuesthatcarryaselfmarker.Rather,

immunecellsandotherbodycellscoexistpeaceablyinsstateknownas

self-toler-ance.Whenanormallyfunctioningimmunesystemattacksa

nonselfmolecule,thesystemhastheabilityto〃remember〃thespecifics

oftheforeignbody.Uponsubsequentencounterswiththesamespeciesof

molecules,theimmunesystemreactsaccordingly.Withthepossible

exceptionofantibodies（抗体）passedduringlactation（哺乳期］）,thisso

calledimmunesystemmemoryisnotinherited.Despitetheoccurrenceof

avirusinyourfamily,yourimmunesystemmust〃learn〃fromexperience

withthemanymillionsofdistinctivenonselfmoleculesintheseaof

microbes（微生物）inwhichwelive.Learningentailsproducingthe

appropriatemoleculesandcellstomatchupwithandcounteracteach

nonselfinvader.

Anysubstancecapableoftriggeringanimmuneresponseiscalled

anantigen（抗原）.Antigensarenottobeconfusedwithallergens（过敏

原），whicharemostoftenharmlesssubstancesthatprovoketheimmune

systemtosetofftheinappropriateandharmfulresponseknownasallergy.

Anantigencanbeavirus,abacteriumorevenaportionorproductof

oneoftheseorganisms.Tissuesorcellsfromanotherindividualalsoact

asantigens;becausetheimmunesystemrecognizestransplantedtissuesas

foreign,itrejectsthem.Thebodywillevenrejectnourishingproteins

unlesstheyarefirstbrokendownbythedigestivesystemintotheir

primary,nonantigenicbuildingblocks.Anantigenannouncesits

foreignnessbymeansofintricateandcharacteristicshapescalled

epitopes（抗原表位），whichprotrude（突出）fromitssurface.Mostantigens,

eventhesimplestmicrobes,carryseveraldifferentkindsofepitopeson

theirsurface;somemayevencarryseveralhundreds.Someepitopeswill

11

bemoreeffectivethanothersatstimulatinganimmuneresponse.Onlyin

abnormalsituationdoestheimmunesystemwronglyidentifyselfasnonself

andexecuteamisdirectedimmuneattack.

第31题：

Whatisusedtodescribethecommunicationnetworkconsistingofcells

intheimmunesystem?

A.Theimmunesystem'smemory.

B.Immunetroopseliminatingintruders.

C.Beesflyingaroundahive.

D.Aseaofmicrobes.

参考答案：C

根据文中第1段第4—5行的内容：“这些细胞组成了无数的窝穴和小窝穴，就

像大群的蜜蜂围绕着蜂巢来来回回地传递着信息。"C项Beesflyingarounda

hive意思为围绕蜂巢群心的蜜蜂。与文中内容符合，因此可判断应选C项。

第32题：

Theimmunecellsandothercellsinthebodycoexistpeaceablyinastate

knownas

A.self-tolerance

B.balance

C.harmony

D.tolerance

参考答案：A

根据文中第2段第6行内容：“免疫细胞和其他人体细胞在称为自身耐受，的状

态下可以和平共存。"A项self-tolerance意思为自身耐受，与原文内容相符，

因此可判断应选A项。

第33题：

Howdotheimmunecellsrecognizeanantigenas〃foreign〃or〃nonself〃？

A.Throughanallergicresponse.

B.Throughbloodtype.

C.Throughcharacteristicshapesontheantigensurface.

D.Throughfinehairsprotrudingfromtheantigensurface.

参考答案：C

根据文中第3段倒数第6行内容：”抗原是通过称为抗原表位的复杂而又特有的

形状来宣布它的，外来者'的。"C项Throughcharacteristicshapesonthe

antigensurface.意思为通过抗原表面上的特有形状。与文中内容相符，据此

可判断应选C项。

12

第34题:

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Allergensareusuallyharmfulsubstances.

B.Antigenscantriggeranimmuneresponse.

C.Peoplewithantigensdonotsufferfromobviousresponses.

D.Thereisnodifferencebetweenanantigenandanallergen.

参考答案：B

根据文中第3段的第1句：“能够激发免疫反应的任何物质就可以称为抗原。”

而B项Antigenscantriggeranimmuneresponse.意思为抗原能够激发免疫

反应。据此可判断应选B项。

第35题:

Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Anantigenisanysubstancethattriggersanimmuneresponse.

B.Oneoftheimmunesystem'sprimaryfunctionsistheallergic

response.

C.Thehumanbodyisanappropriatehabitatformicrobes.

D.Thebasicfunctionoftheimmunesystemistodistinguishbetween

selfandnonself

参考答案：D

考察“本文主题思想”这类题的解答最好将本文的标题“免疫功能”与4个选项

结合起来考虑，先据此推断应从B项与D项来选择，然后根据B项和D项的内容

快速回原文查读，文中第2段第1句：”免疫系统的核心就是识别自我与非自我

的能力。"D项Thebasicfunctionoftheimmunesystemistodistinguish

betweenselfandnonself.免疫系统的基本功能就是鉴别自我与非自我。据此

可判断应选D项。

ElectronicTeaching

Thepotentialofclosed-circuittelevisionandothernew

electronicleachingtoolsissogreatthatitisfascinatingtovisualize

“theschooloftomorrow”.

Televisedlessonswilloriginatefromacentralbuildinghaving

perhapsfourorfivemasterstudios.Thelessonswillbecarriedinto

classroomsalloveracity,orevenanentirecountry.

Afteratelevisedlessonhasbeengiven,theclassroomteacher

willtakeoverfortireall-important〃follow-up"period.Thestudents

willaskanytroublesomequestions,anddifficultpointswillbecleared

upthroughdiscussion.

Theteacherintheclassroomwillhaveadditionalelectronictools.

13

Ontheteacher'sdesk,thetraditionalchalkanderaserswillhavebeen

replacedbyamultiple-controlpanelandmagnetictapeplayers.Thetape

machineswillrunpre-recordedlessonswhichpupilswillfollowby

headphones.Thelessonswillbespecificallygearedtothestudents"

levelsofability.Forinstance,whiletheclassasawholestudieshistory,

eachstudentwillreceiveanindividualhistorylesson,directedtohis

particularlevelofability.

Shouldquestionarise,thestudentswillbeabletotalkdirectly

totheteacheronindividualintercomswithoutdisturbingtherestofthe

class.Inthisway,theteacherwillheabletoconductasmanyasthree

classesatthesametime.

Withtherapiddevelopmentofcomputerscience,studentswillbe

aidedwithspeciallypreparedmulti-mediasoftwaretostudytheir

subjectsbetter.Homeworkwillpossiblybeassignedandhandedinvia

electronicmailsystem.Studentscaneventakeexaminationsontheir

computerlinkedwiththeteachersandgetthescoreinstantly.Theywill

getcertificatesordiplomasiftheypassalltherequiredexaminations.

Expertsbelievethatthistypeofeducationwillbeverypopularinthe

yearsahead.

第36题：

Lessonsbroadcastbytelevisionwillcomefrom

A.theschooloftomorrow

B.classrooms

C.bigbuildings

D.masterstudios

参考答案：D

细节题。根据是第二段第一句：Televisedlessonswilloriginatefroma

centralbuildinghavingperhapsfourorfivemasterstudios.电视课程

的信号会由一个拥有四到五个主播室的中心大楼发出。因此选D(master

studios)o

第37题:

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefunctionoftheteacherin

theteachingprocessistrue?

A.Theteacherwillnotneedtobeinvolved.

B.Theteacherwillstillhavetoplayanimportantrole,

C.Theteacherwillonlyneedtopressbuttons.

D.Theteacherwillbecompletelyreplacedbyelectronictools.

参考答案：B

细节题。根据是第三段第一句：Afteratelevisedlessonhasbeengiven,the

14

classroomteacherwilltakeoverfortheall-important"follow-up”

period.由此可知老师依然发挥重要的作用，和B选项内容一致。

第38题：

Whenhavinglessons,thestudentswill.

A.alwayslistentothesamepre-recordedlessonstogether

B.usuallyhaveindividuallessonsaccordingtotheirabilitylevels

C.controlthemultiple-controlpanelandmagnetictapeplayers

D.receiveface-to-faceinstructionsfromtheteacherinthesame

classroom

参考答案：B

细节题。根据是第四段第四句：Thelessonwillbespecificallygearedtothe

studentsrlevelsofability.课程完全是依据学生的能力水平而设置的。和

第四段第五句：Forinstance,whiletheclassasawholestudieshistory,

eachstudentwillreceiveanindividualhistorylesson,directedtohis

particularlevelofability.比如，当全班都在上历史课是,每个学生收听

的是依据他自己特定能力水平而设置的单个历史课。

第39题：

Iftherearequestions,thestudentswill.

A.talktotheteacherthrough"intercoms”

B.raisetheirhandsandwaitfortheanswer

C.discussthemwiththerestoftheclass

D.solvetheproblemsallbythemselves

参考答案：A

细节题。根据是第五段第一句：Shouldquestionarise,thestudentswillbe

abletotalkdirectlytotheteacheronindividualintercomswithout

disturbingtherestoftheclass,如果有问题，学生就会通过个人内部通话

系统直接和老师探讨，而不用打扰班级其他学生。

第40题：

Computerteachingwillhelpthestudyinthefollowingwaysexceptthat

A.teacherscangiveandcollecthomeworkusingelectronicmailsystem

B.examinationscanbeconductedoncomputersbetterthanonpaper

C.testscorescanbeobtainedsoonafterthetestistaken

D.certificatesordiplomasarerequiredifthestudentswanttopass

thetests

参考答案：D

15

细节题。根据最后一段第二句^Homeworkwillpossiblybeassignedandhanded

inviaelectronicmailsystem."及第三句"Studentscaneventake

examinationsontheircomputerlinkedwiththeteachers'andgetthescore

instantly."可以得知A、B、C均正确。根据最后一段第四句"Theywillget

certificatesordiplomasiftheypassalltherequiredexaminations.”

可知，D选项是不正确的。

AcceptanceofChronicIllness

Forchronicallyillpatients,givingupthehopethattheywill

getbettermayactuallyleadtomorehappiness,U.S.researcherssuggest.

“Hopeisanimportantpartofhappiness,butthere'sadarkside

ofhope.Sometimes,ifhopemakespeopleputoffgettingonwiththeir

life,itcangetinthewayofhappiness,〃Dr.PeterA.Ubelfromthe

UniversityofMichiganHealthSystemsaidinauniversitynewsrelease.

Heandhiscolleaguesstudiedpatientswhozdjusthada

colostomy（结肠造口术），whichmeanstheircolons（结肠）wereremovedand

theyhadtohavehowel（肠）movementsinapouch（小袋）outsidethebody.

Atthetimeofthesurgery,somepatientsweretoldtheprocedurewas

reversibleandthey'dhaveasecondoperationinafewmonthstoreconnect

theirbowels.Otherpatientsweretoldthecolostomywaspermanent.

Thepatientswerefollowedforsixmonths,andtheresearchers

foundthatthosewithouthopeofregainingnormalbowelfunctionwere

happierthanthosewithreversiblecolostomies.

〃Wethinktheywerehappierbecausetheygotonwiththeirlife.

Theyrealizedthecardstheyweredealt,andrecognizedthattheyhadno

choicebuttoplaywiththosecards,z/Ubelsaid."Theothergroupwas

waitingfortheircolostomytobereversed.Theycontrastedtheircurrent

lifewiththelifetheyhopedtolead,anddidn'tmakethebestoftheir

currentsituation.〃

Thestudy,publishedintheNovembereditionofHealth

Psychology,alsomayexplainwhypeoplewhosespousediesoftenrecover

betteremotionallyovertimethanthosewhogetdivorced,theresearchers

said.

That'sbecausepeoplewhosehusbandorwifedieshaveclosure

（结束），whilethosewhogetdivorcedmaystillhavehopeforsomechance

ofmakingup,theyexplained.

第41题:

Chronicallyillpatientsmaybehappier

A.iftheykeepthinkingoftheirpast.

B.iftheybelievethey，11recover.

C.iftheyputoffmovingon.

D.iftheymanagetogetonwiththeirlife.

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参考答案：D

短文第一段提到“对于慢性病的病人而言，放弃身体状况会变好的希望可能会使

他们更幸福”，故选D。

第42题:

Whathadhappenedtothepatientsunderstudy?

A.Theyhadjustsurvivedanaccident.

B.Theyhadjusthadanoperation.

C.Theyhadjustinjuredtheircolons,

D.Theyhadjustmadesomepouches.

参考答案：B

短文第三段提到“他和他的同事研究了刚刚做完结肠造口术的病人”，由此可见,

这些病人刚做过手术，故选B。

第43题：

Onegroupofthepatientswashappierbecause

A.theymadethebestoftheircurrentsituation.

B.theyweregoodatplayingcards.

C.theyregainednormalbowelfunction.

D.theywerepromisedanotheroperation.

参考答案：A

短文第五段第二句提到，“第一组（不开心的一组）在等待他们的结肠造口手术被

扭转，他们总是把现在的生活和他们想要的生活进行比较，没有很好地适应现在

的生活。”由此可推知，另一组病人之所以开心些是因为他们适应了现在的生活

分，故选A。

第44题：

Theothergroupwasnotashappybecause

A.theyacceptedtheircurrentsituation.

B.theywereanxioustogetbetter.

C.theymissedtheirpreviouslife.

D.theyrefusedtoplaycards.

参考答案：B

短文第五段第二句提到，“他们总是把现在的生活和他们想要的生活进行比较，

没有很好地适应现在的生活。”由此可推知，他们实际上是渴望早日康复，而现

状又不允许所以会不开心。故选B。

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第45题：

Whatcouldbethemessageofthepassage?

A.Givinguphopemeansgivinguph