高中一轮复习英语讲义选修七Module4MusicBorninAmerica

Module4MusicBorninAmerica一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．allowancen． 津贴，补助2．blousen. 女士宽松短衫，女衬衫3．bonusn. 没有预料到的好事4．boomv. 繁荣；兴起；迅速发展5．chequen. 支票[第二屏听写]6．consensusn． 共同意见，一致看法，共识7．consultantn. 顾问8．fancyadj. 新潮的9．frictionn. 不合，抵触；摩擦10．offshoreadv. 向海，离岸[第三屏听写]11．pacen． 速度，进度12．pensionn. 养老金；退休金；抚恤金13．pioneern. 先锋；创始人；先驱；开拓者14．swapv. 交换15．yellv. 叫喊，叫嚷Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第四屏听写]1．approachn． 方法；步骤2．arisev. (由……)引起(产生)3．begv. 请求，恳求4．budgetv. 制定预算，按预算来安排开支5．conventionaladj. 按惯例的；因袭的；传统的[第五屏听写]6．deadlinen． 截止时间，最后期限7．declinen. 衰退；下降；减少8．devotev. 为……付出时间/努力/金钱等9．emergev. 出现10．movementn. 运动[第六屏听写]11．neatadj. 整齐的，整洁的12．otherwiseadv. 否则，要不然13．part­timeadj. 部分时间的，兼职的14．protestn. 抗议15．quitv. 离开，辞去[第七屏听写]16．schedulen． 计划表，进度表，日程表17．techniquen. 技巧；手法18．tightadj. (控制)严格的，严密的19．touchv. 触动；感动；使动心20．virtuen. 美德[第八屏听写]21．harmonyn． 融洽，一致22．humorousadj. 幽默的23．migrantn. 移民24．superadj. 极好的，了不起的，超级的25．vainadj. 自负的，自视过高的[第九屏听写]26．be_blessed_with 有幸27．be_bored_with 厌烦28．be_devoted_to 对……专一，专注29．beg_for 乞求，请求30．e_out 出版31．far_from 完全不[第十屏听写]32．in_order 有序地33．make_an_impression_on_sb. 给某人留下印象34．rather_than 而不是35．side_by_side 并排；并肩36．take_advantage_of 利用37．try_out 尝试二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.allowancen．津贴，补助2.chequen.支票3.consensusn.共同意见，一致看法，共识4.consultantn.顾问5.frictionn.不合，抵触；摩擦6.pacen．速度，进度7.pensionn.养老金；退休金；抚恤金8.pioneern.先锋；创始人；先驱；开拓者9.swapv.交换10.yellv.叫喊，叫嚷Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.movementn.运动2.quitv.离开，辞去3.vainadj.自负的，自视过高的4.deadlinen.截止时间，最后期限5.tightadj.(控制)严格的，严密的6.virtuen.美德核心单词练通1.Afterthenewtechnique(技术)wasappliedtoproduction,thefactoryhasproducedtwiceasmanycarsasoverthesameperiodlastyear.2.Ourmoneyislimited,soIthinkthatweshouldbudget(制定预算)forthenextyear.3.Thefactoryhadtolayoffanumberofemployeesbecauseofeconomicdecline(衰退)inthecountry.4.Tonycan'thavereceivedtheinvitation.Otherwise(否则),hewouldhaveattendedyourbirthdaypartyyesterday.5.Muchtooursatisfaction,constructionofthenewhospitalisprogressingsmoothlyaccordingtoschedule(进度表)．6.Sofarthisyear,nomeasureshavebeentakenagainstcrueltytoanimalsdespitetheirprotest(抗议)inthenewspaper.7.Wewillbeexploringdifferentapproaches(方法)togatheringinformation.8.Atbreak,MrConnorgotdowntodealingwiththemattersarising(出现)fromhisclass.拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.touchv．触动；感动；使动心→touchedadj.感激的；受感动的→touchingadj.令人感动的2.harmonyn．融洽，一致→harmoniousadj.融洽的，和谐的3.devotev．为……付出时间/努力/金钱等→devotedadj.全心全意的，忠诚的，挚爱的→devotionn．献身；热爱4.begv．请求，恳求→beggarn．乞丐；穷人5.migrantn．移民→migratevi.移居，迁徙→migrationn．移居，迁徙6.humorousadj.幽默的→humour/humorn．幽默；幽默感7.conventionaladj.按惯例的；因袭的；传统的→conventionn．惯例；常规；习俗8.emergev．出现→emergencen．出现；显现→emergencyn．紧急情况；危急形势[用准用活]1.Swallowsmigrate(migrant)southinwinter.2.Emergency(emerge)lineoperatorsmustalwaysstaycalmandmakesurethattheygetalltheinformationtheyneedtosendhelp.3.People'slifehereisfullofharmonyandatthesametime,humansandnaturemakeaharmoniouspicture.(harmony)4.Theoldscientistisdevotedtostudyingspace,andthespiritofdevotiondeserveslearningfrom.Hesaidhewouldgoondevotinghimselftothesciencefield.(devote)5.Hehasagoodsenseofhumour/humorandalwaysactsinahumorousway.(humorous)6.ThetouchingsceneinthisfilmtouchedmyheartdeeplyandIwastouchedtotearsatlast.(touch)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.形容词后缀­ing归纳①refreshing令人耳目一新的②amusing引起乐趣的③entertaining使人愉快的④boring枯燥的⑤disgusting使人讨厌的⑥annoying讨厌的⑦embarrassing令人尴尬的⑧astonishing令人吃惊的2.“方法，步骤”名词大集合①approach方法；步骤②method方法，办法③means方法，手段④process步骤，程序3.decline想到的①表示“增加”：rise,increase,goup②表示“减少”：fall,drop,decrease,decline,godown4.­ous结尾形容词一览①humorous诙谐的，幽默的②ambiguous模糊不清的③curious好奇的④ambitious野心勃勃的⑤generous慷慨的，大方的⑥serious严肃的，认真的⑦various各种各样的(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.take_advantage_of利用2e_out出版3.side_by_side并排；并肩4.be_devoted_to对……专一，专注5.be_bored_with厌烦6.try_out尝试Myearliestmemoriesofmyfatherarethatheisatall,successfulmanwho①is_devoted_tohisworkandhisfamily,butunfortablewithhischildren.Threefamousbookswrittenbyhimhave②e_out.AsachildIlovedhim.He③was_bored_withseeingmeunlessIgotstraightA's.WheneverIwentoutwithhimonweekends,Iusedtostruggleto④try_outsomethingtosay,feelingonguard.第二组1.in_order有序地2.rather_than而不是3.be_blessed_with有幸；赋有，享有4.make_an_impression_on_sb.给某人留下印象5.beg_for乞求，请求6.far_from完全不，远离Halloween①makes_an_impression_onme,whichfallsonOctober31st,thelastdayoftheCelticcalendar.Duringthefestivities,poorcitizenswould②beg_forfoodtoprayforthefamily'sdeadrelatives.OnHalloween,tomakeghostsbe③far_fromtheirhouses,peoplewouldplacebowlsoffoodoutsidetheirhomestosatisfytheghostsandpreventthemfromtryingtoentertheirhouses.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“take＋n.＋prep.”短语大荟萃①takeadvantageof利用②takecareof照顾③takechargeof掌管④takepossessionof拥有⑤taketheplaceof代替⑥takeaninterestin产生兴趣2.“v.＋out”短语万花筒①tryout尝试②runout用完③workout算出；解决；锻炼④figureout算出；理解⑤leaveout省略，删去⑥pickout挑选；区别出(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.Atthebeginning,MCsoftenperformedforhours,repeatingwordsandphrasesandthenimprovising.起初，这些节目主持人常常表演数小时，重复同样的单词和短语，然后即兴表演。现在分词短语作伴随状语。乘船，你可以欣赏两岸的美丽风景。(2017·北京高考满分作文)Taking_a_ship,_youcanenjoythebeautifulsceneryonbothsidesofit.2.ThenexttimeIheardthesong,Iwasinthecinema,waitingforthefilmtostart.当我再次听到那首歌时，我正在电影院里等待电影开始。thenexttime在句中作复合连词，引导状语从句。下次你在海岸上看到大海时，记住你正在看的仅仅是大海的表面。The_next_time_you_look_at_the_oceanfromthebeach,rememberthatwhatyouareseeingisonlythesurface.3.Mymessageisthatitdoesn'tmatterifyou'reblack,white,fat,thin,oldandyoung...我想告诉大家的是，不管你是黑人还是白人，肥胖还是瘦小，年长还是年幼，这些都不重要……Itdoesn'tmatter...“……没有关系/不重要”。如果你觉得它们不容易也没有关系，因为它们对你来说可能有点难。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)It_doesn't_matterifyoufeelthemnoteasy,becausetheymaybeabitdifficultforyou.考点新组合阅读微技能Timhasahappyfamilywithallthemembers______(live)❶inharmony.Whenhewasaboy,hisparentstookfulladvantageoftheirfreetimetoteachhimwriting.Atfirst,hispositionwasfarfromsatisfactory.Butlaterhewasdevotedtoobservingandthinking.Asaconsequence,hisfirstnovelbeesabighit❷.Whenhewasinterviewed❸，heowedhissuccesstodiligenceratherthanintelligence.1.①处应填入单词的正确形式为living。2.②处的hit在此处意为“大获成功”。3.把句③改为省略形式。When_interviewed1．harmonyn．融洽，一致；协调(1)inharmonywith... 与……协调outofharmonywith... 与……不协调liveinharmony 和睦相处，和谐共处(2)harmoniousadj. 和谐的，和睦的；协调的[多角练透]单句语法填空①Wemustensuretourismdevelopsinharmonywiththeenvironment.②Whenchildrengrowup,theirideaswillbeoutofharmonywiththeirparents.③Youshouldcreateaharmonious(harmony)environmenttogetalongwithothers,whichcanhelpyougreatly.补全句子④Onlyifpeoplelive_in_harmonywitheachothercanwehaveastablesociety.只有人们彼此和谐共处，我们才能拥有安定的社会。2．devotev．为……付出时间/努力/金钱等(1)devoteone'slife/time/money/energyto(doing)sth. 把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力 奉献于/投入到(做)某事中devoteoneselfto(doing)sth. 献身于/致力于(做)某事(2)devotedadj. 忠诚的；挚爱的；全心全意的bedevotedto(doing)sth. 专心于/奉献于(做)某事(3)devotionn. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚[多角练透]单句语法填空①Heisadevoted(devote)fatherbecausehewasstrictwithhisdaughterandencouragedherwhenshewasintrouble.(2017·天津高考)②Idevotepartofmysparetimetoplaying(play)theviolineveryday.补全句子③Afterheretiredfromwork,hedevoted_himself_totheeducationinhishometown.退休后，他献身于家乡的教育事业。④Devoted_to_helpingthehomelesschildren,MotherTeresaearnedtherespectfromthepeopleallovertheworld.因为致力于帮助无家可归的孩子，特蕾莎修女赢得了全世界的人的尊重。3．farfrom完全不；离……远；一点也不，远非(1)farfrom＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(n.,being＋adj.)) eq\a\vs4\al(远远不是……；,一点也不……)farfromdoingsth. 决不会做某事(2)as/sofaras...beconcerned 就……而言sofar 到目前为止asfaras 远到，直到byfar (修饰比较级、最高级)……得多，最……[多角练透]补全句子①Yourresultsarefar_from_satisfactory.It'stimeforyoutodoubleyoureffort.你的成绩令人非常不满意，是你加倍努力的时候了。②As_far_as_he's_concerned,_whatotherpeoplethoughtwasnotthemostimportantthing.就他而言，其他人怎么想并不是最重要的事情。单句改错③Farfromhelpthesituation,youhavejustmadeitworse.help→helping4．ratherthan而不是eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(1woulddosth.ratherthandosth.,wouldratherdosth.thandosth.,prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.)) eq\a\vs4\al(宁愿做某事而,不愿做某事)(2)orrather 更确切地说otherthan 除……之外morethan 很，非常，超过，不仅仅是[多角练透]单句语法填空①Ratherthansit(sit)herewaiting,Ipreferto_go(go)tofindoutwhatonearthhashappened.②Mary,ratherthanyou,is(be)toblamefornotfinishingtheworkontime.补全句子③Sheenjoyssingingrather_than_dancing.她喜欢唱歌，而不喜欢跳舞。④ImethimverylateonFridaynight,or_rather,_earlySaturdaymorning.我在星期五晚上很晚见到了他，更确切地说是在星期六早晨早些时候。一句多译孩子们宁可骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。⑤Thechildrenwould_cycle_tothecountrysideratherthanstayindoorsalltheday.⑥Thechildrenprefer_to_cycle_tothecountrysideratherthanstayindoorsalltheday.⑦Thechildrenwould_rather_cycle_tothecountrysidethanstayindoorsalltheday.[名师指津]ratherthan连接两个名词或代词作主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。考点新组合阅读微技能Someexpertteachersintendedtohelpsolvetheproblemsarisinginourstudies.We______(tell)❶thatitdidn'tmatterhowlongwereadbookseverydaybutthat______❷reallymatteredwaswhichbooksweread.Atfirst,somestudentsdeclined❸toaccepttheiradvice.Butgraduallymoreandmorestudentsdidastheyhadinstructedandtheyperformedbetterthanever.1.①处应填入单词的正确形式为were_told。2.②处应填入的词为what。3.③处的decline意为“拒绝”，还可以用refused,_rejected替换。5．arisevi.(由……)引起(产生)；发生；出现；起身；起床[一词多义]写出下列句中arise的含义①Seeinghismotherreturnhome,theboyarosefromhischairimmediately.起身②Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingthreeyearsagobutruins.出现③Theyaroseatsunrisetogetanearlystarttothepark.起床④Itcan'tbetoocarefulwhiledriving.Accidentsoftenarisefromcarelessness.(由……)引起[辨析比较]arise,arouse,rise,raise原形词性、词义过去式过去分词现在分词arisevi.出现；发生；(由……)引起(产生)；起身；起床arosearisenarisingarousevt.唤醒；激起arousedarousedarousingrisevi.升起；起身；增长；上升roserisenrisingraisevt.举起；抚养；提高；饲养raisedraisedraising选用以上单词填空⑤Somelearningdifficultiesarisefromthewaychildrenaretaughtatschool.⑥Sheraisedherfingertoherlipsasasignforsilence.⑦Thehousingpriceskeeprisinginspiteofthegovernment'sregulations.⑧Hisremarknotonlybroketheice,butarousedeveryone'sinterest.6．declinen．&v．衰退；下降；减少；谢绝，婉拒(1)beindecline 处于下降/衰退中onthedecline 在衰退；在没落中；在消减(2)declinetodosth. 谢绝/拒绝做某事[多角练透]单句语法填空①Shedeclinedto_have(have)lunchwithherfriend,sayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.②Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10%lastyearto5million.补全句子③However,theeconomicgrowthrateofChinawason_the_declinelastyear.(2017·江苏高考满分作文)然而去年中国经济增长率在下降。[名师指津]表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度常用介词by，后面常跟百分数；表示“增加到”或“减少到”常用介词to，后面常跟具体数字。7．Itdoesn'tmatter(tosb.)＋从句Mymessageisthatit_doesn't_matterifyou'reblack,white,fat,thin,oldandyoung...我想告诉大家的是，不管你是黑人还是白人，肥胖还是瘦小，年长还是年幼，这些都不重要……Itdoesn'tmatter(tosb.)＋从句，意为“……(对某人来说)没有关系/不要紧”。①Solongasyouarehappy,it_doesn't_matterhowmuchIwillsuffer.只要你幸福，我受多少苦都不要紧。(1)Itmattersalot/agreatdeal＋从句 ……非常重要Itdoesn'tmatter. (口语)没关系。Whatmattersis... 重要的是……(2)amatterof... ……的问题asamatteroffact 实际上，事实上What'sthematter? (口语)怎么了？tomakemattersworse 更糟糕的是②It_matters_a_lot/a_great_deal_whetheryouwilltakepartinherbirthdaypartyornot.你是否参加她的生日晚会非常重要。③There'snoreasontobedisappointed.As_a_matter_of_fact,_thiscouldberatheramusing.你没有理由失望。事实上，这可能会非常有趣。④Thecarhadbrokendown,andto_make_matters_worse,_itwasbeginningtorain.车子坏了，更糟糕的是，天开始下起雨来。[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Heisahumorous(humor)personandoftentellsusjokes.2．Shechoosestohaveahaircutforarefreshing(refresh)start.3．Tryingtopersuadehimtoquitsmoking(smoke)wasinvain,becausehecontinuedtosmokewhenwewerenotathome.4．Plasticshavetakentheplaceofmanyconventional(convention)materials.5．Afterhismother'sdeath,hissisterhelpedhimtoputhishouseinorder.6．Ifyouhavesocialtechniques(technical),youmayknowhowtofindsomethingyouhaveinmonwithothers,especiallystrangers.7．PeopleusedtothinkthattheChinesewerenotashealthyandfitasthepeopleinthewest,butfactshaveprovedthatthat'sfarfromthecase.8．Conceptcarsareawayfordesignerstotryouttheirideasonthepublicwithpletefreedom.9．Ratherthanallowthevegetablestogobad,hepreferredtosellthemathalfprice.10．Inthemid­1970s,peoplewereboredwiththepopmusicoftheday,anddiscomusicandrockmusicwerebothindecline.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Theteamleaderdeclinedacceptmysuggestionwithoutthinking.declined后加to_2．Busyasthemanis,hedevoteseveryweekendtostaywithhiswifeandchildren.stay→staying_3．Hisnewbookaboutthegenerationgapwillbeeoutnextweek.去掉be_4．Aswellaswritestories,Ilovereadingandlisteningtomusic.write→writing_5．Misunderstandingsarisenfromlackofsocialmunication,unlesshandledproperly,mayleadtoseriousproblems.arisen→arising_Ⅲ.根据提示词补全句子1．你昨天的所作所为与我们的计划不一致。(harmony)Whatyoudidyesterdaywasout_of_harmony_withourplan.2．家长们应该积极鼓励孩子们充分利用加入运动队的机会。(takeadvantageof)Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrentotake_full_advantage_of_the_opportunity_to_joinsportsteams.3．除了为当地的慈善机构募捐，这家公司也为那些处于困难中的人提供必要的帮助。(aswellas)As_well_as_raising/collecting_moneyforthelocalcharity,thepanyprovidesnecessaryhelpforthoseinneedaswell.4．我们看不看那部电影对我来说无所谓——反正我已经看过了。(itdoesn'tmatter)It_doesn't_matter_to_me_ifwedon'tseethefilm—I'veseenitalreadyanyway.5．今年我们学校学生的数量下降到了3000。(decline)Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolhas_declined_to3,000thisyear.Ⅳ.句型转换/一句多译1．Theyoungladydevotesherselftoteachingthedeafchildrenandshehaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.→Devoting_herself_to_teachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(现在分词短语作状语)→Devoted_to_teachingthedeafchildren,theyoungladyhaslittletimetocareforherowndaughter.(过去分词短语作状语)2．我宁愿步行去那里而不愿意坐车去。①Iwould_go_thereonfootratherthantakeabus.②Iprefer_to_go_thereonfootratherthantakeabus.③Iwould_rather_go_thereonfootthantakeabus.[高考拆组训练]阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2018·宁夏银川市重点中学高三模拟)Belgiumisthelandofmusicfestivals.Therearerock,pop,world,electronicmusicfestivalsandmore,soyou'resuretofindafestivalthatsuitsyourtaste.GroezrockGroezrockcouldbeconsideredtheopenerofthefestivalseasoninBelgium.Thisfestivalgrewfromasmalleventtoaninternationalfestivalthathad33,000visitorsin2016.Ifyou'reintotheharderstuff(东西),thisiswhereyouneedtogo.When?April29－30,2017.Where?Meerhout.Music?Punk,emo,skaandrockinallitsvariations.Free?No.SfinksMixedSfinksisaworldmusicfestivalthatfocusesonbringingculturetogether.Therearealsoplentyofthingstodobesideswatchingtheperformances.Goodtoknowforfamilies:Sfinksisakid­friendlyfestival,withworkshops,storytellingandperformancesaimedatchildren.When?July27－30,2017.Where?Boechout.Music?World.Free?Thefestivalisfree;thecampingisnot.GraspopMetalMeetingIfGroezrockdoesn'tseemroughenoughtoyou,GraspopMetalMeetingmight.Asthenamesays,thisfestivalisallaboutmetal,rockandpunk.In2016thefestivalreceived140,000visitorswhocametowatchthemorethan100bandsperforming.When?June16－18,2017.Where?Dessel.Music?Metal.Free?No.GenkonStageGenkonStageisapopmusicalwithnotonlyalotofBelgianartists,butalsosomeinternationalnames.80,000peopleattendedGenkonStagein2016.When?June23－25,2017.Where?Genk.Music?Pop.Free?Yes.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。作者推介了比利时几个重要的音乐节。)1．Whichmaykickoff(开始)thefestivalseasoninBelgium?A．Groezrock. B．SfinksMixed.C．GraspopMetalMeeting. D．GenkonStage.解析：选A细节理解题。根据Groezrock部分中的“GroezrockcouldbeconsideredtheopenerofthefestivalseasoninBelgium.”可知，Groezrock拉开了比利时音乐节的序幕。2．WhatdoweknowaboutSfinksMixed?A．Itenjoysworldwidepopularity.B．It'smainlytargetedatkids.C．Itbinesfunwithculture.D．Itfeaturescertaintypesofmusic.解析：选C细节理解题。根据SfinksMixed部分中的“Sfinksisaworldmusicfestivalthatfocusesonbringingculturetogether.Therearealsoplentyofthingstodo...”可知，该音乐节将娱乐和文化结合在一起。3．Wherearecrazymetalmusicenthusiastsmostlikelytogo?A．Meerhout. B．Boechout.C．Genk. D．Dessel.解析：选D推理判断题。根据GraspopMetalMeeting部分中的“IfGroezrockdoesn'tseemroughenoughtoyou,GraspopMetalMeetingmight.”“thisfestivalisallaboutmetal,rockandpunk”可知，对于狂热的金属乐爱好者，GraspopMetalMeeting可能更适合他们；再结合下文的“Where?Dessel.”可知举办地是Dessel，故选D。B(2018·陕西省西安八校高三联考)MyelderbrotherStevegavemeimportantlessonsinvaluesthathelpedmegrowintoanadultafterourfatherdiedwhenIwassix.Forinstance,Stevetaughtmetofacetheresultsofmybehavior.OncewhenIreturnedintearsfromaSaturdaybaseballgame,Stevetooktimetoaskmewhathadhappened.WhenIexplainedthatmybaseballhadbrokenMrs.Holt'sbasementwindow,Steveencouragedmetoconfesstoit.Afterall,Ishouldhavebeenplayingintheparkandnotinthepathbetweenbuildings.AlthoughmykneesknockedasIexplainedtoMrs.Holt,Iofferedtopayforthewindowifshewouldreturnmyball.IalsolearnedfromStevethatpersonalproperty(财产)isasacredthing.AfterIfoundashinysilverpeninmyfifth­gradeclassroom,Iwantedtokeepit,butSteveexplainedthatitmightbeimportanttosomeoneelse.Ireturnedthepentomyteacher,Mrs.Davids,andshepraisedme.YetofalltheinstructionsStevegaveme,hisrespectforlifeisthemostvividinmymind.WhenIwastwelve,IkilledanoldbrownsparrowintheyardwithaBBgun.Excitedwithmyaccuracy,IscreamedtoStevetoefromthehousetotakealook.Ishallneverforgetthewayhestoodforalongmomentandstaredatthebirdontheground.Theninadead,quietvoice,heasked,“Didithurtyoufirst,Mark？”Ididn'tknowwhattoanswer.Hecontinuedwithhiseyesfirm,“Theonlytimeyoushouldeventhinkofhurtingalivingthingiswhetherithurtsyoufirst.Andthenyouthinkalong,longtime.”Ireallyfeltterriblethen,butthatmomentstandsoutasthemostimportantlessonmybrothertaughtme.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了“我”的哥哥陪伴“我”成长的经历：他鼓励“我”勇于承担打碎窗户的责任；向老师送回捡到的钢笔；他还教育“我”尊重生命。4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“confess”inParagraph2mean?A．Cover. B．Admit.C．Deny. D．Agree.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“WhenIexplainedthatmybaseballhadbrokenMrs.Holt'sbasementwindow,Steveencouragedmeto”和下文内容可知，“我”玩棒球时打碎了Holt夫人家的窗户，哥哥鼓励“我”向Holt夫人承认错误。据此可以判断，画线词意为“承认”，故B项正确。5．HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenhefacedMrs.Holt?A．Hewasunwilling.B．Hefeltfrightened.C．Heappearedchallenging.D．Hewaslight­hearted.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段的“AlthoughmykneesknockedasIexplainedtoMrs.Holt,Iofferedtopayforthewindowifshewouldreturnmyball.”可知，“我”在向Holt夫人解释情况时双腿打颤。据此可知“我”很害怕，故B项正确。6．Whichwasthemostimportantlessontheauthorlearnedfromhisbrother?A．Careforthepropertyofothers.B．Thevalueofhonesty.C．Responsibilityforone'sactions.D．Respectforlivingthings.解析：选D细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句可知，在所有的教育中，最令“我”难忘的是哥哥对生命的尊重，故D项正确。7．Whattechniquedoestheauthormainlyusetoorganizethetext?A．Timeorder. B．Causeandeffect.C．Examples. D．Logicalreasoning.解析：选C写作手法题。通读第二段可知，文章列举了哥哥鼓励“我”勇于承担打碎窗户的责任、向老师送回捡到的钢笔这两件事，说明哥哥教育“我”要对自己的行为负责；通读第三段可知，哥哥教育“我”要尊重生命。据此可以判断，本文通过举例法组织全文，故C项正确。C(2018·成都市高中毕业班诊断性检测)Wouldn'titbewonderfultotraveltoaforeigncountrywithouthavingtoworryabouttheheadacheofmunicatinginadifferentlanguage?InarecentarticlefromTheWallStreetJournal,technologypolicyexpertAlecRossarguedthat,withinadecadeorso,we'llbeabletomunicatewithoneanotherviasmallearpieceswithbuilt­inmicrophones.That'sbecausetechnologicalprogressisextremelyrapid.It'sonlyamatteroftime.Indeed,someparentsaresoconvincedthatthistechnologyisimminentthatthey'rewonderingiftheirkidsshouldevenlearnasecondlanguage.It'struethatanincreaseinthequantityandaccuracyofthedataloadedintoputerswillmakethemclevererattranslating“Noesbuenodormirmucho”as“It'snotgoodtosleeptoomuch”.Replacingawordwithitsequivalent(对应词)inthetargetlanguageisactuallythe“easypart”ofatranslator'sjob.Buteventhisseemstobeadiscouragingtaskforputers.It'ssodifficultforputersbecausetranslationdoesn't—orshouldn't—involvesimplytranslatingwords,sentencesorparagraphs.Rather,it'sabouttranslatingmeaning.Andinordertoinfermeaningfromaspecificexpression,humanshavetointerpretamassofinformationatthesametime.Thinkaboutalltherelatedcluesthatgointounderstandinganexpression:volume,gesture,situation,andevenyourculture.Allarelikelytoconveyasmuchmeaningasthewordsyouuse.Therefore,weshouldbeveryskepticalofamachinethatisunabletointerprettheworldaroundus.Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanoffendeachotherwithoutrealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter?Unlessengineersactuallyfindawaytobreatheasoulintoaputer,undoubtedlywhenitestoconveyingandinterpretingmeaningusinganaturallanguage,amachinewillneverfullytakeourplace.语篇解读：技术专家说随着技术的进步，即时翻译机器将在十年左右在市场上出现。但是，由于翻译包括很多方面，因此电脑翻译不会精确，也不会完全取代人类的翻译。8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“imminent”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Ready. B．Approaching.C．Helpful. D．Advanced.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句的前一句“It'sonlyamatteroftime.”并结合第二段的第一句可知，这种产品在十年左右会在市场上出现，再结合画线词后的“thatthey'rewonderingiftheirkidsshouldevenlearnasecondlanguage”可以判断，这种产品即将出现，家长们在考虑他们的孩子是否要学习一门外语。据此可知，画线词意为“即将发生的，临近的”，故B项正确。9．Whyisithardforputerstoreplaceawordwithitsequivalent?A．Theirdataisnotadequateenough.B．Therealmeaningofwordscanvary.C．Theiraccuracyneedsbigimprovement.D．Asoulhasn'tbeenbreathedinthem.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段的“It'ssodifficultforputersbecausetranslationdoesn't—orshouldn't...paragraphs.”并结合第五段的内容可知，由于一个词的意思可能有很多，电脑难以用某个对应词代替这个词，故B项正确。10．Whatviewdoestheauthorholdabouttranslation?A．Propertranslationcanbetoughforhumans.B．Slightdistinctionsmatterlittleintranslation.C．Somemachineswillinterpretourworldproperly.D．Culturesdeservemoreattentionthanwordsused.解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Ifpeoplefromdifferentculturescanoffendeachotherwithoutrealizingit,howcanweexpectamachinetodobetter？”可知，来自不同文化背景的人会互相冒犯却没有意识到；据此可以判断，由于文化背景不同，正确的翻译对于人来讲是很困难的，故A项正确。11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．AnExpert'sPrecisePredictionB．TheplexityofTranslationC．WhoWillBeaBetterTranslatorD．WillLanguageBarrierActuallyFall解析：选D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了未来的一种即时翻译机器，但是同时提出由于语言中有许多对应词，这种机器无法精确翻译，另外因为文化背景的不同，有时人们自己也无法精确地翻译。据此可以判断，作者旨在说明在将来能否消除语言障碍，故D项为最佳标题。D(2018·沈阳市高中三年级教学质检)You'llprobablynevergotoMarsorsingonthestagewiththeRollingStones.Butifvirtualreality(VR)everlivesuptoitspromise,youmightbeabletodoallthesethings—andmanymore—withoutevenleavingyourhome.Unlikerealreality,virtualrealitymeanssimulating(模仿)bitsofourworld.Apartfromgamesandentertainment,it'slongbeenusedfortrainingairlinepilotsandsurgeonsandforhelpingscientiststofigureoutplexproblemssuchasthestructureofproteinmolecules.Thenhowdoesitwork?Closeyoureyesandthinkofvirtualrealityandyouprobablypicturesomethinglikethis:amanwearingawrap­aroundheadsetanddatagloveswiredintoapowerfulworkstationorsuperputer.WhatdistinguishesVRfromanordinaryputerexperienceisthenatureoftheinputandoutput.Whereanordinaryputerusesthingslikeakeyboard,mouse,orspeechrecognitionforinput,VRusessensorsthatdetecthowyourbodyismoving.AndwhereaPCdisplaysoutputonascreen,VRusestwoscreens(oneforeacheye),surround­soundspeakers,andmaybesomeformsoftouchandbodyfeedbackaswell.VRhasbeenroutinelyusedbyscientists,doctors,dentists,engineers,architects,archaeologists,andthemilitaryforaboutthelast30years.Difficultanddangerousjobsarehardtotrainfor.Howcanyousafelypracticetakingatriptospace,makingaparachutejump,orcarryingoutbrainsurgery?Allthesethingsareobviouscandidatesforvirtualrealityapplications.Likeanytechnology,virtualrealityhasbothgoodandbadpoints.Criticsalwaysraisetheriskthatpeoplemaybeaddictedtoalternativerealitiestothepointofignoringtheirreal­worldlives—butthatcriticismhasbeenleveledateverythingfromradioandTVtoputergamesandtheInternet.Likemanytechnologies,VRtakeslittleornothingawayfromtherealworld:youdon'thavetouseitifyoudon'twantto.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了“虚拟现实”的工作原理、在不同领域的应用以及人们对这一技术的评价。12．Whatequipmentdoweneedforvirtualreality?A．Akeyboard,aheadsetandasuperputer.B．Aheadset,dataglovesandasuperputer.C．Aheadset,dataglovesandaspeechrecognition.D．Akeyboard,amouseandaspeechrecognition.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“youprobablypicturesomethinglikethis:aman...workstationorsuperputer”可知“虚拟现实”所需要的硬件设备有耳机、数据手套和超级电脑，故B项正确。13．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Theadvantagesofvirtualreality.B．Theinfluencesofvirtualreality.C．Theimportanceofvirtualreality.D．Theapplicationsofvirtualreality.解析：选D段落大意题。通读第三段可知，第三段最后一句“Allthesethingsareobviouscandidatesforvirtualrealityapplications.”为该段的主题句，据此可知，该段主要介绍了“虚拟现实”在各个领域的应用，故D项正确。14．Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardsVR?A．Cautious. B．Appreciative.C．Doubtful. D．Uninterested.解析：选B观点态度题。本文第一段介绍了“虚拟现实”的作用；第三段介绍了“虚拟现实”在各个领域的应用；文章最后一句给出了作者的观点：正如许多技术一样，“虚拟现实”不