黑龙江省齐齐哈尔2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题【含答案】

齐齐哈尔市部分地区高三上学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmanystudentsarethereinthewoman’sclass?A.50.B.40.C.48.2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A.Seeafilm.B.Getsomethingtoeat.C.Goshopping.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Besideabookstore.B.Insideastadium.C.Outsideagallery.4.Whydoesthemangotothebank?A.Toapplyforacreditcard.B.Toopenacheckingaccount.C.Tostartasavingsaccount.5.Whatdoesthewomanimply?A.Shedoesn’tlikechemistry.B.Appliedmathisverydifficult.C.Shelikesdrinkingtea.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatdidthewomandolastnight?A.Sheattendedameeting.B.Shejoinedaclub.C.Sheboughtsomefurniture.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’sproposal?A.Unreasonable.B.Practical.C.Creative.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whydoesthewomanwanttogetupearly?A.Tohaveanearlybreakfast.B.Togojogging.C.Toseeherparentsaround7:00a.m.9.WhatwillthespeakersdoonSundaymorning?A.Makeplans.B.Sleeplate.C.Seeaplay.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.WhatisMarylookingfor?A.TheStudentUnionbuilding.B.Astudentapartment.C.Thestudentdormitory.11.WhatdoesSammajorin?A.Psychology.B.Medicine.C.Business.12.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?A.SamhasjustarrivedintheStates.B.Thespeakersknoweachotherwell.C.Marylivesoutsidetheschool.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whatkindofpartywillthegirlhave?A.Anice-skatingparty.B.Apoolparty.C.Aroller-skatingparty.14.Whowillthegirlinvitetoherparty?A.Mike’sfriend.B.Kelly.C.Melinda.15.Whatistheboy’sadviceabout?A.Howtodecorateaplace.B.Wheretorentwinteranimals.C.Howmuchtospend.16.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Neighbors.C.Brotherandsister.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whendidthespeakerbuyhistickets?A.Threemonthsinadvance.B.Threeweeksinadvance.C.Fivetotendaysinadvance.18.Howmuchdoesaguidegenerallypayforaplaneticket?A.Halfoftheregularfare.B.Onequarteroftheregularfare.C.Two-thirdsoftheregularfare.19.Wherecanseniorandyouthpassesbeused?A.InEurope.B.InIndia.C.InJapan.20.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Howtobuytraintickets.B.Howtotravelforless.C.Howtotravelonaplane.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。AThemostcommonformsoflivestreammarketingOnlineMarketplacesOnlinemarketplaceslikeTaobaoandJingdongallowuserstobuyandsellproductswithouteverleavingtheirhomes.Buttheadditionoflivevideostreamingisprovingvitaltokeepbuyersinterested.Why?Byaddinglivestreamingtotheplatform,thesemarketplacescandelivertheclosestpossibleexperienceto“beingthere”foronlinebuyers.Real-timeinteractivityofferstheurgencyofarealmarketplace,urgingimmediateactionandimprovingcommunityparticipation.LiveAuctions(拍卖)Livestreamingopensuptheauctionitemstothoseunabletophysicallyattend,reachesparticipantswithvaryinginterestsandensuresthateachitemsellsatitspropervaluation.Onlineauctionsarebigbusiness,andreal-timevideodeliveryiscritical.Whetherauctioningoffpetsorfineart,anydelayinalivestreamcouldpreventbids(出价)frombeingrecordedproperly.Severalmillisecondscantranslatetobillionsofdollars.InfluencerStreamingToday’scelebritiesaren’tnecessarilyonthebigscreen.Anincreasingnumberofstarsrisetofameviasocialmediaeachday.Withalargenumberoffaithfulfans,influencerscanusetheirpersonalbrandandthepoweroflivestreamingtopromotetheirfavoriteproductsinaninteractiveway.Influencerstreamingoriginatedonsocialmedia,buthasnowbecomecommonplaceacrosse-businesssitesaswell.LiveEventsNewsworthyevents,suchasproductlaunchesandlimitededitiondrops,increasethepopularityoflivestreammarketing.Today,shoppablemobilestreamingallowsfanstopurchaseitemsinrealtimefromthecatwalks(T型走秀台)ofLouisVuittonandVictoria’sSecret.1.Howdoeslivevideostreamingaffectonlinemarketplaces?A.Itmakesgoodsmorepopular.B.Itkeepsshopownersinterested.C.Itoffersarealexperienceofofflineshopping.D.Itmakesonlineshoppingmorelikeofflineshopping.2.Whatcanweknowaboutonlineauctions?A.Theybringconvenienceforpeoplephysicallyattending.B.Theymakesurethateveryitemcanfinallybesoldonline.C.TheymakeitnecessarytohavehighspeedInternetaccess.DTheyprovideopportunitiesofmakinggreatfortuneovernight.3.WhichworksastheeasiestwayforInternetcelebritiesgettingintoe-business?A.OnlineMarketplaces. B.InfluencerStreaming.C.LiveAuctions. D.LiveEvents.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了四种最常见的直播营销形式。1题详解】细节理解题。根据OnlineMarketplaces中的“Byaddinglivestreamingtotheplatform,thesemarketplacescande-livertheclosestpossibleexperienceto“beingthere”foronlinebuyers.Real-timeinteractivityofferstheurgencyofarealmarketplace,urgingimmediateactionandimprovingcommunityparticipation.(通过在平台上添加直播，这些市场可以为在线买家提供尽可能接近“现场”的体验。实时互动提供了一个真实市场的紧迫性，敦促立即采取行动并提高社区参与度)”可知，视频直播让网上购物更像线下购物。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据LiveAuctions部分中“On-lineauctionsarebigbusiness,andreal-timevideodeliveryiscritical.Whetherauctioningoffpetsorfineart,anydelayinalivestreamcouldpreventbids（出价）frombeingrecordedproperly.Severalmillisecondscantranslatetobillionsofdollars.(在线拍卖是一项大业务，而实时视频传输至关重要。无论是拍卖宠物还是艺术品，直播中的任何延迟都可能会妨碍对竞价的正确记录。几毫秒可以转化为数十亿美元)”可知，在线拍卖使得高速互联网接入成为必要。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据InfluencerStreaming部分中“Anincreasingnumberofstarsrisetofameviasocialmediaeachday.(每天都有越来越多的明星通过社交媒体成名。有了大量的忠实粉丝，有影响力的人可以利用他们的个人品牌和直播的力量，以互动的方式推广他们喜爱的产品)”可知，网络名人进入电子商务最简单的方法通过流媒体。故选B。BHavingworkedata7-Elevenstorefortwoyears,IthoughtIhadbecomesuccessfulatwhatourmanagercalls“customerrelations”.Ifirmlybelievedthatafriendlysmileandanautomatic“sir”,“ma’ma”,and“thankyou”wouldseemethroughanysituationthatmightarise,fromcomfortingimpatientorunpleasantpeopletoapologizingforgivingoutthewrongchange.Buttheothernightanoldwomanshatteredmybeliefthatasimpleandplainresponsecouldsmoothovertheroughspotsofdealingwithallkindsofcustomers.Themomentsheentered,thewomanpresentedasharpcontrasttoourshinystorewithitsbrightlightingandneatlyarrangedshelves.Walkingasifeachstepwerepainful,sheslowlypushedopentheglassdoorandhobbled(蹒跚)downthenearestaisle.Shecougheddryly,wheezing(气喘吁吁)witheachbreath.Onaforty-degreenight,shewaswearingonlyafadeddress,athinsweatertoosmalltobutton,andblackslipperswiththebackscutouttoexposecalloused(满是老茧的)heels.Therewerenostockingsorsocksonherblue-veinedlegs.Afterwanderingaroundthestoreforseveralminutes,theoldwomanstoppedinfrontoftherowsofcannedvegetables.Shepickedupacanofcornandstaredwithastrangeintensityatthelabel.Atthatpoint,Idecidedtobeagood,politeemployeeandaskedherifsheneededhelp.AsIstoodclosetoher,mysmilebecamehardertomaintain;herred-rimmedeyeswerepartiallyclosedbyyellowishcrusts(痂);herhandswerecoveredwithlayeruponlayerofdirt,andtheunpleasantsmellofsweatrosefromclothes.

“Ineedsomefood,”shemutteredinreplytomybright“CanIhelpyou?”“Areyoulookingforcorn,ma’am?”“Ineedsomefood,”sherepeated,“Anykind.”“Well,thecornisninety-fivecents,”Isaidinmymosthelpfulvoice.“Ican’tpay,”shesaid.

Forasecond,Iwantedtosay,“Takethecorn.”Buttheemployeerulesfloodedintomymind:Remainpolite,butdonotletcustomersgetthebestofyou.Letthemknowthatyouareincontrol.Foramoment,Ievenentertainedtheideathatthiswassomesortoftest,andthatthiswomanwassomeonefromtheheadoffice,testingmyloyalty.Irespondeddutifully,“I’msorry,butIcan’tgiveawayanythingforfree.”Theoldwoman’sfacecollapsedabitmore,andherhandstrembledassheputthecanbackontheshelf.Shedraggedherfeetpastmetowardthedoor,hertornanddirtyclothingbarelycoveringherbentback.

Momentsaftersheleft,Irushedoutofthedoorwiththecanofcorn,butshewasnowhereinsight.Fortherestofmyshift,theimageofthewomanhauntedme.Ihadbeenyoung,healthyandproud.Shehadbeenold,sickanddesperate.WishingwithallmyheartthatIhadactedlikeahumanbeingratherthanarobot,Iwassaddenedtorealizehowweakaholdwehaveonourbetterinstincts.4.Howdidthewriterfeelabouthisjobat7-Elevenbeforetheoldwomancame?A.Hefoundroomforimprovementindevelopingcustomerrelations.B.Hewasquitesatisfiedwithhisservicemanner.C.Heconsideredhimselfsuccessfulindealingwithallinterpersonalrelations.D.Hethoughthimselfinexperiencedafterworkinginthestorefortwoyears.5.Thedetailedaccountoftheoldwomanisintendedtoshow________.A.howshepresentedasharpcontrasttotheothercustomersB.howshesurprisedthewriterwithherunusualappearanceC.howsick,pooranddesperateforhelpshewasD.howinappropriateitwasforhertoenteraplacelikethis6.Whydidthewriterrefusetoofferfreefoodtotheoldwoman?A.Becausehethoughtitasanentertainment.B.Becausehewantedtopassthetesttoshowhisloyalty.C.Becausetheoldwomanwasaheadofficial.D.Becausehisinstinctgavewaytotheemployeerules.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Whatfor. B.HowCome. C.IfOnly. D.NeverEver.【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章中作者讲述了自己在工作中严守员工规定，但却忽视了人类的本性，没有对需要帮助的人伸出援手，这让作者后悔不已。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Havingworkedata7-Elevenstorefortwoyears,IthoughtIhadbecomesuccessfulatwhatourmanagercalls“customerrelations”.(在一家7-11商店工作了两年后，我认为自己在我们经理所说的“客户关系”方面取得了成功)”可知，起初在7-11商店工作时，作者认为自己在所谓的“客户关系”方面取得了成功。由此可知，在老妇人来之前，在7-11工作时，作者对自己的服务态度很满意。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Shecougheddryly,wheezing(气喘吁吁)witheachbreath.Onaforty-degreenight,shewaswearingonlyafadeddress,athinsweatertoosmalltobutton,andblackslipperswiththebackscutouttoexposecalloused(满是老茧的)heels.(她干咳着，每次呼吸都气喘吁吁。在一个华氏40度的夜晚，她只穿了一件褪色的连衣裙，一件太小而扣不上纽扣的薄毛衣，以及一双黑色的拖鞋，拖鞋的后部被磨破，露出长满老茧的脚后跟)”可知，通过干咳的动作可以得知老人身体不好，通过老人不得体的穿着可以得知她很贫穷，希望得到别人的帮助。由此推知，对这位老妇人的详细描述是为了展示她病得有多重、多穷、多渴望帮助。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Forasecond,Iwantedtosay,“Takethecorn.”Buttheemployeerulesfloodedintomymind:Remainpolite,butdonotletcustomersgetthebestofyou.Letthemknowthatyouareincontrol.Foramoment,Ievenentertainedtheideathatthiswassomesortoftest,andthatthiswomanwassomeonefromtheheadoffice,testingmyloyalty.Irespondeddutifully,“I’msorry,butIcan’tgiveawayanythingforfree.”(有一秒钟，我想说：“去拿玉米。”但员工规则充斥在我的脑海里：保持礼貌，但不要让顾客占你的便宜。让他们知道你在掌管这里。有一段时间，我甚至认为这是一种测试，这个女人是来自领导办公室的人，测试我的忠诚。我尽职尽责地回答：“对不起，我不能免费赠送任何东西。”)”可知，作者拒绝为老妇人提供免费的食物是因为他的本能让位于员工规则。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段关键句“WishingwithallmyheartthatIhadactedlikeahumanbeingratherthanarobot,Iwassaddenedtorealizehowweakaholdwehaveonourbetterinstincts.(我发自内心地希望自己的行为像一个人，而不是一个机器人。当我意识到我们对更好的本能的控制是多么脆弱时，我很难过)”可知，作者讲述了自己在工作中严守员工规定，但却忽视了人类的本性，没有对需要帮助的人伸出援手，这让作者后悔不已，“IfOnly”意为“要是……多好”，选项能够概括文章主旨，表达了作者悔恨的心情，希望能够重新拥有人类善良的本性。故选C项。CRemovinggenderbiasTailorsworkedoutlongagothatmenandwomenhavedifferentshapes.Yetthismessagehasfailedtoentermanyotherareasofdesign.Carseatbelts,forexample,whichdatebacktothe1880s,areoftenstillmoresuitableformen,whotendtositfartherbackthanwomenwhendriving.Andtodaythemostforward-lookingtechcompaniesonEartharestillplacingold-schoolbias(偏见；成见)intonewproducts.Considersmartphones.Mostaretoobigtofitcomfortablyintotheaveragewoman’shand,asaremanyvideo-gamecontrollers.Anobviouspartoftheexplanationfortheirdesignproblemisthatmencontrolmostofitscompanies—male-runfirmsreceive82%ofventure-capital(VC)funding.Malebossesmaybeunawareoftheproblemswomenface.Theymaynotflagupobviousareasofconcern,orasktherightquestionswhendoingtheirresearchforanewproductdesign.Andonceanideagetsthegreenlight,itwillthenbehandledbyproduct-designandengineeringteams,three-quartersofwhosemembersaremen.Theseteamsoftenusedatatomakedecisions,butmixingalluserstogethermeanstheymayfailtospottrendsbasedonsexdifferences.Dependenceonhistoricaldata,andthelackofdataonunderrepresentedgroups,canalsocreatebiasinalgorithms(算法).Nextcomestesting.Naturally,designerstestoriginalmodelsontheirintendedcustomers,buttheymaynotgetfeedbackfromabroadenoughgroupofpeople.Thereisalsotheriskofconfirmationbias—designersmaylistentowhattheywanttohear,andignorenegativereactionsfromsomegroupsofusers.Tech’sdesignbiasneedsfixingformoral,safetyandbusinessreasons.Theethicalimportanceisobvious:itiswrongthatwomenhavetomakedowitha“one-size-fits-men”world,asCarolineCriadoPerez,awriter,putsit.Asforsafety,regulatorscantacklethatbybanningthingsthataredangeroustowomen—includingseatbelts—becausetheyareno!designedproperly.Butthereisalsoapowerfulbusinesscaseforavoidingdesignbias,becausehugeopportunitiesarebeingmissed.Womenare50%ofthepopulation,andmake70—80%oftheworld’sconsumer-spendingdecisions.Changeiscoming.Thefirstvoice-recognitionsystemsstruggledtounderstandfemalevoices,butmostnowmanagejustfine.“Femtech”start-upcompanies,whichfocusonwomen’shealthandwell-being,mayraiseMYM1billionbytheendofthisyear.VCfundsandtechfirmsarehiringmorewomen.Ensuringthatproductsaredesignedforeveryonewouldleadtohappierandsafercustomers.Forthecompaniesthatgetitright,thatmeanshigherprofits.Whatisholdingthemback?8.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2means________.A.hitsthemarket B.getsapprovalC.becomessuccessful D.comesintobeing9.WhatisdiscussedinParagraphs2and3?A.Whytech’sdesignbiasneedstobefixed.B.Howgenderbiasisaffectingtechcompanies.C.Wheregenderbiasinproductdesignisrooted.D.Whoistoblameforgenderbiasintechcompanies.10.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.techcompaniesareunwillingtochangeB.designbiasmayresultinmissedopportunitiesC.maleworkersbenefitmoreinengineeringteamsD.techcompaniesarepooratmakinguser-friendlyproducts11.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthefutureofbias-freeproductdesign?A.Uncertain. B.Sceptical.C.Positive. D.Negative.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了“产品设计存在性别偏见”这一事实，分析了在产品设计上产生偏见和原因，出于道德，安全以及商业原因，这些偏见需要消除，而作者对此抱有积极态度。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线短语的主语“anidea”意为“想法；主意”，结合后文“itwillthenbehandledbyproduct-designandengineeringteams,three-quartersofwhosemembersaremen.”（然后，它将由产品设计和工程团队来处理，其中四分之三的成员是男性。）可知，这个想法或创意应是先被批准，才将由产品设计和工程团队来处理。由此可推知，划线短语“getsthegreenlight”应是“获得批准”含义，与选项B“getsapproval(得到批准)”表达含义一致。故选B项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章第二，三段内容可知，第二段中“Anobviouspartoftheexplanationfortheirdesignproblemisthatmencontrolmostofitscompanies—male-runfirmsreceive82%ofventure-capital(VC)funding.”（其设计问题的一个明显原因是男性控制了大部分公司。男性经营的公司获得了82%的风险投资。）为该段的主旨句，由此可知，第二段主要讲述了产品存在性别偏见的原因是男性控制了大部分公司，并且在进行决策是，往往使用的是缺乏普适性的数据。第三段的主旨句为“Naturally,designerstestoriginalmodelsontheirintendedcustomers,buttheymaynotgetfeedbackfromabroadenoughgroupofpeople.”（当然，设计师会在他们的目标客户身上测试原始模型，但他们可能无法从足够广泛的人群中获得反馈），由此可知，第三段讲述了在进行产品测试时，设计师们无法从足够广泛的人群中得到反馈，且往往忽略一些用户群体的负面反馈。由此可知，第二，三段主要讲述了在产品设计过程中，哪些环节出现了问题。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“Butthereisalsoapowerfulbusinesscaseforavoidingdesignbias,becausehugeopportunitiesarebeingmissed.”（但也有一个强大的商业理由来避免设计偏见，因为巨大的机会正在被错过。）可知，设计偏见可能会导致错过巨大的商机。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段开头句“Changeiscoming.”可知，在作者看来，改变（产品性别偏见）即将到来，且后文“‘Femtech’start-upcompanies,whichfocusonwomen’shealthandwell-being,mayraiseMYM1billionbytheendofthisyear.VCfundsandtechfirmsarehiringmorewomen.Ensuringthatproductsaredesignedforeveryonewouldleadtohappierandsafercustomers.Forthecompaniesthatgetitright,thatmeanshigherprofits.(专注于女性健康和福祉的“Femtech”初创公司可能在今年年底前筹集到10亿美元的MYM资金。风投基金和科技公司正在雇佣更多的女性。确保产品是为每个人设计的，将会带来更快乐和更安全的客户。对那些做对了的公司来说，这意味着更高的利润。)”列举了一些产品的设计考的女性用户的例子以及公司会雇佣更多的女性能够带来更高的利润。由此推断作者对于无偏见产品设计的未来持有积极的态度。故选C项。DIn2010,aftersixyearsoftrainingandfurthersixyearsonthewards,Iresignedfrommyjobasajuniordoctor.Myparentsstillhaven’tforgivenme.Lastyear,theGeneralMedicalCouncilwrotetometosaytheyweretakingmynameoffthemedicalregister.Itwasn’texactlyahugeshock,asIhadn’tpracticedmedicineinhalfadecade.________Itwas,however,excellentnewsformyspareroom,asIclearedoutboxafterboxofoldpaperwork,tearingfilesupfast.OnethingIdidrescuefromthejawsofdeathwasmytrainingportfolio(档案袋).Alldoctorsarerecommendedtologtheirclinicalexperience,inwhat’sknownasreflectivepractice.Onlookingthroughthisportfolioforthefirsttimeinyears,myreflectivepracticeseemedtoinvolvegoinguptomyhospitalon-callroomandwritingdownanythingremotelyinterestingthathadhappenedthatday.Amongthefunnyandthedull,Iwasremindedofthelonghoursandthehugeimpactbeingajuniordoctorhadonmylife.Readingback,itfeltextremeandunreasonableintermsofwhatwasexpectedofme,butatthetimeI’djustaccepteditaspartofthejob.TherewerepointswhereIwouldn’thavesteppedbackifanentryread“hadtoeatahelicoptertoday”.AroundthesametimethatIwasrelivingallthisthroughmydiaries,juniordoctorsinthehereandnowwerecomingunderfirefrompoliticians.Icouldn’thelpbutfeeldoctorswerestrugglingtogettheirsideofthestoryacross(probablybecausetheywereatworkthewholetime)anditstruckmethatthepublicweren’thearingthetruthaboutwhatitactuallymeanstobeadoctor.Ratherthanshruggingmyshouldersandignoringtheevidence,IdecidedIhadtodosomethingtoredressthebalance.Soheretheyare:thediariesIkeptduringmytimeintheNHS,verruca’sandall.Whatit’slikeworkingonthefrontline,theconsequencesinmypersonallife,andhow,oneterribleday,itallbecametoomuchforme.(Sorryforthespoilerofmybookbeforehand,butyoustillwatchedTitanicknowinghowthatwasgoingtoplayout.)Alongtheway,I’llhelpyououtwiththemedicalterminologyandprovideabitofcontextaboutwhateachjobinvolved.Unlikebeingajuniordoctor,Iwon’tjustdropyouinthedeependandexpectyoutoknowexactlywhatyou’redoing.12.WhichofthefollowingcanbeputintheblankinParagraph2?A.ButIfounditahardjobtopickupmypracticeofmedicine.B.ButIfounditaneasytasktoturnoveranewleafinthelongterm.C.ButIfounditasimpleacttogetinvolvedinself-reflectionasajuniordoctor.D.ButIfounditabigdealonanemotionalleveltopermanentlyclosethischapterofmylife.13.Theauthorclearedoutboxafterboxofoldpaperworksofastbecause________.A.hewasdisappointedatbeingdismissedfromtheNHSB.beingremovedfromhispositionservedhispurposeC.beingrescuedfromthejawsofdeathdiscouragedhimD.hehadpromisedtokeephispatients’personalinformationsecret14.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“redressthebalance”underlinedinParagraph5?A.Arguewithpoliticians.B.Tellthefullstoryofdoctors.C.Collectmoresolidevidence.D.Winthesupportofthepublic.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodobywritingthisarticle?A.Revealwhatitmeanstobeajuniordoctor.B.Informreadersofsomemedicalknowledge.C.Givesomebackgroundinformationonabook.D.Encouragemorepeopletopracticemedicine.【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文是对作者的一本书的背景介绍。由作者不再当医生而被NHS除名引出作者对自己曾作为医生的经历的回顾和对初级医生的看法，作者认为他作为初级医生时，承受了极端和不合理的期望，作者希望通过这本书呈现给公众作为一名医生的真相。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Itwasn’texactlyahugeshock,asIhadn’tpracticedmedicineinhalfadecade.(这并不是一个巨大的震惊，因为我已经有五年没有行医了)”并且结合选项中but表示转折可知，此处前后形成对比，同时结合下文可知作者并没有想重新继续从医。综上可推知，空处句子应为“但我发现永久地结束我生命中的这一章在情感层面上是一件大事”。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Lastyear,theGeneralMedicalCouncilwrotetometosaytheyweretakingmynameoffthemedicalregister.Itwasn’texactlyahugeshock,asIhadn’tpracticedmedicineinhalfadecade.(去年，医学委员会写信给我说他们要把我的名字从医疗登记簿上删除。这并不是一个巨大的震惊，因为我已经有五年没有行医了)”可知，作者并不为被除名而感到难受，结合后文作者对于作为一个初级医生的经历的态度是有所保留的，并且他决定把自己的经历写出来。由此可推知，作者如此迅速地清理了一箱又一箱的旧文件，因为被撤职正好达到了他的目的。故选B。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Icouldn’thelpbutfeeldoctorswerestrugglingtogettheirsideofthestoryacross(probablybecausetheywereatworkthewholetime)anditstruckmethatthepublicweren’thearingthetruthaboutwhatitactuallymeanstobeadoctor.(我不禁感到医生们都在努力让人们理解他们自己的观点（可能是因为他们一直都在工作），而令我震惊的是，公众并没有听到作为一名医生的真正含义)”可知，作者想呈现作为一个医生的真相，讲述医生的全部故事。由此可知，作者想要告知大家真正的故事，而不是耸耸肩，无视证据。故划线短语“redressthebalance”意思为“讲述医生的全部故事”。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章中记叙了2010年，经过六年的培训和六年的病房工作，作者辞去了初级医生的工作。且回忆了自己作为初级医生的经历，认为一个初级医生必须达到一些极端的期望是不合理的，作者同时将自己的经历写到了自己的书中。根据第六段中“Sorryforthespoilerofmybookbeforehand(很抱歉之前我的书被剧透了)”以及最后一段中“Alongtheway,I’llhelpyououtwiththemedicalterminologyandprovideabitofcontextaboutwhateachjobinvolved.(在此过程中，我将帮助您掌握医学术语，并提供有关每个工作所涉及的背景知识)”可知，作者是在对书的内容进行介绍，即作者写这篇文章的目的是提供一本书的背景资料。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AreYouaPrisonerofPerfection?Doyoustruggleforagoalthatisbeyondyourreach?___16___Areyousettingyourselfupforfailureandshamewhenyoucan’tachievetheunachievable?Understandingwhatdrivesperfectionismisthefirststeptowardreleasingthisself-createdanchorthatkeepsusstuck.Shameandfearareoftenthehiddendriversofperfectionism.Webelievethatifwecanfashionaperfectlypolishedpersonality,flashourintelligence,andperfectourhumour,thennoonecanhurtuswithcriticismandwe’llwinrespectandapproval.___17___Politicianswhodisplayadesperateneedtoberightandrefusetoacknowledgemistakesoruncertaintyareoftendrivenbyasecretshame.Theyfearthatshowingvulnerability(弱点)willexposethemtotheaccusationthatthey’reweak.Theysticktoadesiretoberight,perfect,andpolished,evenwhenit’sobviousthattheemperorhasnoclothes.Perfectionismkeepsusleaningtowardthefuture.We’reconstantlyevaluatingourselvesinordertodobetter.___18___However,ifwecan’trelaxandenjoylightermoments,thenwebecomeprisonersofourperfectionism.Wegetpainfullyself-consciousandtakeourselvestooseriously.Sadly,wedeprive(剥夺)ourselvesofthesimplepleasureofenjoyingthemomentandbeingourselves.___19___Werealizethatfailingatanyenterprisedoesn’tmeanthatweareafailure.Withoutfailures,we’llneverlearnfromourmistakes;we’llnevermoveforwardinourlives.Thosewhosucceedhavemadecountlessmistakes.Theimportantthingistolearnfromourerror,forgiveourselvesandmoveon.Beinghuman,perfectionisimpossible.___20___Releasingourselvesfromthedesiretoprotectourimage,we’refreedtosailgracefullythroughoursuccessesandfailures—andenjoyourpreciouslife.A.Doyouholdanidealizedvisionthatisimpossibletorealize?B.Acuretoperfectionismistomakeroomforourhumanshortcomings.C.Doyoufearthatotherswillbehorrifiedbywhatyoujudgeaboutyourself?D.Theaddictiontostayingperfectprotectsusfromanysignofbeingimperfect.E.There’snothingwrongwithwantingtodoourbestandself-correctingalongtheway.F.Peoplewhoareaddictedtoperfectionareoftenisolated,eveniftheyseemoutgoingandpopular.G.Byacceptingourselvesasweareanddoingourbest,webegintoridtheshamethatdrivesperfectionism.【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.B20.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。羞耻和恐惧往往是完美主义背后的驱动力。如果我们能塑造一个完美的人格，展示我们的智慧，完善我们的幽默，那么没有人可以用批评来伤害我们，我们会赢得尊重和认可。【16题详解】根据上文Doyoustruggleforagoalthatisbeyondyourreach?可知本空为列举完美主义带来的问题是为一个你无法达到的目标而奋斗、有一个无法实现的理想愿景，故选A。【17题详解】本句为段首主题句。根据本段最后一句Theysticktoadesiretoberight,perfect,andpolished,evenwhenit’sobviousthattheemperorhasnoclothes.可知坚持正确、完美和优雅的愿望，即使很明显皇帝没有穿衣服。可知沉迷于保持完美让我们不能忍受任何不完美的迹象。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文We’reconstantlyevaluatingourselvesinordertodobetter.为了做得更好，我们不断地评估自己。下文评价这样的行为“想要做最好的自己，并在过程中自我纠正，这没有什么错。”故选E。【19题详解】根据下文Werealizethatfailingatanyenterprisedoesn’tmeanthatweareafailure.我们意识到，在任何企业中失败都不意味着我们就是一个失败者。可知本段强调要学会容忍我们人类的缺点是治愈完美主义的方法，故选B。【20题详解】根据下文Releasingourselvesfromthedesiretoprotectourimage,we’refreedtosailgracefullythroughoursuccessesandfailures—andenjoyourpreciouslife.可知把自己从保护形象的欲望中释放出来，我们就能从容地走过成功和失败——享受我们宝贵的生命。故本空强调要通过接受我们自己，并尽我们最大的努力，开始摆脱驱动完美主义的羞耻。故选G。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ThescarsthatPatRribblecarriedthroughlifewereformednearly50yearsago,inflicted(欺负)byfellowstudentsinWoodland,who___21___himbecausehewasdifferent.Patnever___22___orhadchildrenaftergraduating.Heneverhada___23___,onlyaseriesofjobs.Now65,Patappears___24___withhislonggrayhairandbeard,whomyoumightcrossthestreetto___25___.But,totalkwithhimreveals(展现出)a___26___side.Hespeaksquietly,measuringhiswordsto___27___hisweakness,forwhichothersonceseizeduponto___28___him.In2021,whenCareyJim,Pat'sclassmate,learnedPat___29___toattendhishighschoolclass'sparty____30____he'dbeenhurtinschool,he____31____.“Pathaditrougherthantherestofus.”Dayslater,CareyfoundPat's____32____andcalled.Patanswered.“Wetalkedaboutthe____33____things,andthegoodthingstoo,”Patsaid.“Carey'sloveand____34____caughtmeunexpectedly.”Afterthat,Careyaskedallhis____35____tocallPat.Andsotheydid.Theymadea____36____thattheywouldn'tlosetrackofPat,andtheyhave____37____itforovertenyears.Everyweek,oneormoreofthemcallPattoseehowhe'sdoing.Therecoveryofthe____38____fromthepasthasallowedPattolooktothe____39____.“I'llbeatthenextparty,”hesays.“Theseguys…”Hepauses,stifling(强忍)____40____.“Let'sjustsaythateveryoneneedspeopleliketheseguys