高中英语必修1Unit6Section5讲义

[技法指导]正反观点对比类议论文一般会给出两个或两个以上的对立观点，要求发表自己的看法或见解。1．结构：这类作文的写作基本模式是四段式。导入：第1段：Recentlywe'vehadadiscussionaboutwhetherweshould...(导入话题)Ouropinionsaredividedonthistopic.(观点有分歧)正文：第2段：Mostofthestudentsareinfavorofit.(正方观点)Herearethereasons.First...Second...Finally...(列出2～3个赞成的理由)第3段：However,theothersarestronglyagainstit.(反方观点)Theirreasonsareasfollows.Inthefirstplace...What'smore...Inaddition...列出2～3个反对的理由)结论：第4段：Personallyspeaking,theadvantagesoverweighthedisadvantages,foritwilldousmoreharmthangood,soIsupportit.(个人观点)2．时态：此类文章多用一般现在时。论述一般现象或观点，不能因为讨论过去的内容就用一般过去时。3．发表自己的看法或观点时，应紧扣主题，言简意赅。既可以赞成正文观点，也可以支持反方观点，也可以有自己的看法，只要言之有理，表达准确即可。黄金表达，教你如何营造亮点1．常用的开头语：①Wehaveadiscussionabout...我们对……进行了一次讨论。②Wehavehadasurveyon...我们对……开展了一次调查。2．分别论证时：①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.在这个问题上意见有分歧。②Opinionsaremainlydividedintotwogroups.有两种主要的不同意见。③Othershavedifferentopinions.其他人有不同看法。④Sixtypercentofthestudentsarefortheidea,whilefortypercentofthestudentsthinkotherwise.有60%的学生支持这个观点，然而有40%的学生则不这样认为。⑤Sixtypercentofthestudentsthinkitnecessaryto...，butfortypercentofthestudentsdon'tthinkso.60%的学生认为……是必须的，而40%的学生则不这样认为。⑥Ontheonehand...Ontheotherhand，...一方面……，另一方面…….3．在对某一观点作进一步论证时：①What'smore，...还有就是……②Besides，...除此之外……在提出多个论据时，可用First...Second...Third...，来列举论据。进行相似的比较用inparison,likewise,similarly,inthesamemanner等。进行相反的比较时用ontheotherhand,whereas,while,instead,onthecontrary,paredwith...陈述个人观点/想法的常用句型：①Myownexperiencetellsmethat...②Inmyopinion,weshouldattachmoreimportanceto...③Asformyownideaabout...Ibelieve...④AsfarasIamconcerned,Iplanto...⑤Personally,Iprefer...⑥Inmyview,bothsidesarepartlyrightinthat...⑦Butforme,Iwouldrather...⑧Myownpointofviewisthat...⑨Inconclusion,Isupportthestatementthat...⑩Asregardstome,Itendtochoose...[写作规范][题目要求]目前，一些诸如GG,MM,XiaMi等网络语言在青少年中极为盛行，并且出现在家庭作业报告中，甚至全国入学考试的作文中。请你以“ShouldInternetSlangBeProhibited(禁止)？”为题，根据下表内容用英语写一篇短文，并谈谈你自己的看法。一些同学认为网络语言生动、时尚，充满幽默与智慧，使网上聊天更快捷另一些同学认为网络语言缺乏思想性，没有被大部分人理解、接受，过多使用使人不解，甚至造成误解你的看法……注意：1.短文开头已经给出，不计入总词数；2．词数：100左右。参考词汇：生动的vivid；智慧intelligenceShouldInternetSlangBeProhibitedAtpresent,InternetSlang,suchas“GG,MM,XiaMi”，hasbeepopularamongtheteenagers.[三步作文法]第一步：搜索词汇1．目前，现在at_present2．受……欢迎be/bee_popular_among/with3．充满……be_full_of4．使人困惑make_people_confused_5．导致result_in6．在某人看来in_one's_opinion7．信息时代the_Information_Age8．落后fall_behind9．只要as/so_long_as第二步：由词造句1．这些语言有时会使人困惑，甚至导致误解。①Thewordssometimesmightmadepeopleconfused,even_resulting_in_misunderstanding．②Thewordssometimesmightmadepeopleconfused,andthey_can_even_bring_about_misunderstanding．2．只要这些术语在适当的情况下正确使用就可以。①ItwillbeOKas_long_as_these_terms_are_used_correctly_in_proper_situations．②Used_correctly_in_proper_situations,_thesetermswillbeOK.第三步：连句成篇ShouldInternetSlangBeProhibitedAtpresent,InternetSlang,suchas“GG,MM,XiaMi”，hasbeepopularamongtheteenagers.TherearedifferentopinionsonInternetSlang.SomestudentsthinkInternetSlangisvivid,fashionableandfullofhumorandintelligence.Besides,itmakeschattingontheInternetquicker.However,someotherstudentsthinkInternetSlanglacksdepthofthoughtandistoosimple.Also,thewordssometimesmightmadepeopleconfused,evenresultinginmisunderstanding.Everycoinhastwosides.Inmyopinion,livingintheInformationAge,ifwedon'tknowtheInternetSlang,weseemtofallbehindthetimes.ItwillbeOKaslongasthesetermsareusedcorrectlyinpropersituations.[对应学生课时达标训练(二十四)]Ⅰ.阅读理解Everythinghasaname.Allpeople,placesandthingshavenames.Forexample,JennyisthenameofastudentfromEngland.Englandisthenameofhercountry.Citiesandtownshavenames,too.Schoolsandofficebuildingalsohavenames.Allthingshavenames.Namesareimportant.Namesaredifferentallovertheworld.InJenny'sclass,Jennymustlearnthenamesofstudentsfromallovertheworld.Thisisverydifficultbecausethenamesaredifferent.IntheUSA,mostpeoplehaveafirstname,amiddlename,andalastname.Parentschoosethefirstandmiddlenamesfortheirbaby.Therearenamesforboysandnamesforgirls.Forexample,John,Peter,TomandMikeareallnamesforboys.Elizabeth,Betty,Susan,andMaryareallnamesforgirls.Thelastnameisthefamilyname.Usuallyitisthefather'sfamilyname.Inafamily,themother,thefather,andthechildrenusuallyhavethesamelastname.Namesaredifferentallovertheworld.Theycanbelongorshort,buttheyarealwaysveryimportant.语篇解读：世界上每个东西都有名字来区别于别的东西，文中主要介绍了人名。1．Whydoeseverythinghaveaname?A．Becauseitisveryinterestingtohaveaname.B．Becauseitisveryeasytoberemembered.C．Becauseitisveryeasytobetoldfromothers.D．BecausebothBandC.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段“Namesareimportant.Namesaredifferentallovertheworld.”可知每个东西都有名字是为了被记住和区别于其它的。故选D。2．Itisdifficulttolearnnamesallovertheworld,because________．A．therearemanydifferentlanguagesB．thenamesindifferentcountriesaredifferentC．somenamesareveryshort,someareverylongD．therearemanynamesallovertheworld解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段“Namesaredifferentallovertheworld.”可知世界上的名字不同，了解全世界的名字很难，故选B。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．It'sdifficulttolearnthenamesbecausetheyaredifferent.B．Thereisnodifferencebetweengirls'namesandboys'names.C．Jennydoesn'twanttolearnthenamesverywell.D．It'seasyforJennytolearnthenamesofherclassmates.解析：选A正误判断题。根据第一段“Namesaredifferentallovertheworld.”可知了解全世界的名字很难，A正确；根据第二段“Therearenamesforboysandnamesforgirls.”可知B错误；根据第一段“InJenny'sclass,Jennymustlearnthenamesofstudentsfromallovertheworld.Thisisverydifficultbecausethenamesaredifferent.”可知C、D错误。故选A。4．Whatnamesareforgirls?A．George,Linda,Susan.B．Tom,Jill,Candy.C．Elizabeth,Betty,Mary.D．Peter,Jeff,Jack.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段中“Elizabeth,Betty,Susan,andMaryareallnamesforgirls.”可知C正确。Ⅱ.任务型阅读WhenpeoplespeakabouttheChinesewomen'svolleyballteam,mostofthetimetheydon'tjustrefertoasportinggroup.1.________TheteamwonitsfourthWorldCupvictorybydefeatinghostteamJapan3－1onSept6.Thishasbeenitsfirstworldtitleinthe11yearssinceitwonattheAthensOlympicGamesin2004.Whathastheteamgonethrough,andwhathasmadeitriseagain?Onceaworldsuperpowerinwomen'svolleyball,Chinawasalmostunbeatable(不可战胜的)between1981and1986.2.________Buttheretirement(退役)oftheplayerswhowoninAthensledtoaperiodofdifficulty.Thenewersdidn'tperformwellenoughandcoacheschangedtoooften.3．________ShehadledtheChinesetothe1981and1985WorldCuptitlesasaplayer.Asheadcoach,she“broughtinfreshair,usingmoreyoungplayersboldly(大胆地)”，accordingtoXinhua.Asaresult,youngplayersgotmorechancestotrainandplayforthenationalteam.Butthingsnevergoexactly(恰好)asplanned.4.________Langhadtofindreplacements(替补)quicklyfromhertwoyearsofbuildup(积累)．Thereweremorethingstodo.Shehadtocalmdownhergirls.“It'sstilltoofartoseewhowillwin，”shetoldthem.AssistantcoachLaiYawenknewallabouttheeffortmadeby54­year­oldLang,whospentlessthanfourhourssleepingeverydayduringtheWorldCup.“Langhastostudythevideosshowingtheothercountries'players'movementsandskillseverynight，”Laitoldpaper.Herplayersfoughtjustashardasshedid.ZhuTing,20,askedtoreturntoagameafterSouthKoreatookthelead.Shehadleftbecauseofaninjury.Shesaidtheinjurywas“notabigdeal”.Onlyaftershehadhelpedtheteamwinthatgamedidshetellreporters:“Myankles(脚踝)werereallyinpain,butIhidit.”5．________“Luckfinallygaveusachancetowin.Ibelievechanceonlyfavorspreparedpeople，”LangtoldXinhua.Or,asXinhuasaid,itwasthegirls'“hardwork,unityandperseverance(坚持)”thatwonthemtheWorldCup.A．Chineseteamwasknownbymanypeopleatthattime.B．Thetermhasetomeananamazingteamspirit.C．Thoughtheteamhasmetmanyinjuries,theystillovere(克服)them.D．Aftertheteamfinishedfifthatthe2012LondonGames,LangPingtookoverasheadcoachthenextyear.E．BeforegoingtoJapan,somekeyplayerswereinjured.F．Duringthattime,theteamwontwoworldchampionships,twoWorldCups,andoneOlympics.G．The2015WorldCuptitledidn'teeasybuttheteammadeit.语篇解读：文章讲述了中国女排的体育精神和成长事迹。1．解析：选B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据“mostofthetimetheydon'tjustrefertoasportinggroup”可知大多数时候中国女排不仅代表了一个团队，更代表了一种体育精神，B选项“Thetermhasetomeananamazingteamspirit.”符合，故选B。2．解析：选F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据“Onceaworldsuperpowerinwomen'svolleyball,Chinawasalmostunbeatable(不可战胜的)between1981and1986.”可知在这个时候中国女排是不可战胜的，接下来要讲述女排的获奖史，F选项“Duringthattime,theteamwontwoworldchampionships,twoWorldCups,andoneOlympics.”符合，故选F。3．解析：选D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据“ShehadledtheChinesetothe1981and1985WorldCuptitleasaplayer.Asheadcoach,she‘broughtinfreshair,usingmoreyoungplayersboldly(大胆地)’”可知上一句话是介绍了一个新的主教练，D选项“Aftertheteamfinishedfifthatthe2012LondonGames,LangPingtookoverasheadcoachthenextyear.”符合，故选D。4．解析：选E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据“Langhadtofindreplacements(替补)quicklyfromhertwoyearsofbuildup(积累)．”可知是有人受伤了所以才会去找替补，E选项“BeforegoingtoJapan,somekeyplayerswereinjured.”符合，故选E。5．解析：选G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据“‘Luckfinallygaveusachancetowin.Ibelievechanceonlyfavorspreparedpeople’，LangtoldXinhua.”可知在困境下，团队仍然获胜了，G选项“The2015WorldCuptitledidn'teeasybuttheteammadeit.”符合，故选G。Ⅲ.完形填空OneSaturdayafternoon,mydaughterAliceaskedme，“Areallpeoplethesameeveniftheyaredifferentincolor？”Ithoughtforaminute,andthenIsaid,“I'llexplain,__1__youcanjustwaituntilwemakeaquick__2__atthegrocerystore.Ihavesomething__3__toshowyou.”Atthegrocerystore,we__4___someapples—red,greenandyellowones.Backhome,ItoldAlice,“It'stimeto__5__yourquestion.”Iputoneappleofeach__6__onthetable.ThenIlookedatAlice,whohada__7__lookonherface.“Peoplearelikeapples.Theyeinall__8__colors,shapesandsizes.Onthe__9__，someoftheapplesmaynot__10__lookastheothers.”AsIwastalking,Alicewas__11__eachonecarefully.Then,Itookeachoftheapplesandpeeled(削皮)them,__12__thembackonthetable,but__13__adifferentplace.“Okay,Alice,tellmewhichiswhich.”Shesaid,“I__14__tell.Theyalllookthesamenow.”“Takeabiteof__15__.Seeifthathelpsyou__16__whichoneiswhich.”Shetook__17__，andthenahugesmilecameacrossherface.“Peopleare__18__likeapples!Theyarealldifferent,butonceyou__19__theoutside,they'reprettymuchthesameontheinside.”Shetotally__20__it.Ididn'tneedtosayordoanythingelse.语篇解读：本文讲述了作者用几个不同的苹果向女儿解释了人与人之间不同的肤色问题。人们的肤色可能不同，但是人们的内心是一样的，没有区别。1.A.althoughB．soC．becauseD．if解析：选Dalthough“虽然”；so“因此”；because“因此”；if“如果”。如果你能等一会，我们在杂货店停一下，我会给你看一些有趣的事物。上下文表示条件关系，故选D项。2．A.stopB．startC．turnD．stay解析：选Astop“停止”；start“开始”；turn“转向”；stay“停留”。本句是指我们在杂货店前停一下，买点东西，故选A项。3．A.expressiveB．encouragingC．informativeD．interesting解析：选Dexpressive“富有意味的；表达的”；encouraging“令人鼓励的”；informative“了解的”；interesting“有趣的”。我要去在杂货店停一下，我会给你看一些有趣的事情，根据语境可知选D项。4．A.boughtB．countedC．sawD．collected解析：选Abuy“购买”；count“计算”；see“看到”；collect“收集”。根据下文可知我购买了一些苹果，我用苹果告诉孩子人与人之间的肤色问题，故选A项。5．A.checkB．mentionC．answerD．improve解析：选Ccheck“检查”；mention“提到”；answer“回答”；improve“提高”。根据文章第一段可知女儿提出了一个问题，我用一种方法来回答女儿的这个问题，故选C项。6．A.sizeB．typeC．shapeD．class解析：选Bsize“尺寸”；type“类型”；shape“形状”；class“班”。我每一种苹果都拿出一个放在桌子上，故选B项。7．A.worriedB．satisfiedC．proudD．curious解析：选Dworried“担心的”；satisfied“满意的”；proud“骄傲的”；curious“好奇的”。女儿对于我做的事情很不了解，很好奇，故选D项。8．A.ordinaryB．normalC．differentD．regular解析：选Cordinary“普通的”；normal“正常的”；different“不同的”；regular“有规律的”。人们和苹果一样，都有不同的颜色，故选C项。9．A.outsideB．wholeC．tableD．inside解析：选Aoutside“外面”；whole“整个”；table“桌子”；inside“里面”。从外表上看有些苹果和其他的苹果也许有很大的差异，故选A项。10．A.stillB．evenC．onlyD．ever解析：选Bstill“仍然”；even“甚至”；only“只有”；ever“曾经”。从外表上看有些苹果甚至看起来和其他的不一样，故选B项。11．A.examiningB．measuringC．drawingD．packing解析：选Aexamine“检查”；measure“衡量”；draw“画”；pack“打包”。当我们在谈话的时候，女儿在仔细地检查每一个苹果，故选A项。12．A.keepingB．placingC．pullingD．giving解析：选Bkeep“保持”；place“放”；pull“拉”；give“给”。我拿起一个苹果削了皮，然后再放回在桌子上，但是在不同的地方，故选B项。13．A.onB．towardC．forD．in解析：选D在某个地方使用介词in。14．A.mustn'tB．can'tC．shouldn'tD．needn't解析：选Bmustn't“禁止”；can't“不能”；shouldn't“不应该”；needn't“不必”。本句是指女儿告诉我她无法辨认出具体的哪一个苹果，故用can't“不能够”。15．A.eachoneB．eachotherC．theotherD．oneanother解析：选Aeachone“每一个”；eachother“彼此”；theother“另外一个”；oneanother“又一个”。我让女儿每个苹果咬一口，去辨认具体的苹果，故选A项16．A.admitB．considerC．decideD．believe解析：选Cadmit“承认”；consider“考虑”；decide“决定”；believe“相信”。我让女儿每个苹果咬一口，来决定具体的苹果的身份和颜色，故选C项。17．A.bigbitesB．deepbreathsC．afirmholdD．closelook解析：选Abigbites“一大口”；deepbreaths“深呼吸”；afirmhold“立足之地”；closelook“近观”。根据上文的“Takeabite”，可知女儿咬了苹果，故选A项。18．A.justB．alwaysC．merelyD．seldom解析：选Ajust“仅仅”；always“一直”；merely“只不过”；seldom“很少”。本句表示强调，人就像苹果一样，故选A项。19．A.putawayB．getdownC．handoutD．takeoff解析：选Dputaway“收拾”；getdown“放下”；handout“分发”；takeoff“脱下”。人和苹果一样，但是当人们脱掉外衣的时候，内在的都是一样的，没有任何区别，这和肤色是没有关系的，故选D项。20．A.madeB．tookC．gotD．did解析：选Cmake“使”；take“带走”；get“得到”；do“做”。getit“理解，明白了”。指我的女儿明白了我要向她传达的思想，故选C项。Ⅳ.语法填空Mrs.Wilsoninvitedsomefriendstolunch.Shewaseagertotryanewwayof1.________(cook)afishdish,andshewasverypleased2.________herselfwhenthedishwasready.Sheputitnearthewindow3.________(cool)itforafewminutesbecausethedishwashot.Whenshecamebackforit,shewas4.________(surprise)tofindtheneighbor'scatb