【解析】河南省开封市高三第三次模拟考试英语试题

开封市2020届高三第三次模拟考试英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答题卡），在本试题卷上做答无效。考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmanyticketsareleftnow?A.About8,000.B.Morethan2,000.C.Lessthan2,000.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Doingsomeshopping.B.Preparingforcamping.C.Cleaningupthecar.3.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabank.B.Inahospital.C.Inarestaurant4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?AJackknowstheprojectwell.B.Jackisnottoughenough.C.Jacklackspatience.5.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Whichprogramtheyshouldwatch.B.Whattheresultofthequizshowis.C.Whenthenewsstartstonight.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至第7题。6.Whydoesthemangiveupholdingaparty?A.Hisfriendshavenotimetoattendit.B.Hewantstoacpanyhisparents.C.Heistoobusytoprepareforit.7.Whatwillthemandoonhisbirthday?A.Gooutforameat.B.Seeafilm.C.Workonhisteam’swork.听第7段材料，回答第8至第9题。8.Whydidthemanfailhislastdrivingtest?A.Hehitsomethingbyaccident.B.Hedrovethroughtheredlights.C.Hedidn’tparkhiscarproperly.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheman’steacher?A.Heisfriendly.B.Heischeap.C.Hehasabigcar.听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题。10.HowlonghasMr.Smithworkedintheschool?A.For12years.B.For18years.C.For26years.11.HowdidMr.Smithtakeaninterestineducation?A.Hewasinspiredbyanarticle.B.Hesawabrightfutureinit.C.Hewasinfluencedbyhisparents.12.WhatisMr.Smith’sspecialprogramaimedat?A.Teachingstudentstousetheirbrainwell.B.Spendingmoretimewithchildren.C.Sendingallhisstudentstocollege.听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthejourney?A.Tiring.B.Exciting.C.Boring.14.WhatdoesJohnlooklike?A.Tallwithblondhair.B.Youngwithabeard.C.Thinwithblueeyes.15.Whendidthespeakersclimbmountains?A.InMay.B.InJune.C.InJuly.16.Whathappenedtothespeakersduringthejourney?A.Theygotseriouslyhurt.B.Theyweretrappedintheice.C.Theywereburiedunderthesnow.听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题。17.Howlongcanthefilmlast?A.4minutes.B.9minutes.C.18minutes.18.Whatmakesthepetitiondifferentthisyear?A.Thetypeofthefilmisfixed.B.Thetopicshouldreflectyourfeeling.C.Theremustbethreemainactorsinthefilm.19.Whoareinthejudgegroup?A.Awriterandaplayer.B.Anactorandafilmmaker.C.Ahostandadirector.20.Whatisthefirstprize?A.Acamera.B.Asetofbooks.C.Avisittoafilmschool.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADoyouwanttogotoSpaintoexperienceitsfestivalsinspring?Ifyoudo,herearesomethatareworthexperiencing.1519March:LasFallasFestival,valenciaHugecardboard,wood,andplasterstatuesaremadeintotheshapeoftraditionalfiguresorevenmodernculturalfigureslikeShrekandformerAmericanPresidentObama.Thecreationsareondisplayalloverthecitybeforebeingburnedinoneofthemanybonfires,whichtakesplaceamongmuchpartying.23April:SaintGeorgeFestival,BarcelonaSantJordi,orStGeorge,isthepatronsaintofCatalonia(aswellasEnglandandabout10othercountriesandregions).ButStGeorge'sDayinBarcelonaisalsothecity'sversionofValentine'sDaywhenromancesweepsthecity.Thetraditionisforthemantogivehisladyaroseinreturnforabook.30Aprilto7May:FeriadeSevilla,SevilleSpringFair,theFeria,isajoyfulfestivalwithmassesoffood,drink,musicanddancing.Tothewestofthecityahugeareaisgivenovertothecreatingasmall''town''oftentsfordrinking,eatingandsocializing.Mostofthetentsareprivateandinvitationonlybuttherearesevenpublicones.MidMay:FiestadeSanIsidro,MadridIt'sMadrid'slargestfestival.MusicanddancingiseverywherewithLatinrhythmshappeningatconcertsalloverthecity.Thefestivalstartswithagrandprocessionofgiants,followedbyanopeningspeechinthePlazaMayor.Overthenextfewdays,entertainmenttakesoverthecity'spublicspaces.1.WhatdoweknowaboutLasFallasFestival?A.Statuesareburnedduringtheparty. B.AmericanPresidentdisplayshisstatues.C.Itisheldtoburnthingsforgoodluck. D.Peopleonlypartyathomewithbonfires.2.WhatdomendoonStGeorge'sDay?A.Givetheirgirlsabookasagift. B.Joinagrandprocessionofgiants.C.Expresstheirlovetotheirlovers. D.PraytoStGeorgeforahappymarriage.3.WhenshouldyougoifyouwanttotrydifferentfoodsanddrinksatafestivalinSpain?A.On23April. B.On15March.C.InthemiddleofMay. D.AtthebeginningofMay.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，里面介绍了在春天去西班牙时5项值得体验的节日活动。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二部分的Thecreationsareondisplayalloverthecitybeforebeingburnedinoneofthemanybonfires,whichtakesplaceamongmuchpartying.(这些作品在城市各处展出，然后在许多聚会中被点燃的篝火烧掉)可知，在LasFallasFestival节上那些用纸板、木头等做的雕像会在聚会的篝火中被烧掉。A.Statuesareburnedduringtheparty.(雕像在聚会中被烧掉)符合以上说法，故选A项。2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三部分的ButStGeorge'sDayinBarcelonaisalsothecity'sversionofValentine'sDaywhenromancesweepsthecity.Thetraditionisforthemantogivehisladyaroseinreturnforabook.(但，巴塞罗那的圣乔治节也是该市版的情人节，那时浪漫席卷全城。根据传统，男人们会送给他的女人一朵玫瑰，以换取一本书)可知，在圣乔治节男人们要向自己的爱人送玫瑰来表达爱意。C.Expresstheirlovetotheirlovers.(向他们的爱人表达爱意)符合以上说法，故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四部分的30Aprilto7May:FeriadeSevilla,SevilleSpringFair,theFeria,isajoyfulfestivalwithmassesoffood,drink,musicanddancing.(4月30号到五月7号，春交会是一个充满美食、饮料、音乐和舞蹈的欢乐节日)可知，如果想去巴塞罗那品尝各种美食应该在4月30——5月7日去。D.AtthebeginningofMay.(五月初)符合以上说法，故选D项。BOneday,thesewerline（污水管道）undermyhouseburst.Myfirstresponsewastocalltheplumber,butwhenheheardwhathadhappened,hesaidhecouldn’thelp.“Wedon’tdothat,”hesaid,asiftosuggestthatevenplumbershavetheirdignity.Hedid,however,remendsomeone.Imadethecall,expectingthemantoplainatsuchamiserablejob.Instead,hesimplyasked,“Theaddress?”2Andthatwasit.Anhourlater,Stevearrivedinhistruck.Iwatchedashewalkeddownintothedampdepths.Afewmomentslaterheappeared,saying,“Yes.It’sbroken.”“Canyoufixit?”Iaskedwithastrangemixtureofdoubtandhope.3Stevelookedatmestrangelyasifrebukingmylackoffaith,andthensaid,“Sure.”Thenhetoldmethathehadtogetabackhoe（反铲挖土机）anddigupthestreettothemainsewerline.Ishowedappropriatepanic.“Howlongwillallthistake?”“Ishouldhaveitdonebyevening.”4Ididn’twanttowatchtheexcavation（挖掘）ofmypropertyunfold.AllIwantedwastoleave,gosomewhere,and,uponmyreturn,haveeverythingthewayitwasbeforethedamage.5Ifeltsomewhatguiltyupondrivingoffinmycleancar,leavingStevetosuchadisagreeabletask.Iwentintotownandvisitedafewfriends.Eventually,around6p.m.,mycuriositygotthebetterofme.Iwenthome,andasweetersightIneversaw:apatchofnewlypavedstreetandacoveredupexcavationacrossmyfrontgarden.Iopenedthebasementdoorand—allwastidyandrelativelydry.6Isatdownonthebackgarden,lostinthought.Iwastakenbytheveryideathat,whatevercrisismighthappentoanunluckyhomeowner,thereissomebody,somewhere,whoispracticedinitsresolution.Ifthat’snotreasonforthankfulness,I’mnotsurewhatis.4.Whydidthefirstplumberrejecttheauthor’srequest?A.Hewantedtoprotecthisdignity. B.Hewasinexperiencedinthejob.C.Hehadanotherurgenttasktodo. D.Hethoughtthejobwasunpleasant.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rebuking”inparagraph4mean?A.Admiring. B.Blaming.C.Accepting. D.Neglecting.6.Whatcausedtheauthortofeelupset?A.ThefearofStevensrefusal. B.Thepressureofhavingtogoout.C.Thedifficultyoftherepairwork. D.Theeffectsofthebrokensewerline.7.Whatwastheauthor’spurposeofgoingintotown?A.Toremovehisnegativeemotions. B.Toavoiddoingtheexcavationwork.C.Tovisitacoupleoffriends. D.Tosatisfyhisowncuriosity.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】本文是记叙文。作者家的污水管道裂了，请Steve来帮助维修。修理污水管道是又脏又麻烦的活，作者感到心烦，自己去镇上，让Steve一个人维修。等他傍晚回来的时候，作者看到一切都收拾得干干净净。作者感激帮助他解决危机的人。【4题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段中提到“thesewerline（污水管道）undermyhouseburst.”作者家里的污水管道破了，请水管工维修，但是水管工拒绝了。根据下文中“asiftosuggestthatevenplumbershavetheirdignity.”以及“suchamiserablejob”可知，水管工不愿意修理污水管道，是因为不愿意做这样的又脏又辛苦的活。故选D项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。划线词上一句提到““Canyoufixit?”Iaskedwithastrangemixtureofdoubtandhope.”作者问Steve的时候，带着一种既怀疑他能否修好，同时又希望他能修好的奇怪心情。根据划线词前后的句子“Stevelookedatmestrangely”和“mylackoffaith”，Steve奇怪地看着作者，应该是怪作者对他没有信心。由此可以推测，rebuke意思为“责怪，指责”。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thenhetoldmethathehadtogetabackhoe（反铲挖土机）anddigupthestreettothemainsewerline.”作者请Steve来维修污水管道，维修工作得要反铲挖土机，用来挖开街上主要的污水管线。因此修理工作的困难让作者感到烦心。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Ididn’twanttowatchtheexcavation（挖掘）ofmypropertyunfold.AllIwantedwastoleave,gosomewhere,and,uponmyreturn,haveeverythingthewayitwasbeforethedamage.”作者不想看到很脏的污水管道被挖开，于是只想离开，希望等他回来的时候，一切恢复到损坏前的样子。由此可以推断，作者觉得烦心，离开去镇上是想消除他的负面情绪。故选A项。CTheLittleBabyFaceFoundation（LBFF）isanNYCbasednonprofitorganizationwithagreatdealofcontroversy.Foundedin2002,itprovidesfreeplasticsurgeryforchildrenbornwithfacialdeformities（畸形）.Manyteenagerswhohavebeenteasedfortheirlooksarenowapplyingtohavetheirproblemareas“fixed”byLBFF.Nadia,one14yearoldteenager,hadherfacegreatlychangedinJunewhenshewentundertheknife.Herclassmateshadbeenconstantlymakingfunofherappearance.“TheysaidIhavethebiggestearsthatthey’veeverseen.Theycalledmeelephantears,”Nadiasaid.Thosementshurtheralot.Sheevenconsideredhowtoendherownlife.ButNadiatriedtokeepthebullyingasecretfromhermother,Lynda.Hermotherwasalreadydealingwithmountingmedicalbillsforher9yearoldson,Josh,whohadaseriousbraindisease.Whenhermotherdidfinallyfindoutaboutthebullying,shewasheartbroken.Nadiadecidedtoendherbullyingproblemswithplasticsurgery.ThenhermotherturnedtotheLBFF,whichacceptedNadia’sapplication.Thesurgerieswereverypainfulandittookmonthsforherfacetoheal,butshedidmanagetoreturntoschoolwithanewface,afaceshewasfinallyproudof.Nadia’ssurgerymayhavehelpedherovereheremotionalpain,butshouldteenagersgotothoseextremesjustbecausetheyarebeingbullied?Expertswarnifthedeformitiesarenotreallyaproblemtothechild,plasticsurgeryisnottheanswer!Infact,whenateendecidestogetplasticsurgerybecauseheorsheisbeingbullied,itcansendthewrongmessage.Bysurgicallychangingthevictimofabully,itisasifyousupportthebullyingandagreethevictimisinfactworthyofallthosenamesheorshehasbeencalled.Itislikesayingtoteenagers:“Yes,thereissomethingwrongwithyou,andyoushouldgetitfixed!”8.WhatdidNadiathinkofherschoollifeinthepast?A.Busy. B.Exciting.C.Miserable. D.Ordinary.9.WhydidNadiakeepthesecretfromhermother?A.Hermotherhadheartdisease. B.Shedidn’twanttoburdenher.C.Hermotherwasafraidofbeingbullied. D.Shedidn’tknowhowtoshareitwithher.10.Whydoestheauthorsayplasticsurgerycansendthewrongmessage?A.Itmayletbulliesfeeltheyareright. B.Itmaybeepopularamongteens.C.ItmaydamagethenameoftheLBFF. D.Itmaychangevictimsintobullies.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Whymanyteenagersarebeingteased?B.Isplasticsurgerytheanswertobullying?C.Whysurgeryhelpsovereemotionalpain?D.Shouldwepaymoreattentiontoappearance?【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，非营利组织小娃娃脸基金会（LBFF）为先天性面部畸形的儿童提供免费整形手术，但很多人对这个组织存在争议。当一个青少年因为被欺负而决定接受整形手术时，这可能会传递错误的信息。这可能会让欺负者觉得他们是对的。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“Herclassmateshadbeenconstantlymakingfunofherappearance.“TheysaidIhavethebiggestearsthatthey’veeverseen.Theycalledmeelephantears,”Nadiasaid.Thosementshurtheralot.Sheevenconsideredhowtoendherownlife.”（她的同学们总是取笑她的外表。“他们说我有他们见过的最大的耳朵。他们叫我大象耳朵，”Nadia说。那些评论伤害了她很多。她甚至考虑如何结束自己的生命。），可知同学们的话伤害了Nadia，可推断出Nadia的生活很痛苦。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中的“Hermotherwasalreadydealingwithmountingmedicalbillsforher9yearoldson,Josh,whohadaseriousbraindisease.”（她的母亲已经在为她9岁的儿子Josh支付越来越多的医疗费用，乔希患有严重的脑部疾病。），可推断出Nadia不想给妈妈增加负担。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Bysurgicallychangingthevictimofabully,itisasifyousupportthebullyingandagreethevictimisinfactworthyofallthosenamesheorshehasbeencalled.”（通过外科手术改变被欺凌的受害者，就好像你支持欺凌行为，并同意受害者实际上配得上他或她被称呼的那些名字。），可知通过外科手术改变被欺凌的受害者，这可能会让欺负者觉得他们是对的。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段首句“TheLittleBabyFaceFoundation（LBFF）isanNYCbasednonprofitorganizationwithagreatdealofcontroversy.”（小娃娃脸基金会（LBFF）是一个总部设在纽约的非营利组织，有很多争议。）和最后一段前两句“Expertswarnifthedeformitiesarenotreallyaproblemtothechild,plasticsurgeryisnottheanswer!Infact,whenateendecidestogetplasticsurgerybecauseheorsheisbeingbullied,itcansendthewrongmessage.”（专家提醒，如果畸形不是孩子真正的问题，整形手术不是答案！事实上，当一个青少年因为被欺负而决定接受整形手术时，这可能会传递错误的信息。），可得出文章讲的是非营利组织小娃娃脸基金会（LBFF）为先天性面部畸形的儿童提供免费整形手术，但很多人对这个组织存在争议，。当一个青少年因为被欺负而决定接受整形手术时，这可能会传递错误的信息。这可能会让欺负者觉得他们是对的。B选项“整形手术是欺凌的答案吗？”，符合文意。故选B项。DThestudy,publishedtodayinthejournalPLOSBiologyshowsthattheaveragebodysizeandnumberofsharksandothermarinepredators—vitaltomaintaininghealthyoceanecosystems—fellsignificantlynearcitieswithmorethan10,000peopleandassociatedfishingboats.Theminimumdistancefrompeopleandfishingwhichhadnomeasurableeffectwas1,250kilometers.Thisisfarfurtherthanpreviousstudieshavesuggestedandprobablyreflectstheincreaseddistancesfishingboatscannowtravel.Asaresult,sharkswereonlyobservedat12%ofsitesmonitored.LeadauthorDr.TomLetessiersaid,''Humanactivityisnowthebiggestinfluenceonsharks'distribution.Just13%oftheworld'soceanscanbeconsidered'wilderness'butsharksandotherpredatorsaremuchmoremonandsignificantlylargeratdistancesgreaterthan1,250kilometersfrompeople.Thissuggeststhatlargemarinepredatorsaregenerallyunabletothriveneartopeopleandisanotherclearexampleoftheimpactofhumanoveruseonourseas.''Tocollecttheirdata,theteamanalyzedvideostakenat1,041sitesacrosstheIndianandPacificOceans,selectedtotestthebiggestpossiblerangeofconditionsandhabitats.Sharksandotherfreeswimmingpredatorswerestudiedusingcamerasattachedcannisters(炮筒)filledwithbait.Intotal,theteamrecorded23,200animalsrepresenting109species.Theseincluded841individualsharksfrom19differentspecies.Dr.Letessieradded,''Ourstudyalsofoundthatshallowerwaterenvironment,ofdepthslessthan500meters,werevitalformarinepredatordiversity.Wethereforeneedtoidentifysitesthatarebothshallowandremoteandprotectthem.However,therearestillnumerousshallowhotspotsnearhumanmarketsthatarenotappropriatelyprotected,andthismustchange.''12.Accordingtothestudy,whathappenedtosharksandothermarinepredators?A.Theybecamelessimportantforkeepinghealthyoceanecosystems.B.Theyonlylivednearcitieswith10,000people.C.Theylovedswimmingafterfishingboats.D.Theiraveragebodysizeandnumberdecreasedsharply.13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsmayDr.TomLetessieragreewith?A.Largemarinepredatorscangrowwellnearpeople.B.Peopleshouldn'tdisturbtheseaandseaanimals.C.Sharks’distributionwasmainlyaffectedbyhumanactivity.D.Otherecologicalfactorshavenoimpactonsharks’distribution.14.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph4?A.Introduceanewtopicforreaders.B.Introducethestudymeansusedbytheteam.C.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.D.Collectdataaboutsharksandotherpredators.15.Whatcanweinferabouttheperfectenvironmentformarinepredatordiversity?A.Itshouldbedeeperthan500meters.B.Itshouldbespotsthatarehotenough.C.Itshouldbeshallowerandawayfromhumans.D.Itshouldbespotschangedfromhumanmarkets.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究发现人类活动是造成鲨鱼和海洋其它捕食者身体大小和数量骤降的主要原因。为了海洋捕食者的多样性，我们应该找到远离人类的浅水地区，并且将它们保护起来。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的Thestudy,publishedtodayinthejournalPLOSBiologyshowsthattheaveragebodysizeandnumberofsharksandothermarinepredatorsvitaltomaintaininghealthyoceanecosystems—fellsignificantlynearcitieswithmorethan10,000peopleandassociatedfishingboats.(今天发表在PLOSBiology杂志的研究表明，在超过1万人的城市和有渔船的地方，鲨鱼和其它海洋猎食者的平均大小和数量都急剧下降了)可知，该研究表明鲨鱼和其它海洋猎食动物的大小和数量都急剧减少。D.Theiraveragebodysizeandnumberdecreasedsharply.(他们的平均大小和数量都急剧减少)符合以上说法，故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的LeadauthorDr.TomLetessiersaid,''Humanactivityisnowthebiggestinfluenceonsharks'distribution.(该研究的主要作者汤姆.莱迪斯博士说：“人类活动目前对鲨鱼分布的影响最大……”)可知，Dr.TomLetessier认为鲨鱼的分布主要受人类活动的影响。C.Sharks’distributionwasmainlyaffectedbyhumanactivity.(鲨鱼的分布主要受人类活动的影响)符合以上说法，故选C项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段的主要内容，尤其是Tocollecttheirdata,theteamanalyzedvideostakenat1,041sitesacrosstheIndianandPacificOceans,和Sharksandotherfreeswimmingpredatorswerestudiedusingcamerasattachedcannisters(炮筒)filledwithbait.(为了收集数据，该研究小组分析了在横跨印度洋和太平洋的1041个地点拍摄的视频……鲨鱼和其它猎食者通过使用附加了充满诱饵的炮筒的相机进行研究。)可知，本段的主要目的是介绍该团队研究鲨鱼的方法。B.Introducethestudymeansusedbytheteam.(介绍团队研究鲨鱼的方法)符合以上说法，故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Dr.Letessieradded,''Ourstudyalsofoundthatshallowerwaterenvironment,ofdepthslessthan500meters,werevitalformarinepredatordiversity.Wethereforeneedtoidentifysitesthatarebothshallowandremoteandprotectthem.(Letessier博士补充说：“我们的研究还发现，深度不到500米的潜水环境对海洋捕食者的多样性来说是至关重要的。因此，我们需要找出那些既浅又偏远的地点，并加以保护”)可推测，远离人类的浅水环境对海洋猎食者多样性有好处。C.Itshouldbeshallowerandawayfromhumans.(它应该在远离人类的浅水区)符合以上说法，故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBreaktheAnxietyCyclePeoplewhosufferfromanxietytendtobestuckinanongoingloopofavoidance.It’stheclassicdynamicofanxiety:___16___,oursymptomstendtoincrease,andinturnthisdrivestheanxietyupandmakesthethingswe’reafraidofscarier.Herearesometechniquesonhowtoslowlyoverethismentalhealthchallenge.___17___.Wordshavepower.Forexample,saying“Iampanickedaboutgoingtothispartytonight”willputyouinamorenegativestateofmindparedtosaying“I’dpreferifIdidn’thavetogotothisparty.”Startbyputtingyourwordstothepositiveandtoapointwhereyoustillfeelitresonates（共鸣）.Letgoofperfectionism.Peoplewithsocialanxietyfeelasiftheyarewalkingonasocialtightrope.___18___.Wehaveunrealistichighstandardswherewethinkwemustbecool,positive,andwittywhilecarryingtheentireconversation—it’stoomuch.Andkeepinmindthatyouarenotexpectedtobesomeoneyou’renotinordertogetpeopletolikeyou.Makesmallgestures.Insteadof“jumpingoffacliff”andwalkingstraightintoasituationthatmakesyouanxious,startbeingmoreexpressiveinsituationsthatyoufeelarelessthreatening.___19___,saygoodmorningtoaneighboryourarelyspeakwith,ortellyourhairstylisttheexactlookyou’regoingforinsteadofagreeingwiththeirsuggestion.Shiftyourawareness.Ourattentionislikeaspotlightandwechoosewheretopointit.Thosewithsocialanxietytendtopointthatspotlightinwardandstatethementaryofourinnercritic.___20___.A.ChooseyourwordscarefullyB.PayattentiontoyourhealthconditionC.Forexample,askastrangerfordirectionsD.Whenweavoidthethingswe’reafraidofE.IfthethingsreducefeelingsofsocialanxietyF.It’sthisideathatweneedtoperformperfectlyG.Focusonwhat’shappeningaroundyou,notinsideyou【答案】16.D17.A18.F19.C20.G【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述一些克服心理挑战的技巧，让患有焦虑症的人打破焦虑循环。【16题详解】根据上文Peoplewhosufferfromanxietytendtobestuckinanongoingloopofavoidance.患有焦虑的人往往被困在一个持续的回避循环中，由此可推断出我们越回避，症状应该是增加的，故D选项Whenweavoidthethingswe’reafraidof当我们回避我们害怕的事情时，符合语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据下文说Wordshavepower.语言有力量，可推断上文是要讲语言方面的，A选项Chooseyourwordscarefully仔细选择你的言语，切题，故选A。【18题详解】根据文章中心标题Letgoofperfectionism.放下完美主义。F选项It’sthisideathatweneedtoperformperfectly这是我们需要完美表现的想法，符合段落中心，切题，故选F。【19题详解】根据下文saygoodmorningtoaneighboryourarelyspeakwith,ortellyourhairstylisttheexactlookyou’regoingforinsteadofagreeingwiththeirsuggestion.向你很少说话的邻居说早上好，或者告诉你的发型师你要做的确切形象，而不是同意他们的建议，可知这些都是你做些小手势的例子，因此C选项Forexample,askastrangerfordirections例如，向陌生人询问方向，符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文Thosewithsocialanxietytendtopointthatspotlightinwardandstatethementaryofourinnercritic.那些有社交焦虑的人倾向于指出聚光灯是内在的，并陈述我们内心批评者的评论，可推断下文是就这一问题的解决方法，G选项Focusonwhat’shappeningaroundyou,notinsideyou专注于你周围发生的事情，而不是你内心的事情，切题，故选G。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1，5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mygrandfatherinsistsongettingmecoffee.Heisninetytwoyearsold,buthe___21___myhelpandrollshiswheelchairovertothe___22___inthecorner,fillingacupwithboilingblack___23___.Hisroomatthenursinghomeis___24___,nothingmorethanabedandabathroom.Hiswallsarecoveredin___25___ofhissixchildrenandnineteengrandchildren.I___26___myownface,sevenyearsoldandcoveredinchocolate.WhenI___27___thephoto,helaughs.“Youwerethefattestlittlekid.Yourmomwasso___28___.”ItellhimthatI’mhereforapieceformyjournalismclass,thattheassignmentisto___29___afamilymemberandthatIpickhimbecausehehasthebest____30____.Thisgetsasmall,almostchildlikesmile.Heisproudofbeing____31____.Mygrandfatherhasmanyfine____32____,butwisdomisnotoneofthem.Iaskabouthisexperienceinthewar.Hemakesaface,____33____onthewheelsofhischairashethinks.“HaveItoldyouaboutNoel?”Isayno.Iremember____34____thename,maybefifteenyearsago.He____35____mealot,whichareso____36____thatitmakesmeallthemoreexcitedtovisithim.NoelwasGrandpa’sbestfriend.AsGrandpatalksabouthim,hiseyesglazealittleandhismouthliftsupatthecorner.Youcanseeinhis____37____thattheyarethekindoffriendswhoserelationship____38____anadmirable,platonic（柏拉图式的）sortofloveaffair.ThisisthestoryIgettodayinthisdirtyandmessybedroomwithonlyonetableanditlivesuptothoseofmy____39____.Ithink,suddenly,thathehasjust____40____anamountoftimeunimaginabletome.Ithink,therestofmylife,thestoriesIwilllive,areunimaginabletohim.21.A.appreciates B.admits C.understands D.refuses22.A.table B.stand C.balcony D.sofa23.A.gas B.liquid C.tea D.solid24.A.clean B.bright C.simple D.quiet25.A.patterns B.signs C.decorations D.pictures26.A.spot B.recognize C.doubt D.remember27.A.pointout B.takeaway C.lookthrough D.menton28.A.excited B.embarrassed C.surprised D.worried29.A.create B.interview C.summarize D.explain30.A.stories B.choices C.evidences D.opportunities31.A.witnessed B.chosen C.studied D.found32.A.goals B.situations C.qualities D.types33.A.rocking B.carrying C.pushing D.taking34.A.silently B.entirely C.vaguely D.obviously35.A.expects B.requests C.tells D.permits36.A.ambiguous B.apparent C.conclusive D.vivid37.A.hand B.face C.heart D.head38.A.uses B.adopts C.reaches D.edits39.A.neighborhood B.brotherhood C.adulthood D.childhood40.A.described B.relived C.conveyed D.introduced【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.D26.A27.A28.D29.B30.A31.B32.C33.A34.C35.C36.D37.B38.C39.D40.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我为了新闻课去采访92岁的爷爷，爷爷给我讲述他最好的朋友故事，我从中有所感悟。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他92岁了，但他拒绝我的帮助。A.appreciates欣赏；感激；B.admits承认；允许进入；C.understands理解；D.refuses拒绝。此句but表示转折，爷爷虽然92岁年纪大了，但是却不需要我的帮忙，but前后形成对比。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：把轮椅滚到角落里的桌子旁，往杯子里倒了一杯滚烫的黑咖啡。A.table桌子；B.stand站立；看台；C.balcony阳台；D.sofa沙发。爷爷年纪大，坐有轮椅，所以爷爷要把他的轮椅滚到桌子旁才能倒咖啡，故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他倒了一杯滚烫的黑色液体。A.gas汽油；B.liquid液体；C.tea茶；D.solid固体。爷爷是要给我做咖啡喝，所以往杯子里倒液体符合题意，故选B。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在疗养院的房间很简单，只有一张床和一个浴室。A.clean干净；B.bright明亮；C.simple简单；D.quiet干净。此处simple与下文nothingmorethanabedandabathroom形成对照，来表示爷爷房间的简单，故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的墙上挂满了他六个孩子和十九个孙子孙女的照片。A.patterns模式；B.signs标志；C.decorations装饰；D.pictures图片；照片。此句是描述爷爷房间墙上的东西，所以挂满和孩子们的照片符合题意，故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：七岁的我脸上满是巧克力。A.spot沾上污渍；B.recognize认出；C.doubt怀疑；D.remember记得。此处要与coveredinchocolate保持一致，所以脸上粘上巧克力符合题意，故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：当我指着这张照片时，他笑了。A.pointout指出；B.takeaway带走；C.lookthrough浏览；D.menton评论。我在看墙上挂的照片，我看到了我自己的照片，所以指给爷爷看符合题意，故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你是最胖的孩子。你妈妈很担心。A.excited激动的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.worried忧虑的。此处要与fat相呼应，我最胖，所以我的妈妈比较担心符合题意，故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我来这里是为了给我的新闻课写一篇文章，我的任务是采访一个家庭成员。A.create创造；B.interview采访；C.summarize概述；D.explain解释。由于我是为了给新闻课写文章，所以对应的词应为interview，采访，与journalism相呼应，故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我选择他是因为他有最好的故事。A.stories故事；B.choices选择；C.evidences证据；D.opportunities机会。我要写篇文章，所以这里对应的应该是故事，爷爷有最好的故事，所以我来采访他。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他为被选中他而自豪。A.witnessed目击；B.chosen选择；C.studied学习；D.found发现。由上一句的childlikesmile可知，我告诉他我采访他时，爷爷露出笑容，所以他为我选择他而感到自豪，故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的爷爷有很多优秀的品质，但智慧不是其中之一。A.goals目标；B.situations形势；C.qualities品质；D.types类型。此处用来形容人，只有quality符合题意，并且与wisdom相呼应，故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他做了个鬼脸，一边想，一边摇着椅子的轮子。A.rocking摇；B.carrying携带；C.pushing推动；D.taking带走。此处爷爷坐轮椅，所以轮椅动要靠摇轮子，与wheels相呼应，故选A。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我告诉过你诺埃尔的事了吗？我说不，我模糊地记得这个名字。A.silently沉默地；B.entirely完全地；C.vaguely模糊地；D.obviously明显的。由Isayno,可知，我对这个名字并不记得，所以比较模糊，故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给我讲了很多。A.expects期望；B.requests请求；C.tells讲述；D.permits允许。此处与上文Iremembervaguelythename相呼应，我对诺埃尔记忆模糊，所以爷爷给我讲许多关于他的事情。故选C。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是如此生动，让我更加兴奋地去拜访他。A.ambiguous模糊不清的；B.apparent显然的，表面的；C.conclusive最后的；D.vivid生动的。由excited可知，我听了他的故事非常激动，所以vivid符合题意，故选D。37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以从他的脸上看出他们是好朋友。A.hand手；B.face脸；C.heart心；D.head头。由上文hiseyesglazea