高考英语复习-第1部分-基础知识考点-Unit-1-Festivals-around-the-wor

1/38Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思索·利用1.关键词汇①________n.&

vt.&vi.收获；收割②________vi.&vt.使饿死③________vt.&vi.淹没；溺死；淹死④________vt.擦；揩；擦去⑤________n.阴谋；恶作剧；窍门

vt.坑骗；诈骗⑥________vt.取得；得到⑦________vt.&vi.&n.搜集；集合；聚集2/38⑧________n.奖；奖品

vt.授予；判定⑨________vt.提醒；使想起⑩________vt.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；饶恕⑪admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕________adj.令人称赞，令人钦佩⑫permissionn.许可；允许________v.许可；允许⑬apologizevi.道歉；辩白

________n.道歉答案①harvest

②starve③drown

④wipe

⑤trick

⑥gain⑦gather

⑧award

⑨remind⑩forgive

⑪admirable

⑫permit⑬apology3/382.常考词汇 ①originn.________________ ②beliefn.________________ ③arrivaln.________________ ④energeticadj.________________energyn.________________ ⑤fooln.________________vt.________________ vi.________________adj.________________4/38⑥agriculturen.________________agriculturaladj._______________⑦independencen.______________independentadj._____________答案①起源；由来；起因②信任；信心；信仰③到来；抵达；抵达者④充满活力；精力充沛；主动活力，干劲，精力⑤愚人；白痴；受骗者愚弄；坑骗干傻事；开玩笑傻⑥农业；农艺；农学农业；农艺⑦独立；自主独立；自主5/38用所给单词适当形式填空1.Thetotalrisein________(agriculture)incomesinrichcountriesisgreaterthanthefallinpoorones.(·江苏，阅读C)2.Itcanmakepeoplemore________(energy).(·四川，阅读D)3.Theyarecollectedfromtheairportupon________(arrive)andbroughttotheiraccommodationincomfort.(·天津，阅读A)4.Itwastimealsofortheyoungpandatobe________(independence).(·四川，语法填空)6/385.Chimps(黑猩猩)willcooperateincertainways，like________(gather)inwarpartiestoprotecttheirterritory.(·江苏，阅读B)6.Theeffectofcowsmilk________(harvest)atdifferenttimehasnotbeentestedonhumansuptonow.(·四川，阅读D)7.Yourartskillsareexcellentand________(admire)，whichleavesmeadeepimpression.(·天津，书面表示)

8.Somevolunteersholdthe________(believe)thattheywillbetheheroesofhumanbeingsiftheysucceed.7/389.I________(apologize)toherforsteppingonherfoot，butshedidn’tacceptmy________(apologize).10.Peoplearenot________(permit)inwithout________(permit).答案1.agricultural

2.energetic3.arrival

4.independent

5.gathering

6.harvested

7.admirable8.belief

9.apologized；apology10.permitted；permission8/38【联想·积累】❶“骗，坑骗”家族①cheatv.坑骗，欺诈，作弊

n.坑骗(行为)；骗子②trickvt.坑骗；诈骗

n.阴谋；恶作剧；窍门③foolvt.愚弄；坑骗

n.愚人

④deceivev.坑骗；蒙骗⑤playatrickon搞恶作剧；诈骗⑥makeafoolof愚弄，坑骗9/38❷“信任”家族①beliefn.信任；信心；信仰②faithn.信任；信念；信仰③trustn.&

vt.信任④convincevt.使确信；使信服⑤relyv.信任，信赖⑥confidencen.信任，信赖10/38❸含-ious必备形容词一览①ambitious有雄心，野心勃勃②cautious小心，慎重③conscious有意识④envious忌妒，猜忌⑤industrious勤奋⑥mysterious神秘11/38❹惯用“情感”名词集锦①pleasure愉快②happiness高兴③shock震惊；难过④sorrow悲伤；悲痛⑤sadness悲伤；难过

12/38Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思索·利用1.动词＋介词/副词 ①dress________穿上盛装；打扮；装饰 ②turn________出现；到场 ③set________出发；动身；使爆炸；引发 ④remind...________...使……想起……

答案①up

②up

③off

④of13/382.动词＋名词(＋介词) ①take________发生 ②keepone’s________守信用；推行诺言 ③holdone’s________屏息；屏气 ④have________with玩得开心 ⑤playa________on搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑

答案①place

②word

③breath④fun

⑤trick14/383.其它形式 ①________memoryof纪念；追念 ②look________to期望；期待；期望

答案①in

②forward15/38用左栏所给短语适当形式填空1.Confuciusbelievedkniveswould________people________killings.(·全国Ⅲ，语法填空)2.ElNiño(厄尔尼诺)____________almosteveryyearallovertheworld.(·江苏，阅读C)3.Onceyouhavepromisedtodosomething，youshould__________.4.It’salreadyhalfpastten，butshehasn’t____________yet.5.ThefestivalofHalloweenhaditsoriginasanevent____________thedead.答案1.remind；of

2.takesplace

3.keepyourword

4.turnedup

5.inmemoryof16/38【联想·积累】“动词＋sb＋of”短语集锦①accusesbof控告某人犯某罪，指责某人做某事②curesbof治好某人某病③ridsbof使某人摆脱某物④cheatsbof坑骗某人某物⑤remindsbof使某人想起某事物⑥informsbof通知某人某事⑦robsbof抢劫某人某东西

⑧warnsbof警告某人某事⑨convincesbof使某人确信某事⑩tellsbof和某人说起某事

17/38Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思索·利用原句背诵感悟1.Somefestivalsareheldtohonourthedeadortosatisfytheancestors，whomightreturneithertohelportodoharm.

有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。2.Onthisimportantfeastday，peopleeatfoodintheshapeofskullsandcakeswith“bones”onthem.在这个主要节日里，人们会吃颅骨形状食品和装点有骨头蛋糕。18/38句型公式仿写1.either...or...要么……要么…… ①Whenthegirlishappy，she________________(不是唱就是跳). ②________________(不是他就是我)goingtothelaboratory.2.with复合结构 ①Mr.Wangenteredtheclassroom________________(手里拿着字典). ②Theoldmanwassittingthere________________(背朝门).答案1.①eithersingsordances②EitherheorIam

2.①withadictionaryinhishand

②withhisbackto/towardsthedoor19/38【联想·积累】◆either...or...使用方法小结(1)either...or...要么……要么……；不是……就是……；或者……或者……，惯用来连接两个性质相同词或短语。either...or...除可连接两个词或短语外，有时也可连接两个句子。(2)若连接两个主语时，其谓动应与最近一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即“就近标准”。(3)有类似使用方法还有：neither...nor...；notonly...butalso...；not...but...；...or...；therebe句型等。20/38[单

词

点

睛]1.gainvt.取得；得到

n.赢利，利益；财富增加 [教材原句]IndiahasanationalfestivalonOctober2tohonourMohandasGandhi，theleaderwhohelpedgainIndia’sindependencefromBritain.

印度在10月2日有个全国性节日，纪念莫汉达斯·甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立领袖。高考必备词汇——精讲精练

21/38gainsthby经过……获益gainsthfrom从……中获益gainweight增加体重gainone’srespect/love/trust取得某人尊敬/爱戴/信任22/38单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①Trustisalearnedbehaviorthatwegain________pastexperiences.(·全国Ⅰ，七选五)②Youcangainbyothers’respectifyoucanapologizefrankly.③Thereisnothing____________(从……中得到)delayingthedecision.答案①from

②去掉by

③tobegainedfrom23/382.apologizevi.道歉 [教材原句]Well，hewasnotgoingtoholdhisbreathforhertoapologize.他不想屏息等她来道歉。(1)apologizetosbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事向某人道歉apologizetosbthat...向某人道歉……(2)apologyn.道歉；辩白make/offeranapologytosbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事向某人道歉24/38单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①Laterthatmorning，Dariosuggestedthattheywritealettertotheirneighboursandapologize________theirplaying.(·北京，完形)②It’sobviousthathedeliberatelydestroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapologize.③Thewaitress________________(因……而向我道歉)makingamistakeaftershechargedme100yuanforjustonetinofcoke.答案①for

②apologize→apology/apologizing③apologized(made/offeredanapology)tomefor

25/383.admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕 [教材原句]ChinaandJapanhavemid-autumnfestivals，whenpeopleadmirethemoonandinChina，enjoymooncakes.中国和日本都有中秋节，这时，人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。(1)admiresbforsth因某事钦佩某人admiresbas...钦佩某人是……(2)admirationn.钦佩，赞赏；引人赞美人或物admirableadj.令人钦佩；值得赞美admirern.赞赏者；羡慕者；追求者26/38【尤其提醒】(1)admire后不接双宾语或that引导宾语从句，但可接疑问词引导从句。(2)admire后不接带不定式复合结构，即不说admiresbtodo...，可用admiresb/sb’sdoing...。27/38单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①HeobservedthatHomer(荷马)wasstill________(admire)aftertwothousandyears.(·重庆，阅读E)②Tobehonest，Iadmirehimhisbravery.③Manypeoplearoundtheworld________________(钦佩中国对世界和平所做巨大贡献).答案①admired

②him后加for或去掉him

③admireChinaforitsgreatcontributionstotheworldpeace28/381.beliefn.信任；信心；信仰 [教材原句]TheWesternholidayHalloweenalsohaditsorigininoldbeliefsaboutthereturnofthespiritsofdeadpeople.

西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老信念，认为亡者灵魂会返回人间。

常考必会词汇——了解识别29/38单句语法填空/单句阅读了解(说出黑体部分语义)①Thereisthebelief________，ifyouarriveatanappointmentlate，youwillbeconsideredimportant.(·陕西，六选五)②HecametomeinthebeliefthatIcanhelphim.③Peoplehavelostbeliefinme.TheonlythingIcandoiswait.答案①that

②相信③对……失去信心或信赖

30/382.awardn.[C]

奖；奖品

vt.授予；判定 [教材原句]Somepeoplemightwinawardsfortheirfarmproduce，likethebiggestwatermelonorthemosthandsomerooster.

有些人还可能因为他们农产品(参加评选)而获奖，比如最大西瓜或最帅公鸡。

31/38单句语法填空/单句阅读了解(说出黑体部分语义)①Andyearslater，shewasproudthathersonhadreadthousandsofbooks，____________(award)aPhDinliterature，andauthoredhisownbooks，articles，poetryandfiction.(·天津，阅读C)多年后，她会因为自己儿子读过成千上万本书，取得了文学博士学位，并撰写了他自己书籍、文章、诗歌和小说而感到骄傲。②Izzyhasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool.③Hewasgiven500dollarsasareward/inrewardforhisbravery.答案①wasawarded

②勇敢奖③作为……酬劳/奖赏/报答

32/38[短

语

点

拨]1.takeplace发生；举行 [教材原句]SomeWesterncountrieshaveveryexcitingcarnivals，whichtakeplacefortydaysbeforeEaster，usuallyinFebruary.

在一些西方国家有激感人心狂欢节，通常在二月，复活节前四十天。

takeone’splace代替；就位taketheplaceof代替inplace在原处，在适当位置inplaceof代替，取代33/38单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①Thenextmeeting________(take)placeonThursday.②Greatchangeshavetakentheplaceinourschooleversince.③Itwouldbedifficulttofindaman________________(代替)thesecretary.答案①willtake

②去掉the

③totaketheplaceof34/382.lookforwardto期望；期待；期望 [教材原句]Themostenergeticandimportantfestivalsaretheonesthatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandtothecomingofspring.最富有生气而又最主要节日，就是告别冬天，迎来春天日子。lookforwardtosth/doingsth期望或期待某事/做某事(to为介词)lookinto往……里看；调查lookout向外看；当心；小心lookupto仰视；尊敬；赞赏lookdownon/upon俯视；轻视；看不起35/38单句语法填空/单句改错/写作利用①Hewasalreadylookingforwardto________(practise)thenewmusic.(·北京，完形