高中英语必修1单元卷一

单元质量检测(一)(时间：100分钟满分：120分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ATheKeytoYourHealthAcarneedsgastorunandyourbodyalsoneedsfoodtoworkforyou.Eatingtherightkindoffoodisveryimportant.Itcanhelpyourbodygrowstrongtotakecareofwhatyoueat.Therearefourmainfoodgroupsaltogether.Thedairygrouphasfoodlikemilk,cheeseandsourmilk.Theotherthreegroupsarethemeatandfishgroup,thefruitandvegetablegroup,andthebreadandricegroup.Eachmealshouldhaveatleastonefoodfromallfourmaingroups.Withallthesefoodtogether,youwillbegivenenoughenergyduringtheday.Itiseasytogetintobadeatinghabits.Youmayeatyourbreakfastinahurrytogettoschoolontime.Oryoumaynothavetimeforagoodlunch.Itmayseemeasytofinishyoursupperwithfishandchipsallthetime.Butyouwillfindyourselftiredinthesedaysandyoucannotthinkquickly.Watchingwhatyoueatwillhelpyourbodyremainhealthyandstrong.Itisalsogoodtotakesomeexercise.Itwillhelpyoueatmoreifyoutakeawalkorplaygamesintheopenair.Havingagoodeatinghabitwithsomeexerciseisthekeytoyourhealth.1．Whichofthefollowingdietsdoyouthinkisthebestone?A．Milk,bread,cabbagesandbeef.B．Eggs,tomatoesandchicken.C．Corn,fish,creamandpork.D．Rice,beancurd,apples,fishandchicken.2．Whichofthefollowingisagoodeatinghabit?A．Eatingfishandchipsforsupperallthetime.B．Finishingyourlunchinaveryshorttime.C．Goingtoschoolwithoutanybreakfast.D．Havingatleastonefoodfromallfourgroupsineachmeal.3．Inthispassagethewritermainlytellsusthat________．A．everypersonneedsfoodtogrowwellB．takingexercisecankeepyourbodystrongC．therightkindoffoodwithexercisewillkeepyouhealthyD．enoughenergyhelpspeoplethinkmorequickly4．Theunderlinedword“dairy”inthesecondparagraphmeans“________”．A．afarmwherecowsarekeptB．thefoodmadeoutofcowssuchasmilkandbutterC．theshopthatsellsmilkandbutterD．aplacewheremilkproductsaremadeBThefirstdayofschool,ourprofessorintroducedanoldladyRosetous.“Whyareyouincollegeatsuchanage？”Iaskedher.Shereplied,“IalwaysdreamedofhavingacollegeeducationandnowI'mgettingone！”Webecamefriendsquickly.AttheendofthetermIinvitedRosetomakeaspeechtoourfootballteam.I'llneverforgetwhatshetaughtus.Shesaid,“Therearesomesecretsofstayingyoungandbeinghappy.Youhavetolaughandfindhumoreveryday.Youmusthaveadream.Whenyouloseyourdreams,youwilldie.Thereisahugedifferencebetweengrowingoldandgrowingup.Anybodycangrowolder.Thatdoesn'tneedanytalentorability.Togrowup,youmustalwaysfindtheopportunityinchange.Havenoregrets.Thepeoplewhoareafraidofdeatharethosewithregrets.”Attheendoftheyear,Rosefinishedhercollege.Oneweekaftergraduation,Rosediedpeacefullyinhersleep.Wewouldalwaysrememberthegreatwoman.5．Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatRose________．A．wenttocollegeatanoldageB．becameaprofessorlaterC．onceworkedinahospitalD．diedbeforecollegegraduation6．AttheendofthetermthewriterinvitedRoseto________．A．gotoapartyB．playfootballC．makeaspeechD．writeabook7．Theunderlinedword“talent”inthethirdparagraphmeans“________”inChinese.A．训练B．方法C．途径D．才能8．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．LaughingeverydayB．NevertoooldtolearnC．GrowingoldandgrowingupD．HowtostayyoungandbeinghappyCTheGreatFireofLondonstartedintheveryearlyhoursofSeptember2,1666.Infourdaysitdestroyedmorethanthree­quartersoftheoldcity,wheremostofthehousesweremadeofwoodandclosetogether.Overonehundredpeoplebecamehomeless,butonlyafewlosttheirlives.ThefirestartedonSundaymorninginthehouseoftheKing'sbaker(面包师)inPuddingLane.Thebaker,withhiswifeandfamily,wasabletogetoutthroughawindowintotheroof.Astrongwindblewthefirefromthebakeryintoasmallhotelnextdoor.ThenitspreadquicklyintoThamesStreet.Thatwasthebeginning.Byeighto'clockthreehundredhouseswereonfire.OnMondaynearlyakilometerofthecitywasburningalongtheRiverThames.Tuesdaywastheworstday.Thefiredestroyedmanywell­knownbuildings,oldStPaul'sandtheGuildhallamongthem.SamuelPepys,thefamouswriter,wroteaboutthefire,“Peoplethrewtheirthingsintotheriver.Manypoorpeoplestayedintheirhousesuntilthelastmoment.Birdsfelloutoftheairbecauseoftheheat.”ThefirestoppedonlywhentheKingfinallyorderedpeopletodestroyhundredsofbuildingsinthepathofthefire.Withnothinglefttoburn,thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.Afterthefire,ChristopherWren,thearchitect(建筑师),wantedacitywithwiderstreetsandfinenewhousesofstone.Infact,thestreetsarestillnarrow,buthedidbuildmorethanfiftychurches,amongthemthenewStPaul's.Thefirecausedgreatpainandloss,butafteritLondonwasabetterplace:acityforthefutureandnotjustofthepast.9．Itseemsthatthewriterofthetextwasmostsorryforthefactthat________．A．somepeoplelosttheirlivesB．thebirdsintheskywerekilledbythefireC．manyfamousbuildingsweredestroyedD．theKing'sbakerywasburneddown10．Whydidthewritercite(引用)SamuelPepys?A．Togivethereaderaclearerpictureofthefire.B．BecausePepysalsowroteaboutthefire.C．Toshowthatpoorpeoplesufferedmost.D．BecausePepyswasamongthoseputtingoutthefire.11．Howwasthefireputoutaccordingtothetext?A．TheKingandhissoldierscametohelp.B．Allthehousesmadeofwoodinthecityweredestroyed.C．Peoplemanagedtogetenoughwaterfromtheriver.D．Housesstandinginthedirectionofthefirewerepulleddown.DDoyouknowwhatStreetSenseis?It'sanewspaperinWashingtonD．C.abouthomelesspeopleandproblemsthataffectthem.Homeless,orformerlyhomeless,Washingtonianswritemanyofthearticles.Thenewspaper'sbusinessmodelisbasedonhomelesssellerswhosellthenewspaper.Youcanhearthemcallout“StreetSenseforsale！”nearsubwayentrances,lunchplacesandotherareasaroundthecity.TheStreetSensenewspaperishousedinanofficeinaChristianchurchinWashington.EveryotherWednesdayaboutfourteenthousandcopiesareprinted.Thenewspaperexpressesthethoughtsandexperiencesofpeoplewhocallthestreetshome.FourstaffmembersworkatStreetSense,andtwoofthemarepaid.Thestaffmemberswritethefirsttwopagesofthepaper.Interns—studentsworkingaspartoftheirstudies—andvolunteershelp.Homelesswritersprovidetherestofthematerial.Thisincludespoems,storiesandessays.StreetSenseprovidestrainingforthehomelesspeoplewhowanttobeepartofthesalesteam.Afterthetraining,eachstudentisgiventenfreecopiesofStreetSense.Oncethosearesold,traineesbeerealsalespeople.Theybuypapersforthirty­fivecentseachandsellthemforadollar.LisaGillespieisthemanagingeditorofStreetSense.Shesaysthenewspaperplaysapartinhomelesspeople'slivesthatothermediacannot.Withthehelpofthenewspaper,alotofhomelesspeoplehavebeeconfidentagain,andtheirliveshavealsobeenimprovedalot.12．WhatdoesthewritermainlytellusinParagraph1?A．SomethingabouttheStreetSense.B．HomelesspeopleinWashingtonD．C.C．HowStreetSensesolveshomelesspeople'sproblems.D.StreetSenseisveryinteresting.13．HowoftenisStreetSenseprinted?A．Onceaweek.B．Twiceaweek.C．Everytwoweeks.D．Onceamonth.14．WhatdothestaffmembersmainlydoatStreetSense?A．Theysellnewspapersalongthestreet.B．Theywritethefirsttwopagesofthematerial.C．Theyeditthenewspaperaftertheyreceivearticles.D．Theyprovidethelasttwopagesofthematerial.15．Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A．IfyouareoneofthetraineesofStreetsense,youcangettendollarsfromsellingallofyournewspapers.B．TherearetoomanyhomelesspeopleinWashingtonD．C.forthegovernmenttohelp.C．MostarticlesofStreetSenseareaboutWashingtonians'lives.D．IfyoubeerealsalespeopleofStreetSense,youcangetthirty­fivecentsfromacopyofthenewspaper.Ⅱ.任务型阅读(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonewantstosucceedintheirlife,don'tthey?16.________Itreallyisn'tthathard.Followthestepsbelow,andyoucanhaveasuccessfulteenagelife!●Dowellinschool.Tryyourbest,listentotheteachers,doyourhomework,study,andgetgoodgrades.17.________Andabettereducationwillhelpyoutogetagreatjobinthefuture.●Dosomethinggoodinyourmunity.Ifyoulikehelpingpeople,volunteeratasoupkitchen.Ifyoulovehelpingtheenvironment,planttreesorpickupgarbage.18.________You'remakingabigdifferenceintheworld,andaboveall,havinglotsofvoluntaryhourswillmakeyourresume(简历)moreattractive!●19.________Rememberthey'retheretohelpyoubethebestthatyoucanbe.Respectthemandvaluetheiropinions,eveniftheyannoyyousometimes.Keepinmindthattheydothethingsbecausetheycareaboutyouandwantyoutosucceedinlife.●Havegoodfriendstohelpyouout!Friendsaretheretosupportyouandliftyourspirits.20.________Andcreateagroupofsupportive,lovingfriendsthatcanhelpyousucceedinlife.Findafewreallygoodfriendsthatwillstickwithyouonceyouleavehighschool.A．Dowhatyoulove.B．Benicetoyourparentsandteachers.C．Bewithpeoplewhomakeyouhappy.D．Thiscouldbeyourjobfortherestofyourlife.E．Doingsowillhelpyougetintoabetteruniversity.F．Evenasateenager,youcanachievesuccessinyourlife.G．Whenyouhelpothers,itwillmakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself.Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ithadbeenaniceandsunnyday.Isteppedslowlytowardstheedgeofthecliffandlookedout.The__21__waswonderful.Icould__22___thegentlewindingfromthecoastwhilewatchingthebrilliantsunset.MydadandIusedtoenjoythesunsettogetheronthatvery__23___.Wewouldalsowatchthewavescrashintothe__24___below.Mymotherwouldalwaysannoyushow__25___itwas.Iwasneverworried,__26___Ialwaysfeltsafenexttomyfather,whospentmostofhislifeoutat__27___inhisboat.Irememberonetimeonhisboat;Ihad__28___offthebackandintothecoldwateraccidentally.Mydadimmediatelyjumpedoffto__29___me.Iwouldneverforgetthatday,andfromthatpointIknew__30___wouldpreventmydadprotectingmeifIwasindanger.AsI__31___thereontopofthecliff,IrememberedthetimesIspentwithmydad.Ilookeddownsorrowfullyattheurn(骨灰瓮)__32___.Myfatherwasmyrock,someoneIcould___33__whenIneededhimmost.Butnowhewasgone,andIfeltsorrowfuland__34___．Ithadalwaysbeenmyfather'slast__35___tohavehisashesscatteredoutatsea.I__36___theurn,saida__37__farewell(告别)andthenslowlytwistedoffthelid.Thewindstartedtochange__38___，blowingouttowardsthesea.Ilookedlasttimedownatmyfather'sashesandthen__39___foramoment,Iscatteredthecontentsoutoverthecliff.Iwipedawayatear,butitwasperfecthappinessratherthansadness,becauseIfinallyknewthemanwho__40___somuchtome,myfather,wasfinallyatpeace.21．A.journeyB．conditionC．viewD．food22．A.seeB．feelC．hearD．smell23．A.spotB．riverC．dayD．moment24．A.windB．rubbishC．wallsD．rocks25．A.embarrassingB．interestingC．famousD．dangerous26．A.becauseB．whenC．ifD．though27．A.peaceB．restC．sunsetD．sea28．A.jumpedB．fallenC．divedD．swam29．AfortB．protectC．rescueD．follow30．A.everythingB．somethingC．nothingD．anything31．A.stoodB．layC．hangedD．slept32．A.undermyarmB．inmyhandsC．onmyshoulderD．aroundmyneck33．A.careforB．learnfromC．dependonD．turndown34．A.fearlessB．hopelessC．carelessD．shameless35．A.chanceB．behaviorC．ambitionD．wish36．A.lookedbackonB．lookedoutforC．lookeddownatD．lookedupto37．A.silentB．surprisingC．suddenD．strange38．A.speedB．distanceC．forceD．direction39．A.screamedB．hesitatedC．laughedD．plained40．A.helpedB．meantC．owedD．didⅣ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Howtimeflies!Iwillbeaseniorhighschoolstudentthisterm.Iamveryexcitedandnervous.IfeelexcitedbecauseI41.________(learn)moreknowledgefrommynewteachers.42.________(especial),IcanlearnmoreaboutEnglish,math,physics,chemistryandbiology.Ithinktheyare43.________(interest).Icanmeetmanynew44.________(friend)inseniorhighschoolaswell.Ithinkthey,45.________newfriends,willbefriendlyandkindhearted.IbelieveIwillgetalongwell46.________allofmynewclassmates.47.________thesayinggoes，“Afriendis48.________(easy)tobelostthanfound.”Ifyouwanttomakefriendswithothers,youshouldtreatthemtrue­heartedly.Itisreallyhard,49.________Iwilltry.IfeelnervousbecauseIheardthatitisdifficult50._________(study)inseniorhighschool.IthinkIwillmeetmanyproblemsandfallthroughmanytimes.Butit'snothingserious,becauseIknowifIworkhard,Iwillbesuccessfulatlast.Iwanttotellmyself:Try！Try!Andneversaydie!Ⅴ.短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinmyvillage.Tenyearsago,thesmallandlowhouses,whichlieonthenorthofalake,producedmuchwaste.Astheresult,thelakewasseriouspolluted.Tothewestwasasandyfield,thatwasthesourceofdust.Betterstill,abrickyardonthesouthwestsideofthelakeusedupagreatdealgoodsoil.Nowthepoorhousehavebeenreplacedbygreentreesandthebrickyardbytallbuildings.Thesandyfieldthatthevillagersusedtoploughinghasbeencoveredwithfruittrees.Onthelakethevillagersoftenspendhissparetimeboatingandfishing.Ⅵ.书面表达(满分25分)假定你是Amy，收到网友李华的电子邮件，说他上高中后，发现英语难学，现在正因成绩难以提高而犯难。为此，请你给他写一封回信。要点如下：1．要相信自己，不要放弃。信心是成功的关键和前提；2．制定一个英语学习计划，如：早读、记日记和复习语法等；3．找一份与教材同步的英语报纸，可以从中学会许多知识。注意：词数100左右。参考词汇：信心confidence；关键因素elementDearLiHua，Yourstruly，Amy单元质量检测(一)Ⅰ.语篇解读：人就像汽车一样需要食物做燃料来补充能量。恰当的饮食对身体的健康非常关键。食物一共分为四种：奶类食品、肉类、水果蔬菜类和面包谷物类。人们的饮食要这四样合理搭配，才能吃出健康。1．解析：选A细节理解题。从文中第二段“Eachmealshouldhaveatleastonefoodfromallfourmaingroups.”这句话可以看出，只有奶类、鱼肉类、蔬菜水果类和米面类四种合理搭配才算是最佳饮食。2．解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中“Eachmealshouldhaveatleastonefoodfromallfourmaingroups.”可知好的饮食习惯应该至少每顿饭菜中包括其中四类食物中的一种，选D。3．解析：选C主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了健康饮食和锻炼对身体的重要性，故选C。4．解析：选B词义猜测题。从food后面的定语“likemilk,cheeseandsourmilk”可知这类是指奶制品，选B。语篇解读：本文讲述了一个老太太为了实现自己的梦想，很大年纪上了大学。她在给足球队做演讲时说，人保持年轻和快乐的秘密就是要寻找幽默，要大笑，并且要有梦想。失去梦想，人也会死去。在她完成大学学业后一星期，她在睡梦中安静地去世了。5．解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段“Thefirstdayofschool,ourprofessorintroducedanoldladyRosetous.”可知Rose去上大学时是一个老太太，故选A。6．解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段“AttheendofthetermIinvitedRosetomakeaspeechtoourfootballteam.”可知在学期末，作者邀请Rose给足球队做演讲。故选C。7．解析：选D词义猜测题。根据与名词ability“能力”相并列，意思相近，故为“才能”的意思。故选D。8．解析：选B标题归纳题。文中围绕着一个老太太为了实现自己的梦想，上大学学习，这展示了“活到老，学到老”的精神。故选B。语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是发生在星期天的伦敦大火的情况。9．解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段“Infourdaysitdestroyedmorethanthree­quartersoftheoldcity,wheremostofthehousesweremadeofwoodandclosetogether.”可知，四天的时间里大火把四分之三的城市烧掉了，大多数的房子都是木头做的。作者开篇就说了这个，说明作者对这些建筑很惋惜，故选C。10．解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段“SamuelPepys,thefamouswriter,wroteaboutthefire,‘Peoplethrewtheirthingsintotheriver.Manypoorpeoplestayedintheirhousesuntilthelastmoment.Birdsfelloutoftheairbecauseoftheheat.’”可知，Samuel写了这段文字，描述了当时的火灾，故选A。11．解析：选D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“ThefirestoppedonlywhentheKingfinallyorderedpeopletodestroyhundredsofbuildingsinthepathofthefire”得知，国王命令人们将顺风的建筑全部推倒，大火才熄灭，故选D。语篇解读：文章讲述了一家特别的报社——StreetSense。StreetSense是华盛顿特区的一种报纸，它关注的是街上无家可归人员和他们遇到的麻烦。这个报纸的销售模式是把流浪者培训成他们的销售人员，相当于给流浪者提供了工作。12．解析：选A细节理解题。根据“It'sanewspaperinWashingtonD．C.abouthomelesspeopleandproblemsthataffectthem...Thenewspaper'sbusinessmodelisbasedonhomelesssellers”可知，第一段主要向读者介绍什么是“StreetSense”，它的运作模式等信息，故选A。13．解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段“EveryotherWednesdayaboutfourteenthousandcopiesareprinted.”可知，每隔一个周三，也就是每两周的时间出版一期，everyother“每隔……”，故选C。14．解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段“Thestaffmemberswritethefirsttwopagesofthepaper.”可知，这家报纸的员工负责写报纸的前两页内容，故选B。15．解析：选A推理判断题。根据第四段“Afterthetraining,eachstudentisgiventenfreecopiesofStreetSense.Oncethosearesold,traineesbeerealsalespeople.Theybuypapersforthirty­fivecentseachandsellthemforadollar.”可知，经过培训的学生会免费得到十份报纸，全部卖出才能成为销售人员，报社按每份35美分的价格卖给销售员，他们再以一美元一份卖给读者，由此可知，一份报纸卖一美元，故选A。Ⅱ.语篇解读：每个人都希望成功，即使孩子也不例外。那怎么才能走向成功呢？作者在文中给出了一些建议。比如要在学校努力学习；要在社区多做好事；要尊敬父母和老师；要有一些能帮助你的好朋友等等。16．解析：选F上句提到了每个人都希望成功，F选项内容是说孩子们也喜欢成功，与前句是递进关系，故选F。17．解析：选E上句作者建议要好好学习，而后句是更好的教育会帮助人们找到更好的工作，E选项是说这样做会让人能进入更好的大学，能起到承上启下的作用，故判断选E。18．解析：选G本段小标题是建议人们做些好事，前句是建议人们要热爱环境，要种树，而G选项内容是要帮助别人，内容符合语境，选G。19．解析：选B根据本段内容可知作者是建议人们要尊重父母和老师，因为他们是总在你需要的时候伸手帮助你的人，选B。20．解析：选C根据上句“liftyourspirits”可以判断C选项可以承接上文，选C。Ⅲ.语篇解读：我和爸爸的感情很好，爸爸喜欢在海上，他最后的愿望是想让我把他的骨灰撒入海中。21．解析：选C考查名词。journey“旅行”；condition“条件”；view“观点，景色”；food“食物”。根据“Isteppedslowlytowardstheedgeofthecliffandlookedout”可知我是在向下看景色，故选C。22．解析：选B考查动词。see“看见”；feel“感觉”；hear“听见”；smell“闻”。根据“thegentlewind”可知我是感受微风的吹拂，故选B。23．解析：选A考查名词。spot“地点”；river“河”；day“天”；moment“时刻”。我和爸爸过去常常在那个地方看日落，onthatspot“在那个地点”，故选A。24．解析：选D考查名词。wind“风”；rubbish“垃圾”wall“墙”；rock“岩石”。根据“Weshouldalsowatchthewavescrashintothe”可知我们要看浪花在拍打岩石，选D。25．解析：选D考查形容词。embarrassing“令人尴尬的”；interesting“感兴趣”；famous“著名”；dangerous“危险”。根据“Iwasneverworried”可知我不害怕，说明我妈妈认为这件事很危险，选D。26．解析：选A考查连词。because“因为”；when“何时”；if“如果”；though“虽然”。上下文之间是因果关系，因为我待在爸爸身边我就不会害怕，故选A。27．解析：选D考查介词短语。atpeace“和平”；atrest“休息”；atsunset“日落”；atsea“在海上”。根据“inhisboat”可知爸爸的大半生是生活在海上的，可知选D。28．解析：选B考查动词。jump“跳”；fall“倒下”；dive“潜水”；swim“游泳”。根据“intothecoldwateraccidentally”可知我突然倒下了，掉入了冰冷的海水中，故选B。29．解析：选C考查动词。fort“安慰”；protect“保护”；rescue“救援”；follow“跟随”。根据“Ihad________offthebackandintothecoldwateraccident