2023-2024学年河北省唐县第一中学高三上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

2024届高三年级上学期期末考试英语注意事项:1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwishtohavenow?A.Apairofgloves. B.Ascarf. C.Acoat.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:It’ssocoldtoday.IrememberedtowearmycoatbutIreallyshouldhaveputonascarf.M:Yes,it’sfreezing,butatleastyouhaveyourgloveswithyou.Idon’thaveapair.Ishouldgetsome.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersdo?ATraininacircus. B.Gotothefarm. C.Buysomeanimals.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Wouldyouliketogowithmetothecircus?Iwanttotrainandplaywithanimals.M:Whythecircus?Let’sgotoafarmandbecomeacowboyandacowgirl.W:Yeah,Ineverthoughtofthat!Cowsarecute,too!3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howfaristhethirdstopsign?A.Fiveblocksaway. B.Threeblocksaway. C.Twoblocksaway.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Canyouseeasfarasthestopsign?M:Whichone?Icanseethreestopsigns.Thefirstoneistwoblocksaway.Thesecondoneisthreeblocksaway.Andthelastoneistwoblocksawayfromthesecondone.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdidthemantellthewoman?A.Hewouldcomeinanhour.B.Heneededsomethingtoeat.C.Hejustfinishedtakingashower.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Sorry,couldyourepeatwhatyousaid?Ididn’thearyouveryclearly.Didyousayyouarecomingoverinanhour?M:No,IsaidIjustgotoutoftheshower.Sorry,Iwasjustchewingonsomething.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inastore. B.Inanoffice. C.Inadentist’s.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Keepquitestill,Mr.Jones.Ahyes,you’llneedatoothfillingtherebuttherestofyourteetharefine.M:That’sarelief.Thisismorefrighteningthanajobinterview.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdidthespeakersplantodo?A.Gotothemuseum. B.VisitJanet. C.Cancelameeting.7.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hewillreserveahotelinamoment.B.Theexhibitionwillbeonforamonth.C.Theymayvisitthemuseumanothertime.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Janetsaysthatshecan’tmakeitthisweekend.M:NowthatsheandPaulbothcanceled,itwilljustbeus.W:Shouldwestillgothen?Idon’tknowifitisworthit.M:Ithinkweshouldstillgo.Theticketsarecheaperthannormalthisweekend.W:Theticketsmaybecheaper,butthehotelwillcostmorewithoutthemtosplitthebillwith.Istillwanttoseethemuseum,butIcanwait.Ionlyputasideenoughmoneyforouroriginalplan.M:Iguessyou’reright.Theexhibitionwillnotbemovingforafewmonthsstill.We’llgetanotherchancetoseeitifwereschedule.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatcausedbakerstobefinedinthepast?A.Lackofbagsforbread. B.Shortweightofbread. C.Smallsizeofbread.9.Howdoesthemanmostprobablyfeelnow?A.Surprised. B.Regretful. C.Interested.【答案】8.B9.B【解析】【原文】W:Howmanyeggscomeinadozen?M:Adozenis12.W:Really?Ithoughtitwas13butthinkingaboutitnow,itwouldn’tmakesensefortheboxtohaveanunevennumberofspaces.M:Thereissomethingcalledabaker’sdozen.Alongtimeago,givingasmalleramountofbreadthanapersonpaidforwasillegal.Sothenbakersbegantoputoneextrapieceintheirbagssotheywouldnotbefined.W:Wow!Thatisinteresting!Howdoyouknowsomuchaboutoldbakers?M:Mygrandfatherownedabakery.Hemadebreadallthetime!Itwassodelicious.W:Thatdoessounddelicious.Doyouknowhowtobakebread?M:No,IwishIhadlearnedproperly.Mygrandfathertriedtoshowmeonce,butIwastooyoungtounderstand.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whointheman’sfamilyisafireman?A.Hisfather. B.Hisgrandfather. C.Hisbrother.11.Whatdoesthemansayabouthissister?A.Shelikeseatingsweets. B.Shemajorsinbiology. C.Sheisreallyfunny.12.Whatwillthewomanprobablybring?A.Adish. B.Someflowers. C.Abottleofwine.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Ican’tbelieveI’mmeetingyourentirefamilyforthefirsttimetomorrow.M:Theyarereallylookingforwardtomeetingyou.Whatareyousoworriedabout?W:Everything—whattowear,whattosay,whattobring...M:Hey,justrelaxandbeyourself.Myfamilywillwelcomeyouwithopenarms.W:Canyoutellmeaboutthemagain?M:Sure.Mymotherandfatherwerebothteachers.Mybrotherisafireman.W:Whoelsewillbethere?M:Mygrandmaandgrandpa.You’lllikemygrandma.Sheisreallysweet.Andmygrandpaisreallyfunny.W:Whatdoesyoursisterdo?M:Shestudiesbiologytoo,soyoutwoshouldhavealottotalkabout.W:Oh,good.ShouldIbringsomethingorprepareaspecialdish?M:Myparentsarecookingeverything.Abottleofwineformyparentswillbeenough.W:DoyouthinkIshouldwearthatflowerdressIhave?M:Wearwhateveryouwant.Ipromisemyparentswilllikeyounomatterwhat.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.HowlongwillthetriptoParislast?A.Fivedays. B.Twoweeks. C.Oneyear.14.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthetrip?A.Anystudentcantakepartinit.BThemanplanneditaheadoftime.C.Itishelpfultothewoman’sproject.15.Whatwillthewomanprobablypayforduringthetrip?A.Theticket. B.Somesnacks. C.Theaccommodation.16.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Closefriends. C.Fatheranddaughter.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.A【解析】原文】W:Mr.Evans,I’mnotsurewhattodoformyseniorproject.IthoughtIwouldwriteaboutFrenchsocietyduringNapoleon’stime.ButI’mnotexactlythrilledaboutdoingatonofresearch.M:Listen,Iknowaprofessorwhoisplanningafive-daytriptoParisforhisFrenchclass.Doyouthinkyourfatherwouldletyougo?W:Idon’tknow.Heprobablywouldn’twantmewanderingaroundaforeigncityonmyown.M:Well,youwouldn’tbealone.Andyou’dstillhavetofinishyourproject.Butthisprofessorwillbetakinghisgrouptomanydifferentmuseums,libraries,andmonuments—thebestsourcesofinformation!HowfluentareyouinFrench?W:Icanspeakandreadverywell.M:Good!Well,thetripisintwoweeks.TalktoyourfatherandletmeknowbyFridayifyou’llbeabletogo.I’llarrangeeverythingandtalktotheschoolprincipalafterthat.W:Umm,howmuchwilltheticketbe?M:Thatwillbepaidbytheschool.Thereisaspecialfundforoutstandingseniorslikeyouwhoaregoingtocollegenextyear.Andtheprofessorwillbeabletousehisresearchmoneytopayforyourmealsandaccommodation.You’djustneedtopayforextrathingslikesnacksorsouvenirs.W:Wow!Thatwillcertainlyhelpconvincemyfather!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhyaresomeAfricancountriescriticized?A.Theybankillinganimals.B.Lionsareallowedtobekilled.C.Animalsthereareendangered.18.Whatdoweknowaboutthewhite-taileddeerinAmerica?A.Theyareunderpopulated. B.Theyareprotectedwell. C.Theyareoutofcontrol.19.Whoaretoblameforthedeer-relatedaccidentsaccordingtoanimalrightsgroups?A.Hunters. B.Drivers. C.Roadworkers.20.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttosay?A.Humansshouldliveinharmonywithanimals.B.Huntingwillcontinueintheshortrun.C.Animalsshouldnotbekilledfordinner.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Huntingispartofthecultureinmanycountriesaroundtheworld,includingrighthereintheEuropeanUnion.Recently,someAfricancountrieshavebeenwidelycriticizedforallowingtouriststokilllions.Incaseswheretheanimalsareendangered,almosteveryoneagreesthatthistypeofhuntingshouldbebanned.However,peoplearemuchmoredividedaboutarecentsituationintheU.S.Thepopulationsofwhite-taileddeerhavegottenoutofcontrolthroughoutthecountrybecausenoanimalskillthemforfood.Hunterswanttoincreasethenumberofwhite-taileddeerthey’realreadyallowedtoshoot.Becausethedeercausecaraccidents,thehuntersthinkthey’reactuallysavinghumanlivesbykillingthedeer.Andthedeeraresooverpopulated.Animalrightsgroupssaythatdeer-relatedaccidentsareactuallycausedbyhunterswhoscarethedeerontoroads.Whilethatclaimishardtoconfirm,thisoneisn’t:thenumberofdeer-relatedcaraccidentscan’tcomparewiththe200hunting-relatedhumandeathseveryyear.Finally,thesegroupsbelievethatanimalsshouldbeabletolivefreelyintheirenvironment,withouthavingtoworryaboutbeingkilled.Unfortunately,thislastpointishardtoarguewhensomanycows,chickens,andpigsarekilledforourdinners.Thetruthisthathuntingisunlikelytostopanytimesoon.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAschoolPictureDayusuallyoccurseitheronceinthefall,ortwiceayearduringboththestartofthefallandspringterms.AschoolPictureDayisyouandyourchildren’schancetorecordandkeepmemoriesfortheschoolyear.MissingaPictureDaymeansmissingoutonjoyandspecialmomentsofthechildhood—soit’simportanttoplanahead.HairstyleDon’tgetanewhaircutrightbeforethePictureDay.Ifyou’replanningyourchildren’shaircutforthePictureDay,makesureitgetsdoneatleasttwoweeksbeforethePictureDay.Thiswillensurethatanybadspotshavetimetogrowbackbeforethephotos.Trytosticktoaneutralhaircut.Recenttrendinghairstyles,colorsandotheruniquehairstylesmaynotgowell.Youshouldfindahairstylethatisbothneutralandsomethingthatrepresentsyourchildren’spersonality.Keepthehairoutoftheirface.Ifyourchildren’shairnaturallyfallsinfrontoftheirface,trytousehairpins,hairspray,orevenafreshhaircuttokeeptheirbrightsmileshiningthrough.ClothingDressfortheweather.Ifit’scoldoutside,youshouldmakesureyourchildrenarriveatschoolinclothingthatkeepsthemwarm.Onthecontrary,ifthePictureDayisscheduledonaforecastheatwave,dressingyourchildreninwarmerclothing(evenifit’syourfavoriteone)couldresultinsweatshowingupinthephotos.Don’tmakeyourchildrenwearanythingtheydon’tlike.They’llshineinclothingthey’recomfortablein,butwilllookobviouslylesscomfortableinonetheydon’tlike.Helpyourchildrenshowtheirbestsidebylettingthemwearclothestheylove.Accessories(配饰)Keepjewelryminimal.Youneverwantchildren’sjewelrytodistractfromtheirphotos.Iftheydowanttowearsomesortofjewelry,makesurethatit’ssmallorunderstated.Avoidhats.Hatsdolittlehelp,otherthancoveringupyourchildren’sheadandfaceandshouldneverbeincluded.21.Whoisthetextintendedfor?A.Parents. B.Students. C.Teachers. D.Photographers.22.Whatisarequirementforchildren’shairstyleonthePictureDay?A.Itshouldbenewlycut. B.Itshouldbecoloredinarecenttrend.C.Itshouldcoverthesmile. D.Itshouldshowchildren’suniqueness.23.Inordertohavebetterphotos,childrenhadbetter________.A.choosewarmclothes B.avoidmuchjewelryC.followadults D.wearasmallhat【答案】21.A22.D23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了照片日的几点注意事项。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“AschoolPictureDayisyouandyourchildren’schancetorecordandkeepmemoriesfortheschoolyear.(学校照片日是您和您的孩子记录和保存学年记忆的机会。)”及后文中出现的“yourchildren(你的孩子们)”可推断，这篇文章是写给父母们的。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Hairstyle中的“Youshouldfindahairstylethatisbothneutralandsomethingthatrepresentsyourchildren’spersonality.(你应该找一个既中性又能代表孩子个性的发型。)”可知，照片日对孩子们发型的一个要求是它们能展示孩子的独特性。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Accessories(配饰)中“Keepjewelryminimal.(尽量少戴珠宝。)”可知，在照片日，孩子们要尽可能避免佩戴太多的首饰。故选B。BOnApril10,theUniversityofUtahbecameofficiallyBeeCampuscertificated.ThisprocesswasstartedbyseniorZoēBrossinhersecondyearoncampus.BeeCampusUSAhopestoprotectthenativepollinators(传粉者)oncollegecampusesbyincreasingthenumberofnativeplants,providingnestsites,reducingtheuseofpesticides,andofferingeducationalopportunitiesthathelpwithpollinatorconservation.Afterfirsthearingherschoolwasn’tcertificatedaBeeCampusandfindingbecomingBeeCampuscertificatedwouldgivetheUniversitymorepointsontheAdvancementofSustainabilityinHigherEducationSustainabilityTracking,Assessment&RatingSystem(STARS)program,whichdecidesratingstocampusesaccordingtotheirsustainableefforts,Brosswantedtohelp.TherearemanyrequirementstobecomeBeeCampuscertificated.ThefirstmajorstepforBrosswastocreateastandingBeeCampuscommitteewithamixofstudentsandstaff.Brosstriedtoreachouttoprofessorsandpeoplespecializinginthisfield.Aftermanyefforts,theprogramwasfinallypassedthroughandagardenforitwascreated.Over100peopleshoweduptohelpplantinthegarden.Aftertheplantingwasdone,Grounds,responsibleforplantingthepollinatorgardens,setuptheirhydroseeder(水力播种机)andletattendeestaketurnssprayingthehill,withamixtureofwaterandwildflowerseeds,makingtheareamorepollinator-friendly.Rocky,theschoolrobot,evenmadeanappearance,takingturnsspraying.CertificatedbyBeeCampusUSA,BeeCampusesareexpectedtocontinuemaintainingorimprovingpollinatorhabitatsoncampuses,aswellasmaintaininganeducationalonlinepresence.“Iseethecampuscontinuingtobeveryinterested,”Brossstated.Futureplansforthecampusincludemorepollinatorgardens,nativewildflowers,andevenbeesculpturestoprovidenewhabitats.AsforBross?Shepicturesherselfsomewherewarmandsunnyinthenearfuture,workinginenvironmentalcommunicationsanddoingsomethingforthechangeshewantstoseeintheworld.24.WhatisthepurposeofBeeCampusUSA?A.Tooffersomeadviceonsustainabledevelopment.B.Tofindeducationalopportunitiestoratethecollege.C.Toprotectnativepollinatorsoncollegecampuses.D.Toincreasethenumberofcollegecampuses.25.WhatdidBrossneedtodofirst?A.Formacommittee. B.Buyahydroseeder.C.Createagarden. D.Joinastudentorganization.26.WhydidRockyappearinthegarden?A.Toscarethepollinatorsaway. B.Tohelpspraythehill.C.Toplantwildflowerseeds. D.Towelcomepeople.27.WhatcanweknowaboutBrossfromthelastparagraph?A.Sheisfondofdrawing. B.Shewilllookforsomenewhabitats.C.Sheownspollinatorgardens. D.Shehasanenvironment-relatedworkplan.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了大四学生ZoeBross帮助她所在的大学正式获得蜜蜂校园认证的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“BeeCampusUSAhopestoprotectthenativepollinators(传粉者)oncollegecampusesbyincreasingthenumberofnativeplants,providingnestsites,reducingtheuseofpesticides,andofferingeducationalopportunitiesthathelpwithpollinatorconservation.(美国蜜蜂校园希望通过增加本土植物的数量，提供巢穴，减少杀虫剂的使用，以及提供有助于保护传粉媒介的教育机会，来保护大学校园里的本土传粉媒介)”可知，BeeCampusUSA的目的是保护大学校园中的本土传粉昆虫。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThefirstmajorstepforBrosswastocreatastandingBeeCampuscommitteewithamixofstudentsandstaff.(布罗斯的第一个重要步骤是建立一个由学生和工作人员组成的常设校园委员会)”可知，Bross首先需要做的是成立一个委员会。故选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Aftertheplantingwasdone,Grounds,responsibleforplantingthepollinatorgardens,setuptheirhydroseeder(水力播种机)andletattendeestaketurnssprayingthehill,withamixtureofwaterandwildflowerseeds,makingtheareamorepollinator-friendly.Rocky,theschoolrobot,evenmadeanappearance,takingturnsspraying.(种植完成后，负责种植传粉昆虫花园的Grounds设置了他们的水力播种机，让管护人员轮流向山上喷洒水和野花种子的混合物，进而使该地区对传粉昆虫更友好。学校的机器人洛奇甚至也出现了，轮流喷洒)”可知，学校的机器人在花园中给小山喷洒水和野花种子的混合物。故选B项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Shepicturesherselfsomewherewarmandsunnyinthenearfuture,workinginenvironmentalcommunicationsanddoingsomethingforthechangeshewantstoseeintheworld.(在不久的将来，她想象着自己在一个温暖而阳光明媚的地方，从事环境传播工作，为她想看到的世界的变化做点什么)”可推知，Bross计划从事环境相关工作，继续为改善环境而努力。故选D项。CResearchershavetrainedarobot“chef”towatchandlearnfromcookingvideos,andrecreatethedishitself.GrzegorzSochacki,aPhDinBio-InspiredRoboticsLaboratory,andhiscolleaguesdesignedeightsimplesaladrecipesandfilmedthemselvesmakingthem.Theythenusedapubliclyavailableneuralnetwork(神经元网络)totraintheirrobotchef.Theneuralnetworkhadalreadybeenprogrammedtoidentifyarangeofdifferentobjects,includingthefruitsandvegetablesusedintheeightsaladrecipes.Usingcomputervisiontechniques,therobotanalyzedeachframe(画面)ofvideosandwasabletoidentifythedifferentobjectsandfeatures,suchasaknifeandtheingredients(佐料),aswellasthehumandemonstrator’sarms,handsandface.Boththerecipesandthevideoswerechangedtovectors(模型)andtherobotperformedmathematicaloperationsonthevectorstodeterminethesimilaritybetweenademonstrationandavector.Bycorrectlyidentifyingtheingredientsandtheactionsofthehumanchef,therobotcoulddeterminewhichoftherecipeswasbeingprepared.Therobotcouldinferthatifthehumanchefwasholdingaknifeinonehandandacarrotintheother,thecarrotwouldthengetcutup.Ofthe16videositwatched,therobotrecognizedthecorrectrecipes93%ofthetime.Therobotwasalsoabletodetectthatslightchangesinarecipe,suchasmakingadoubleportion(份)ornormalhumanerrors,werechangesanddidn’tmeananewrecipe.Therobotalsocorrectlyrecognizedthedemonstrationofanew,ninthsalad,addedittoitscookbookandmadeit.“Ourrobotisn’tinterestedinthesortsoffoodvideosthatarepopularonline,whichquicklymovebackandforthbetweenthepersonpreparingthefoodandthedishthey’repreparing—they’resimplytoohardtofollow,”saidSochacki.“Butastheserobotchefsgetbetterandfaster,theywillbeabletousethosevideostolearnawholerangeofrecipes.”28.WhatdidSochackiandhiscolleaguesdofortheexperiment?A.Theypostedafilmfeaturingnetworkonline.B.Theymadevideostotraintheirrobotchef.C.Theydesignedaneuralnetworkthemselves.D.Theyprepared16saladrecipesfortherobot.29.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph3?A.Thelearningprocessoftherobotchefisveryeasy.B.Itisdifficulttotellingredientsfromhumanchefs’faces.C.Therobotchefcanpredictwhatwillhappennextaccordingly.D.Fewmathematicaloperationsareneededfortheidentification.30.WhatisSochacki’sattitudetowardsthefutureofrobotchefs?A.Positive. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Worried.31.Whichisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheSimilarityBetweenaDemonstrationandaVectorIsProvedB.APubliclyAvailableNeuralNetworkMakesCookingEasierC.OnlineVideosHelpRobotChefsLearnaWholeRangeofRecipesD.ARobotChefLearnstoRecreateRecipesfromWatchingFoodVideos【答案】28.B29.C30.A31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员训练了一个机器人，它通过观看学习烹饪视频，学会了自己制作菜肴。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“GrzegorzSochacki,aPhDinBio-InspiredRoboticsLaboratory,andhiscolleaguesdesignedeightsimplesaladrecipesandfilmedthemselvesmakingthem.Theythenusedapubliclyavailableneuralnetwork(神经元网络)totraintheirrobotchef.(GrzegorzSochacki是仿生机器人实验室的博士，他和他的同事们设计了八种简单的沙拉食谱，并拍摄了他们制作沙拉的过程。然后，他们使用一个公开的神经网络来训练他们的机器人厨师。)”可知，Sochacki和他的同事在实验中制作视频来训练他们的机器人厨师。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Therobotcouldinferthatifthehumanchefwasholdingaknifeinonehandandacarrotintheother,thecarrotwouldthengetcutup.(机器人可以推断，如果人类厨师一只手拿着刀，另一只手拿着胡萝卜，那么胡萝卜就会被切开。)”可推断，机器人能判断接下来会发生什么。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Butastheserobotchefsgetbetterandfaster,theywillbeabletousethosevideostolearnawholerangeofrecipes.””(“但随着这些机器人厨师变得越来越好、越来越快，他们将能够利用这些视频学习各种各样的食谱。”)可推断，Sochacki对这些机器人的未来持积极的态度。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Researchershavetrainedarobot“chef”towatchandlearnfromcookingvideos,andrecreatethedishitself.(研究人员已经训练了一个机器人“厨师”，它可以观看和学习烹饪视频，并自己制作菜肴。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是研究人员训练了一个机器人，它通过观看学习烹饪视频，学会了自己制作菜肴，因此最好的标题是D选项“ARobotChefLearnstoRecreateRecipesfromWatchingFoodVideos(机器人厨师从观看美食视频中学习重新制作食谱)”。故选D。DMorethan50percentofthelargestlakesintheworldarelosingwater,storinglesswaterthantheydidthreedecadesago,accordingtoanewassessmentpublishedtodayinScience.Thekeycausesarenotsurprising:Thewarmingclimateandunsustainablehumanconsumption.LeadauthorFangfangYao,aclimatefellowatUniversityofVirginia,andhisteamcreatedatechniquetomeasurechangesinwaterlevelsofnearly2,000oftheworld’sbiggestlakesandreservoirs(水库),whichrepresent95percentofthetotallakewaterstorageonEarth.Theyused250,000lake-areapicturestakenbysatellitesbetween1992and2020tosurveytheareaof1,972ofEarth’sbiggestlakes.Theycollectedwaterlevelsfromninesatellitealtimeters(测高计)andusedlong-termwaterlevelstoreduceanyuncertainty.Forlakeswithoutalong-termlevelrecord,theyusedrecentwatermeasurementsmadebynewerinstrumentsonsatellites.Combiningrecentlevelmeasurementswithlonger-termareameasurementsallowedscientiststoreconstructthevolumeoflakesdatingbackdecades.Theresultwasstaggering:53percentoflakesgloballyexperiencedadeclineinwaterstorage.Theauthorscomparethislosswiththesizeof17LakeMeads,thelargestreservoirintheUnitedStates.Toexplainthetrendsinnaturallakes,theteamusedrecentadvancementsinwateruseandclimatemodeling.“Climatechangeandhumanwaterconsumptionweremainlyresponsiblefortheglobalnetdeclineinnaturallakevolumeandwaterlossesinabout100largelakes,”Yaosaid.“Andmanyofthehumanandclimatechangefootprintsonlakewaterlosseswerepreviouslyunknown,suchasthedrynessofLakeGood-e-ZarehinAfghanistan.”Andtheirresearchoffersanunderstandingintopossiblesolutions.Yaosaid,“Ifhumanconsumptionisalargecauseoflakewaterstoragedecline,thenwecanadaptandexplorenewpoliciestoreducelarge-scale(大范围)declines.”Thishappenedinoneofthelakestheteamstudied,LakeSevaninArmenia.LakeSevanhasseenanincreaseinwaterstorage,inthelast20years,whichtheauthorslinkedtotheenforcement(实施)ofconservationlawsonwaterwithdrawalsincetheearly2000s.32.Whatphenomenondoestheauthordescribeatthebeginningofthetext?A.Manylargestlakesareindecline. B.Sustainabledevelopmentisimportant.C.Globalwarmingisworseningquickly. D.Thewaterstoragesystemneedsimproving.33.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thereasonforreducingtheuncertainty. B.Theprocessoflookingforlakes.C.Themeasuresusedtodotheresearch. D.Thewaystoreconstructthelakes.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Understandable. B.Exciting. C.Useful. D.Shocking.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Theincreaseinhumanconsumptionhasslowed.B.Somelawsareneededtoincreaselakewaterstorage.C.Lakeshaveseensignificantgrowthinwaterincrease.D.Waterresourcesmanagementisunknowntothepublic.【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。世界上超过50%的最大湖泊正在失去水，储水量比30年前减少了，关键原因是气候变暖和人类活动。文章对此进行了详细介绍。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Morethan50percentofthelargestlakesintheworldarelosingwater,storinglesswaterthantheydidthreedecadesago,accordingtoanewassessmentpublishedtodayinScience.(根据今天发表在《科学》杂志上的一项新评估，世界上超过50%的最大湖泊正在失去水，储水量比30年前减少了。)”可知，作者在文章开头描述了许多最大的湖泊正在减少的现象。故选A。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段前三句“Theyused250,000lake-areapicturestakenbysatellitesbetween1992and2020tosurveytheareaof1,972ofEarth’sbiggestlakes.Theycollectedwaterlevelsfromninesatellitealtimeters(测高计)andusedlong-termwaterlevelstoreduceanyuncertainty.Forlakeswithoutalong-termlevelrecord,theyusedrecentwatermeasurementsmadebynewerinstrumentsonsatellites.(他们利用卫星在1992年至2020年间拍摄的25万张湖泊照片，调查了1972个地球上最大的湖泊。他们从9个卫星高度计收集水位，并使用长期水位来减少任何不确定性。对于没有长期水位记录的湖泊，他们使用了最近由卫星上的新仪器进行的水位测量。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了用来做调查的方法。故选C。【34题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“53percentoflakesgloballyexperiencedadeclineinwaterstorage.Theauthorscomparethislosswiththesizeof17LakeMeads,thelargestreservoirintheUnitedStates.(全球53%的湖泊储水量下降。作者将这一损失与美国最大的水库米德斯湖的大小进行了比较。)”可知，此处是指调查结果令人震惊，所以staggering意为“令人震惊的”。故选D。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“LakeSevanhasseenanincreaseinwaterstorage,inthelast20years,whichtheauthorslinkedtotheenforcement(实施)ofconservationlawsonwaterwithdrawalsincetheearly2000s.(在过去的20年里，塞万湖的储水量有所增加，作者认为这与21世纪初以来有关取水的保护法律的执行有关。)”和第二句中的“Ifhumanconsumptionisalargecauseoflakewaterstoragedecline,thenwecanadaptandexplorenewpoliciestoreducelarge-scale(大范围)declines.(如果人类的消费是湖泊储水量下降的主要原因，那么我们可以适应和探索新的政策来减少大规模的下降。)”可知，从最后一段中可以推断出需要制定一些法律来增加湖泊储水量。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyoneexperiencesstressinsomeformoranother.However,thereareactionsyoucantaketoreduceyourstresslevelandintroducesomepeacebackintoyourroutine.____36____Getactive.Anyphysicalactivity,includingsimplytakingawalk,isaneffectivestressreliever.Aerobic(有氧的)exercisereleasesendorphinsthatincreasefeelingsofhappinessandhelpyoumaintainapositiveattitude.____37____Ifyouaren’tintotraditionalexercise,tryanytypeofmovementthatfeelsgood,fromdancingaroundyourbedroomtojumpingonatrampoline.___38___Mindfulness(正念)isthestress-reducingpracticeofnonjudgmentalawareness.Therearemanymindfulnessexercisesyoucantry,frommeditation(冥想)tomindfulphysicalactivitysuchasyogaortaichi.Forexample,inmeditation,youfocusyourmindonsomethingsimplelikeyourbreath,practicegentlylettinggoofeachnegativethought,andthenreturnyourfocustoyourbreath.Trysomesimplemeditationguidesifyou’renewtothepractice.Prioritizesleep.Whenyou’restressed,youmayfindyourselfsleepinglessortossingandturningduringthenight.___39___Onthecontrary,agoodnight’ssleepallowsyourbodyandmindtorest,givingyouafreshstartandenergytohandleallyouneedtodo.Seekprofessionalsupport.___40___That’sbecauseyoumaybecomemoreatalosswhenyouarestressed.Alicensedconsultantcanhelpyouidentifyandfindsolutionstoyourstressandteachyounewcopingskills.A.Trymeditation.B.Practicemindfulness.C.Youdon’thavetodealwithstressonyourown.D.Keepyourfocusondeep,slowbreathingexercises.E.Herearesomesuggestionsonhowtoreducestress.F.Alackofqualitysleep