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Unit4EarthquakesINC"必备知识·盘点夯基BIBEIZHISHIPANDIANHANGJIⅠ.单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1.__burst__vi.爆裂;爆发n.突然破裂;爆发2.__disaster__n.灾难;灾祸3.__rescue__n.&vt.援救;营救4.__bury__vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏5.__destroy__vt.破坏;毁坏;消灭6.__damage__n.&vt.损失;损害7.__ruin__n.废墟;毁灭vt.毁灭;使破产8.__trap__vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱;困境9.__electricity__n.电;电流;电学10.__sincerely__adv.真诚地;真挚地11.__judge__n.裁判员;法官vt.断定;判断;判决12.__shelter__n.掩蔽;掩蔽处;避身处1.(2020·新高考卷)Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek__shelter__(掩蔽处)duringthedaytime.2.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Ihaveaverystrongfearthattheliewe'retellingisdoingspiritual__damage__(伤害)toourchildren.3.Shehidherfaceinherhandsand__burst__(burst)intotears.4.__Buried__(bury)inhisstudy,hedidn'tnoticetheotherclassmateshadleft.5.(2018·北京卷)Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho__hadbeentrapped__(trap)inthemountainsfortwodays.6.Thisisoneoftheworstnatural__disasters__(disaster)evertohitthearea.7.Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewerecompletely__destroyed__(destroy).8.Luckily,mykindneighbor__rescued__(rescue)alittlegirlfromdrowninglastnight.拓展单词1.__nation__n.民族;国家;国民→__national__adj.民族的;国家的;国民的→__nationality__n.国籍2.__shock__vt.&vi.(使)震惊;震动n.休克;打击;震惊→__shocking__adj.令人震惊的→__shocked__adj.感到震惊的3.__injure__vt.损害;伤害→__injury__n.伤害;损害→__injured__adj.受伤的4.__express__vt.表示;表达n.快车;速递→__expression__n.表达;表情5.__frighten__vt.使惊吓;吓唬→__frightened__adj.受惊的;受恐吓的→__frightening__adj.令人恐惧的6.__congratulation__n.祝贺→__congratulate__vt.祝贺7.__extreme__adj.极度的→__extremely__adv.极度地8.__dirt__n.污垢;泥土→__dirty__adj.脏的,肮脏的9.__mine__n.矿;矿山;矿井→__miner__n.矿工10.__useless__adj.无用的;无益的→__useful__adj.有用的1.Afterseeingthe__frightening__film,the__frightened__boywastoo__frightened__towalkhomealoneinthedark.(frighten)2.Theheadmasterwrotealetterto__congratulate__heronhergoodperformanceandtheexciting__congratulations__encouragedhergreatly.(congratulate)3.Theearthquake__ruined__ourvillagecompletely,onlyleavingitin__ruins__,butitcouldn't__ruin__ourdreamandhope.(ruin)4.Wewere__shocked__atthe__shocking__newsthathediedsuddenlyyesterday.(shock)5.Rescuerssaidthe__injured__weretakentoahospitalnearby,andfortunatelythe__injury__wasnotserious,notlifethreatening.(injure)联想积累:1.“-ing/-ed”结尾的形容词聚焦①eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(shocking令人震惊的,shocked感到震惊的))②eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(frightening令人恐惧的,frightened受惊的))③eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(terrifying令人恐怖的,terrified感到害怕的))2.“A→A→A”式不规则动词变化①burst→burst→burst爆裂;爆发②cost→cost→cost花费③put→put→put放下④hurt→hurt→hurt伤害⑤shut→shut→shut关闭⑥hit→hit→hit打⑦cut→cut→cut砍,切⑧forecast→forecast→forecast预报3.“adj.+-ity=n.荟萃”①electricity电;电流;电学②popularity受欢迎;流行③reality现实④similarity相似点⑤security安全⑥equality平等4.“自然灾害”大聚焦①disastern.灾难;灾祸②earthquaken.地震③droughtn.干旱;旱灾④hurricanen.飓风Ⅱ.短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1.__rightaway__立刻;马上2.__asif__仿佛;好像3.__atanend__结束;终结4.__inruins__严重受损;破败不堪5.__digout__掘出;发现6.__a(great)numberof__许多;大量的7.__cutoff__切断8.__betrappedin__陷入9.__beburiedin__埋头于10.__judgingfrom__从……判断11.__giveout__分发;用尽;用完12.__intheopenair__在户外语境运用1.Therewere__agreatnumberof__childrenplayingontheplaygroundwhenwearrived.2.Therescuers__gaveout__foodsuppliesandtentstothesurvivorsoftheearthquake.3.Thesoldierswereworkinghard__todigout__thepeoplewhoweretrappedinthefallenbuilding.4.ThankGod!Ourtoday'shardworkis__atanend__andwecannowhaveashortrestandthendinner.5.I'msorrythatIforgottobringyourmedicinedownstairs;Iwillgoupstairsandgetit__rightaway__.6.__Judgingfrom__hislook,hedoesn'tthinkmuchofourplan.Ⅲ.句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.在农家院里,鸡甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。too...to...意为“太……而不能……”,表示否定意义。1.(2018·北京卷书面表达)正如谚语所说,活到老学到老。Astheoldsayinggoes,“It'snever__toolatetolearn__.”2.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!世界好像到了末日!asif“好像”后常接表语从句或方式状语从句,若表示非真实情况用虚拟语气。2.(上海卷写作)孩子们尊敬她就像她是他们的妈妈。Thekidslookeduptoher__asif/thoughsheweretheirownmother__.3.Allhopewasnotlost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。本句是部分否定。All...not...=Notall...“并不是所有的……都……”。3.(上海卷写作)但是,并非所有的孩子都认为父母以他们为荣。However,__notallchildren__considerthattheirparentsareproudofthem.INC"核心素养·精讲层练HEXINSUYANGJINGJIANGCENGLIAN1.burstv.(burst,burst)(使)爆裂;突发n.突发;爆裂eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)burstin闯进来;突然插嘴burstinto突然爆发;闯入(2)burstintolaughter=burstoutlaughing放声大笑burstintotears=burstoutcrying放声大哭burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支(3)aburstof...一阵……;突然爆发……eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Q))巧学助记burst的多层含义eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—完成句子。①Uponhisappearancetherewas__aburstofapplause__.他一出现就爆发了一阵掌声。②Hearingthebadnews,he__burstwithanger__anddecidedtotakeactiontofightback.听到这个坏消息,他勃然大怒,并决定采取行动反击。③Thepolice__burstin__andarrestedthethief.警察突然闯进来,逮捕了小偷。提能—一句多译。这个可爱的小男孩竟然当众哭了起来,这让所有的宾客哄堂大笑。④Thelovelyboy__burstintotears__inpublic,whichmadealltheguests__burstintolaughter__.(burstinto)⑤Thelovelyboy__burstoutcrying__inpublic,whichmadealltheguests__burstoutlaughing__.(burstout)2.injurevt.伤害;使受伤;损害eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展injuredadj.受伤的injuryn.伤;伤口;伤害eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳injuresb.伤害某人injuresb.'sleg/arm/eye/knee伤害某人的腿/胳膊/眼睛/膝盖injuresb.'sreputation/figure/feelings,etc.损害某人的名誉/形象/伤害某人的感情等be/getseriously/slightlyinjured受重/轻伤theinjured伤员;伤者eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))易混辨析injure多指意外事故造成的伤害,也可指对名誉、地位的损害wound指人在战斗、攻击中受伤,身体上出现明显的伤口,多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt多指精神上受到伤害,也可指身体上的疼痛harm指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害,损害,有害于”。常用短语doharmto“对……有害”eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Q))巧学助记eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Though__injured__(injure)intheleg,thesoldierfoughttotheend.②Hesufferedserious__injuries__(injure)tothearmsandshoulders.③The__injured__(injure)weresuccessfullyrescuedfromtheruins.夯基—用injure,wound,hurt,harm的正确形式填空。④Heclaimedthatworkingtoohardwas__harming__hishealth.⑤Hediedofasinglegunshot__wound__totheleftsideofhishead.⑥Whathesaid__hurt__medeeply.⑦Oneoftheplayers__injured__hiskneeandhadtobecarriedoff.⑧(2018·北京卷)Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonce__injured__ankle__hurt__badly.提能—补全句子/句式升级。⑨Myleftfoot__wasseriouslyinjured__(严重受伤),soIcan'tgowithyouasplanned.→__Withmyleftfootseriouslyinjured__,Ican'tgowithyouasplanned.(with复合结构)3.ruinn.[U]毁灭;毁坏;崩溃;[常用复数]废墟;遗迹vt.(使)毁坏;毁灭;成为废墟;使破产eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)lie/beinruins成为废墟come/go/falltoruin毁灭;灭亡;崩溃bring...toruin使……毁灭;使……没落;使……破产(2)ruinoneself毁掉自己;自取灭亡ruinone'shealth/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Q))巧学助记eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①(北京卷)WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodin__ruins__(ruin).②Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completely__ruining__(ruin)ourholiday.③Ifyou'readdictedtoplayingcomputergames,you'llruin__yourself__.提能—一句多译。他犯了个错误,这让他失去了出国的机会。④Hemadeamistake,__whichruinedhischance__ofgoingabroad.(定语从句)⑤Hemadeamistake,__ruininghischance__ofgoingabroad.(分词作状语)4.judgen.裁判员;法官vt.断定;判决;判断eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展judg(e)mentn.判断makeajudgementabout...对……作出评价eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳judgesb./sth.by/from...以……判断某人/某事judgingfrom/by...从……判断(常作插入语使用)judgesb./sth.(tobe)good/bad/fair认定某人/某事好/坏/公平asfarassb.canjudge据某人判断eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))温馨提示judgingfrom/by...置于句首作状语。v.-ing形式不受主语的限制,构成独立成分。类似用法的词或短语还有:generallyspeaking一般来说;franklyspeaking坦白地说;considering...考虑到……。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①(2018·江苏卷)Theeconomicimpactoftheartsisoftenoverlookedandbadly__judged__(judge).②I'mwritingtoinviteyoutobe__a__judgeatourEnglishspeechcontesttobeheldinourschoolonJune15.③__Judging__(judge)fromtheabovestory,wecandrawtheconclusionthatwecan'tjudgeabook__by/from__itscover.提能—完成句子。④__AsfarasIcanjudge__,hewillrefuseto__makeajudgementabout__thepresentsituation.据我判断,他会拒绝评价目前的形势。5.buryvt.埋葬,掩埋;隐藏;使沉浸,使专心;插入,刺入eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)buryone'shead/faceinhands双手抱头/掩面(2)beburiedin=buryoneselfin专心于beburiedinthought沉思eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名师点津表示“专心于;致力于”的短语还有:bedevotedtobelost/engaged/absorbedinfocus/concentrateonfix/concentrateone'sattentiononeq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Hewalkedslowly,hishand__buried__(bury)inhispocket.②__Burying__(bury)hisfaceinhishands,hetriedtocontrolhisweeping.③Shesatthereandsaidnothing,__buried__(bury)inthought.提能—句式升级。④Becausesheburiedherselfinthefilm,shedidn'tknowitwassnowingoutside.→__Buryingherselfinthefilm__,shedidn'tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)→__Buriedinthefilm__,shedidn'tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)6.atanend终结;结束eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)bring...toanend使……终止cometoanend结束putanendto...使……终止(2)make(both)endsmeet量入为出;收支相抵(3)attheendof...在……末端;在……结束时bytheendof...到……末为止intheend最后;最终(4)endupwith...以……结束/告终endupdoingsth.以做……结束eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))温馨提示atanend后不可接of;attheendof中的of不可省略,后面既可接时间名词,也可接地点名词;bytheendof后面接表示时间的名词,谓语要与完成时连用;bytheendof+过去时间,谓语用过去完成时;bytheendof+将来时间,谓语用将来完成时。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Bytheendofnextweek,I__willhavefinished__(finish)mostofthework.②(2020·新高考卷读后续写)Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomake__ends__(end)meet.③(2020·新高考卷)Hisvisit,however,endedup__involving__(involve)alotmorethanthat.提能—一句多译。会议结束了,我们离开了会议室。④Themeeting__wasatanendandweleftthemeetingroom__.(at)⑤Themeeting__cametoanendandweleftthemeetingroom__.(come)⑥We__putanendtothemeetingandleftthemeetingroom__.(put)⑦We__broughtthemeetingtoanendandleftthemeetingroom__.(bring)7.agreatnumberof许多;大量eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(alarge/great/goodnumberof,agreat/goodmany,agoodfew/quiteafew))eq\a\vs4\al\co1(+可数名词复数+,复数谓语动词)(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(agood/greatdealof,agreat/largeamountof,quitealittle))eq\a\vs4\al\co1(+不可数名词+单数,谓语动词)(3)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(alotof/lotsof,agreat/largequantityof,largequantitiesof,plentyof))eq\a\vs4\al\co1(+可数名词复,数或不可数,名词)(4)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(manya,morethanone))eq\a\vs4\al\co1(+单数可数名词,+单数谓语动词)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(M))名师点津largequantitiesof后跟名词(可数或不可数)作主语,谓语动词一律用复数。largeamountsof后跟不可数名词作主语,谓语动词也用复数形式。thenumberof后跟可数名词复数作主语,表示“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Alargenumberofbooks__havebeenstolen__(steal)fromthelibrarysofar.②Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacross__hasdeclined__(decline)by50percentinrecentyears.③Morethanonedoctor__wasinvolved__(involve)intherescuethattookplaceaftertheearthquake.④Onesurveyshowsthatlargeamountsofwater__arewasted__(waste)everyyearinChina,andthatonethirdisavailabletobesaved.⑤Largequantitiesoflandinthearea__havebeenreserved__(reserve)fornationalparkstheseyears,which__are__(be)nowhometobears,wolves,andotherwildanimals.⑥Agreatdealofmoney__wasdonated__(donate)toauniversitybyanordinaryworker,whicharousedpublicattention.提能—单句写作。⑦__Withmoreandmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,largequantitiesofgoodsoilarebeingwashedawayeveryyear.__因为越来越多的树木被破坏,每年都会冲走大量土壤。8.Inthefarmyard,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.在农家院里,鸡甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。too+adj./adv.+(forsb.)todosth.“(对某人来说)太……不能……”,表示否定意义。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展too...to在下列情况下表示肯定意义:①当too前面有副词far,much,but,only修饰,此结构没有否定意义,而表示肯定。②too后面的形容词表示心情或描绘性形容词的时候,如happy,pleased,willing,thankful,delighted,anxious,eager,kind,good等,表示肯定意义。③too...to...中的too前面有never,can't等时,此结构为双重否定表示肯定。can't...too/enough...表示“无论……也不为过”。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—完成句子。①(牛津高阶)It's__toolatetodo__anythingaboutitnow.现在进行任何补救都为时已晚。②You__can'tbetoocareful__whiledrivingacar.在开车时,你越小心越好。③Heisonly__toodelightedto__acceptyourinvitation.他非常高兴地接受了你的邀请。④Uponhearingtheteacher'stalk,thechildrenprobablyfeltthatitsounded__toogoodtobetrue__.听到老师的话,孩子们很可能觉得事情听起来太好了而有些不太真实。⑤(天津高考)Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I'malways__toobusytocarryon__aconversationwithher.我讨厌在我工作时她打过来,我总是忙得不能和她交谈。提能—翻译句子。⑥(全国卷Ⅰ)Inthe1960swewereallalittlewildandcouldn'tgetawayfromhomefarenoughorfastenoughtoprovewecoulddoitonourown.__在20世纪60年代,我们都有些狂野,为了证明我们能够独立,我们觉得离家越远越好,离家越快越好。__⑦(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.__没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝的。/任何事都是值得庆祝的。__9.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend.世界好像到了末日。Itseems/looksasif...“似乎/好像……”。asif引导表语从句。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)asif从句用陈述语气从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的(2)asif从句用虚拟语气从句所述不真实或极少有可能发生①从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)②从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)③从句用would/could/mightdo形式(与将来的事实相反)eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))温馨提示asif亦可换为asthough。如果asif引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同,且含有be动词,可省略主语和be动词,这样asif后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Don'thandlethevaseasifit__were__(be)madeofsteel.②ThemanIfollowedsuddenlystoppedasif__tosee__(see)ifhewasgoingintherightdirection.③Look!Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifit__is__(be)goingtorain.④Theywerewavingtousasif__saying__(say)good-bye.⑤Whenapencilispartlyputintoaglassofwater,itlooksasifit__werebroken__(break).夯基—单句改错。⑥Thedriverwaslyingonthegroundasifinjuringseriously.__injuring→injured__提能—单句写作。⑦(福建高考书面表达)一对年轻夫妇坐在船上吃着东西,说着话,大笑着,好像他们是这世界上仅有的人。Ayoungcoupleinaboatwereeating,talkingandlaughingloudly__asiftheyweretheonlypeopleintheworld__.10.Allhopewasnotlost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。部分否定all...not...=notall...,意为“并非所有的……都……”。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))温馨提示(1)当not与all,both,complete,each,every,everyone,everything,everywhere,whole等具有全部意义的不定代词或形容词连用时,无论not的位置如何,皆表示不完全否定,意为“并非……都”。(2)none,neither,no,noone,nothing,nowhere等表示完全否定。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—完成句子。①(2018·天津卷阅读)__Noteverybody__candothat—ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.不是所有人都能做这件事——它需要好多年的经验,但是打印机使这项工作变得容易了。②Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butI__don'tagreewitheverything/all__.我同意你讲的大多数内容,但并非同意你讲的全部。③__Nothingintheworldisdifficult__ifonesetshismindtoit.世上无难事,只怕有心人。提能—句式升级。④Noteverythingshedidpleasedhim.(改为全否定)__Nothingshedidpleasedhim__.⑤Bothofthemarenotmybrothers.(改为全否定)__Neitherofthemismybrother__.INCLU"高效演练·素能提升GAOXIAOYANLIANSUNENGTISHENGⅠ.单句语法填空1.__Buried__(bury)inaclassicdetectivenovel,thelandlorddidn'tnoticeathiefwascreepinguptohisbedroom.解析:考查非谓语动词作状语。句意:因为全神贯注于一部经典侦探小说,房东没有注意到一个贼正在蹑手蹑脚地向他的卧室走去。句子主语thelandlord与bury构成逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式Buried。2.__Judging__(judge)from__the__numberofcars,hethoughtthereweremanypeopleattheshop.解析:考查固定短语。句意:根据车的数量看,他认为商店里有很多人。judgingfrom“从……来看;根据……来判断”;thenumberof+可数名词复数表示“……的数目”。故填Judging;the。3.(北京卷)Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople__until__youfigureitout.解析:考查状语从句连接词。句意:如果不了解某个事物,你可以研究、学习、与他人探讨,直到(until)弄清楚。until“直到……为止”,引导时间状语从句,符合语境。故填until。4.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsup__becoming__(become)aninvaluablememberoftheteam.解析:考查固定句式。endupdoing意为“结果……”,故填becoming。5.Itwasareally__frightening__(frighten)experience.Afterwardseverybodywasvery__shocked__(shock).解析:考查形容词。句意:这的确是一次令人恐惧的经历。过后每个人都感到非常震惊。frightening常用来描述事物,意为“令人恐惧的”;shocked常用来描述人的感受,意为“(对……感到)震惊的”。故填frightening;shocked。6.Someparentsarejusttooprotective.Theywanttosheltertheirkids__from__everykindofdanger,realorimagined.解析:考查固定短语。根据前一句中的内容可知父母想给孩子提供“庇护”,让他们避免各种危险,无论是真实的,还是想象的。shelter...from...“保护……免受;庇护……不受……”故填from。7.Itcameas__a__shockthat__a__firebrokeoutinShanghaiyesterday,killingatleast5people.解析:考查冠词。句意:昨天上海发生了一起火灾,造成至少5人死亡,这个消息真是令人震惊的消息。第一空shock在此被具体化,表示一件具体的事情;第二空表示泛指。故填a;a。8.Though__injured__(injure)intheaccident,thebusdriverdidallhecouldtohelpthepassengerstosafety.解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:尽管在事故中受了伤,但是那位公交车司机还是尽自己所能把乘客送到了安全的地方。though后省略了句子的主语he和动词be的形式was,所以填injured。9.(北京卷,22改编)Ilivenextdoortoacouple__whose__childrenoftenmakealotofnoise.解析:考查定语从句。acouple是先行词,这对夫妻的孩子很吵,children和couple是所属关系,故用whose作定语,相当于thechildrenofwhom,故填whose。10.Wehaven'tenoughbooksfor__everyone/everybody__sosomeofyouwillhavetoshare.解析:考查部分否定。句意:我们的书不足以让所有人使用,所以你们有些人必须共用。由句意可知,此处是表示部分否定,所以填everyone/everybody。11.—IgotthatjobIwantedatthepubliclibrary.—__Congratulations__(congratulate)!That'sgoodnews.解析:考查名词。句意:——我得到了那份我想要的在公共图书馆的工作。——祝贺!那是个好消息。根据语境,填Congratulations意为“祝贺”。12.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI__haddone__(do)it?解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:打破窗户的是约翰。为什么你说得好像是我打破的似的?根据第一句话可知,打破窗户的人并非“我”,故此处应该用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反。根据broke可知这件事情发生在过去,故用过去完成时态,表示与过去事实相反。故填haddone。13.Theaccidentcausedsomedamage__to__mycar,butit'snothingserious.解析:考查固定短语。cause/dodamageto...“伤害……”。故填to。14.Jackwasn'tsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathim__as__ifhehaddonesomethingveryclever.解析:考查状语从句的引导词。句意:杰克什么也没说,但是老师朝他笑着,就好像他做了非常聪明的事情。asif“好像”。故填as。15.Imustwarnyouthatmypatienceis__at__anend.解析:考查固定短语。atanend“结束”。故填at。Ⅱ.单句改错1.Manyhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingayearagobutruin.__ruin→ruins__2.It'sshockedthathospitalscandenyhelptoolderpeople.__shocked→shocking__3.Judgedfromherlastletter,theywerehavingawonderfultime.__Judged→Judging__4.Theearthquakediddamagefortheareawheremanyhousesfelldownandmanypeopleweretrappedinruins.__for→to__5.Believeitornot,Isincerehopethatyoucanorganizethepartywell.__sincere→sincerely__6.I'mwritingtocongratulateyouofyourwinningfirstprizeintheEnglishshortnovelcompetitionrecently.__of→on__Ⅲ.单句写作1.他看了一眼映照在镜子里的自己的脸,突然大笑起来。(burstout)__Helookedathisfacereflectedinthemirror,burstingoutlaughing.__2.从观众的反应看来,这次演出相当成功。(judge)__Judgingfromtheresponseoftheaudience,theperformancewasquiteasuccess.__3.这两道数学题并不都难。(部分否定)(1)__Bothofthetwomathsproblemsarenotverydifficult.__(2)__Notbothofthetwomathsproblemsareverydifficult.__4.看起来他似乎是个万事通,其实他很蠢。(asif)__Itseemsasifhekneweverything,butinreality,heisstupid.__5.我正把我的衣服装箱打包这时听到有人叫我的名字。(bedoing...when)__IwaspackingmyclothesupwhenIheardmynamecalled.__Ⅳ.语篇填空AterribleearthquakehitthecityofTangshanonJuly28,1976,in__1.which__thousandsofpeoplediedandmanywereinjured.Manyhousesfelldownandsandfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildren__2.wereleft__(leave)withoutparents.Peoplewere__3.greatly__(great)shocked.Alltheelectricityinthecitywascut__4.off__andpeoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwas__5.destroyed__(destroy)anditseemedasiftheworldwasatan__6.end__.ThepeopleofTangshandidn'tlosehope,because150,000soldiersweresent__7.tohelp__(help)therescueworkers.Thesoldierstriedtheirbesttodigoutthosewho__8.weretrapped__(trap).Workersalsobuiltsheltersforthesurvivors.Freshwaterwastakentothecitybyeverymeans.__9.Slowly__(slow),thecitybegantocomebacktolife.__10.It__

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