北京第三十一中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析

北京第三十一中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Wehavelearnedfromthestorythat_____ismostvaluableisnot_____wehaveinourlivesbut

_____wehaveinourlives.A.what;that;that

B.What;what;what

C.What;that;what

D.What;what;who参考答案：D2.IntheUSA,25percentofpregnantwomencarryonsmoking,______theyknowthatsmokinginpregnancyisbadfortheirbaby’shealth,beinglinkedwithlowbirthweight,prematurebirthandmiscarriage.A.asif

B.nowthat

C.eventhough

D.sothat参考答案：C3.Johnhadto

allhisbelongingsoutoftheapartmentashefailedtopaytherent．

A．fetch

B．pack

C．bring

D．take参考答案：D4.Foralackofpaper,Anglo–Saxonstoriesandpoemswerepartofalargely

culture.A．moral

B．civil

C．oral

D．loyal参考答案：C5.ThelatestmajordisasterthatoccurredinZhejiangparalyzedtraffic,causedblackoutsand______watersuppliesfordays.

A.cutdown

B.cutoff

C.cutup

D.cutout参考答案：B略6._______theriskshemightface,EdwardSnowden,aformerCIAtechnician,leakedsecretsaboutUSspyingprograms.A.Insteadof B.Forfearof C.Onaccountof D.Inspiteof参考答案：D【知识点】连词与介词解析：A.Insteadof取代，代替B.Forfearof担心，害怕C.Onaccountof由于D.Inspiteof尽管句意：尽管爱德华·斯诺登——前中央情报局技术员可能面临风险,,但还是泄露了美国的间谍程序。7.Whenyougrowupin___________largefamily，youaremorelikelytodevelop__________abilitytogetonwellwithothers．A．the；the

B．the；a

C．a：a

D．a：the参考答案：D8.Thehouseisdirtybecauseit

sincetheymovedout.A.doesn’tcleanB.isn’tcleaned C.hasn’tcleanedD.hasn’tbeencleaned参考答案：D9.AreportfindsmillionsofchildrenstillaremissingoutonthebenefitsofferedbytheInternetandcallsontheseinequalities________．A.tobeaddressed

B.addressing

C.beingaddressed

D.toaddress参考答案：A10.Theislandis__________attrativeinspringandautumnbecauseofthepleasantweatherinbothseasons.A.partly

B.merely

C.nearly

D.equally参考答案：D解析：考查副词词义。只要知道词义即可选出答案，该题较为简单。A,部分的

B只不过C几乎

D同样的，相等的。11.Iwenttherein1984,andthatwasthemerelyoccasionwhenI________thejourneyinexactlytwodays.A.musttake B.musthavemade C.wasabletomake D.couldtake参考答案：C12.Weliveinabeautifulcottagewithayard，which______20feetfromsidetoside．（）A．measures B．ismeasuredC．measured D．hasbeenmeasured参考答案：Ameasure表示某物量起来或者测量结果为…长、宽、高时，用主动的形式，描述主语本身的性质用一般现在时，且无被动．故选择A．13.---Didyourbossphoneyouagainthenextday?---No,itwasafortnight_______hegavemeasecondcall.A.that

B.before

C.when

D.since参考答案：B14.DespitewhatI’dbeentoldaboutthelocalpeople’sattitudetostrangers,atnotime

anyrudeness.

A.didImeet

B.haveImet

C.Ihadmet

D.Imet参考答案：A略15.WatkinsbelieveshavingpandasinDetroitwouldcreateanatmosphere________AmericacanlearnmoreaboutChina.A.where B.when C.which D.what参考答案：A分析句子结构可知,空处引导的是一个定语从句,先行词anatmosphere在此表示抽象的地点概念,空处的意义相当于intheatmosphere,在从句中作地点状语。故用where引导。16.He_____anovellastyearbutIdon’tknowwhetherhe____it.A.wrote;writes

B.hadwritten;haswrittenC.waswriting;hasfinished

D.haswritten;writes参考答案：C17.Mymomonceworkedinaverysmallvillageschool，whichis________onlyonfoot.A.acceptable

B.adequate

C.accessible

D.appropriate参考答案：C试题分析：考查形容词。A、acceptable可接受的，B、adequate足够的，C、accessible可到达的，易接近的，D、appropriate适当的，句意：我妈妈曾经在一个小村子的学校工作，那只有步行才能到达。故选C。二、新的题型18.Weeatinourcars，atourdesks，onthego，andinfrontoftheTV．Weeattake-out，packagedandpreparedmeals．WhyBecauseitfitsournot-enough-time-in-the-daylifestyles．36

Well，I'mcertainlynotthefirstonetothinkit—orsayit—butweallneedtoslowdown．Consumertrendsaroundtheglobeshowthatoverthepastthreedecadespeoplearepurchasingmorepreparedfoodsatthegroceryandeatingoutmorethaneverbefore．It’spredictedthatwe’llspendmoreatrestaurantsinthecomingyears．37

However，we’regettinglesshealthy．Whiledebatescanbeseenindifferentmediaoverthefoodindustry’scontributiontoourgrowingwaistlinesandourhealthproblems，thebottomlineisthis：__38

Wecanchoosetoeatafast—foodlunchonthego.Wecanthrowafrozenmealinthemicrowaveandcallitdinner．Wecaneatwithoutthinking，infrontofthetube，atourcomputers，andwhiledrivingacar．

39

．Studieshaveshownmeaningfullinksbetweenfamilymealsandkids’mentalandphysicaIwell—being．Eatingsensiblydoesn’ttakemuchtimeormoney，butitdoesrequireyoutomakeaconsciousdecisiontodoso．Wrappedinendlesswork，appointmentsandsocialactivities，weoftenfailtoenjoyarelaxingmealwithourfamilies．Whileitcanbeachallengetoalwaysputhealthyeatingfirst，justdoyourbest．Rememberthatthefoodyoueathasamoresignificantimpactonyourhealth，weightandwell—beingthanalmostanyotheractivityyoudo.___40

Everymealmadeathome—evenjustonceortwiceaweek—isastepclosertoahealthierbodyandaslowerfoodlifestyle．A．Lunchisthebiggestcalorieintakewhenitcomestoeatingout．B．Treatitwiththeimportancethatitdeserves，butstartsmall．C．Ourfoodmatchesourlives．D．Purchasefoodlocallyandskipasmanypackageditemsasyoucan．E．Whatweeat，whereweeatandhowweeatareallunderourcontrol．F．We’reconsuminganincreasingnumberofcalories．G．Wecandevoteanhourofthedaytoenjoyingamealwithourfamilies．参考答案：36-40.CFEGB36．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据前面的“Weeatinourcars,atourdesks,onthego,andinfrontoftheTV.Weeattake-out,packagedandpreparedmeals.WhyBecauseitfitsournot-enough-time-in-the-daylifestyles.”可知，随着人们生活节奏的加快，人们的饮食习惯也发生改变。所以，人们也只能以“快餐”的形式来适应这种生活方式。故选C。37．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据前面的“Consumertrendsaroundtheglobeshowthatoverthepastthreedecadespeoplearepurchasingmorepreparedfoodsatthegroceryandeatingoutmorethaneverbefore.It’spredictedthatwe’llspendmoreatrestaurantsinthecomingyears.”可知，人们越来越多地在外面吃饭，而这些食物并非都健康。所以，这种饮食习惯消耗的也越来越多。故选F。38．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。现代的饮食行业给人们的健康带来了很大的负面影响。根据前面的“thebottomlineisthis”可知，不管怎么样“我们”要控制好，为健康考虑。故选E。39．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据后面的“Studieshaveshownmeaningfullinksbetweenfamilymealsandkids’mentalandphysicalwell—being.”可知，与家人一块儿吃饭有很大的好处。所以，G项内容符合上下文。故选G。40．考查上下文理解和逻辑推理。根据前后内容可知，饮食对“我们”的健康很重要。作者建议人们尽量在家吃饭。在目前生活节奏加快的情况下，可以慢慢地改变。故选B。【备注】加入“慢食运动”，寻回遗失的美好。三、阅读理解19.Parentstendtofavourchildrenofonesexincertainsituations—orsoevolutionarybiologiststellus.Anewstudyusedcolor1edbackpacksalesdatatoshowthatparentalwealthmayinfluencespendingonsonsdifferentfromdaughters.In1973biologistRobertTriversandcomputerscientistDanWillardpublishedapapersuggestingthatparentsinvest(投入)moreresources,suchasfoodandeffort,inmalechildrenwhentimesaregood,andinfemalechildrenwhentimesarebad.AccordingtotheTrivers-Willardhypothesis(假说),asongivenlotsofresourcescanbecomeagentleman—butparentswithfewresourcestendtoinvestthemindaughters,whogenerallyfinditeasiertobeafairmaiden.Studyingparentalinvestmentafterbirthisdifficult,however.Thenewstudylookedforastandardofmeasurementofsuchinvestmentthatmetseveralcriteria:itshouldn’tbeaffectedbysexdifferencesintheneedforresources;itshouldmeasureinvestmentratherthanoutcomes;anditshouldbeobjective.StudyauthorShigeSong,asociologistatQueensCollege,CityUniversityofNewYork,examinedspendingonpinkandbluebackpackspurchasedinChinain2015fromalargeretailer,JD.com.Henarrowedthedatatoabout5,000bags:bluebackpacksboughtbyfamiliesknowntohaveatleastoneboyandpinkonesboughtbyfamiliesknowntohaveatleastonegirl.Theresultsshowedthatwealthierfamiliesspentmoreonbluethanpinkbackpacks—suggestinggreaterinvestmentinsons.Poorerfamiliesspentmoreonpinkpacksthanblueones.ThefindingswerepublishedinEvolutionandHumanBehavior.Song’sevidencefortheTrivers-Willardhypothesisis“indirect”but“prettyconvincing,”saysRosemaryHopcroft,asociologistatthe.UniversityofNorthCarolinaatCharlotte,whowasnotconnectedwiththenewstudy.Hopcroftreportedin2016thatU.S.fatherswithhigh-statusoccupationsweremorelikelytosendtheirsonstoprivateschoolthantheirdaughters,whilefatherswithlower-statusjobsmoreoftenenrolledtheirfemalechildren.Althoughthenewstudydoesnotprovethefamilieswerebuyingthebluebackpacksforboysandpinkonesforgirls,Hopcroftnotesthat“it’sacleverandinterestingpaper,andit’saratherunusualuseofbigdata.”8.WhatdoesthewriterintendtodoinParagraph2?A.Introduceanearlierstudy.B.Identifychildren’sneeds.C.Assesstheinfluenceofastudy.D.Exploreintoparentalinvestment.9.Whatoffersachallengeforthenewstudy?A.Theinvestmentmeetingseveralcriteria.B.Themeasurementofeventualoutcomes.C.Differentdemandsforresourcesbetweensexes.D.Consistentstandardsinmeasuringparentalinvestment.10.WhatcanbelearnedfromSong’sresearch?A.Thenewstudywasdonein2015.B.Bigdatawassampledforresearch.C.Preferencewasofferedtoconsumers.D.Bluepackswerefavoredoverpinkones.11.WhichofthefollowingislikelytomatchHopcroft’sremarkonSong’sresearch?A.It’sentertaining. B.It’swell-designed.C.It’sunbelievable. D.It’sunusual.参考答案：8.A

9.C

10.B

11.B这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究利用彩色背包销售数据表明，父母的财富可能会影响儿子和女儿的消费。而社会学家ShigeSong利用大数据调查了2015年在中国从大型零售商京东购买的粉色和蓝色背包的消费情况。研究结果显示，富裕家庭在蓝色背包上的花费超过了粉色背包，这表明他们在儿子身上的投资更多。贫困家庭花在粉色包上的钱比蓝色包多。另一位社会学家Hopcroft认为Song的研究聪明有趣，对大数据精心了不同寻常的使用。【8题详解】推理判断题。第二段第一句In1973biologistRobertTriversandcomputerscientistDanWillard