高考英语复习-600分策略-专题2-七选五阅读市赛课公开课一等奖省名师获奖课件

第一编专题二七选五阅读1/64●明晰体裁与题材特点，缩小刷题数量题型透析试卷体裁题材命题特点Ⅰ卷说明文颜色在家庭房间设计时作用及方案1.以说明文为主，文章结构清楚，内容完整，适合考查文章标题、主题句和过渡句等，从而抵达考查对文章结构了解目标。2．篇章结构通常为：提出问题→处理问题。3．词数300左右，正文词数200左右，选项词数100左右。4．宣扬正能量。表示一个人文关心，突出情感体验，能够非常好地帮助考生建立正确世界观和价值观。Ⅱ卷说明文晨练好处Ⅲ卷说明文舞蹈力量与价值Ⅰ卷记叙文爱上野营Ⅱ卷说明文怎样防打搅Ⅲ卷说明文规划睡眠，调整生物钟Ⅰ卷说明文设置密码Ⅱ卷说明文搭建属于自己花园Ⅲ卷说明文买鱼和烧鱼2/64●透析题型设置，采取高效答题技巧探究位置逻辑关系命题规律Ⅰ卷Ⅱ卷Ⅲ卷Ⅰ卷Ⅱ卷Ⅲ卷Ⅰ卷Ⅱ卷Ⅲ卷段首主旨句38题39，40题36，38题40题37题37题38题37题38题1.探究位置主要在句首或者句中，也有在句尾情况。2．挖空内容以考查上下文逻辑关系为主，考查段落主题句为辅。3．间或考查段尾结论概括性语句。4．七个选项意义都与文章内容相关。段中并列递进承上启下转折让步例证解释36,37，39题36，38题37，40题37，38，39题36，38，39，40题36，38，40题36，37，39，40题36，38，39，40题36，37，39，40题段尾总结上文引发下文40题37题39题36题39题3/64●实现满分小目标，方向和方法都主要专题训练精、准、巧。七选五阅读主要考查对文章整体内容和结构，以及上下文逻辑意义了解。分析文章结构是很多学生弱项，所以要对这种理清文章脉络能力进行强化训练。加强归纳段落标题、归纳段落主题句、寻找过渡句、寻找上下文联络、寻找下文联络等专题训练，以此来规范做题思绪，形成好阅读习惯。4/64专攻说明文，强化文章结构分析。说明文常就某一个问题从不一样角度来加以说明，文章能够是用来说明某一个存在社会现象或者我们生活中所面临某个详细难题。作者会选择一个适当角度，有条不紊地对其加以说明。分析文章结构就是搞清楚文章内容和结构上关系和布局，了解文章段落之间联络、段落内关系、句子与句子之间关系，从而从结构上和内容上分辨选项信息属于文章哪一段，或者某一段哪一部分。这么就能比较准确地确定选项位置。5/64规范做题流程，防止大小失误。第一步：浏览选项，阅读正文，明确目标。了解选项句意，并找出选项中关联词。然后带着选项速读全文，重点关注文章首尾句、文章标题、段落标题，把握文章大意，了解全文逻辑关系，再依据上下文语段内容，初步确定部分题目标答案；第二步：仔细阅读，抓住关键，筛选答案。了解了文章大意和选项内容之后，回头细读文章，分析上下文语段之间联络，分析空格前后内容关系，寻找线索词，匹配关键词，确定有把握选项。第三步：代入选项，审阅差异，确定答案。对于拿不准选项，多考虑出题人命题思绪和文章主旨，与文章主旨一致和选项往往是正确答案。6/641真题体验2技法例析3即时巩固4素能强化7/64真题体验8/64(·全国Ⅰ)Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign—somethingyou’llalwayshaveineveryroom.Agraspofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllovetolivein.Doyouwantaroomthat’sfulloflife？Professional？Orareyoujustlookingforaplacetorelaxafteralongday？1.____，coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.Overtheyears，therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthisimportantpoint.2._____，theycangetalittlecomplex.Butgoodnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome：thesmallones，themediumones，andthelargeones.B

A

9/643._____.They’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows，mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofususetoaddvisualinteresttoourrooms.Lesstiringthanpaintingyourwallsandlessexpensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa，smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefitofbeingeasilychangeable.Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas，dinnertablesorbookshelves.4.______.Theyrequireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones，andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls，ceilings，andfloors.Whetheryou’relookingatwallpaperorpaint，thetime，effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant.5.______.D

G

F

10/64A．WhileallofthemareusefulB．Whateveryou’relookingforC．Ifyou’reexperimentingwithacolorD．Smallcolorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwithE．It’snotreallyagoodideatousetoomanysmallcolorpiecesF．Soitpaystobesure，becauseyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttimeG．Colorchoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways文章大意：颜色是房间设计基本要素之一。这篇说明文介绍了大、中、小三种规模物品颜色选择及各自优点。11/64❶

解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。空前三个问句是问读者想要寻找什么样房间设计，结合空后coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel可知，不论你想让你房间怎样，颜色是关键。本设空类型属于细节了解类。❷解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。空格后they指代上文中techniques，且与A项中allofthem相呼应，代入A项“尽管它们都很有用”，符合语境，故为答案。本设空类型属于细节了解类。❸

解析：解本题可用设题位置法。上一段最终提到thesmallones，themediumones，andthelargeones，再结合最终两段首句中mediumcolorchoices和thelargecolordecisions可判断，本段介绍smallcolorchoices，故选D项。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。12/64❹

解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。依据空后requireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones，andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace可知，这里讲述两个方面，这与G项中intwomajorways相照应。本设空类型属于细节了解类。❺

解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。依据空前thetime，effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitaresignificant可知，大型物品颜色选择所需要时间、精力、费用很大，这恰与F项组成因果关系。本设空类型属于细节了解类。13/64名师点津14/64技法例析15/641．挖空位置推理法①段首句16/64

(·全国Ⅱ)●__37__Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants，flowers，patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料).__38__.However，thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.●Recall(回想)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma’srosegardenandDad’svegetablegarden...典例117/64A．KnowwhyyougardenB．FindagoodplaceforyourowngardenC．It’sourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD．It’sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE．StillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF．Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden，tooG．Foreachofthosegardens，writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave18/64[解题思绪]本题考查主题句。首先形式上要与第二个标题“Recall(回想)yourchildhoodmemories”一致，故在A项和B项之间选择。再依据本段倒数第二句“However，thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.”可知，本段主要讲要搞清自己为何要种植花木。尝试解答：______A

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(·全国Ⅲ)●__37__Inordertomakeachange，youneedtodecidewhyit’simportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily，getinsomeexercise，orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday？Onceyouareclearaboutyourreasons，tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.·Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwantto...典例220/64A．Getasleepspecialist.B．Findtherightmotivation.C．Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.D．Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.E．Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking，keepitup.F．Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake－uptime，nomattertheday.G．Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafetogetcoffee.21/64[解题思绪]本题考查段落主题句。形式上应与下一个标题Reconsidermorning一致，故在A、B、F和G之间选择。再依据空后谈到要改变，先要说清楚做出改变很主要原因；后面谈到一旦明白了其中原因，就能够告诉你家人或室友你想做出改变；由此能够推断出这段总说找到正确动机，所以本空选B。尝试解答：______B

22/64②段中句段中句—段落内部过渡句

——阅读空格前后内容，挖掘内在逻辑关系，注意衔接词和表达逻辑关系信号词(this/that/these/those/such/it...)和关键词汇重复，同时注意该段主题句

段落间过渡句

——阅读上一段结尾和下一段内容，注意衔接词和表达

逻辑关系信号词(next，also，inaddition，however...23/64

(·全国Ⅰ片段)Oneistheestablishment(制订)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction；sales；thepurchaseofequipment，materialsandsupplies；andaccounting.__74__Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofworkinalldepartments.E．Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F．Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement，organizationhastwomainaspects.典例124/64[解题思绪]依据上下文所提到one和下文所得到thethird可知，这里是按照次序排列，此处应该是第二条，与E项Thesecondaspect...吻合。尝试解答：此题属并列关系，故选______表示并列关系词有：first(ly)，second(ly)，...；first，then/next，...；inthefirstplace，inthesecondplace...；foronething，foranother(thing)，...；tobeginwith，toconclude等词，表明前后句是逻辑上并列关系，空格处很有可能是个并列句子。E

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(·北京片段)First，understandthatsomeopportunities(机会)fordaydreamingarebetterthanothers.Feelingsafeandrelaxedwillhelpyoutoslipintodaydreams.__73__Andifyouwanttoimproveyourchancesofhavingacreativeideawhileyou’redaydreaming，trytodoitwhileyouareinvolvedinanothertask—preferablysomethingsimple，liketakingashowerorwalking，orevenmakingmeaninglessdrawings.A．Havinginterestingthingstothinkaboutalsohelps.D．Atonetime，daydreamingwasthoughttobeacauseofsomementalillnesses.典例226/64[解题思绪]选项A中alsohelps与空格前面句子中help相对应，且两句话主语形式统一，都说是“做白日梦”条件。尝试解答：此题属递进关系，故选______递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一个顺承逻辑关系。表示递进关系词有：too，also，besides，further，furthermore，moreover，what’smore，inaddition，aswell，tomakemattersworse，not...but...，notonly...butalso等。A

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(·辽宁片段)·ProtectagainstUVrays(紫外线).Long－termstayinthesuncreatesrisktoyoureyes.Nomatterwhattheseasonis，it’sextremelyimportanttowearsunglasses.__37__C．Theycanproperlyprotectyoureyes.D．Stayingoodshapebytakingmorevitamins.典例328/64[解题思绪]空白处前面句子“Nomatterwhattheseasonis，it’sextremelyimportanttowearsunglasses.”意为“不论是什么季节，戴太阳镜是极其主要”，属于总结概括句。选项C意为“它们能够适当地保护你眼睛”，本句是对上句观点举例说明，能很好地顺接语境。尝试解答：此题属例证关系，故选______前后句某句是为了证实另一句而举例子。例证形式含有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和演练(从观点到例子)。C

29/64 (·全国Ⅱ片段)·Getacoach__51__，sogethelp.Sincethereareaboutabillioncompaniesoutthereallreadytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses，herearesomethingstolookforwhendecidingthetrainingthat’srightforyou.A．Youaren’tlikeanybodyelseD．Checktherulesaboutdosanddon’tsE．Whateverthepresentation，publicspeakingistough典例430/64[解题思绪]依据“sogethelp”可知应填一个表示原因句子。依据下句中“...readytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses...”也可知开头说与publicspeaking相关。尝试解答：故选______表示因果关系词有：so/therefore，thus，consequently(结果)，asaresult(of)，so/such...that...，sothat...等。E

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(·全国Ⅰ片段)Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.__37__Forexample，thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”A．Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B．Inanylanguage，somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C．Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.典例532/64D．Aslongastherehavebeencodes，peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E．Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F．Withacodebook，youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G．Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.33/64[解题思绪]依据forexample可知，接下来举例讲是选取每个单词首字母这一方法来隐藏信息。尝试解答：______E

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(·全国Ⅰ片段)●Youdidn’tlose“everything”.Oncetrustislost，whatisleft？Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle，lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.__40__Instead，it’sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.E．They’vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan’tbeartoletithappenagain.F．Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G．Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn’tmeanyou’reignoringwhathappened.典例635/64[解题思绪]依据下一句中Instead(反而)可知此空和下一句形成转折关系，G项(看到事情主动方面并不意味着你对发生事情视而不见)与之呼应，而且选项中positive和下一句中positive形成原词复现。尝试解答：此题属转折关系，故选______G

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(·全国Ⅰ片段)Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords，phrases，orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode，youmusthaveacodebook.__39__Forexample，“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me.”Themessage“bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”__40__However，itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.典例737/64A．Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B．Inanylanguage，somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C．Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D．Aslongastherehavebeencodes，peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.E．Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F．Withacodebook，youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G．Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.38/64[解题思绪]本题考查是关键词以及转折关系。下一句“itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong”中出现了alsohard，所以上一句关键词为hard；另外however表示转折关系，证实上一句与下一句表示意思相反，即上一句应该是：没有解密书，是极难去完成解密工作。尝试解答：此题属于转折关系，故选______表示转折或对比关系词有：but，however，yet，while/though，or/otherwise，onthecontrary，instead，nevertheless(然而)，still，yet，incontrast/comparison等。A

39/64③段尾句段尾句

——段落总结收尾类：通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找出表示结果、结论、总结等关联词，如therefore，asaresult，thus，hence，inshort，tosumup，toconclude，inaword，inbrief，inconclusion等。—承接上下文类：这类题目直接承接上下文，并非是概括或总结性语句，解题时要依据与上下文逻辑关系,

来确定答案。40/64

(·北京片段)It’salsoimportanttoknowhowtoavoiddaydreamsforthosetimeswhenyoureallyneedtoconcentrate.“Mindfulness”，beingfocused，isatoolthatsomepeopleusetoavoidfallingasleep.__74__E．Itinvolvesslow，steadybreathingforself－controlthathelpspeoplestaycalmandattentive.F．Daydreamsareoftenverysimpleanddirect，quiteunlikesleepdreams，whichmaybehardtounderstand.典例141/64[解题思绪](1)本题为段尾空，属段落总结概括句，需要关注本段前面内容。(2)本段主要说明在需要集中精力时候防止做白日梦也很主要，前一句提出mindfulness这一概念，并用同位语beingfocused做出解释。第三步对比信息句和选项，得出答案尝试解答：______项中it指代前一句mindfulness，且attentive与前文concentrate，beingfocused，avoidfallingasleep语义一致。E

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(·洛阳高三二模)Thereisnodoubtthatanalyzingtheexactdataisimportanttoassessmentofanactualevent.Butdatashouldbedealtwithwisely.Weoftengetwrongdatawhichmisleadus.Remember，datahavenofeelingbutwehumanshave.Datadon’tmeanmuchtopeopleifwedonothavetheabilitiestoanalyzethedatawiththeknowledgeandconfidencetojudgewhethertheyaretrueorfalse.典例243/64A．Thusweshouldtryourbesttobewisethinkers.B．Datacanmakeourlifeeasierandmorecomfortable.C．Butsometimeswemayfindthatdataaren’teverything.D．Sometimesourheartsandmindaremoresensitivethandata.E．Nowandthentheso－calledspecificdatapuzzleusverymuch.F．Theexactdatashouldcomefromassessmentofanactualevent.G．Therearemanythingsinourlifewhichcannotbemeasuredbydata.44/64[解题思绪]本题设空在段尾，空格前一句叙述内容是“假如我们没有能力利用所学知识和自信去分析数据正确是否，那么数据对我们来说就毫无意义”。所得出结论就是“所以我们要尽最大努力成为一名睿智思索者”，结合线索词Thus可知正确答案。尝试解答：______A

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(·北京片段)Makinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthinformation.Reasonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation，howtoseparatefactfromopinion，howtorecognizepoorreasoning，andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources.__71__典例346/64Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported，anddeterminewhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy.A．Makechoicethatarerightforyou.G．Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceivefromcommonsources.47/64[解题思绪]本题挖空处为第一段段尾。第一段简明提出我们要学会分析来自各种渠道健康信息，第二段就怎样对这些信处进行分类整理给予一些提议。从文章篇章结构分析，空格起承上启下作用。尝试解答：此题属承上启下类，故选______G

48/642．词汇复现法复现，是为确保文章前后衔接而经常使用一个写作伎俩，即作者在文章上下文不一样位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同源词复现、同义词/近义词、反义词复现等。49/64

(·全国Ⅰ片段)●__39__Ifyou’vebeenbetrayed，youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere’sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”.Atsomepointinallofourlives，we’llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.C．Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D．Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.典例50/64[解题思绪]由空格后面内容能够看出，本段主要讲是被背叛了后该怎么办。选项C中关键词语“victim”与本段主旨相吻合，“victim”一词在本段中重复出现，属于原词复现，且选项C是对本段概括总结。尝试解答：______C

51/643．代词线索法英语表示中代词出现频率极高，代词作用无非是指代前面提及名词，名词短语或句子概念，巧妙利用这么指代关系和依据代词单复数差异能够准确而快速地解题。it可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子；these或those指代前句复数名词。52/64 (·全国Ⅲ片段)Butitseemsthatmanypeopledon’tcookfishathome.Americanseatonlyaboutfifteenpoundsoffishperpersonperyear，butweeattwiceasmuchfishinrestaurantsasathome.Buying，storing，andcookingfishisn’tdifficult.__17__Thistextisabouthowtobuyandcookfishinaneasyway.A．Donotbuyit.D．Itjustrequiresalittleknowledge.典例53/64[解题思绪]空格上一句提到买鱼、贮藏鱼和烹饪并不难，启承上句，此处指只是需要一些这方面知识。D选项中代词“It”指代前面提到“Buying，storing，andcookingfish”。尝试解答：______D

54/644．词汇同现法词汇同现法是指属于同一词汇搭配范围或者某一领域词汇在文章中同时出现，到达语意衔接目标。普通来说，上下文中词汇范围越小，上下文衔接关系越紧密。55/64 (·全国Ⅱ片段)Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandsteady，gradualincreasesinthelengthoftheruns.__36__，buythebest－fitting，best－builtrunningshoesyoucanfind.Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouorfeelbestonyourfeet，soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop...Duringthefirstweek，donotthinkaboutdistance，butrunfiveminuteslongereachday...B．ForagoodmarathonrunnerC．Beforeyoubeginyourtraining典例56/64[解题思绪]空格前讲到一个观点：马拉松训练需要精心准备，下面叙述必须在“准备”这一范围内，且下文中出现了“Duringthefirstweek”等时间词汇，本题是指开始训练前准备。尝试解答：此题属词汇同现，故选______C

57/645．关联词语推断法英语段落之间、句子之间经常会用关联词表示衔接或过渡，以使文章愈加连贯、表示愈加清楚，所以文章中表示各种逻辑关系关联词在选择答案时都是很好线索。常见关联词有：因果关系：so，therefore，thus，hence，accordingly，consequently，asaresult等。条件关系：as(so)longas，onconditionthat，if，unless等。并列关系：first，second，third...；firstly，secondly，thirdly...；first，next，then...；inthefirstplace，inthesecondplace...；foronething，foranotherthing...等。58/64转折关系：however，nevertheless，though