高考英语复习-第一部分-阅读理解篇-专题2-任务型阅读七选五市赛课公开课一等奖省名师获奖

专题二任务型阅读(七选五)阅读了解篇第一部分1/46考纲导续主要考查考生对文章结构、内容以及上下文逻辑关系了解和掌握，其考点设置主要包含：1.主题句；2.过渡句；3.推断句。2/461分类例析2复习练案命题规律题型攻略解题流程3/46七选五题型以说明文和议论文居多，这两种文体结构都比较清楚，过程完整，适合考查标题概括、主题句和过渡句等，以到达考查学生综合阅读能力要求。其特点以下：1．选择基本为300词左右说明文或议论文。2．短文篇章结构常为：提出问题——处理问题。3．七个选项意义上都与短文相关，设空类型普通有标题类、段落主题类、过渡句类、细节类。4．选项均为完整句子，句型不一。4/465/466/46分类例析7/461．主题句8/46 (·全国Ⅱ)●____37____Somepeoplemaythinkthatagardenisnomorethanplants,flowers,patternsandmassesofcolor.Othersareconcernedaboutusinggardeningmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers(肥料)．____38____.However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.Oneofthemcomesfromourearliestyears.●Recall(回想)yourchildhoodmemoriesOurmodelofwhatagardenshouldbeoftengoesbacktochildhood.Grandma'srosegardenandDad'svegetablegarden..9/46A．KnowwhyyougardenB．FindagoodplaceforyourowngardenC．It'sourexperienceofthegardenthatmattersD．It'sdelightfultoseesomanybeautifulflowersE．StillothersmaysimplyenjoybeingoutdoorsandclosetoplantsF．Youcanproducethatkindofmagicalqualityinyourowngarden,tooG．Foreachofthosegardens,writedownthestrongestmemoryyouhave10/46[解题思绪]本题考查主题句。首先形式上要与第二个标题“Recall(回想)yourchildhoodmemories”一致，故在A项和B项之间选择。再依据本段倒数第二句“However,thereareanumberofotherreasonsthatmightexplainwhyyouwanttogarden.”可知，本段主要讲要搞清自己为何要种植花木。尝试解答：________A11/46 (·全国Ⅲ)●____37____Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyit'simportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearaboutyourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.·Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwantto...12/46A．Getasleepspecialist.B．Findtherightmotivation.C．Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.D．Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.E．Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.F．Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake－uptime,nomattertheday.G．Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafetogetcoffee.13/46[解题思绪]本题考查段落主题句。形式上应与下一个标题Reconsidermorning一致，故在A、B、F和G之间选择。再依据空后谈到要改变，先要说清楚做出改变很主要原因；后面谈到一旦明白了其中原因，就能够告诉你家人或室友你想做出改变；由此能够推断出这段总说找到正确动机，所以本空选B。尝试解答：________B14/462．过渡句15/46 (·全国Ⅰ片段)Oneistheestablishment(制订)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction;sales;thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting.____74____Thethirdrelatestotheestablishmentofstandardsofworkinalldepartments.E．Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F．Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.16/46[解题思绪]依据上下文所提到one和下文所得到thethird可知，这里是按照次序排列，此处应该是第二条，与E项Thesecondaspect...吻合。尝试解答：此题属并列关系，故选________表示并列关系词有：first(ly),second(ly)，...；first,then/next，...;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace...;foronething,foranother(thing)，...;tobeginwith,toconclude等词，表明前后句是逻辑上并列关系，空格处很有可能是个并列句子。E17/46 (·北京片段)First,understandthatsomeopportunities(机会)fordaydreamingarebetterthanothers.Feelingsafeandrelaxedwillhelpyoutoslipintodaydreams.____73____Andifyouwanttoimproveyourchancesofhavingacreativeideawhileyou'redaydreaming,trytodoitwhileyouareinvolvedinanothertask—preferablysomethingsimple,liketakingashowerorwalking,orevenmakingmeaninglessdrawings.A．Havinginterestingthingstothinkaboutalsohelps.D．Atonetime,daydreamingwasthoughttobeacauseofsomementalillnesses.18/46[解题思绪]选项A中alsohelps与空格前面句子中help相对应，且两句话主语形式统一，都说是“做白日梦”条件。尝试解答：此题属递进关系，故选________递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一个顺承逻辑关系。表示递进关系词有：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,what'smore,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso等。A19/46 (·辽宁片段)·ProtectagainstUVrays(紫外线).Long－termstayinthesuncreatesrisktoyoureyes.Nomatterwhattheseasonis,it'sextremelyimportanttowearsunglasses.____37____C．Theycanproperlyprotectyoureyes.D．Stayingoodshapebytakingmorevitamins.20/46[解题思绪]空白处前面句子“Nomatterwhattheseasonis,it'sextremelyimportanttowearsunglasses.”意为“不论是什么季节，戴太阳镜是极其主要”，属于总结概括句。选项C意为“它们能够适当地保护你眼睛”，本句是对上句观点举例说明，能很好地顺接语境。尝试解答：此题属例证关系，故选________前后句某句是为了证实另一句而举例子。例证形式含有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和演练(从观点到例子)。C21/46 (·全国Ⅱ片段)·Getacoach____51____，sogethelp.Sincethereareaboutabillioncompaniesoutthereallreadytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses,herearesomethingstolookforwhendecidingthetrainingthat'srightforyou.A．Youaren'tlikeanybodyelseD．Checktherulesaboutdosanddon'tsE．Whateverthepresentation,publicspeakingistough22/46[解题思绪]依据“sogethelp”可知应填一个表示原因句子。依据下句中“...readytoofferyoupublicspeakingtrainingandcourses...”也可知开头说与publicspeaking相关。尝试解答：故选________表示因果关系词有：so/therefore,thus,consequently(结果),asaresult(of),so/such...that...，sothat...等。E23/46 (·全国Ⅰ片段)Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.____37____Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”A．Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B．Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C．Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D．Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.24/46E．Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F．Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G．Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.[解题思绪]依据forexample可知，接下来举例讲是选取每个单词首字母这一方法来隐藏信息。尝试解答：________E25/46 (·全国Ⅰ片段)●Youdidn'tlose“everything”．Oncetrustislost，whatisleft?Insteadoflookingatthesituationfromthishopelessangle，lookateverythingyoustillhaveandbethankfulforallofthegoodinyourlife.____40____Instead，it'sahealthywaytoworkthroughtheexperiencetoallowroomforpositivegrowthandforgiveness.E．They'vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan'tbeartoletithappenagain.F．Thisknowledgecarriesoverintheirattitudetowardtheirfuturerelationships.G．Seeingthepositivesideofthingsdoesn'tmeanyou'reignoringwhathappened.26/46[解题思绪]依据下一句中Instead(反而)可知此空和下一句形成转折关系，G项(看到事情主动方面并不意味着你对发生事情视而不见)与之呼应，而且选项中positive和下一句中positive形成原词复现。尝试解答：此题属转折关系，故选________G27/46 (·全国Ⅰ片段)Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodebook.____39____Forexample,“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and“out”mightstandfor“me.”Themessage“bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”____40____However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmustbechangedfrequently.A．Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.B．Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.C．Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.D．Aslongastherehavebeencodes,peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.28/46E．Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.F．Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.G．Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.29/46[解题思绪]本题考查是关键词以及转折关系。下一句“itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong”中出现了alsohard，所以上一句关键词为hard；另外however表示转折关系，证实上一句与下一句表示意思相反，即上一句应该是：没有解密书，是极难去完成解密工作。尝试解答：此题属于转折关系，故选________表示转折或对比关系词有：but，however,yet,while/though,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless(然而)，still,yet,incontrast/comparison等。A30/463．段尾句31/46 (·北京片段)It'salsoimportanttoknowhowtoavoiddaydreamsforthosetimeswhenyoureallyneedtoconcentrate.“Mindfulness”，beingfocused,isatoolthatsomepeopleusetoavoidfallingasleep.____74____E．Itinvolvesslow,steadybreathingforself－controlthathelpspeoplestaycalmandattentive.F．Daydreamsareoftenverysimpleanddirect,quiteunlikesleepdreams,whichmaybehardtounderstand.32/46[解题思绪](1)本题为段尾空，属段落总结概括句，需要关注本段前面内容。(2)本段主要说明在需要集中精力时候防止做白日梦也很主要，前一句提出mindfulness这一概念，并用同位语beingfocused做出解释。第三步对比信息句和选项，得出答案尝试解答：________项中it指代前一句mindfulness，且attentive与前文concentrate，beingfocused，avoidfallingasleep语义一致。E33/46 (·洛阳高三二模)Thereisnodoubtthatanalyzingtheexactdataisimportanttoassessmentofanactualevent.Butdatashouldbedealtwithwisely.Weoftengetwrongdatawhichmisleadus.Remember,datahavenofeelingbutwehumanshave.Datadon'tmeanmuchtopeopleifwedonothavetheabilitiestoanalyzethedatawiththeknowledgeandconfidencetojudgewhethertheyaretrueorfalse.______A．Thusweshouldtryourbesttobewisethinkers.B．Datacanmakeourlifeeasierandmorecomfortable.C．Butsometimeswemayfindthatdataaren'teverything.D．Sometimesourheartsandmindaremoresensitivethandata.34/46E．Nowandthentheso－calledspecificdatapuzzleusverymuch.F．Theexactdatashouldcomefromassessmentofanactualevent.G．Therearemanythingsinourlifewhichcannotbemeasuredbydata.[解题思绪]本题设空在段尾，空格前一句叙述内容是“假如我们没有能力利用所学知识和自信去分析数据正确是否，那么数据对我们来说就毫无意义”。所得出结论就是“所以我们要尽最大努力成为一名睿智思索者”，结合线索词Thus可知正确答案。尝试解答：________A35/46 (·北京片段)Makinggoodchoicesaboutyourownhealthrequiresreasonableevaluation.Akeyfirststepinbetteringyourevaluationabilityistolookcarefullyatyoursourcesofhealthinformation.Reasonableevaluationincludesknowingwhereandhowtofindrelevantinformation,howtoseparatefactfromopinion,howtorecognizepoorreasoning,andhowtoanalyzeinformationandthereliabilityofsources.____71____Gototheoriginalsource.Mediareportsoftensimplifytheresultsofmedicalresearch.Findoutforyourselfwhatastudyreallyreported,anddeterminewhetheritwasbasedongoodscience.Thinkaboutthetypeofstudy.36/46A．Makechoicethatarerightforyou.G．Thefollowingsuggestionscanhelpyousortthroughthehealthinformationyoureceivefromcommonsources.[解题思绪]本题挖空处为第一段段尾。第一段简明提出我们要学会分析来自各种渠道健康信息，第二段就怎样对这些信处进行分类整理给予一些提议。从文章篇章结构分析，空格起承上启下作用。尝试解答：此题属承上启下类，故选________G37/464．通用技能除每个题型有本身特殊解题技巧外，在阅读七选五中还有两种通法，依据考题活用这两种方法能够准确判定答案。①词汇复现法复现，是为确保文章前后衔接而经常使用一个写作伎俩，即作者在文章上下文不一样位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同源词复现、同义词/近义词、反义词复现等。38/46 (·全国Ⅰ片段)●____39____Ifyou'vebeenbetrayed，youarethevictimofyourcircumstance.Butthere'sadifferencebetweenbeingavictimandlivingwitha“victimmentality”．Atsomepointinallofourlives，we'llhaveourtrusttestedorviolated.C．Stopregardingyourselfasthevictim.D．Rememberthatyoucanexpectthebestinreturn.39/46[解题思绪]由空格后面内容能够看出，本段主要讲是被背叛了后该怎么办。选项C中关键词语“victim”与本段主旨相吻合，“victim”一词在本段中重复出现，属于原词复现，且选项C是对本段概括总结。尝试解答：________②代词线索法英语表示中代词出现频率极高，代词作用无非是指代前面提及名词，名词短语或句子概念，巧妙利用这么指代关系和依据代词单复数差异能够准确而快速地解题。it可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子；these或those指代前句复数名词。C40