教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力押题练习试题B卷含答案

教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力押题练习试题B卷含答案

单选题（共60题）1、Teachersina/an_______classroomareencouragedtoshowapprovalforeachandeverycorrectperformancebytheirstudents,andthedrillsaredesignedtoproducesuccessforthestudents.A.Grammar-TranslationB.SituationalC.Audio-lingualD.Communicative【答案】C2、AccordingtoBartlett,reflectiveteachingincludesfivestages,thatis,mapping,informingandthreeotherstagesEXCEII"A.monitoringB.contestingC.appraisalD.acting【答案】A3、Whichofthefollowingelementsdoesnotbelongtoacommunicativewritingtask?A.asenseofauthenticityB.accuracy-basedC.process-orientedD.students-focused【答案】B4、Thepolicewereseekingmoreinformationtofindout_______therichman.A.whowasitthatkilleDB.whoitwasthatkilleDC.itwaswhokilledD.whowasitkilleD【答案】B5、Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey'realwayscominginforcriticism．A.BecauseadvertisersoftenbragB.Becausecriticsthinkadvertisementisa"wasteofmoney"C.BecausecustomersareencouragedtobuymorethannecessaryD.Becausecustomerspaymore【答案】A6、Itisimperativethatthegovernment__________moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.A.attractsB.shallattractC.attractD.hastoattract【答案】C7、请阅读短文，完成第小题。A.argueforteachingbrightandnot-so-brightpupilsinthesameclassB.recommendpairworkandgroupworkforclassroomactivitiesC.offeradviceontheproperuseofthelibraryD.emphasizetheimportanceofappropriateformalclassroomteaching【答案】D8、请阅读短文，完成此题。A.instructionofexpertsB.judgmentofourownC.directionofengineersD.indicationofteachers【答案】B9、Inacomnlexintegrationtask,ateacherisexpectedtodeviseaseriesofactivitieswhichare_______linked.A.thematicallyB.syntacticallyC.semanticallyD.linguistically【答案】A10、AnneWhitney,asophomoreatColoradoStateUniversity,firsthadaproblemtakingtestswhenshebegancollege."Iwasalwayswellpreparedformytests.SometimesIstudiedforweeksbeforeatest.YetIwouldgointotakethetest,onlytofindIcouldnotanswerthequestionscorrectly.Iwouldblankoutbecauseofnervousnessandfear.Icouldn'tthinkoftheanswer.MylowgradesonthetestsdidnotshowwhatIknewtotheteacher."Anotherstudentinbiologyhadsimilarexperiences.Hesaid,"Myfirstchemistrytestwasverydifficult.Then,onthesecondtest,A.allstudentscouldovercometheanxietyaftertakingaspecialtestanxietyprogramB.almostallstudentsfeltlessstressaftertakingaUniversityofCaliforniaadvisingcourseC.studentsfounditdifficulttoimproveeventhoughtheyhadtakenaspecialtestanxietycourseD.studentsfounditeasytorelaxassoonastheyenteredaUniversityofCaliforniaadvisingcourse【答案】B11、AnewschemeforgettingchildrentoandfromschoolisbeingstartedbytheeducationauthoritiesinpartofEasternEngland．Thiscouldendtheworriesofmanyparentsfearfulfortheirchildren'ssafetyontheroads．A.whohadnotyetansweredlettersB.whodidn'twanttopayC.whosechildrenstayedawayfromschoolD.whohadaskedabouttransportbefore【答案】D12、Asmodernlinguisticsaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,andnottolaydownrulesfor“correct”linguisticbehavior,itissaidtobe_____.?A.prescriptiveB.sociolinguistiC.CdescriptiveD.psycholinguistiC【答案】C13、Polyester(聚酯)isnowbeingusedforbottles.ICI,thechemicalsandplasticscompany,believesthatitisnowbeginningtobreakthegripofglassonthebottlebusinessandthustakeadvantageofthishugemarket.A.arecheaperB.aremoresuitedtosmallsizesC.aremoreexcitingtolookatD.donotbreakeasily【答案】D14、WhydoGermanandFrenchbabiesproducedifferenttypesofcriesaccordingtotheresearch?A.BecausetheycancontrolwhattheyhearB.BecausetheycancontroltheirdifferentbreathingpatternsC.Becausetheydon'tsharethesamephysiologicalstructureD.Becausetheycansomehowcontroltheirsoundproduction【答案】D15、Teacher:Afterlistening,answerthefollowingtwoquestionsaccordingtowhatyouhaveheardonthetape．A.InferringB.GistlisteningC.ListeningfordetailsD.Dictation【答案】A16、Aroundtwoo’clockeverynight,Suewillstarttalkinginherdream.Itsomewhat________us.A.bothersB.hadbothereDC.wouldbotherD.bothereD【答案】B17、Operationswhichleftpatients__________andinneedoflongperiodsofdiscoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.A.unhealthyB.exhaustedC.fearfulD.upset【答案】B18、Ifyouhavegotkids,hereisanastytruth:theyareprobablynotveryspecial,thatis,theyareaverage,ordinary,andunremarkable.ConsiderthenumbersofthoseapplicationsyourdaughterissendingtoIvyLeagueschools,forinstance.Therearemorethanaquarterofamillionotherkidsaimingforthesameeightcollegesatthesametime,andlessthan9%ofthemwillmakethecut.AndthosehoursyouspendcoachingLittleLeaguebecauseyoujustknowyourson'ssweetswingwilltakehimtotheprofessionals.Thereare2.4millionotherLittleLeaguersoutthere,andthereareexactly750openingsformajorleagueballplayersatthebeginningofeachseason.Thatgiveshima0.0313%chanceofreachingthebigclubs.Theoddsarejustaslongfortheotherdreamsyou'vehadforyourkids:yourchildthebillionaire,theBroadwaystar,theRhodesscholar.Mostofthosethingsarenevergoingtohappen.Thekidsarepayingthepriceforparents'delusions.Inpublicschools,somestudentsarebringinghome17.5hoursofhomeworkperweekor3.5perschoolnightandit'shardtoseehowtheyhavetimetodoit.From2004to2014,thenumberofchildrenparticipatinginuptothreehoursofaider-schoolactivitiesonanygivendayrosefrom6.5millionto10.2million.Andallthewhile,thekidsarebeingfedapromise--thattheycanbetutoredandcoached,pushedandtested,hot-housedandadvanceplaceduntilsuccessisassured.Atlast,agrowingchorusofeducatorsandpsychologistsissaying,"Enough!"Somewherebetweentheself-esteembuildingofgoingforthegoldandtheself-esteemcrushingoftheIvy-or-dieethostherehastobeaplacewherekidscanbreathe,wheretheycanhavethefreedomtodowhattheyloveandwhereparentsaccustomedtopushingtheirchildrentoexcelcanshakeoffthenewlydefinedshameofhavingraisedanordinarychild.A.Theyshouldbetheirkids'companionsontheirjourneytoacademicexcellenceB.TheyshouldrealizethefactthatmostchildrenwouldremainmediocredespitetheirwillsC.Theyshouldfeelrelievediftheydon'thavetopayfortheirkid'soff-schoolartlessonsD.Theyshouldbetheirkids'careerdirectorratherthanhelpthemfindarightpathtowalkon【答案】B19、请阅读Passagel，完成此题。A.Hedidn'tlikecellphonesatallandthoughttheywerepoisonous,especially,forkidsB.Hebelievedthatcellphoneswereruiningkids'abilitiestoexperiencetheirownlivesC.Heworriedthathiskidswouldplaytheirphonesinclassandbeabsent-mindedD.Hewasadifferentkindoffatherwhowouldliketoraisehiskidsinadifferentway【答案】A20、Theyheardthe_______ofswordsandrealizedthatthefightingbegan.A.clashB.crashC.crushD.collision【答案】A21、Passage1A.abusethemselvesphysicallyandmentallyB.arehighlyproductivemembersofsocietyC.torturethemselvesphysicallyD.bothAandB【答案】D22、请阅读Passage2，完成第小题。A.memoryisacompensationforforgettingB.thememorystoragesystemisbalancedC.thecapacityofamemorystoragesystemislimitedD.forgetfulnessisaresponsetolearning【答案】D23、Theambiguityin"Myfrienddrovemetothebank."iscausedby__________.A.lexicalitemsB.agrammaticalstructureC.homonymyD.polysemy【答案】D24、WhichofthefollowingcorrectlydescribestheEnglishphoneme/d/?_________A.AvoiceddentalfricativeB.AvoicedalveolarfricativeC.AvoicelessdentalplosiveD.Avoicelessalveolarfricative【答案】B25、Bodylanguageisapowerfulcommunicationsystem,__________itcansignalverydifferentthings.A.butB.soC.forD.then【答案】C26、Consonantsareclassifiedintermsof__________.A.theplacewheretheairstreamobstructionoccursB.thepartoftonguethatisthehighestC.opennessofthemouthD.thelengthofthesound【答案】A27、WhichofthefollowingistrueofEnglishsoundsystemA.AspirationisadistinctivefeatureB.VoicingisadistinctivephoneticfeatureC.NasalizationofvowelsgivesrisetoanothervowelD.Lengthofvowelsdifferentiatesonevowelfromtheother【答案】B28、Passage1A.VirusesoftenremainhiddenintheenvironmentB.BacteriaarepassedtootherpeoplebytheinfectedindividualC.ThelonelypeoplecancatchvirusesmoreeasilyD.Virusesposeagreaterthreattothegregariousthanbacteria【答案】D29、WhichofthefollowinghastheproperwordstressA.comParisonB.ComparisonC.compaRisonD.comparisON【答案】A30、Whenteaching__________,teachersshouldnotonlyfocusonwordsorgrammar,butalsofostertheabilitytounderstandtherelationshipbetweensound,grammarandlexis,aswellasacapacitytoinferanddeterminerelationshipsbetweensentences.A.listeningB.speakingC.readingD.writing【答案】A31、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTawayofconsolidatingvocabulary?A.DefiningB.MatchingC.Gap-fillingD.Labelling【答案】A32、You__________allthosecalculations!Wehaveacomputertodothatsortofthing.A.needn'thavedoneB.mustnothavedoneC.shouldn'thavedoneD.cannothavedone【答案】A33、Whenanyofthemaximsunderthecooperativeprincipleisflouted,_______mightarise.?A.impolitenessB.contradictionsC.mutualunderstandingD.conversationalimplicatures【答案】D34、Whenteachersteachpronunciationtostudents,whichsuggestionisuselessA.UsehandsandarmstoconductchoralpronunciationpracticeB.MovearoundtheclassroomwhendoingchoralpracticeC.TrytousevisualaidsD.Relyonexplanations【答案】D35、Passage1A.ThefrontalcortexB.ThemiddleofthebrainC.TheprefrontalcortexD.Thebackpartofthebrain【答案】B36、请阅读Passagel。完成第小题。A.ThesisstatementB.RhetoricalquestionsC.SpecificexamplesD.Directquotation【答案】A37、WhenAmerican-bornactorMichaelPenawasayearold,hisparentsweredeported.TheyhadillegallywalkedacrosstheU.S.borderfromMexicoandwhentheywerecaughtbyimmigrationauthorities,theysentPenaandhisbrothertostaywithrelativesintheU.S.“Itwasquiteabitofagambleformyparents,”saysPena,“buttheycamebackayearlater.”Pena?sfather,whohadbeenafarmerinMexico,gotajobatabuttonfactoryinChicagoand,eventually,agreencard.PenastayedinChicagountil,at19,hefledtoLosAngelestopursuehisactingdreams.ThisfamilyhistorymakesPena?slatestroleespeciallypersonal.InCesarChavez,PenaplaysthelaborleaderashestrugglestoorganizeimmigrantCaliforniafarmworkersinthe1960s.Topressuregrowerstoimproveworkingconditionsandwages,Chavezledanationalboycottoftablegrapesthatlastedfrom1965to1970andisrecordedinthefilm.Chavez,likePena,wastheAmerican-bornsonofMexicanfarmerswhoimmigratedtotheU.S.“A.TheAmericanpubliccametorealizethepowerofchangeintheLatinocommunityB.Themodernimmigrant-rightsmovementleadersknewhowtoorganizetheiractivitiesstrategicallyC.TheU.S.governmentknewhowtolocateundocumentedfarmworkersandofferthemofficialregistrationD.TheMexicanfarmworkerscouldtravelacrossthecountryduringthegrapeboycotttosharetheirsufferings【答案】B38、Tony,you’vegotafever.You_______thatcoldshowerlastnight.A.mightnothaveB.couldhavehaDC.hadn’thaveD.shouldn’thavehaD【答案】D39、请阅读Passage2。完成第小题。A.TheWorldCupbroadcasthasbrokenitsrecordinAmericaB.Americans'interestinfootballhassurgedthisyearC.SmartphonesandtabletsbecomemoreandmorepopularD.AmericanswerenotinterestedinTheWorldCuppreviously【答案】B40、AstudentfindsitdifficulttolearntheEnglishsounds[θ]and[e].Ifyouaretheteacher,whichofthefollowingstrategiescanbeused?A.ExplaininghowtomakethesoundsB.UsingtonguetwistersC.WritingthemontheblackboardD.Makingupsentences【答案】A41、Thefollowingconversationclearlyviolatesthe_________.A.MaximofQuantityB.MaximofRelationC.MaximofQualityD.MaximofManner【答案】A42、Whenhepickedupalargesumofmoneybyaccident,hebattledwithhis__________whetherheshouldkeepitorreturnittotheowner.A.consciousnessB.conscienceC.commitmentD.convenience【答案】B43、TeacherTomgavethetopicof“SendaLetter”,andthenaskedstudentstorecallthewordstheylearntsuchas“postoffice,stamp,envelop,address,zipcode”.Whichmemorizingstrategydidheuse?A.MemorysystemsB.AssociationC.DictionarystrategyD.Internetassistance【答案】B44、Whichofthefollowingreferstothestudyofmeaninginabstraction?A.PhoneticsB.PragmaticsC.SemanticsD.Sociolinguistics【答案】C45、Whenastudentsaidinclass,"Icomehomeat6o′clockyesterday",theteachersaid"Camenotcome".WhichruleofeffectivefeedbackdoestheteacherNOTobey?A.RelevanceB.AccuracyC.GuidanceD.Timeliness【答案】C46、请阅读短文，完成此题。A.NowthephenomenonofchoosingemployeesbygenderdoesnolongerexistB.WomenhavelittleopportunityforpromotionC.WomenareneededtodomuchhouseworkD.Womenalwaysgetlowpayintheiroccupations【答案】A47、Thenewlymarriedcouplewantsarestaurantthatservesgoodfoodandhasabitof__________aswell.A.situationB.conditionsC.environmentD.atmosphere【答案】D48、Whenpitch,stressandlengthvariationsaretiedtothesentenceratherthantotheword，theyarecollectivelyknownas___________.A.intonationB.toneC.phonemeD.sentencestress【答案】A49、Duetothe__________influence,someChineselearnersofEnglishwronglypassivizeintransitiveverbslike"die",asin"Johnwasdiedlastyear".A.intedingualB.interculturalC.intralingualD.intmcultural【答案】C50、ThecoreconceptoftheNewCurriculumisA.promotingtheprofessionalteachers'developmentB.lettingthestudentschoosethecourseindependentlyC.advocatingtheconstructivistlearningD.foreverystudent'sdevelopment【答案】D51、Passage2A.DrawingcriticismB.ReceivingsuspicionC.AttractingattentionD.Causingdisagreement【答案】D52、请阅读Passage2，完成此题。A.MeasuresshouldbetakentopreventthegrowthofsuburbsB.TheexpansionofsuburbanareasshouldbeplannedinadvanceC.TheWesthadmadeafewmistakesonitswaytosuburbanizationD.Plannersshouldbementallypreparedforitsnegativeconsequences【答案】B53、Passage1A.One'sworthliesinhisperformancecomparedwithothers'B.One'ssuccessincompetitionneedsgreateffortsC.One'sachievementisdeterminedbyhisparticularskillsD.One'ssuccessisbasedonhowhardhehastried【答案】A54、__________doesnotstudymeaninginisolation,butincontext.A.PragrnaticsB.SemanticsC.Cross-culturalcommunicationD.Syntax【答案】A55、Inthefollowingconversation,Bviolatesthemaximof___________.A.quantityB.qualityC.mannerD.relation【答案】D56、Portfolios,dailyreportsandspeechdeliveringaretypicalmeansof＿.A.norm-referencedtestB.criterion-referencedtestC.summativeassessmentD.formativeassessment【答案】D57、Passage1A.TheamountoftimethatteachersspendwithindividualstudentsB.TheamountofknowledgethatteachersimparttostudentsC.ThecontentoftheteachingmaterialsusedbyteachersD.Thevarietyofactivitiesorganizedbyteachers【答案】A58、Ofthefollowingsoundcombinations,only_______ispermissibleaccordingtothesequentialrulesinEnglish.A.kilB.bkilC.ilkBD.ilbk【答案】A59、Passage1A.IthelpstheadoptedkidsformacorrectattitudetotheircomplexheritageB.IthelpstheChinesechildrenhavefunwiththeirAmericanparentsC.IthelpstheAmericansincreasetheadoptionfromRussiaandChinaD.IthelpstheAmericanparentsadoptchildrenfromothercountries【答案】B60、请阅读Passage2。完成第小题。A.TheywereinterestedinthechurchesandmuseumsthereB.Istanbul'sstreetlifeisfascinatingtotheirteenageboysC.ThiscitycouldhelpbroadentheirvisionwithnewexperiencesD.ThecityisnotlistedasatroublespotbytheU.S.StateDepartment【答案】C大题（共18题）一、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。课堂教学设计是以获得最优化的教学效果为目的，提高课堂教学质量的一项关键工作。简述其五个基本要素，并说明基本程序。【答案】(1)课堂教学设计的五个基本要素：教学任务及对象；教学目标；教学策略；教学过程；教学评价。(2)课堂教学设计的基本程序：①分析教学任务，阐述教学的预期目标；从学习的需求分析开始，了解教学中存在的问题，学生的实际情况与期望水平之间的差距。这样以解决“为什么”及“学什么”和“教什么”的问题。②分析学生特征，教师在分析具体的教学内容时，不仅要考虑课程、单元及课时的教学内容的选择和安排，更需考查学生在进行学习之前，对于本课程中本单元的学习内容具有什么知识和技能，即对学生初始能力的评定，了解学生的一般特征和对所学内容的兴趣和态度，即确定学生的起点状态。③明确具体的学习目标，分析学生从起点状态过渡到终点状态应掌握的知识、技能或应形成的态度与行为习惯：即学生通过学习应该掌握什么知识和技能。④确定教学策略，考虑用什么方式和方法给学生呈现教材，提供学习指导；考虑怎样才能实现学习目标或教学目标。解决“怎么学”和“怎么教”的问题，其中应考虑教学媒体的选择和应用，根据不同的情况选择不同的教学媒体或教学资源。⑤实行教学设计评价，考虑如何对教学的结果进行科学的测量与评价。考虑用什么方法引起学生的反应并提供反馈：对学和教的行为做出评价，在行为评价时，一方面要以目标为标准进行评价，另一方面评价提供了关于教学效果的反馈信息，从而对模式中所有步骤作重新审查，特别应检验目标和策略方面的决定。二、根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计20分钟的英语写作教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：·teachingobjectives·teachingcontents·keyanddifficultpoints·majorstepsandtimeallocation·activitiesandjustifications教学时间：20分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学初中一年级学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》二级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：Writeyourownnotetoafriend.Invitehim/hertoanactivityinyourschool.Usethequestions?tohelpyou.1.What′syourfriend′sname?2.Whatdoesyourfriendliketodo?【答案】TeachingContents:Writinganoteofinvitationtoafriend.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentswillmastersomeexpressionsaboutschoolactivityandknowhowtoinviteothers.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentswilllearnhowtowriteanoteofinvitationandimprovetheabilityofwriting.(3)Emotionalobjectives①Studentswilllearntolovetheirschoollife.②StudentswillbemoreinterestedinwritinginEnglish.TeachingKeyPoints:①Studentsareabletocollectinformationaboutschoolactivity.②Studentscanmasterthemethodsandproceduresofwritinganoteofinvitation.TeachingDifficultPoint:Studentscanorganizegatheredinformationintoawholecompletepassage.MajorSteps:三、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》指出，评价体系应包括形成性评价和终结性评价。解释形成性评价的定义，简述其目的与原则(分别写出三个要点)．并列举课堂收集形成性评价信息的三种方式。【答案】(1)定义：形成性评价是指在教学活动过程中，评价活动本身的效果，用以调节活动过程，保证目标的实现而进行的评价．是为指导教学过程顺利进行而对学生在学习过程中使用所学知识进行学习活动的情况的评价。(2)目的：形成性评价的主要目的是为了发现每个学生的学习潜能，促进学生的学习；为教师提供教学反馈；通过收集学生日常学习的情况和学习需要，随时调整教学内容和方法，帮助学生有效调控自己的学习过程，从而提高课堂教学效率。(3)原则：科学性原则、导向性原则、多元化原则、激励性原则、情感性原则、可行性原则等。(列举三种即可)(4)课堂收集形成性评价信息的方式：课堂学习活动评比、学习效果自评、问卷调查、访谈等。(列举三种即可)四、设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计20分钟的阅读教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：~teachingobjectives~teachingcontents~keyanddifficultpoints~majorstepsandtimeallocation~activitiesandjustifications教学时间：20分钟学生概况：某城镇普通高中一年级第一学期学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》五级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：TheLifeofMarkTwainOftenthelivesofwritersresemblethelivesofthecharacterstheycreate.MarkTwain,whowroteTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnandTheAdventuresofTomSawyer,wasnoexception.Tostartwith,theauthor'sname,MarkTwain,isitselfaninvention,or"penname".Twain'srealnamewasSamuelClemens."MarkTwain",whichmeans"watermarktwo",wasacallusedbysailorsontheMississippitowarnshipmatesthattheywerecomingintoshallowwater.LikeHuck,MarkTwainledanadventurouslife.Heleftschoolearly,andasanadolescent,determinedtomakehisfortuneinSouthAmerica,setofffromhishomeinHannibal,Missouri,forNewOrleans.HewantedtotakeaboattotheAmazon,wherehethoughthecouldgetrichquickly.HearrivedinNewOrleanswithoutapennyinhispocketonlytofindthattherewerenoboatsforSouthAmerica.Forcedtochangehisplans,heworkedforseveralyearsasapilotonasteamboat,takingpassengersupanddowntheMississippi,thegreatriverwhichflowsfromthenorthoftheUSneartheCanadianborder,downtotheGulfofMexico.【答案】(2)ScanningAskstudentstolocatecertaininformationbyreadingthepassagequicklytoanswerthefollowingquestions:①IsMarkTwainhisrealname?Ifnot,whatishisrealname?②Whatdidhedowhenheworkedonthesteamboat?③Whatdidhedoafterthat?4.WhatreputationdidMarkTwinearn?(3)CarefulreadingAskstudentstoreadthepassagecarefullyandfulfillthefollowingparagraph:MarkTwainisactuallyaname,whichmeansthat__.Helivedan__life.HeleftschoolearlytoinSouthAmerica,butinOrleanshehad__andfoundnoboattoAmazon,soheworksonRiverasaonasteamboat.Afterthathebecameatowrite,whoseestablishedhimagreatreputation.Beforeshowingtheanswer,inviteafewstudentstoreadtheircompletedparagraph,andotherscanchecktheirs.(Justification:Fastreadingcanhelpstudentsgraspthemainideaandspecificinformationofthepassage.Carefulreadingcandeepenstudents'understandingofthepassage.)Step3Post-reading(5minutes)Askstudentstoworkinpairstodiscussthefollowingquestions:1.Whydothelivesofwritersresemblethelivesofcharactershecreates?HowdoestheresemblancegetreflectedbyMarkTwain?2.Canyousummarizethestructureofthepassage?五、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。简述scanning的含义并举一例说明其基本用途。写出训练该项技能时的三条注意事项，?并用英语写出两句相关的教师指令语。【答案】(1)scanning的含义：scanning译为“找读，扫读，寻读，查读”，是一种快速阅读方式，其目的是从较长的文字资料中查寻特定的细节内容。寻读要求即快又准，要在短时间内准确地找到目标。基本用途：例如：在教学“NelsonMandela—AModemHero”一课时，可以通过设置寻读活动“Askstudentstoscanthepassagein5minutesandcompletethechan-ATimelineofElias’Life”．让学生在5分钟内扫读文章，然后根据时间顺序填写表格。通过寻读活动，可以帮助学生了解文章特定信息，提高学生的阅读速度。找读是教师需要训练学生提高的阅读能力之一。(2)注意事项：①在设计寻读活动时，要有明确的时限规定，以促使学生在较短的时间内完成任务。②在设计寻读活动时，要引导学生借助关键词快速锁定寻读目标，切忌从头逐字地寻找，导致学生的寻读技巧未得到有效的培养。③在设计寻读活动时，教师的指令要清楚，不能过于简单，这会造成学生不清楚做什么的局面，从而影响阅读效果。指令中应包含学生应在多长时间内(timelimit)，通过怎么读(how)，读出什么(what)等信息。教师指令语：①ScantheParagraphs3-5in5minutestogetenoughinformationtofillthetable．②Scanthefirsttenlinesin3minutesandanswerthefollowingtwoquestions．六、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。简述进行短文听写（dictation）的目的（6分）与三个基本步骤（6分）。写出短文听写的一个优点（4分）和一个缺点（4分）。【答案】1.目的：短文听写是一种重要的教学手段和测试项目，用于测试评估应试者输入(听)和输出(写)的综合能力。2.三大步骤：一、瞻前顾后，预测内容在听短文的录音之前，考生要快速浏览短文，对全文的内容有一个大致的了解，并对将要填写的词或词组进行预测。在浏览短文时，重点要看每段的第一句，因为绝大多数的英文写作中都会先有一个主题句，再引出下文的内容，把握好主题句，有助于预测空缺处的内容。在浏览短文的过程中，需要运用平行结构预测所填内容，根据空前后的词推测该空在句中的作用，进而预测其词性。二、集中精神，逐次填空短文听写部分的录音一般会放三遍，每一遍都有不同的作用：录音放第一遍时，跟着录音走，边听边记下能填出的空，如果要填写的单词较长，可以暂时简写;录音放第二遍时，重点听第一遍没有听出来的词或词组，尽量把所有空都补齐，把第一遍没有写完整的单词补充完整;录音放第三遍时，要核对已经填出的词或词组，对于前两遍没有听出的单词要尽可能地听出来。三、检查细节，确保正确在录音放完之后，一定要注意检查已填内容，排除因为粗心或笔误而造成的错误，如字母大小写、单词拼写、名词单复数和主谓一致等。3.优点：对于要考查的词汇，短语和语法能够清楚地判断考生的掌握情况，比如动词三单，名词单复数等问题。缺点：相对于听一段听力材料，后用自己的语言答题这种题型来说，短文填空不能考查学生自我语言组织和输出能力。对于考生更高听力综合运用能力无法很好地考查。七、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。作业的意义是什么?(6分)请为“Howdoyoumakeabananamilkshake?”这一单元设计两种不同形式的作业并阐述原因。(14分)【答案】(1)作业的意义：①可以检查自己的学习效果。②可以加深对知识的理解。③可以培养思维能力。④做作业可以为总复习积累资料。(2)作业设计：①根据新课改的理念，老师在学生学习的过程中要培养他们的动手操作以及实际运用能力，所以教师在本单元结束后可以让孩子们在家里为自已的爸爸妈妈做一杯水果奶昔，这样学生们不仅做到了学以致用，同时父母也可以了解孩子在学校的学习内容，也为一家人创造了一个温馨相处的机会。②为了培养学生们的创新能力，教师可以让学生们回去想想我们还可以用哪些材料制作饮品，并作记录用英文在下节课中分享。这样的作业新颖有趣，记录过程也锻炼了学生的写作能力，在课堂中分享也是为学生们提供一个展现自我的机会，培养他们的表达能力，帮学生建立自信心。八、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。一位教师在英语教学过程中，按照听、说、读、写顺序指导学生学习英语，强调模拟、重复、记忆和句型练习，极力避免学生出现语言错误。请问该教师采用了什么教学法?该教学法有哪些优缺点?【答案】该教师采用了听说法。(1)听说法的优点：①重视听说训练，有利于培养学生的听力能力和自然的语音语调；②通过句型操练，能够利用有限的语言材料使学生较快地学会口语表达；③在加强听、说能力，提高学生外语实践水平上有一定作用。(2)听说法的缺点：①只注意句型本身意义，忽视物质意义和情景意义，从而造成学生往往并不了解句子的确切含义；②一般不指明语法规则，使学生对语言体系没有一个清晰准确的概念，加上机械性重复练习．学生的语言创造生成的能力得不到培养和发挥；③它是一个脱离语境，忽视意义的模式体系，所以不利于培养学生进行自然的语言交际的能力。九、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。下面是初中英语课堂教学导入活动中的师生对话片段，该单元的话题是“Jobs”。T:Hi,Lily.WhatdoesyourmotherdoS:He...T:Oh,no.Not"he",yourmotherisawoman.Youshoulduse"she"insteadof"he".OKS:...Er...Mm...(不知所措)T:Goon!What′syourmother′sjobS:Heisa...根据上面教学情境回答下列问题：(1)该教师采用了何种纠错方式效果如何你的判断依据是什么(2)该教师的纠错行为对学生的表达有何影响(3)针对该教师的纠错行为，提出两条建议。【答案】(1)该教师采用的是直接纠错法。直接纠错是指学习者出现错误时，教师打断其语言训练或实践活动．对其错误予以正面纠正(说出正确的语言形式，并让学生改正)。效果：没有起到纠错的作用。依据：教师纠错后，学生表现得很紧张、不知所措，并没有吸收正确的表达方式。这导致学生在第二次作答时，仍不能正确组织语言，错误仍然没有改正。(2)该教师在对话的过程中不断打断学生进行语法的纠正，过于关注语法的准确性，会导致学生因为常犯错误而自信心下降．并影响口语表达的流利性。(3)建议：①合理把握纠错时机。如果教学活动旨在培养学生的口头表达能力，那么教师在学生发言时不宜进行纠错，以免造成学生心理紧张。影响其表达的流利性：教师应在学生发言结束后再指出其错误，并给出正确的表达形式。如果教学活动的侧重点是语言的准确性，教师则应及时指出学生的错误并予以纠正，以保证正确输出，为精确表达奠定基础。②合理变换纠错主体。教师在英语课堂上可灵活变换纠错主体，单独或交替使用自我纠错、同学纠错和全班共同纠错等方式。一十、根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。下列教学片段选自某初中课堂实录，阅读后回答问题：?T:Ok!Next,let'sreadthetextandchoosethebestheadingforeachparagraph.Readthepassageandchoosethebestheadingforeachparagraph.(5minuteslater)T:Now,whocanshowustheanswer?S1:B,A,C,F,E.T:Youareclever,but,doyouhaveanyotherideasforParagraph3?S1:Ohsorry,It'sD.T:Excellent!Nowwehaveknownthemainmeaningofeachparagraph.Thistimelet'sreadeachparagraphcarefully.Then,makeagroupdiscussionandtrytofillintheform.10minutesplease.(1Ominuteslater.)T:Timeisup.Whichgroupwantstoshowyourformtous?Ok,Group1.$2:...T:Welldone.Doyouagreewiththem?【答案】(1)从三维目标上分析教学目标：知识目标：学生能够知道文章的主要内容，以及文章的细节信息。能力目标：通过泛读和精读两个任务的分层训练，学生的阅读能力有所提升，能掌握训读的阅读策。情感态度目标：通过小组活动，学生能够提高合作意识，体验合作学习的快乐。(2)该教学片段属于阅读教学中的新课讲授环节。在本环节中，教师安排了初读感知和精细研读鼹个部分的阅读训练，层层深入地引导学生积极探索新知，通过具体任务的设置训练了学生的阅读能力，使学生掌握寻读的阅读策。在教学中运用了小组合作的学习方式，提高了学生的口语表达能力。培养了学生的团队精神和合作意识。(3)该教师采用的反馈方式是口头反馈、启发学生自己改错的方式。在外语教学中，教师不应该像监控器一样监控学生的语言输出。教学的最终目的是要促进迁移发生，也就是说，要启发学生学会用自己已经掌握的知识对自己的交际进行监控，自己改正错误。所以，该教师的做法启发了学生的思维。引导学生自己发现问题并改正，从而能更好地提高学生的学习效率，达到语言训练的目的。同时，该教师的反馈具有激励性，学生回答出错是很正常的情况，教师对此给予积极的鼓励会帮助学生树立学习的自信心，培养学习的兴趣。一十一、根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材．设计20分钟的英语写作教学方案。该方案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：·teachingobjectives？·teachingcontents？·keyanddifficultpoints？·majorstepsandtimeallocation？·activitiesandjustifications？教学时间：20分钟？学生概况：某城镇普通中学初中二年级（八年级）学生，班级人数40人，多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》三级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：3aReadthethreenotes.Matcheachnotewiththecorrectsituation.？_______Thank-younoteforagirl.？【答案】TeachingContents:Thematerialisaboutwritingathank-younote.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanbemorefamiliarwiththetopicof"thanks"andknowhowtoexpresstheirthankstoothers.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentscanwriteathank-younotelogicallyanduseittoexpresstheirthanks.O)EmotionalobjectiveStudentscanhavetheawarenessofexpressingtheirthanksafterothers'help.TeachingKeyandDifficultPoints:Studentscanmasterthemethodsandproceduresofwritingathank-younote.MajorSteps:Step1Pre.writing(7minutes)Atthissteptheteacherwillaskstudentstodothreeactivities.Activity1:SamplereadingStudentswillbeaskedtoread3a,andmatcheachnotewiththecorrectsituationbythemselves.一十二、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。下面是两位教师的课堂教学片段：Unit1学习的是比较级，其中有三个单词：fat(ter)，strong(er)，heavy(heavier)片段一：老师甲在讲到fat这个词时，让学生来造句，有很多学生站起来，说了这样一句：Student：LiMingisfatterthanhie．Teacher：Why?Student：He’sheavierthanme．全班同学哄堂大笑，这位学生很难为情，但老师下面的一句话马上将气氛缓和了过来：Teacher：ButIdon’tthinkhe’Stoofat．He’Sstron9．片段二：老师乙在教完这一课的内容后，组织学生寻找合作对象自编对话，一名学生站了起来想找一位较胖的学生来担任“比较对象”。有一位长得胖乎乎的学生自告奋勇站起来，于是发生这样一段对话：Studentl：Whoisfatterthanme?Student2：Iam．Iamfatterthanhim．Teacher：Good!Ithinkyouarefatter．Youaretherightperson!【答案】(1)两位老师在处理一个相同的话题时运用了两种截然不同的方法，毋庸置疑，前者的处理有利于学生的学习，而后者的处理则会对心理比较脆弱的学生产生负面的影响。(2)教学中总是会碰到一些意外，它们是教学中的不确定因素，它的产生在学生的情理之中，教师的意料之外。如何巧妙地处理，直接关系到师生间的良好互动和教与学的有效结合。上述案例中，第一位教师巧妙地避开了该学生的尴尬和自卑，用一个“strong”把学生的短处变成闪光点，把课堂气氛推向了一个高潮。由开放的导入而生成的丰富的学生资源，打破了旧课堂秩序的平衡，教师要在变动不已的课堂中发现、判断、整合信息，随时把握有价值的意外，推动教学的发展与生成。保护学生开口说英语的积极性，保护学生上课时愉悦的心情．学生们才能最大限度地发挥潜能，不受限制地发挥想象力，才会有创造语言的欲望，我们的教学才会有一石数鸟的意外收获。(3)语言教学在很大程度上依赖于学生与教师之间的团结、合作以及相互支持的人际关系．而这种关系时刻都受到彼此情感的影响。恰当、合理地使用语言，有助于沟通情感，增进友谊和相互尊重，改善这种人际关系，同时还可以创建一种和谐的语言活动氛围，努力产生浸润性的效果，让学生愉快地沉浸在英语的氛围中。在课上，教师要善于调控学生的情感态度，注意言语的导向，建立融洽、民主、团结、相互尊重的氛围，创造有利于学习的心理状态，形成积极的学习态度，让学生学得主动，学得愉快。一十三、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。下面是某英语教师在教授TheOlympicGames一课后布置的作业：?Nowyouhavetwotasks.Oneistofinishthelisteningpartinworkbook.TheotheristofindaninterestingmythologyabouttheOlympicGamesandsharewithustomorrow.根据作业内容回答以下问题：?(1)该作业布置的合理吗?(2)布置作业应注意哪些事项?(3)常见的作业有哪些