高考英语培优增分一轮人教经典版培优讲义必修53Unit3Lifeinthefuture

话题素材——未来生活[话题词汇]1.harmoniousadj.和谐的2.innovativeadj.创新的3.civilizationn.文明4.breathtakingadj.令人惊叹的；激动人心的5.milestonen.里程碑6.advancedscience尖端科学7.technicalinnovation技术创新8.sustainabledevelopment可持续发展9.make_progress取得进步10.letalone更不用说11.realizevt.实现；意识到12.live/leada/an...life过一种……的生活13.livingstandard生活水平14.besatisfied/contentwith对……感到满意[经典佳句]1.Inthelastdecades,advancesinmedicaltechnologyhave_made_it_possibleforpeopletolivelongerthaninthepast.在过去的几十年间，医疗技术的进步已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。2.Scienceplays_an_important_role_inourdailylife.科学在我们的日常生活中起重要作用。3.Lifeinthefutureisnotwhat_it_used_to_be.未来的生活和过去是不一样的。精美语篇LifeinthefutureAstimegoesby,therearegoingtobegreatchangesinoureverydaylifeinthefuture.Forexample,whenwearehungry,wedon'tneedtocookinahurry.Justtakesomepills,andeverythingwillbeOK.Whenwearefree,wecangotootherplanetsforholidaysbyspacecraft,whichwillbeverycheap,justliketakingataxinow.Andofcourse,ifwewanttoseewhatislikeunderthesea,justtraveldownthereinaflyingobjectlikeUFOorinanunmannedbusthroughaspecialtunnel.Maybetherewillbealotofbuildingsandpeoplelivingthere.Ibelieveourlifeinthefuturewillbemoreconvenient,interestingandwonderful.◆高频单词1.impression(n.)印象；感想；印记→impress(vt.)使留下深刻印象→impressive(adj.)令人印象深刻的2.constant(adj.)时常发生的；连续不断的→constantly(adv.)不断地3.uncertain(adj.)不确切的；无把握的→uncertainly(adv.)犹豫地；迟疑地→uncertainty(n.)犹豫；迟疑；无把握4.guide(n.)指导；向导；导游(vt.)指引；指导→guidance(n.)指引→guiding(adj.)给予指导的5.surroundings(n.)周围的事物；环境→surrounding(adj.)周围的6.tolerate(vt.)容忍；忍受→toleration(n.)容忍；忍受→tolerant(adj.)容忍的；宽容的7.lack(vi.&vt.)缺乏；没有(n.)缺乏；短缺的东西→lacking(adj.)缺乏的；短缺的8.adjustment(n.)调整；调节→adjust(vt.)调整9.press(vi.&vt.)按；压；逼迫(n.)按；压；印刷；新闻→pressure(n.)压力10.optimistic(adj.)乐观(主义)的→optimism(n.)乐观主义11.instant(n.)瞬间；片刻(adj.)立即的；立刻的→instantly(adv.)立即；立刻12.representative(n.)代表；典型人物(adj.)典型的；有代表性的→represent(vt.)代表13.settlement(n.)定居；解决→settle(v.)定居；解决→settler(n.)开拓者◆重点短语1.take_up拿起；接受；开始；继续2.as_a_result结果3.be_similar_to与……相似4.as_though/if好像5.be_back_on_one's_feet(困境后)恢复；完全复原6.losesightof...看不见……7.inalldirections向四面八方8.sweepup打扫；横扫9.slideinto(快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……10.beoptimisticabout对……感到乐观11.speedup加速12.showsb.around带领某人参观◆热点句型1.特殊疑问词＋插入语(doyouthink/suppose/expect/believe等)＋陈述语序Whichproblemsdo_you_think(你认为)peoplewillhaveovereinonethousandyears？(教材P17)2.形容词＋不定式(作状语)，主动表被动Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficult_to_tolerate(难以忍受)．(教材P18)3.过去分词短语在句子中作状语Hit_by_a_lack_of_fresh_air(由于缺乏新鲜空气),myheadached.(教材P18)4.make＋宾语＋宾语补足语“Putonthismask，”headvised.“It'llmake_you_feel_much_better(使你感觉好些)．”(教材P18)5.what引导的名词性从句However,IlostsightofWangPingwhenwereachedwhat_looked_like_a_large_market(一个看上去像是大市场的地方)becauseoftoomanycarriagesflyingbyinalldirections.(教材P18)6.形容词作状语Exhausted(我感到累极了),Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.(教材P18)7.where引导定语从句，修饰先行词Well,nowthere'sasystemwhere_the_waste_is_disposed_of(能处理掉废弃物)usingtheprinciplesofecology.(教材P22)◆同步训练在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Istillcannotbelieve________Iamtakingupthisprize________Iwonlastyear.答案：that；that2.Ihavetoremindmyself________(constant)thatIamreallyinAD3008.答案：constantly3.Icanstillrememberthemoment________thespacestewardesscalledusalltothecapsule.答案：when4.JustasItriedtomakethenecessaryadjustmentthisnewsituation,WangPingappeared.答案：to5.SoonIwasback________myfeetagainandfollowinghimtocollectahoveringcarriagedrivenbyputer.答案：on6.Thesecarriagesfloatabovethegroundand________bendingorpressingdowninyourseat,youcanmoveswiftly.答案：by7.________(arrive)atastrange­lookinghouse,heshowedmeintoalarge,brightcleanroom.答案：Arriving8.Ifoundlater________theirleavesprovidedtheroom________much－neededoxygen.答案：that;with9.Myfirstvisitwastoaspacestation________(consider)themostmoderninspace.答案：considered10.Istaredatthemovingmodelofthewastemachine,________(absorb)byitsefficiency.答案：absorbed1impressionn．印象；感想；印记教材原句FIRSTIMPRESSIONS(P17)第一印象(1)make/leaveanimpression(onsb.)给某人留下印象(2)impressvt.使留下深刻印象；使钦佩impresssb.withsth.给某人留下深刻印象impresssth.onsb.使(某人)了解(某事的重要性)beimpressedby/with/at对……印象深刻(3)impressiveadj.给人印象深刻的；令人钦佩的①Also,Iwouldbemeetingnewpeople,andproperlyironedclotheswouldhelpmemake_a__good__impression.当然，我会遇到新朋友，熨烫齐整的衣服会帮助我留下一个好印象。②Myfatheralwaysimpressesmewithhisknowledge.我父亲的学识总是令我钦佩。③Much_impressed_by/at/withherdiligence,thebankerhasdecidedtosponsorhertillshegraduatesfromcollege.那位银行家被她的勤奋深深打动，决定资助她直到大学毕业。2toleratevt.容忍；忍受教材原句Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficulttotolerate.(P18)开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。(1)tolerate(sb.)doingsth.忍受/容忍(某人)做某事＝stand(sb.)doingsth.＝bearsb.doing/todosth.(2)tolerate＝putupwith＝bear＝stand忍受；容忍(3)tolerancen.容忍；宽容①Theschoolcan'ttolerate_students'_cheatinginexams.学校绝不容许学生考试作弊。②Shecan'ttolerate_being_treatedthatway.她不能容忍被那样对待。③They'vebeentoobadlyhurtandtheycan'tbearto_let_it_happenagain.他们受到了严重伤害，并且他们不能容忍这样的事情再次发生。3lackvi.&vt.缺乏；没有n．缺乏；短缺的东西教材原句Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.(P18)由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。(1)lacksth.缺少某物(2)forlackofsth.因缺乏某物；因没有某物alackofsth.缺乏某物nolackof不缺乏(3)lackingadj.短缺的；缺乏的(不用于名词前)belackingin缺少……lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物动词(不用被动语态)，也可作不及物动词用(与介词for连用，lackfor多用于否定句)；形容词lacking与in连用。①ManypeopleinAfricancountriessufferfrommalnutritionfor_lack_of_food.非洲国家有很多人因食品缺乏而营养不良。②Alackof/Lackingconfidencecanleadtoalotofsufferings.缺乏自信心会导致许多痛苦。③Althoughsheisrichinknowledge,sheis_lacking_in/lackspracticalexperience.虽然她知识丰富，但是缺少实际经验。4instantn．瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的教材原句Youplacethemetalbandoveryourhead,clearyourmind,pressthesendingbutton,thinkyourmessageandthenextinstantit'ssent.(P22)你把金属带放在头上，整理思路，按下发送按钮，然后想着你要发送的信息，片刻功夫信息就发出去了。(1)inaninstant＝foraninstant一瞬间(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(theinstantthat＋从句,themoment/theminute＋从句,instantly/immediately/directly＋从句))eq\a\vs4\al\co1(一……,就……)表示“一……就……”的结构归纳：assoonas;nosooner...than...;hardly...when...;immediately/directly/instantly＋句子；theinstant/moment/minute/second＋句子；on＋(动)名词①Instant_foodsaremoreandmorepopularamongpeoplenowadays.如今，速食食品越来越受人们的欢迎。②Hestayedherefor_an_instantandthenlefthurriedly.他在这儿待了一会儿，然后就匆匆离开了。③Irecognizedherthe_instant(that)Isawher.我一看见她就认出了她。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．NicholasleftGryllsaverydeep________(impress)becausehedidtherightthingsinthedangeroussituation.答案：impression由设空前的不定冠词a和形容词deep可知，此处需用名词，故填impression。2．Thesecretofhappinessistothinkaboutpositivethingsandstay________(optimism)．答案：optimistic根据空前的系动词stay可知，应填形容词作表语。3．Theyhavedecidedtomakeafew________(adjust)totheirtravellingplan.答案：adjustmentsmakeafewadjustmentsto“对……作出一些调整”。4．Thebuildinghad________(previous)beenusedasahotel.答案：previously此处修饰谓语hadbeenused，故用副词。5．YoucanbrushwiththeKolibreeasif________(guide)byadentist.答案：guided此处为状语从句的省略。主语you与guide之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。句意：你可以用智能电动牙刷刷牙，好像是由牙医指导一样。Ⅱ.单句改错1．Inainstanttherainstoppedandtheskyclearedup.________________________________________________________答案：a→an2．Sheshowedalackinresponsibility,soshelostthegoodchance.________________________________________________________答案：in→of3．AsfarasIknow,ourteacherwon'ttoleratecheatintheexam.________________________________________________________答案：cheat→cheating4．Basingyourlifeonpopularcultureislikebuildingahouseonaconstantmovingfoundation.________________________________________________________答案：constant→constantly5．Don'tchewthetabletsbeforeswallow,oryoumaythrowthemup.________________________________________________________答案：swallow→swallowingeq\a\vs4\al(takeup拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用时间；占据空间)教材原句IstillcannotbelievethatIamtakingupthisprizethatIwonlastyear.P17我还是不能相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。takeoff脱掉(衣服等)；(飞机等)起飞；事业腾飞takeover接管takeapart拆开takedown写下；记下；拆除takecareof照顾takein吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗takeon呈现；雇用；承担；从事take...forgranted认为……是理所当然的①写出下列句中takeup的含义a．Afterheretiredfromoffice,Royerstookuppaintingforawhile,butsoonlostinterest.开始从事b．Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguing？接受c．Wetriedtofindatableforseven,buttheywerealltakenup.占用d．ShetookupthestorywhereTimhadleftoff.继续②Don'tbetaken_inbyhisappearance—heisruthless.不要被他的外表所蒙蔽，其实他冷酷无情。③Internetshoppingwillreallytake_offwhenpeoplemakesurethatitissafe.当人们确信了网购的安全性时，它将真正地成功了。losesightof看不见教材原句However，IlostsightofWangPingwhenwereachedwhatlookedlikealargemarketbecauseoftoomanycarriagesflyingbyinalldirections.P18但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于车辆朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。sightn.视力；视野eintosight进入视野catchsightof看见loseone'ssight失明atfirstsight乍一看atthesightof一看到……outofsight在视野外；看不见insight在视野内；看得见①Theyfinallylost_sight_ofland.他们终于看不见陆地了。②Ifeltveryglad,forIcaught_sight_ofmyoldfriendinthecrowd.我非常高兴，因为在人群中我看见了我的老朋友。③Out_of_sight,_outofmind.眼不见，心不烦。speedup加速教材原句Whenwewantedthehoveringcarriagetospeedup，wepresseddownhardonthedrivingpedalandbentoverinthedirectionwewantedtogo.P20当我们想让气垫车加速时，我们就用力踏驱动踏板，并且向想去的方向俯身。speedn．速度v．快行；疾走slowdown减速ataspeedof...以……的速度athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最高速度pickupspeed加速reducespeed减速①Plentyoffreshairandexercisewillspeed_uphisrecovery.充足的新鲜空气和体育锻炼将加速他的康复。②Lightmovesthrougheachmatterat_a_different_speed.光以不同的速度穿过每一种物质。③Thetrainbegantopick_up_speedwhenitleftthestation.刚出车站火车开始加速。Ⅰ.选词填空sweepup；bebackonone'sfeet；takeup；atfirstsight；inalldirections1．Forexample,playingfootballandwatchingTV________muchofmysparetime.答案：tookup2．Aftersixhours'sleep,he________now.答案：isbackonhisfeet3．Thestrongwind________theleavesinthestreet.答案：sweptup4．Wefellinlovewiththesmartphone________，butmuchtoourregret,itwastoodear.答案：atfirstsight5．Afterdroppingasmallstoneintostillwater,wesawripplesgoingout________.答案：inalldirectionsⅡ.完成句子1．Theyounghandsomeman____________hisgirlfriend'sroom.这个年轻英俊的男士悄悄溜进女朋友的房间。答案：slidinto2．Wemustnot______________ouroriginalaim.我们决不能忘记我们最初的目标。答案：losesightof3．Idon'twantthepianotobesethere,justbecauseit__________.我不想把钢琴放在这里，因为它占了太多的空间。答案：takesuptoomuchroom4．____________________somebadfish,hehadastomachachethenextmorning.因为吃了些变质的鱼，他第二天早晨感到胃痛。答案：Asaresultofeating5．Thenewsystemwill____________theregistrationprocess.这个新系统将加快注册过程。答案：speedupeq\a\vs4\al(Exhausted，Islidintobedandfellfastasleep.P18,我感到累极了，爬到床上很快就睡着了。)exhausted为形容词化的分词在句中作原因状语，相当于asIwasexhausted。形容词(短语)或形容词化的分词在句中除充当原因状语外，还可充当时间、条件、伴随、方式、让步状语等。①Hespentsevendaysinthewindandsnow,cold_and_hungry.他饥寒交迫地在风雪中度过了七天。②Seriously_injured,_someofthepassengersweresenttothenearesthospitalatonce.因严重受伤，其中有些乘客被立刻送到了最近的医院。③Crusoestaredatthefootprint,full_of_fear.克鲁索盯着脚印，心里充满了恐惧。④Damaged_but_not_defeated,_hewasstillaheadofme.即使残疾了，但是未被打败，他仍在我之上。Inside_was_an_exhibitionofthemostup­to­dateinventionsofthe31stcentury.(P22)太空站里展出了31世纪最先进的发明。out,in,into,down,up,away,now,then,here,there等表示方位和时间的副词或表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子的主谓部分用完全倒装。当主语为代词时不倒装。①Then_came_thefinalawardsceremonyattheendoftheyear.然后年底最终的颁奖仪式随之而来。②Inthebackoftheclassroomsits_an_old_man.在教室的后面坐着一位老人。③Down_cametherainandup_went_theumbrellas.下雨了，伞都撑起来了。④Here_aremytipsforyou.这是我给你的提示。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Not________(satisfy)withwhatshesaidheleftangrily.答案：satisfied主语为he，故填描述人心理状况的表语形容词satisfied。2．________(frighten),sheaskedmetogowithher.答案：Frightened形容词作状语，表示主语she所处的状态。3．Salesdirectorisaposition________municationabilityisjustasimportantassalesskills.答案：where设空处引导定语从句，先行词为position，从句中缺少状语，故填where。4．________somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.答案：Whatwhat引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语。句意：一些人认为是缺点的东西却被很多其他人认为是优点。5．________(give)anotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.答案：Givengive的逻辑主语是I，且它们之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词作状语。Ⅱ.完成句子1．Modernscience______________________forustocontactwitheachothermuchmoreeasily.现代科学使我们更便捷地互相联系成为可能。答案：makesitpossible2．Betweenthetwobuildings__________________.两座楼之间有棵大树。答案：standsatalltree3．In________theheadmaster,________byourteachers.校长进来了，后面跟着我们的老师。答案：came;followed过去分词作状语过去分词在句中一般能作时间、原因、条件、让步和方式状语，相当于各类状语从句，一般表示被动的动作，也表示动作已经完成，具体情况如下：1．时间状语①Seenfromthehill,theparklooksevenmorebeautiful.＝When(theparkis)seenfromthehill,theparklooksevenmorebeautiful.从山上看，这个公园更美丽了。2．原因状语②Greatlytouchedbytheteacher'swords,theboydevotedallhistimetostudy.＝Because(theboywas)greatlytouchedbytheteacher'swords,hedevotedallhistimetostudy.这个男孩被老师的话深深感动了，他全身心地投入到学习中。3．条件状语③Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.＝If(wewere)givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.如果给我们更多时间，我们能做得更好。4．让步状语④Leftathome,Johndidn'tfeelafraidatall.＝Although(hewas)leftathome,Johndidn'tfeelafraidatall.尽管约翰被留在家里，他一点也不害怕。5．方式、伴随状语⑤Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,followedbyagroupofstudents.＝Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,and(hewas)followedbyagroupofstudents.这个老师进入教室，后面跟着一群学生。(1)选择现在分词还是过去分词作状语，关键是看主句的主语。如果分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之用过去分词。Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.这本书用了很长一段时间了，看起来很旧。Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.当用这本书的时候，我发现它有用。(2)连词＋分词/分词短语有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚，可在分词前加连词，连词有：when,while,if,after,before,unless,once等，但分词的逻辑主语和主句的主语必须为同一个。Whilewaitingthere,hesawtwostudentsingoutofthebuilding.当他在那等的时候，他看见两个学生从楼里出来。Whenaskedthesecretofhissuccess,heowedittohiswifeandchildren.当被问到他成功的秘诀时，他把这归功于他的妻子和孩子们。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．________(break)downonthehighway,hiscarwascarriedawaybythepolice.答案：Brokenbreakdown与句子主语hiscar之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，在句中作原因状语，故用Broken。2．________(give)therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars.答案：Giventheseteenagesoccerplayers与give之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语。3．Once________(publish),thenovelwillbeverypopular.答案：publishedthenovel与publish之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应填过去分词作状语。4．________(amuse)atthefinalscore,hedecidedtotreathimselftoabigdinner.答案：Amused此处表示“人”喜出望外，故用形容词amused作状语。Ⅱ.单句改错1．Theputercenter,openinglastyear,isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.________________________________________________________答案：opening→opened2．Whenbeingpleted,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.________________________________________________________答案：去掉being3．Sufferedsuchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.________________________________________________________答案：Suffered→Havingsuffered4．Astonishingattheamountofworkinthenewtimetable,shedecidedtoleaveherjobimmediately.________________________________________________________答案：Astonishing→Astonished

Ⅰ.完形填空Peoplehavealwaysbeeninterestedinwhatthefuturewilllooklike.Theanswersarequite__1__andhereyouhavethemforthenext50years.Tobeabletounderstandthefuture,youmustknowthe__2__：whathastakenustowherewearetodayandwhathas__3__alongtheway.Ingeneraltheinventionsforthelast150yearshavebeenahuman__4__forfreedomandmunication,tobeableto__5__timeandtheworld.Sincethereisstillmuchtodointhisarea,thiswillbethe__6__atleastforthenext150years.__7__thefutureisimportantfortworeasons:firstweneedtostarttothinkaboutwhatkindoffuturewewouldlikeforourselvesandto__8__tothenextgeneration,andthenweneedtoknowwhat__9__weneedtomaketodaythatwillgivethebestresultinthefuture.Theflyingcarisanexampleofascenario(设想)thathasbeen__10__forthefutureforalongtime.Itisagreatandexcitingconcept,butisit__11__？Tostartwith,wemustfindoutifthere'sabasic__12__foritandwhataretheprosandcons.Thenwehavetothinkaboutthe__13__wehavetoday—carsgoingontheground,andthetransitiontoanewsystem.Tomakeit__14__inthisexampleweneedtwo__15__systems,witharoadnetworkfortheflyingcarsatthesametimeasthe__16__roadnetwork.Eveniftheflyingcarsare__17__tobesuitableforcitytraffic,theinvestmentswouldbehugeforacityto__18__this,aswellasforhouseholdstogetthatextravehicle.So__19__alltheprosarethere,thepracticalstepsforsuchanewroutearetoohardtoovere,therefore,therewillbenoroadnetwork__20__flyingcarsinthenext50years.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了预测未来的重要性及其原因，并且介绍了有关未来飞行汽车的情况。1．A.negative B.simpleC.foolish D.logical答案：B结合空格后面的“andhereyouhavethemforthenext50years”可知，接下来的50年是什么样子就在这里，说明答案是很简单的。2．A.past B．factC．present D．knowledge答案：A与前面的“understandthefuture”(了解未来)形成对比，再根据空后的“whathastakenusto...theway”可知，这里指要想能够了解未来，你必须认清过去。3．A.disappeared B．obtainedC．changed D．struggled答案：C由空格前面的“whathastakenustowherewearetoday”和空后的“alongtheway”可知，此处表示从过去到现在发生了什么变化。4．A.preference B．responseC．interest D．effort答案：D根据后面的“forfreedomandmunication”和前面的“inventions”可知，这些发明是人类为了争取自由和交流而作出的努力。5．A.control B．pauseC．expand D．save答案：A由空前面的“theinventionsforthelast150yearshavebeenahuman__4__forfreedomandmunication”和后面的“timeandtheworld”可推知，人类的发明是为了掌控时间和世界。6．A.argument B．focusC．result D．effect答案：B根据前面的“Sincethereisstillmuchtodointhisarea”可知，在该领域还有很多的工作要做，这将是接下来至少150年内人们关注的焦点(focus)。7．A.Celebrating B．CreatingC．Designing D．Predicting答案：D结合本文的第一段第一句话“Peoplehavealwaysbeeninterestedinwhatthefuturewilllooklike.”以及空后的“weneedtostarttothinkabout”可知，人们希望了解未来是什么样子的，故此处表示预测未来是重要的。8．A.takeup B．takedownC．passon D．givein答案：C根据空前的“forourselves”和空后的“thenextgeneration”可知，此处表示传递给下一代。passon“传给”符合语境。9．A.mistakes B．decisionsC．differences D．requests答案：B结合后面的“weneedtomake”可知，应选decisions，表示我们需要作什么决定，与空格后面的“thatwillgivethebestresultinthefuture”(将给未来带来最好的结果)相呼应。10．A.pictured B．performedC．scheduled D．achieved答案：A由空前的“Theflyingcarisanexampleofascenario(设想)”和后面的“forthefutureforalongtime”可知，此处是指人们已经想象飞行汽车很长时间了。picture“想象，设想”，符合语境。11．A.easy B．realisticC．interesting D．empty答案：B根据前面的“Itisagreatandexcitingconcept,but...”中的but可知，此处表转折，表示这是一个伟大并且激动人心的想法，但是这现实吗？realistic“现实的，务实的”符合语境。12．A.plan B．theoryC．need D．idea答案：C根据空格前面的“Tostartwithwemustfindout”和后面的“whataretheprosandcons”可知，首先我们必须弄清楚是否有这个必要和有什么利弊。13．A.power B．methodC．function D．system答案：D结合下文的“thetransitiontoanewsystem”可知，此处表示我们必须想想我们今天拥有的系统。14．A.work B．reactC．transport D．fly答案：A根据空格后面的“weneedtwo__15__systems”可知，为了使这个系统发挥作用，我们需要两套类似的系统。15．A.reliable B．similarC．useful D．regular答案：B由空格后的“witharoadnetworkfortheflyingcarsatthesametimeasthe__16__roadnetwork”可知，这是两套类似的系统。16．Aplex B．magicalC．mon D．secret答案：C与前面的“witharoadnetworkfortheflyingcars”形成对比，此处表示这套系统与前面的专门为飞行汽车设计的道路系统相比，是一个普通的道路系统。17．A.produced B．repairedC．driven D．improved答案：D结合空格前面的“Eveniftheflyingcars”和后面的“tobesuitableforcitytraffic”可知，此处表示即使飞行汽车被改进来适应城市的交通。18．A.achieve B．considerC．imagine D．accept答案：A根据前面的“theinvestmentswouldbehugeforacity”可知，对于一个城市来说，实现这会耗资巨大。achieve“实现，(尤指经过努力)取得”符合语境。19．A.nowthat B．eversinceC．incase D．evenif答案：D上文已经提到了“Eveniftheflyingcarsare__17__tobesuitableforcitytraffic”以及空后的“thepracticalsteps...aretoohardtoovere”可知，这里表示“即使”所有的益处都在那儿，故选D。20．A.of B．withC．for D．off答案：C在未来50年内将没有飞行汽车的道路网，因此使用for，表示“给，供”。Ⅱ.阅读理解A[2018·浙江联考]Youknowhowmuchyourtelephonehaschangedoverthepast10years?Yourcarwillchangeevenmorethanthatinthenext10years.Oneofthebiggestchangesisthatcarswilldrivethemselves.Somedayyoumaynotneedtodriveacar.Youwilljusttellthecarwhereyouwanttogoanditwilldriveitself.“Wedefinitelyhavethetechnologyforitnow，”saysAndrewPoliakofautomotivetechnologysupplierQNX.“Weexpectself­drivingcarstobeamainstream(主流)thingbetween2020and2025.”TheAmericanpanyGooglehasbeenworkingonaself­drivingautomobileforyears.ThesecarsarealreadyontheroadsintheUnitedStates,mainlyinCalifornia.Googlecarsaretrulyself­driving.Thesecarshavenosteeringwheelsorpedals.Lastweek,policeorderedoneofGoogle'scarstostopfordrivingtooslowlyonapublicroad.Thecarwasnotagainstanylaw,sonoonewaspunished.Butpolicedidspeakwiththeoperatorsofthevehicle.AccordingtoGoogle,itsself­drivingcarshavebeendrivennearly2millionkilometers.Thatisequaltothedistancetheaveragepersondrivesin90years.Sofar,noGoogleself­drivingcarhasgottenatrafficticket.Someofthemhavebeeninaccidentswhenothercarshitthem.Otherpaniesareworkingonself­drivingcars.Mercedes­Benz.Audi,BMW,VolvoandToyotaallhaveplansforsuchvehicles.ApanyBestMilecalledplanstooperateself­drivingbusesinSwitzerlandnextspring.Thebuseswillholduptoninepeopleandwillbetestedfortwoyears.Mercedes­Benzisdevelopinglargeself­drivingtrucksforlongtrips.Thesetrucksusedriverstocontrolthem.ApanycalledRoyalwillhaveself­drivingtrucksatconstructionsitesinFloridabytheendofthisyear.Nodriversareneededinthesevehicles.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。随着科技的发展，无人驾驶技术更加成熟，越来越多的公司投入无人驾驶汽车的开发，不久的将来，对我们来说，拥有一辆无人驾驶汽车将成为可能。1．WhatAndrewPoliaksaidsuggeststhat________.A．hetookprideintheirtechnologyoneself­drivingcarsB．heiseagertoselltheirtechnologyonsell­drivingcarsC．heisoptimisticaboutthedevelopmentofself­drivingcarsD．hefeelscertainthatmostpeoplecanownself­drivingcars答案：C推理判断题。根据第三段AndrewPoliak所说的话“我们现在已经掌握了这项技术，我们希望在2020年到2025年间自驾车成为主流”可知，他对于自驾车的发展持乐观态度。故选C项。2．WhydidthepoliceorderoneofGoogle'scarstostoplastweek?A．Becauseitsspeedwastoolow.B．Becauseitdisobeyedlocallaws.C．Becausetheoperatorsbehavedbadly.D．Becausethereexistedtechnologyproblems.答案：A细节理解题。根据第五段第一句可知，警察让谷歌的一辆汽车停下来，是因为它的速度太慢。故选A项。3．WhatcausedsomeofGoogle'sself­drivingcarstohaveaccidents?A．Lackofexperience. B．Highspeed.C．Othercars'faults. D．Toomuchconfidence.答案：C细节理解题。根据第六段最后两句可知，是其他车辆的过错导致谷歌的一些自驾车出车祸。故选C项。BWhatwillhumanslooklikein1,000years?Videosuggestswecoulddevelopredeyes,havedarkerskinandbebetter­looking.Climatechange,artificialintelligenceandgeneticmutations(基因突变)areallsettotransformourbodies.Inthefuturetinyrobotswillbesuddenlyputintoourownbodies,improvingourabilities.Meanwhile,designerbabieswillcausefuturegenerationstogrowintoincreasinglyintelligentandattractivepeople.Butwhilethatwillmakeussmarter,strongerandbetter­looking,suchgeneticsimilarity,orlackofhumandiversity,leavesroomforasinglenewdiseaseofthefuturetowipeouttheentirehumanrace.Asglobalwarmingtakeshold,humanswillalsobeskinnierandtaller,asthisbodyshapeisbetterabletodissipateheat.Ourfacesmayalsochangegreatly,accordingtoDrAlanKwan,whoholdsaPhDinputationalgenomicsfromWashingtonUniversityinStLouis.DrKwanhascreatedashockingseriesofimageswhichshowonepossibleevolutionforthehumanraceoverthenext100,000years.Asgeneticengineeringbeesnormal,“thefateofthehumanfacewillbeincreasinglydeterminedbyhumantastes，”writesDrKwan,whileforeheadswillcontinuetoexpandasourbrainscontinuetogrowlarger.Asmanachievestotalcontrolovergenetics,thehumanfacewillbeeheavilybiased(有偏见的)towardsfeaturesthathumansfindfundamentallyappealing:stronglines,straightnoseanddeepeyes.DrKwanbelieveseyeswillgrowverylargeasthehumanracecolonizes(开拓殖民地)thesolarsystemandpeoplestartlivinginthedimmerenvironmentsofcoloniesfurtherawayfromthesun.Besides,our80sor100saregoingtobesodifferentfromourgrandparents.Insteadoflivingfastanddyingyoung,humanswillliveslowanddieold.Someevolutionaryscientistsbelievethisagecouldbeashighas120by2050.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文