2022-2023学年北京海淀区高二下学期学业水平调研英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1北京海淀区2022-2023学年高二下学期学业水平调研英语试卷第一部分：知识运用(共两节，20分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Sleepy-eyed,IarrivedinJordanjustbeforemidnight:Pickinguptherentalcar,theagentmumbled(咕哝)somethingaboutagasstation.Tryingtostay___1___,Ireallydidn’tpayattention.Thenextmorning,Iheadedthedesertcastleexcitedly.Whiledriving,Inoticedthattherewasn’tafuelgauge(指示器)onthedashboard.Thatwas___2___,butIdidn’tthinktwiceaboutit.Ihadjustgottherentalsotherewouldbeplentyoffuel.Afterpassingnumerousgasstations,Iwasfinallyintheopendesert.Complete___3___.Andthat’swhenmycarsuddenlycametoastop.What?Inthemiddleofnowhere,Istaredattheenginewithnoideawhattodo.___4___seizedme.Within10minutes,aJordanian___5___.Hedidn’tspeakEnglishandmyArabicwaslimited.After___6___mycar,hetoldmethroughhandgesturesthatIwasoutofgas.Whoknewthatrentalcarsdidn’tcomewithafulltankofgasthere?!Theman___7___metogetinhiscaranddrovetothenearestgasstationtogetextrapetrol.Wethengotbacktomycartoputthegasin.WhenIpulledoutmywallettopayhim,herefused.Mythanks,asmile,andonephototogetherwereallhewanted.Beforewefully___8___,heevenfollowedmeabittoensurethatIwassafelyonmywayeventhoughitwasnotgettinglate.Today,wheneverIthinkofJordan,thismemory___9___comestomind,andmyheartswellswithgratitude.Itisthestrangerwhosavedmytripandremindedmeoftheimportanceof____10____.1.A.humble B.awake C.silent D.calm2.A.unlucky B.unsafe C.odd D.foolish3.A.isolation B.damage C.chaos D.darkness4.A.Anger B.Curiosity C.Fascination D.Panic5.A.turnedover B.pulledover C.passedover D.tookover6.A.examining B.repairing C.stopping D.moving7.A.required B.encouraged C.prepared D.signaled8.A.talked B.parted C.engaged D.understood9.A.hesitantly B.gradually C.instantly D.randomly10.A.gratefulness B.cautiousness C.kindness D.positiveness〖答案〗1.B2.C3.A4.D5.B6.A7.D8.B9.C10.C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者在约旦租车旅行时遇到的困境。作者没有注意到租车时没有加满油，结果在沙漠中汽车突然熄火。一位陌生人帮助作者去加油，并确保作者安全上路。这个经历让作者深刻体会到陌生人的善意和友善的重要性。【1题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我睡眼惺忪地在午夜前抵达约旦：拿起租来的车，代理人咕哝着什么加油站的事。努力保持清醒，我真的没有注意。A.humble谦卑的；B.awake醒着的；C.silent沉默的；D.calm冷静的。根据后文前文“Sleepy-eyed”以及后文的“Ireallydidn’tpayattention.”可知，坐着睡眼惺忪，努力保持清醒，对于加油的事情没有注意。故选B。【2题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这很奇怪，但我没有多想。我刚租了车，所以会有很多燃料。A.unlucky不幸运的；B.unsafe不安全的；C.odd奇怪的；D.foolish愚蠢的。根据前文“Whiledriving,Inoticedthattherewasn’tafuelgauge(指示器)onthedashboard.”可知，本句中的“that”指代的是此处的事实即开车的时候，作者注意到仪表盘上没有燃油表。这个情况很奇怪。故选C。【3题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：完全与世隔绝。A.isolation隔离，孤立；B.damage损坏；C.chaos混乱；D.darkness黑暗。根据前文“Afterpassingnumerousgasstations,Iwas.finallyintheopendesert.”可知，经过无数的加油站后，作者终于来到了开阔的沙漠即作者完全处于沙漠中，与外界隔离开来。故选A。【4题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在荒无人烟的地方，我盯着引擎，不知道该怎么办。我感到极度恐慌。A.Anger愤怒；B.Curiosity好奇心；C.Fascination着迷；D.Panic恐慌。根据“Andthat’swhenmycarsuddenlycametoastop.”以及“Inthemiddleofnowhere,Istaredattheenginewithnoideawhattodo.”可知，在荒无人烟的沙漠中，作者的车突然停下来，作者不知所措，故作者感到非常恐慌。故选D。【5题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：不到10分钟，一名约旦人停了下来。A.turnedover翻转；B.pulledover靠边停车；C.passedover跳过，忽略；D.tookover接管。根据后文“After______mycar,hetoldmethroughhandgesturesthatIwasoutofgas.”可知，有一名约旦人不到10分钟靠边停车来帮助作者。故选B。【6题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他检查完我的车后，用手势告诉我，我的车没油了。A.examining检查；B.repairing修理；C.stopping停止；D.moving移动。根据后文“hetoldmethroughhandgesturesthatIwasoutofgas”可知，他在检查之后才能告诉作者车没油了。故选A。【7题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那人示意我上他的车，然后开到最近的加油站去加油。A.required要求；B.encouraged鼓励；C.prepared准备；D.signaled示意。根据前文“Hedidn’tspeakEnglishandmyArabicwaslimited.”以及“hetoldmethroughhandgesturesthatIwasoutofgas.”可知，他不会说英语，作者的阿拉伯语也很有限，因此作者和他的交流都是通过手势，由此该约旦人示意作者上他的车。故选D。【8题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们完全分开之前，他甚至跟了我一会儿，以确保我在路上安全，尽管时间还不晚。A.talked谈话；B.parted分离；C.engaged从事；D.understood明白。根据后文“thatIwassafelyonmywayeventhoughitwasnotgettinglate”可知，该约旦人在和作者分离之前，跟了作者一会儿，以确保作者在路上安全。故选B。【9题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：今天，每当我想到约旦，这段记忆就会立即浮现在脑海中，我的心中充满了感激之情。A.hesitantly犹豫地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.instantly立即地；D.randomly随机地。根据第一段中“IarrivedinJordanjustbeforemidnight”可知，作者当时是在约旦旅行，故每当作者想到约旦，这段记忆就会立即浮现在脑海中。故选C。【10题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：是这个陌生人拯救了我的旅程，并提醒了我善良的重要性。A.gratefulness感激；B.cautiousness小心；C.kindness善良；D.positiveness积极。根据前文“thestrangerwhosavedmytrip”可知，作者在约旦旅游的时候，是一个陌生人帮助了作者，由此提醒了作者善良的重要性。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给〖提示〗词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出〖提示〗词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。OnChristmas,westuckupaboarddisplaying“AMerryChristmas”,sodidtheenemy.____11____(climb)outoftrenches,cheerfully,weconsumedbeerintemporarypeace.Wewerefedupwiththiswar.Thenagain,duringBoxingDay,webothneverfiredashot.Theyasked____12____wehadenjoyedthebeer.We____13____(reply)thatitwasgreat.Thenwespentthewholedaychattingwiththemhappily.Thateveningwewerereplacedbyothersoldiers.〖答案〗11.Havingclimbed12.how13.replied【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是，在圣诞节期间，敌人和“我们”都在战壕上贴上了写着“圣诞快乐”的牌子。“我们”爬出战壕，愉快地喝着啤酒，在短暂的和平中度过了这个节日。【11题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们高高兴兴地从战壕里爬出来，在短暂的和平中喝着啤酒。分析句子，句中consumed为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词作时间状语（从战壕里爬出来后喝啤酒），we和climb之间是主动关系，climb这一动作发生先于谓语动词consume发生，即使用现在分词完成式，havingclimbed。同时该空置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Havingclimbed。【12题详析】考查宾语从句。句意：他们问我们啤酒喝得怎么样。分析句子，设空处引导宾语从句作asked的宾语。根据后文的“itwasgreat”可知，此处表示“如何，怎样”用how。故填how。【13题详析】考查动词时态。句意：我们回答说很棒。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，此处表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填replied。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给〖提示〗词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出〖提示〗词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Asschoolworkbecomesmoreimportant,teenagersspendlesstimeplaying.However,beingplayfulwithfriendsandmessingaroundwithartandmusicareopportunitiesforteenstobemature.Foronething,makingmistakesandlearningfrom____14____(they)canhelpteensdeveloptheirtalents,ideas,andpersonalidentities.Also,playing____15____(offer)feelingsoffreedomandthementalhealthbenefitofescapingfromstressforevenafewminutes.Ateveryage,thereisreason____16____(play).〖答案〗14.them15.offers16.toplay【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着学业变得越来越重要，青少年花在玩耍上的时间越来越少。然而，和朋友一起玩耍，和艺术和音乐一起玩耍是青少年成熟的机会。一方面，犯错误并从中吸取教训可以帮助青少年发展他们的才能、想法和个人身份。此外，游戏提供了自由的感觉和心理健康的好处，即使是几分钟逃离压力。在每个年龄段，都有玩耍的理由。【14题详析】考查代词。句意：一方面，犯错误并从中吸取教训可以帮助青少年发展他们的才能、想法和个人身份。作介词的宾语，应用宾格them。故填them。【15题详析】考查时态。句意：此外，游戏提供了自由的感觉和心理健康的好处，即使是几分钟逃离压力。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为playing，谓语用三单形式。故填offers。【16题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在每个年龄段，都有玩耍的理由。thereisareasontodosth.有做某事的理由。故填toplay。C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给〖提示〗词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出〖提示〗词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Moreattentionisbeingpaidtothefoodastronautseat.Alotofthefoodtheyeat____17____(process)becauseit’ssimpletoeatandeasytotransport.Unfortunately,itissometimeslow____18____essentialmicro-nutrients.Therefore,theInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)usedagrowthroomtogrowvegetablestofindoutifitwaspossibletogrownutritiousfoodinspace.____19____(surprise),thedifferencesinnutrientcontentwerenotfoundbetweenISS-grownvegetablesandground-grownones.Itshowsthatitispossibleforastronautstoeatthefood____20____isrichinnutrients.〖答案〗17.isprocessed18.in19.Surprisingly20.which##that【导语】这是一篇说明文。宇航员吃的食物受到了更多的关注。他们吃的很多食物都是加工过的，因为它们吃起来简单，也便于运输。不幸的是，它有时缺乏必需的微量营养素。因此，国际空间站使用了一个种植室来种植蔬菜，以了解是否有可能在太空中种植有营养的食物。令人惊讶的是，在国际空间站种植的蔬菜和地面种植的蔬菜之间没有发现营养成分的差异。这表明宇航员吃营养丰富的食物是可能的。【17题详析】考查时态语态。句意：他们吃的很多食物都是加工过的，因为它们吃起来简单，也便于运输。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据eat可知为一般现在时的被动语态，主语为Alotofthefood，谓语用单数。故填isprocessed。【18题详析】考查介词。句意：不幸的是，它有时缺乏必需的微量营养素。结合句意表示“缺乏”可知短语为belowin。故填in。【19题详析】考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，在国际空间站种植的蔬菜和地面种植的蔬菜之间没有发现营养成分的差异。修饰后文句子应用副词surprisingly，句首单词首字母大写。故填Surprisingly。【20题详析】考查定语从句。句意：这表明宇航员吃营养丰富的食物是可能的。定语从句修饰先行词food，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which/that。第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，共20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该A项涂黑。AOurteenpoetryworkshopsatPoetsHouseareopportunitiesforwritersinhighschooltocreateandexplorepoetryinoneofthelargestpoetrylibrariesinthecountry.Youngpoetsaregivenachancetodigintotheartandcraftofpoetryinafun,creativeandinspiringenvironment.JoinDaveJohnsonWorkshoptowritedailynewpoemsinonly10minutes.Clickthebannerfortwoseriesofvideopoetryworkshopswherepoet,playwrightandeducatorDaveJohnsonchoosesapoeteachday,andtakesusthroughaclosereadingoftheirwork.Hegivesusaninstructionbasedontheirwork,thenashortbiographyandreadsanadditionalpoem.Theseworkshopsarefunandsurprising,forteensthroughadults,free.TheThompsonFoundationInitiativeThehighlightofourteenpoetryworkshopprogramistheThompsonFoundationInitiative,throughwhichnotedpoetsvisithighschoolclassroomsfollowedbyfreefollow-upclassvisitstoPoetsHouse.RecentteachershaveincludedDaveJohnson,JivePoetic,andMahoganyBrowne.Thisinitiativeismeanttoincreaseaccesstopoeticeducationforunderservedschoolsandstudentsbycombininghands-oninstructionfromestablishedpoetswithon-sitevisitstoourextensivelibrary.Studentsengagewithpoetrythroughreading,writing,andartprojectsthatintegratethevisualandlinguistic.Ifyouareateacherinterestedinthisprogram,pleasereachouttoReggieHarristoarrangesessionsforyourclass.Freeclasstripsforallagelevelsarealsoavailableoutsideofthisprogram.IntensiveWorkshopsforTeensAdvanced,individualizedstudyisavailableperiodicallyforstudentswhowanttocontinuewritingpoetry,througheitherourday-longorweek-longintensiveworkshops.·One-dayworkshops:Participationisfree.Allinterestedteensareencouragedtosignup.·Week-longworkshops:Participantsaredeterminedthroughanapplicationprocessandanexternaljudge;allinterestedhighschoolstudentsareencouragedtoapply.Financialaidisavailable.21.Teenscangettoknowonepoetonadailybasisin_______.A.DaveJohnsonWorkshopB.theThompsonFoundationInitiativeC.JivePoeticWorkshopD.IntensiveWorkshopsforTeens22.IntheThompsonFoundationInitiative,studentscan_______.A.contactReggieHarristoattendclasstripsB.visitPoetsHousewithMahoganyBrowneC.workone-on-onewithestablishedpoetsD.learnandenjoypoetryindiverseways23.Whatdotheworkshopsinthepassagehaveincommon?A.Theyarefreeofcharge.B.Theyareforallagegroups.C.Theyofferchancestowritepoems.D.Theyhavefamouspoetsasteachers.〖答案〗21.A22.D23.C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在诗人之家举办的青少年诗歌研讨会为高中作家提供的三个学习研讨诗歌的项目。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Clickthebannerfortwoseriesofvideopoetryworkshopswherepoet,playwrightandeducatorDaveJohnsonchoosesapoeteachday,andtakesusthroughaclosereadingoftheirwork.”（点击横幅，观看两个系列的视频诗歌研讨会，诗人、剧作家和教育家戴夫·约翰逊每天都会选择一位诗人，并带我们仔细阅读他们的作品。）可知，青少年在每日的基础上了解一位诗人是通过戴夫·约翰逊研讨会。故选A项。【22题详析】推理判断题。根据TheThompsonFoundationInitiative标题下“Studentsengagewithpoetrythroughreading,writing,andartprojectsthatintegratethevisualandlinguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）可知，在汤普森基金会倡议活动中学生可以通过不同的方式学习和享受诗歌。故选D项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“JoinDaveJohnsonWorkshoptowritedailynewpoemsinonly10minutes.”（加入戴夫·约翰逊工作坊，只需10分钟即可写出每日新诗。）及TheThompsonFoundationInitiative标题下“Studentsengagewithpoetrythroughreading,writing,andartprojectsthatintegratethevisualandlinguistic.”（学生通过阅读、写作和融合视觉和语言的艺术项目参与诗歌创作。）及IntensiveWorkshopsforTeens标题下“Advanced,individualizedstudyisavailableperiodicallyforstudentswhowanttocontinuewritingpoetry,througheitherourday-longorweek-longintensiveworkshops.”（通过我们为期一天或一周的强化研讨会，希望继续写诗的学生可以定期进行高级个性化学习。）可知，三个研讨会的共同点是它们提供了写诗歌的机会。故选C项。BNoodlescanturnfromwhitetopurpletopinkwiththeaidofredcabbageandlemonjuice;achocolatey“liquid”canberolledlikeasolid.Thesearejustafewoftheedible(可食的)treatsinTheKitchenScienceCookbookthatkidscanmakefromeverydaykitcheningredients.Thebookhasnon-edibleexperiments,too—volcanoesthateruptwithlavamadefrombakingsodaandvinegar—andmostrecipescostlessthanadollar,saysthebook’screator,ananotechnologist(纳米专家)andsciencecommunicator,MichelleDickinson,knownasNanogirl.Dickinsonwasinspiredbyamotherwhotoldhershe’dfailedinscienceatschoolbutwantedtodevelopaloveofscienceinherowndaughter.“Thenthemotherofferedmeacakeshe’dmadeathomeasagift.Itoldher,‘Youdousescience—youbakedthiscake!’andshereplied,‘No,that’sbaking,verydifferentfromscience.’Isaid,‘Well,whathappensifitdoesn’triseenough?Youusemorebakingsodaandthenturntheovenuphigher...’Therewasarealdisconnectionbetweenwhatthemotherwasdoingandtheword‘science’.”SoDickinsonspentthreeyearsusingherkitchenasalab,comingupwith300experiments.Sheputacall-outonlineforrecipetesters,“thinkingI’dgetaboutfiveofmyfriendswithkidsresponding,butin24hourswehad2,000applicantsfrom24countries!”In2012,shewasaskedbyTEDxtogivealectureonnanotechnology,whereshepresentedherselfasNanogirl—aconfident,smart,amazingsuperheroonstage.Inlastyear’ssix-weeknationwidetour,Nanogirlperformedsciencestunts(特技表演)tothousandsofkids,andtrained200teachersinhowtointegratescienceintheclassroom.Dickinsonhasgotthousandsofvideospostedbychildrenwho’veattemptedtheexperimentssheencouragesthemtotryathome.“Thenwehavekidsbuildingallsortsofweirdandwonderfulthings.”NowNanogirlhasgoneglobal,withlocalversionssurfacinginfivecountriesandinfourlanguages.Dickinsonself-publishedTheKitchenScienceCookbookaspartofapay-it-forwardprogram,whereforeverybooksold,abookwillbedonatedtoalibrary,schoolorcommunityorganization.AKickstarterfundhelpedpayfortheprinting.“I’msogratefulpeoplebelievedinus.”24.Dickinsonbecameasciencecommunicatorbecause______.A.hermotherdevelopedaloveofscienceinherB.shegotinspiredbyhercake-bakingexperienceC.shenoticedpeoplewereunawareofscienceinlifeD.herkitchenexperimentswentpopularonsocialmedia25.WhatimpacthasDickinsonmade?A.200teachershavejoinedhertobecomenanogirls.B.Nanogirlsemergefollowinginherstepsworldwide.C.Afewschoolsandlibrarieshavebeenfundedbyher.D.Manykidsareencouragedtodonatebookstoschools.26.Accordingtothepassage,Dickinsonis______.A.passionateandinspiring B.creativeandhumorousC.cooperativeandgenerous D.courageousandgrateful〖答案〗24.C25.B26.A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章介绍了纳米专家和科学传播者狄金森创作了一本名为《厨房科学食谱》的书，将科学与日常生活联系起来以及通过TEDx演讲和全国巡回表演向孩子们展示科学的魅力，激发孩子们对科学产生兴趣。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Dickinsonwasinspiredbyamotherwhotoldhershe’dfailedinscienceatschoolbutwantedtodevelopaloveofscienceinherowndaughter.“Thenthemotherofferedmeacakeshe’dmadeathomeasagift.Itoldher,‘Youdousescience—youbakedthiscake!’andshereplied,‘No,that’sbaking.verydifferentfromscience.’Isaid,‘Well,whathappensifitdoesn’triseenough?Youusemorebakingsodaandthenturntheovenuphigher...’Therewasarealdisconnectionbetweenwhatthemotherwasdoingandtheword‘science’.”(狄金森的灵感来自一位母亲，她告诉她，她在学校理科不及格，但她想培养自己女儿对科学的热爱。然后，母亲把她在家里做的蛋糕送给我作为礼物。我告诉她:“你确实用了科学——你烤了这个蛋糕!”’她回答说:‘不，那是烘焙。和科学很不一样。’我说，‘好吧，如果涨得不够会怎么样?你用更多的小苏打，然后把烤箱调高…“这位母亲所做的事情和‘科学’这个词之间确实存在脱节。”)”以及第三段中“SoDickinsonspentthreeyearsusingherkitchenasalab,comingupwith300experiments.(因此，狄金森花了三年时间把她的厨房当作实验室，做了300个实验。)”可知，狄金森以生活中一名母亲并没有意识到烘焙与科学是密切相关为例，证明在很多人中存在生活和科学脱节的现象。由此激发她花三年的时间，把厨房当做实验室，做了300个实验，来将生活和实验联系起来，成为一名科学传播者。故狄金森之所以成为一名科学传播者，是因为她注意到人们在生活中不了解科学。故选C。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“NowNanogirlhasgoneglobal,withlocalversionssurfacinginfivecountriesandinfourlanguages.(现在，纳米女孩们已经走向全球，在五个国家以四种语言发行了当地版本。)”可知，纳米女孩跟随狄金森的脚步出现在世界各地。故选B。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“SoDickinsonspentthreeyearsusingherkitchenasalab,comingupwith300experiments.

(因此，狄金森花了三年时间把她的厨房当作实验室，做了300个实验。)”可知，狄金森对与自己所从事的事情是充满着热情的；同时根据倒数第二段中“NowNanogirlhasgoneglobal,withlocalversionssurfacinginfivecountriesandinfourlanguages.(现在，纳米女孩们已经走向全球，在五个国家以四种语言发行了当地版本。)”可知，狄金森是激励人心的，因为在她的影响下，纳米女孩们已经走向全球。故选A。CHardlyadaygoesbywithoutsomenewclaimpromisingtobringusclosertothemetaverse(元宇宙)inthenot-too-distantfuture.Onhearingthis,somewillfeelpureexcitement,butotherswillfeelunsureordownrightopposed.Ourhabitinrecenthistoryhasbeenlookingdownuponthosewithdoubtsontechnologicalprogress.Itmaybetimetore-examinethat.Therehasbeenabacklashtotechnologysincehistoricalmemoriesbegan.Everynewformofcommunicationhasattractedcriticismforincreasingthepaceoflife.Forexample,peopleoncefearedthatcarstravellingat20to30milesperhourmightrobtheirpassengersofoxygen.Whenwelookback,contemporaryresistancetotechnologicaladvancementcanlookcompletelyfoolish,butoftenitisn’t.TheLuddites,forexample,thedestroyerofmill(作坊)machineryintheearlyindustrialrevolution,aregenerallyreferredtoasahistoricaljoke.Butifwelookattheirrealcomplaints,itwasn’tsomenaiveanti-progressmovement;itwasabouteconomics.Cottonmillsreplacedskilled,home-based,independentworkwithlower-skilledworkinafactory,accompaniedbymuchlessautonomyandmuchlesspay.Themillmighthavebeenmoreefficientandthusmoreprofitable,butitwouldtakedecadesofcampaigningtodistributethosegainsevenapproximatelyfairly—withthebirthofthetradeunionmovement,thewelfarestateandmore.So,wastheirresistancereallysounreasonable?Whilemetaverseadvocateswouldliketopaintskepticsassimplyrootedinthepast,atleastsomedoubtsarewellfounded.Thereasonstobecautiousofthenextwaveoftechnologyarevaried.Oneissimplywhetherthetechnologiesinquestionarewheretheyareclaimedtobe.Ifthecompanyhasahabitofoverpromising,fewintheknowwilltakeitsclaimsofinventionsseriously.Othermorestrikingmetaversetechnologiesrelyonvirtualreality,whichstilllargelyconsistsofheavyheadsetsandoddarmcontrols—alljusttobeabletooperateanavatarthroughanawkwardonlineworld.VRhasbeen“thenextbigthing”fordecadesandthepublichasconsistentlyfeltotherwise:thereisn’tmuchtodoonceyouarethere,thetechnologygivesmanypeoplemotionsicknessand,perhapsmostproblematicallyofall,thewholethingjustseemsextremelysilly.Anotherpopularinnovation,healthtracking,hasn’tcaughtthewiderpublicbystormbecausemanyconsumersworryaboutwhatwillhappentotheirdata.Thereismuchtoanticipateaswebringonlineandofflineworldstogether.Butweshouldlearnnottodismissconcernsorcautionaboutthis,either.Therearemanyrationalreasonsforpeopletotakepartinthetechlash.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“backlash”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Exposure. B.Commitment.C.Opposition. D.Transformation.28.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLudditesmovement?A.Itcontributedtothesuccessoftheindustrialrevolution.B.Itmadelower-skilledworkersreplacedbymills.C.Itledtothebirthofthetradeunionmovement.D.Itwaslaunchedlargelyforeconomicreasons.29.Peoplearehesitantaboutthenextwaveoftechnologypartlybecausethey_________.A.arenotinterestedinvirtualrealityB.thinksomecompaniesmakeoverstatementsC.worryabouttheinaccuracyoftheirdatacollectedD.areembarrassedaboutwearingtheawkwardheadsets30.Asfortechnologicalinnovation,theauthorwouldagree_________.A.enthusiastsarebeingunreasonableB.thepublicshouldstaycool-headedC.mostofthecriticismisgroundlessD.peopleshouldwelcomenewtechnology〖答案〗27.C28.D29.B30.B【导语】本文是一篇议论文。这篇文章讨论了对元宇宙的技术进步持怀疑态度的人们。作者指出，历史上每一种新的通信形式都会引起批评，人们担心技术进步会加快生活节奏。然而，作者也提到了一些对技术进步持怀疑态度的合理原因，比如技术是否真的达到了宣称的水平，虚拟现实技术的局限性以及人们对个人数据安全的担忧。作者呼吁我们不要轻视对技术进步的担忧，而是应该认真对待这些问题。【27题详析】词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Ourhabitinrecenthistoryhasbeenlookingdownuponthosewithdoubtsontechnologicalprogress.Itmaybetimetore-examinethat.(在近代史上，我们的习惯是看不起那些对技术进步持怀疑态度的人。也许是时候重新审视这一点了。)”可知，在历史中，我们习惯于对技术进步持有怀疑的态度；同时根据划线词后面的内容“Everynewformofcommunicationhasattractedcriticismforincreasingthepaceoflife.(每一种新的通讯方式都因加快了生活节奏而招致批评。)”可知，此处强调的是在历史中每次通讯方式即技术的进步都会招致批评。因此划线词的句子应该承接前后的观点，即表示“在人类的历史中，总是会对科技的进步有着反对的声音”，故划线词backlash与C选项“Opposition”为同义词，意为“反对”。故选C。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Butifwelookattheirrealcomplaints,itwasn’tsomenaiveanti-progressmovement;itwasabouteconomics.

(但如果我们看看他们真正的抱怨，就会发现这不是什么天真的反进步运动；这是关于经济的。)”可知，卢德运动的发起主要是出于经济原因。故选D。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thereasonstobecautiousofthenextwaveoftechnologyarevaried.Oneissimplywhetherthetechnologiesinquestionarewheretheyareclaimedtobe.Ifthecompanyhasahabitofoverpromising,fewintheknowwilltakeitsclaimsofinventionsseriously.(一个简单的问题是，所讨论的技术是否如他们当初所承诺的那样。如果这家公司有过度承诺的习惯，那么很少有知情人士会把它的发明主张当真。)”可知，人们对下一波技术浪潮犹豫不决，部分原因是他们认为一些公司言过其实。故选B。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Thereismuchtoanticipateaswebringonlineandofflineworldstogether.Butweshouldlearnnottodismissconcernsorcautionaboutthis,either.Therearemanyrationalreasonsforpeopletotakepartinthetechlash.(当我们将线上世界和线下世界结合在一起时，有很多事情值得期待。但我们也应该学会不要忽视对这个问题的担忧或警告。人们参加科技革命有很多合理的理由。)”可知，作者认为科技进步有很多事情值得我们期待，但是也不能忽视科技进步带来的担忧或者警告，由此作者对科技创新的态度是公众应该保持清醒的头脑，即保持公众应该保持冷静。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。DigitalMedicineCouldthenextsuggestionfromyourdoctorbedownloadinganapp?Collectivelyknownasdigitalmedicine,alargenumberofappsinuseorunderdevelopmentcannowdetectormonitormentalandphysicaldisordersordirectlyadministertherapies.___31___Manydetectionaidsrelyonmobiledevicestorecordsuchfeaturesasusers’voices,locations,facialexpressions,exerciseandsleep;thentheyapplyartificialintelligencetomarkthepossiblechangeofacondition.Somesmartwatches,forinstance,containasensorthatautomaticallydetectsandwarnspeopleofadangerousheartrate.___32___Thesewearabledetectionaidswillnotreplaceadoctoranytimesoonbutcanbehelpfulpartnersinstressingconcernsthatneedfollow-up.___33___SomearebeingdevelopedtodetectthingssuchascancerousDNA,stomachbleeds,bodytemperatureandoxygenlevels.Thesensorsinsideyourbodycanthensendthedatatoappsforrecording.___34___Forthemostpart,thoseintendedtodiagnoseortreatdisordersmustbeprovedsafeandeffectiveinclinicaltrialsandearnregulatoryapproval;somemayneedadoctor’spermission.Clearly,societymustmoveintothefutureofdigitalmedicinewithcare—ensuringthattheappsgothroughstricttesting,protectprivacyandgosmoothlyintodoctors’work.Withsuchprotectionsinplace,healthcarecostscouldbesavedbymarkingunhealthybehavioursandhelpingpeopletomakechangesbeforediseasessetin.___35___Forresearchers,thepatternsthatemergewillprovidethemwithnovelideasforhowbesttobuildhealthierhabitsandpreventdiseases.A.Fordoctors,applyingAItothedatafromtheseappscouldhelpthempersonalizepatientcare.B.Thesedataalsohelpdoctorsdetectdiseasesandhelppatientschangetheirbehaviors.C.Othersimilartoolscandetectbreathingdisorders,depressionandotherconditions.D.Theycanbothhelpdiagnosesymptomsandenhancetraditionalmedicalcare.E.Detectionaidscanalsotaketheformofeatableandsensor-bearingpills.F.Digitalmedicinehasbeenwidelyusedinallaspectsoflifenowadays.G.Notallhealthcareappscanbeusedasdigitalmedicine.〖答案〗31.D32.C33.E34.G35.A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了数字医疗的概念、具体的检测辅助设备的功能、发展中面临的限制以及未来可能带来的好处。【31题详析】前文“Collectivelyknownasdigitalmedicine,alargenumberofappsinuseorunderdevelopmentcannowdetectormonitormentalandphysicaldisordersordirectlyadministertherapies.(现在，大量正在使用或正在开发的应用程序被统称为数字医疗，它们可以检测或监测心理和身体疾病，或直接实施治疗)”介绍数字医疗具备的功能，D项“Theycanbothhelpdiagnosesymptomsandenhancetraditionalmedicalcare.(它们既可以帮助诊断症状，又可以加强传统的医疗保健)”符合语境，继续介绍数字医疗的功能，承接前文，其中的They指代前文的alargenumberofapps。故选D。【32题详析】前文“Somesmartwatches,forinstance,containasensorthatautomaticallydetectsandwarnspeopleofadangerousheartrate.(例如，一些智能手表包含一个传感器，可以自动检测并警告人们危险的心率)”列举智能手表中的检测辅助功能，后文“Thesewearabledetectionaidswillnotreplaceadoctoranytimesoonbutcanbehelpfulpartnersinstressingconcernsthatneedfollow-up.(这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，C项“Othersimilartoolscandetectbreathingdisorders,depressionandotherconditions.(其他类似的工具可以检测呼吸障碍、抑郁症和其他疾病)”符合语境，说明其他的检测辅助功能，承接前文，引出后文的评估，后文的Thesewearabledetectionaids涵盖前文的Somesmartwatches和选项中的Othersimilartools。故选C。【33题详析】前文“Thesewearabledetectionaidswillnotreplaceadoctoranytimesoonbutcanbehelpfulpartnersinstressingconcernsthatneedfollow-up.(这些可穿戴检测辅助设备不会在短期内取代医生，但可以成为强调需要随访的问题的有益伙伴)”对可穿戴检测辅助设备的作用进行评估，后文“SomearebeingdevelopedtodetectthingssuchascancerousDNA,stomachbleeds,bodytemperatureandoxygenlevels.Thesensorsinsideyourbodycanthensendthedatatoappsforrecording.(其中一些正在被开发用于检测癌症DNA、胃出血、体温和氧气水平等。然后，你体内的传感器可以将数据发送到应用程序进行记录。)”介绍新的介入体内的检测辅助设备，E项“Detectionaidscanalsotaketheformofeatableandsensor-bearingpills.(检测辅助设备还可以采用可食用和带有传感器的药丸的形式)”符合语境，说明检测辅助设备的新形式，从前文的可穿戴的形式过渡到后文的介入体内的新形式，其中的eatableandsensor-bearing和后文的Thesensorsinsideyourbody呼应。故选E。【34题详析】空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“Forthemostpart,thoseintendedtodiagnoseortreatdisordersmustbeprovedsafeandeffectiveinclinicaltrialsandearnregulatoryapproval;somemayneedadoctor’spermission.(在大多数情况下，那些用于诊断或治疗疾病的药物必须在临床试验中被证明是安全有效的，并获得监管部门的批准；有些可能需要医生的许可)”指出数字医疗发展中的严格限制和流程，G项“Notallhealthcareappscanbeusedasdigitalmedicine.(并非所有的医疗保健应用程序都可以用作数字医疗)”符合语境，说明数字医疗有其限制，可引出后文。故选G。【35题详析】前文“Withsuchprotectionsinplace,healthcarecostscouldbesavedbymarkingunhealthybehavioursandhelpingpeopletomakechangesbeforediseasessetin.(有了这些保护措施，就可以通过标记不健康行为并帮助人们在疾病发生之前做出改变来节省医疗费用)”说明使用数字医疗对于普通人的好处，后文“Forresearchers,thepatternsthatemergewillprovidethemwithnovelideasforhowbesttobuildhealthierhabitsandpreventdiseases.(对于研究人员来说，出现的模式将为他们提供如何最好地建立更健康的习惯和预防疾病的新想法)”说明使用数字医疗对于研究者的好处，A项“Fordoctors,applyingAItothedatafromtheseappscouldhelpthempersonalizepatientcare.(对于医生来说，将人工智能应用于这些应用程序的数据可以帮助他们个性化患者护理)”符合语境，说明使用数字医疗对于医生的好处，和前后文内容呼应。故选A。第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第54、55题各2分，第56题3分，第：57题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Itisnosecretthatliteraryworks,likemanyotherpiecesofart,arecapableofmakinganemotionali