初二英语U4知识点总结

8BUnit4(2014.4.5)一．知识点梳理1：whattodowith中的what可以换成how吗？网Z。X。X。K]Idon'tknowwhattodowithmyoldbike.＝Idon'tknowhowtodealwithmyoldbike.我不知道如何处理我的旧自行车。同义句转换②Hedoesn'tknowwhattodowiththeoldTV.Hedoesn'tknow_____________________withtheoldTV.2：notyet意为“_______”。notyet意为“还没有”，相当于“No，Ihaven't.”。notyet意为“还没有”；no，never意为“从来没有”。试比较：-Haveyouhadyoursupper?你吃晚饭了吗？-Notyet.还没有。-HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?你去过长城吗？-No，never.不，从来没有。()③-Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?-_______.A.No,never. B.No,Ihave.C.Notyet. D.Not,Ihave.3.Givethemtomethen.那么把它们给我。探究点：givethemtome可以写成givemethem吗？“把某物给某人”可以用givesb.sth.或givesth.tosb.，但当两个宾语都是人称代词时只能用givesth.tosb.的形式。同样用法的还有show，pass等。Pleasegiveittome.请把它给我。请把它递给李明。Pleasepass______________LiMing.4Ohyes.Ihavetousethemtoreachtheboxonthefridge.哦，对了。我必须用它们够到冰箱上的盒子。探究点：reach作动词时意为“”。reach用作动词时意为“到达，伸出；触及，够到”。TheyreachedLondononFriday.他们星期五到达伦敦。Ican'treachthecuponthetable.我够不到桌上的茶杯。你能够到床上的书吗？_______you_______thebookonthebed?5.Wow，that'samazing!哇，那太棒了！探究点：表示“感到惊讶的”用单词。(1)amazing令人惊讶的，指物，为动词amaze的现在分词。amazingnews令人感到惊讶的消息(2)amazed感到惊讶的，指人，为动词amaze的过去式和过去分词。Heisamazedattheamazingnews.他对这个惊人的消息感到惊讶。beamazedat/by（对……）大为惊讶的IwasamazedatherknowledgeofEnglishliterature.她对英国文学之了解让我很惊奇。[小试身手]单项选择()Wewereall_______atthe_______result.A.amazing;amazing B.amazing;amazedC.amazed;amazed D.amazed;amazing二Grammer1．Milliehasdecidedwhattoread．米莉已经决定读什么了。探究点：“疑问词＋不定式”的结构可用作_______、_______和_______。“疑问词＋不定式”结构的用法：(1)该结构的句法功能：“wh-词＋不定式”主要用作宾语。Wemustthinkwhattodo．我们必须考虑怎么办。Ican'tdecidewhomtoinvite.我不能决定该邀请谁。除用作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语等。Whentoleavehasnotbeendecided.何时离开还没有决定。Thequestionishowtofindhim.问题是如何找到他。(2)why用于该结构的注意点：原则上说，why后不接不定式，不过若不定式不带to，则可用why。Whynotgothereatonce?为什么不马上去那儿呢？Whyarguewithher?为什么要跟她争论呢？[注意]这类结构通常只用于谈论现在和将来，不用于谈论过去。你昨天为什么不打扫房间？误：Whynotcleantheroomyesterday?正：Whydidn'tyoucleantheroomyesterday?(3)how用于该结构的注意点：有些动词后接“how＋不定式”作宾语时，how可以省略：Didyoulearn(how)todriveacar?你学过开车吗？但是，有些动词后面接“疑问词how＋不定式”作宾语时，尽管其中的how在汉语中无需译出，但不能将how省略。Heknowshowtoplaythepiano.他会弹钢琴。Heshowedherhowtoswim.他教她游泳。(4)“疑问词十不定式”结构可以和复合句转换。Heaskedwherehewouldgoshoppingaftersupper.＝Heaskedwheretogoshoppingaftersupper.他问他晚饭后会去哪儿购物。同义句转换Theteacheraskedushowwecouldhelphim.Theteacheraskedus_____________________him.3．Wedonothavetogotoschoolatweekends.在周末我们不必上学。探究点：表示客观需要的“必须”用_______.[指点迷津]表示客观需要的“必须”用haveto。haveto和must的区别如下：(1)两词都是“必须”的意思，haveto表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要。Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事）Hesaidthattheymustworkhard.他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）(2)haveto有人称、数和时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.昨天他不得不照顾他的妹妹。(3)在否定结构中don'thaveto表示“不必”，mustn't表示“禁止”。Youdon'thavetotellhimaboutit．你不一定要把此事告诉他。Youmustn'ttellhimaboutit．你一定不要把这件事告诉他。()You_______smokeinpublic.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.wouldn'tD.maynot二．Unit4重点词组1.crashagainsttherocks2.bythetime3.betiredout4.falldownonthebeach5.wakeup6.betiredto7.moveupovermystomach8.lookdown9.thesamesizeas10.tinyperson11.shoutat12.theloudnoise13.fallover14.continuemoving15.begintalkingtosb16.managetodosth17.ahugearmyof18.ranaway19.getaway20.asfarasIcould三．拓展训练易错词组搭配1.fallfallin集合；排队fallinlove坠入爱河；爱上某人

fallinto落入；分成

falldown跌倒；失败；倒塌

fallback退却，后退；[计]回落

fallill生病

fallfor迷恋；信以为真，上当

2.looklookafter照顾，照料

lookat看着lookback回头看;回顾

lookdownupon(on)看不起,轻视

lookforwardto盼望，期待lookon旁观，观望

lookoutfor当心，小心，留神

lookup查寻，查阅;抬头看训练：1.Whenyoucrosstheroad,youshouldtheredlight.2.I

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习题：一．选词填空ahugearmyofbetiredoutbetiedtocontinuefallingfallovermanagetostartdoingthesamesizeas(1)Myroomyours.(2)Therainallafternoon.(3)Theboyachairbytherobbers.(4）Shepassadifficultexamlastyear.(5)Whendidthedoctortheoperation?(6)soldiersmarchedacrossthebridge.(7)Theypushedeachotherandthentheyboth.(8)Sheafterrunningsuchalongway.Tips:做此类题时，先确定所要填写的部分在句中是哪一部分，然后根据词性运用排除法。二．A．根据中文提示写出单词。1．Theyare_______（复习）fortheexam.2.Whendidyou_______（归还）thebookstothelibrary?3.Ifyouwanttokeepthebookforalongtime,youcan_______（续借）．4.Theteachertoldusto_______（交）inourhomework.5.Therearesomany_______（有趣的）booksontheshelf.B．单项选择。()1.Hedidn'tknowwhere_______hisbrother.A.find B.tofind C.tofinding D.finding()2.Thechildrendecide_______theirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.A.clean B.toclean C.cleaning D.cleaned()3.(2013-雅安)Studentsshouldlearnhow_______problems.A.solve B.solving C.cansolve D.tosolve()4