广东省梅州市部分学校2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省梅州市部分学校2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATurkiye,anattractivecountrybridgingEuropeandAsia,isatreasuretrove（宝库）ofculturalrichness,amazinglandscapes,andwarmhospitality.GumbetGumbet,neartheenergeticandnoisycityofBodrum,isacoastaldestinationknownforitslivelyatmosphere.Duringtheday,soakupthesunonGumbetBeach,knownforitsgoldensands.Asthesunsets,Gümbetcomesalivewithitslotsofbars,clubs,andbeachparties.Don'tmissthechancetoexploretheancientMausoleumatHallanssus,oneoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld.BelekForgolfenthusiasts,Belekisadreamdestinationwithitsworld-classgolfcoursesandluxuriousresorts.Withawonderfulcoastlineandabundantgreenery,Belekoffersmorethanjustgolf.TheancientcityofPergeandtheAspendosamphitheatrearemust-visithistoricalsites.EnjoyaleisurelydayatthebeachorexploretheuniqueLandofLegendsThemeParkforafun-filledfamilyexperience.MarmarisMarmarisisapicturesqueresorttownknownforitslivelynightlife,crystal-clearwaters,andhistoriccharm.BeginyourjourneywithavisittoMarmarisCastle,offeringfullviewsofthecityandtheharbour.AdventureseekerscanbeabsorbedinwatersportsatMarmarisBayorsetoffforaboattriptoexplorenearbycavesandcoves.FethiyeFethiyeisperfectfornaturelovers.VisitthestunningOlüdenizBeach,knownforitsblue-greensaltlakeandparaglidingopportunities.ExploretheLycianRockTombs,carvedintothecliffsoverlookingthetown.TakeaboattriptotheTwelveIslandsorhiketheLycianWayforbreathtakingviews.Fethiye'slivelymarina（码头）andfairaddatouchoflocalflavourtoyourexperience.TraveltoTurkiyeforlesswithTUI(TuristikUnionInternational)Ifyou'refondofaTurkiyeholiday,thenperhapstravellingwithTUIthissummercanattractyouevenmore!ClickheretofindoutmoreandbookyourTUItraveldealstoday.21.WhatcanvisitorsdoatGumbet?A.Exploreanancientwonder. B.TakeaboattriptoBodrum.C.Enjoyfun-filledfamilyactivities. D.SeekadventureonGumbetBeach.22.Whichdestinationwillappealtogolfloversmost?A.Gumbet. B.Belek. C.Marmaris. D.Fethiye.23.WhatdoMarmarisandFethiyehaveincommon?A.Theybothofferparaglidingopportunities. B.Theybothhaverichnightlife.C.Theybothneedtobebookedinadvance. D.Theyarebothnearthesea.BRollandandAdelineareproudparentstoninebeautifulchildren.Theiryoungesttwo,daughterLanto,andson,Rindra,werebothbornwithcleftlip（唇裂）conditions.InMadagascar,manyfamilieshaveneverseenacleftlipbefore,soit'saconditionoftengreetedwithfearandmisfortuneinsomeruralcommunities.However,thenewsofLantoandRindra'scleftlipwasn'tmuchofashockforRollandandAdelinebecauseRolland'scousin—amaninhisfifties—hadlivedhisentireadultlifewithanuntreatedcleftlip.Althoughseeingarelativewithacleftlipmeantthefamilyweren'tfearfulofthecondition,theyknewthenegativeimpactanuntreatedcleftlipcanhaveonaperson'shealthandlife.Asanylovingparentswould,RollandandAdelinewantedabetterfuturefortheirchildren.RollandheardanadvertisementontheradioaboutanOperationSmilesurgicalprogrammeinAntsirabe,Madagascar.FindingoutthatRindraandLantocouldhavethecleftlipsurgerytheyneeded,forfree,wasadreamforthefamily.UnlikehereintheUK,healthservicesaren'tfreeinmanypartsoftheworld,andthecostsoftreatment—oreventravellingtoreachmedicalfacilities—areoutofreachformostfamilies.WhenRollandandhischildrenarrivedatthepatientvillage,theyweresurprisedtoseesomanyotherfamiliesinthesameposition.Afterathoroughmedicalevaluationbymedicalvolunteers,Lantowasfoundtobefitenoughforsurgery,andlatergotthenewsmileherparentshaddreamedofforher.But,foryoungerbrotherRindra,thejourneytoanewsmilewouldtakealittlelonger.OperationSmilehasprovidedhundredsofthousandsofsafesurgeriesforchildrenwithcleftlipconditionsworldwide.Formoreinformationaboutourworkortofindouthowyoucanhelp,.24.WhatdomostpeoplethinkofcleftlipinMadagascar?A.Itisincurable. B.Itisnormal.C.Itisunlucky. D.Itisunavoidable.25.Whatkeptthecouplefrombeingscaredoftheirchildren'ssituation?A.Theirchildren'ssmile. B.Theirrelative'sexperience.C.Theirlovefortheirparents. D.Theadvertisementtheysaw.26.Whatshouldbedonebeforedecidingonasurgery?A.Payingforsurgery. B.Stayinginhospital.C.Seekingforadoctor. D.Havingahealthcheck.27.Whatisthepurposeoftheinformationinthelastparagraph?A.Fordonations. B.Forcopyright.C.Forcomment. D.Forclarification.CWithabrainthesizeofapinhead,insectsperformfantasticnavigational（导航的）abilities.Theyavoidobstaclesandmovethroughsmallopenings.Howdotheydothis,withtheirlimitedbrainpower?Understandingtheinnerworkingsofaninsect'sbraincanhelpusinoursearchtowardsenergy-efficientcomputing,physicistElisabettaChiccaoftheUniversityofGroningendemonstrateswithhermostrecentresult:Arobotthatactslikeaninsect.Insearchoftheneural（神经的）mechanismthatdrivesinsectbehaviour,PhDstudentThorbenSchoepedevelopedamodelofitsneuronalactivityandasmallrobotthatusesthismodeltonavigate.Schoepe'smodelisbasedononemainprinciple:alwayssteertowardstheareawiththeleastapparentmotion.Hehadhisrobotdrivethroughalong"corridor"—consistingoftwowallswitharandomprintonit—andtherobotcentredinthemiddleofthecorridor,asinsectstendtodo.Inothervirtualenvironments,suchasaspacewithobstaclesorsmallopenings,Schoepe'smodelalsoshowedsimilarbehaviourtoinsects."Themodelissogood,"Chiccaconcludes,"thatonceyousetitup,itwillperforminallkindsofenvironments.That'sthebeautyofthisresult."Thefactthatarobotcannavigateinarealisticenvironmentisnotnew.Rather,themodelgivesinsightintohowinsectsdothejob,andhowtheymanagetodothingssoefficiently.Chiccaexplains,"Muchofroboticsisnotconcernedwithefficiency.Wehumanstendtolearnnewtasksaswegrowupandwithinrobotics.Thisisreflectedinthecurrenttrendofmachinelearning.Butinsectsareabletoflyimmediatelyfrombirth.Anefficientwayofdoingthatishardwiredintheirbrains.Inasimilarway,youcouldmakecomputersmoreefficient."28.WhydoesChiccawanttostudyhowtheinsectbrainworks?A.Tomakecomputersmoreefficient.B.Tomakeuseofinsects’brainpower.C.Tounderstandthehabitofinsects.D.Torevealtheinnerpartofinsects’brain.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“steer”inparagraph2mean?A.Stretch. B.Stare. C.Drive. D.Work.30.HowdidChiccafeelattheperformanceofherrobot?A.Regretful. B.Shocked. C.Confused. D.Satisfied.31.Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Howtomakearobotthatactslikeaninsect.B.Whyinsectsnavigatemoreefficientlythanrobots.C.Whyarobotcannavigateinarealisticenvironment.D.Howhumanstendtolearnnewtasksastheygrowup.DWecannotarguewithreality.Wecannotarguewithscience.Therefore,wesimplycannotarguewiththefactthattherearenostraightlinesintheuniverse.Let'sstartwithscience.Thescienceofastraightlinefallsunderthesubjectofphysics.Itmightseemlikeacomplicatedtopic,butthetheorybehinditisprettysimple.Ifyoustartrowinginaboatfromoneplaceandkeepsailing,theconceptofthecurved（弯曲的）Earthwilltakeyouinacircleandyouwillendupwhereyoustarted.Thebrainformstheconceptofastraightlinetosimplifywhatyouseeinnature.Consideritatoolforthemindtorecognizereality.TheconceptofstraightlineswascontroversialandheavilyinfluencedthepoliticsandsocietyofEuropefromthe15thcenturytothe17thcentury.GreekthinkersandscholarslikeAristotleinthe5thcenturyalreadyprovedthattheEarthwasaglobe,butmanyEuropeansatthattimedidnotbelieveinthisidea!However,someEuropeansduringtheAgeofExplorationdeniedthisbelief.JustasthefamousItalianscientistGalileoGalileiwaspersecuted（迫害）foradvocatingaheliocentric（日心的）modelofthesolarsystem,manythinkerslikeGiordanoBrunowereshamedforbelievingthattheEarthwasround.Well,myfriends,let'smoveontolife.Theconceptofnothinggoinginastraightlinecanbeassociatedwithlifeasmuchasitrelatestoscienceandarchitecture.Wheneveryoudosomething,itneverturnsouttoplayoutexactlyasplanned.Iespeciallyknowthatasathirteen-year-old!Lifeisaroughroad—everytimeyougoforward,itisfollowedbytwostepsbackortotheside.Justlikehowscienceexplainsit,lifeisacurvypathfullofunexpectedtwists,turns,andadventuresthatnobodycaneverpredict.32.Whatdoesparagraph1functionas?A.Anintroductiontothetopic.B.Ameanstoattractreaders.C.Anexplanationofacommonsense.D.Aproofoftheauthor'sopinion.33.Whatwouldhappenwithouttheconceptofstraightline?A.Themindcouldnotrecognizerealities.B.Thingsinnaturemightlookcomplicated.C.Whatyouseeinnaturecouldseemsimple.D.Peopleinthe16thcenturymightfindtheEarthflat.34.WhichcanbestdescribetheroadofprovingtheEarthround?A.Plainandsmooth. B.Easybutfruitless.C.Longandtough. D.Bothersomebutsafe.35.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.AStraightLine:EverythingSimple B.AStraightLine:People'sGoodWishC.AStraightLine:DifficultToProve D.AStraightLine:SimplyNonexistent第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Familiesdifferfromeachother.Somearetraditionalandseemtobeperfect;somearedysfunctional,buttendtostillbestrong;somearesocalm,butcontrolledandsomeseemtoberichandhaveeverything,butlacklove.36I’vecomeupwithsomequalitiesthatwouldmakeagreatfamily.Givecreditandappreciate.Oneofmybestmemoriesasachildiswhenmyreportcardcameoutwithgoodgrades.Ithenshowedittomyparentsandtheywouldgivemetreats,newtoysorevenmoney.37Appreciationforsmallandlargethingsalikeisimportanttoboostone'sself-esteemandexpresstheloveyouhaveforeachother.Talktoeachother.38Theytendtochoosefamilymembers(andnotfriendsorneighbors)astheirfirstresorttoexpresstheiremotions,talkabouttheirfearsordesiresandhelpsolvetheirproblems.Theirmealtimesarealwaysfullofpositiveconversationandexchangeofideas.Andmoreimportantly,theylayoutspecificgroundrules,knowtheirlimitationsandknowalotaboutthemembersoftheirfamily.39Nomatterhowperfectyouthinkyourfamilyis,therewillcomeatimethatitwillbetested,andproblemswillhityourightinyourface.Strongfamiliesshouldlearnhowtocombinealltheabovequalitiesanduseittosurviveeverydifficulty.Spiritualwellness.Somemightdisagreethatspiritualwellnessisimportanttoafamily,buttruly,agreatfamilyhasstrongfaithandbeliefnomatterwhattheirreligionis.Whenafamilyhasastrongspiritualfoundation,theyarejustmorelovingandunderstanding,thusmakingthemstronger.40A.Sodoyoufeelthesameway?B.Neverconflictwithfamilymembers.C.Theabilitytodealwithstress,conflictandcrisis.D.Sotheoldquestionis,whatmakesagreatfamily?E.Strongfamilieshaveaneffectivecommunicationenvironment.F.Simpleshowingofappreciationisoneofthequalitiesofagreatfamily.G.Soinvestinyourfamily'sspiritualwellnessandlearntobeoptimistic.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DanielHovespentyearsservinghiscommunityinWisconsinastheAssistantFireChieffortheBurnsvilleFireDepartment.In2012,he41fromthejobhelovedafterdoctorsdiagnosedhimwithpancreatic（胰腺的）cancer.Danielspentyearsfightingthe42disease.Andhehadtonsof43fromfriendsandfamily.Buthisbeloved11-year-oldLabrador（拉布拉多猎犬）,Gunner,44byhissideeverystepoftheway.AsDaniel's45grewmoredifficult,Gunnerbecameill,too.Andhe46thehighsandlowsrightalongwithhisfavoritehuman.“Whenmydadwouldgetrestless,thedogwouldbe47,”Daniel’sdaughterHeatherexplained.“Sooncewe48howthedogwasdoing—hewasn'tmovingmuchanymoreandnotdoingwell—weknew,itwascoming.”AsGunner'ssufferinghititspeak,Heather49knewthedog’stimeonEarthwasdone.Gunnerwas50ananimalhospitalwheretheveterinarianputhimto51forever.AndsoonafterGunnerpassedaway,Danielfoundhis52wasclose.Aboutanhourandahalflater,Danielwasgonetoo.53inlife,thedogandhisbelovedowneralsoremainedthatwayindeath.Specialfriendsareplacedinourlives.Andthestoryofthisdogandhisownerisabeautiful54thatsometimesthosefurryfriendsofferlifelong55withoutwords.41.A.came B.retired C.returned D.suffered42.A.common B.impressive C.terrible D.addictive43.A.support B.praise C.criticism D.popularity44.A.moved B.swung C.stopped D.remained45.A.devotion B.decision C.battle D.work46.A.experienced B.enhanced C.conveyed D.explored47.A.unsatisfied B.uneasy C.selfless D.careless48.A.proved B.inferred C.guessed D.saw49.A.exactly B.frequently C.instantly D.originally50.A.rushedto B.sentfor C.thrownintoD.droppedby51.A.play B.sleep C.live D.wake52.A.place B.healing C.time D.liking53.A.Inseparable B.Suitable C.Countable D.Unbelievable54.A.fashion B.reminder C.form D.encounter55.A.process B.education C.learning D.company第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Aninternationalteamofastronomersusedadatabasecombiningobservationsfromthebesttelescopesintheworld56(detect)thesignalfromtheactivesupermassiveblackholesofdyinggalaxies（星系）intheearlyuniverse.The57(appear)oftheseactivesupermassiveblackholesisrelatedtochangesinthehostgalaxy.Thismeansablackholecouldhavefarreachingeffects58theevolutionofitshostgalaxy.TheMilkyWayGalaxy59weliveincludesstarsofvariousages,includingstarsstillforming.Butinsomeothergalaxies,60(know)aselliptical（椭圆的）galaxies,allofthestarsareoldandaboutthesameage.Thisindicatesthatearlyin61(they)historiesellipticalgalaxieshadaperiodofrichstarformationthatsuddenlyended.Whythisstarformationstoppedinsomegalaxies62notothersisnotwellunderstood.Onepossibilityisthatasupermassiveblackholedisrupts（瓦解）thegasinsomegalaxies,63(create)anenvironmentunsuitableforstarformation.Totestthistheory,astronomerslookatdistantgalaxies.Duetothelimitedspeedoflight,ittakestimeforlighttotravelacrossthevoidofspace.Thelightwesawlastnightfromanobject10billionlightyearsaway64(travel)for10billionyearstoreachEarth.Thusthelightweseetodayshowsuswhatthegalaxylookedlikewhenthelightleftthatgalaxy10billionyearsago.Solookingatdistantgalaxiesislikelookingbackintime.Butthelongerdistancealsomeansthatdistantgalaxieslook65(small),makingstudymoredifficult.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你班下周要进行英语口语测试，你想请你的交换生同学Jeffrey和你进行一次口语模拟测试（amockspeakingtest)。请你给他发一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.口语考试介绍；2.提出请求；3.期待回复。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJeffrey,Bestregards,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AsIwaslookingforanewflat,Iwastemporarilystayingatalovelysmallhotel.Unfortunately,duringthattime,Iwasduetoparticipateinanonlineconferenceforanentireweek.Iwasstuckinsidefrom10:00amuntil5:00pm,theentiredurationofthecleaninghours.IfiguredthatIcouldgothosefivedayswithoutmyroombeingcleanedanditwouldn'tbeaproblem.Iwouldjustputa"DoNotDisturb"signonmydoor.OntheseconddayasIwasheadingtogetbreakfastatthehotel,Ibumped（撞见）intothecleaningladynamedAnna.IaskedherifIcouldgivehermyrubbish,andImentionedthatIwouldbeworkingtheentiredaysosheneedn'tworryaboutcleaningmyroom.Shesmiledandsaiditwasokay.Thenextday,whenIreturnedfrommybreakfast,myroomhadalreadybeencleaned.Thesamehappenedonthefollowingday.OnFriday,Ifinishedmybreakfastquickerthanusualandthecleaningladywasjustheadingout.ShesmiledandsaidthatshewashappythateventhoughIatequickerthanusual,shewasstillabletofinishintime.Ifinallyrealizedthatallthistime,shehadbeenkeepinganeyeonwhenIheadedforbreakfastsoshecouldcleanmyroom.GiventhatlookingforaflatinanewcityandworkinginoneofthesmallesthotelroomsinLondonwerealreadyverystressful,Iwasincrediblymoved.IthankedAnnaandtoldherthat,fortunately,itwastheverylastdayoftheconference,butIwasverythankful.Thefollowingweek,Ifinallygotthekeysformynewflat.ExcitedandgratefulforallthehelpIhadreceivedwhilemovingin,Iboughtaboxofchocolatesandmademywaytothereceptionist.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Isaidtothereceptionist,"CouldyoupleasegivethosetoAnna?"Afterawhile,Annaarrived,lookingslightlypuzzled.

【〖答案〗〖解析〗】阅读：21—23ABDA篇：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了土耳其的几个旅游胜地。21.A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，游客可以在该景点探索古代世界七大奇迹之一。22.B细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，Belek最有可能吸引高尔夫运动爱好者。23.D推理判断题。根据第四段中的Harbour和第五段中的Beach可以推断，这两个地方都在海边。24—27CBDAB篇：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一对夫妇为患有唇裂的孩子求医的故事。24.C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，在马达加斯加，人们认为患唇裂是不幸的。25.B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，由于他们亲戚也有这样的经历，这对夫妇对唇裂并不是很害怕。26.D推理判断题。根据第四段第二句可知，在确定手术之前要进行全面的医疗评估。27.A推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，此段的目的是寻求更多的捐赠。28—31ACDBC篇：本文是一篇说明文。许多昆虫的大脑只有针尖那么大，却能表现出惊人的导航能力，它们是怎么做到的呢？28.A细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，Chicca研究昆虫大脑的工作原理是为了让电脑更有效率。29.C词义推测题。根据第三段对于机器人的工作过程的描述可知，此处steer的意思是“行驶；行进”。30.D推理判断题。根据第四段可知，Chicca对于机器人的表现非常满意。31.B主旨大意题。根据第五段第二句（相反，这个模型让我们深入了解昆虫是如何完成这项工作的，以及它们是如何这么高效地完成任务的）和最后一段Chicca说的话中的第四句和第五句（但昆虫一出生就能飞。一种有效的方法在他们的大脑中根深蒂固）可知，最后两段解释了“为什么昆虫的导航效率比机器人高”。32—35ABCDD篇：本文是一篇议论文。作者从论述在宇宙中不存在直线，进而谈到人生是没有直线的。32.A推理判断题。根据第一段可知，此段主要引入文章话题：宇宙中没有直线。33.B推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句（大脑形成直线的概念是为了简化你在自然中看到的东西）可推知，如果没有直线概念，自然界的东西将看起来非常复杂。34.C推理判断题。根据第三段第一句以及整段内容可知，证明地球是个球的道路漫长而又艰难。35.D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者从多个角度论述在宇宙中不存在直线的事实。36—40DFECG七选五：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些可以组成一个强大家庭的品质。36.D此处提出本文主题：所以老生常谈的问题是，是什么造就了一个强大的家庭？37.F根据下文（对小事和大事的感激对于提升一个人的自尊和表达你们对彼此的爱都很重要）可知，F项“简单地表达感激是一个强大家庭的品质之一”符合语境。38.E根据本段小标题Talktoeachother可知，E项“强大的家庭有效的沟通环境”符合语境。39.C根据本段内容（无论你认为你的家庭多么完美，总有一天它会受到考验，问题会直接出现在你面前。强大的家庭应该学会如何结合以上所有的品质，并用它来度过每一个难关）可知，本段介绍强大家庭的品质：处理压力、冲突和危机的能力。40.G根据上文（当一个家庭有一个强大的精神基础，他们就有更多的爱和理解，这使他们更强大）可知，G项符合语境。41—45BCADC 46—50ABDCA 51—55BCABD完形填空：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一只忠犬与主人共同抗击疾病，一直陪伴到终生的故事。41.B考查动词。2012年，在医生诊断出他患有胰腺癌后，他辞去了自己热爱的工作。42.C考查形容词。Daniel花了数年时间与这种可怕的疾病做斗争。43.A考查名词。他得到了朋友和家人的大力支持。44.D考查动词。但他心爱的11岁拉布拉多猎犬Gunner一直陪伴在他身边。45.C考查名词。随着Daniel（与癌症）的战斗变得越来越艰难，Gunner也病倒了。46.A考查动词。他和他最爱的人类一起经历了人生的起起落落。47.B考查形容词。我爸爸坐立不安，狗也坐立不安。48.D考查动词。所以当我们看到这只狗的情况时——它不怎么动了，表现得不好——我们就知道，它撑不住了。49.C考查副词。当Gunner的痛苦达到顶峰时，Heather立刻意识到这只狗在地球上的时间结束了。50.A考查动词短语。她赶紧把Gunner送到动物医院。51.B考查动词。兽医让他永远安眠了。52.C考查名词。在Gunner死后不久，Daniel察觉到他的时日也不多了。53.A考查形容词。这只狗和它深爱的主人一生形影不离，死后也依然如此。54.B考查名词。这只狗和它的主人的故事是一个美好的提醒：有时候，这些毛茸茸的朋友会无声地陪伴你一生。55.D考查名词。参见上一题〖解析〗。56.todetect57.Appearance58.on59.where60.known61.their62.but63.creating64.hadtravelled65.smaller语法填空：56.todetect考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表示目的，故用动词不定式。57.appearance考查词性变化。分析句子结构可