2024届云南省第一次高中毕业生复习统一检测(一模)英语试题（含答案解析）

2024年云南省第一次高中毕业生复习统一检测英语注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的学校、姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上,并认真核准条形码上的学校、准考证号、姓名、考场号、座位号,在规定的位置贴好条形码及填涂准考证号。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A2024TravelPlanner:TheBestThingstoSeeintheUKIconsofBritishFashion,OxfordshireAfashionexhibitionwillopenatBlenheimPalaceinMarch.IconsofBritishFashionisthelargesteventinthepalace’s300-yearhistoryandwillshowcasesomeofBritain’smostfamousdesigners.Clothing,drawings,photographsandpatternswillbeondisplay.23Marchto30June.Palaceentryticketsarevalidforayearandcost£38foradults,£22forunder-16s.Toulouse-LautrecinBathAnewexhibition,Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre,opensatVictoriaArtGalleryinBathinApril.Morethan30piecesfromtheartist’scolourfulcareerwillbeshownalongsideworksbyotherartistsoftheday.ThisistheonlychancetoseeLautrec’scompletecollectionofpostersintheUKbeforeitmovestoapermanenthomeattheMuséed’IxellesinBelgium.26Aprilto29September,adults£10,children£3.50.BackinTimeatBeamishAtrulyrecreated1950spicturehouseatBeamishwilloffervisitorsachancetorecallthegoldenageofmovie-going.Thecinemawillbethelatestadditiontoa“1950sTown”openedlastsummeratthelivinghistorymuseum.Adults£24.95,children£15.45,afamilyoffour£63.50,validforayear.NationalGallerygoesontourTheNationalGallerycelebratesits200thanniversaryon10May.Tomarktheoccasion，thegalleryislending12ofitsmosticonicpaintingsto12venuesacrosstheUK.PaintingswilltraveltocentresfromBrightontoEdinburgh,andwillallgoondisplayon10May.Eachofthe12venueswillrunexhibitionsanddigitalinterventionstoshowcaseitsparticularpainting.1.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha5-year-oldpayforBlenheim’sexhibition?A.£23.50. B.£60.00. C.£63.50. D.£98.00.2.WhatdoToulouse-LautrecandNationalGalleryhaveincommon?A.Recallingtheartist’scareer.B.Offeringchancestomakeposters.C.Employingdigitalinterventions.D.Enablingvisitorstoenjoyarts.3.Whichofthefollowingisayear-roundevent?A.IconsofBritishFashion.B.Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre.C.1950sPictureHouseVisit.D.NationalGalleryPaintingShow.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个2024年旅行规划师推荐的英国最好的景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据IconsofBritishFashion,Oxfordshire部分的“Palaceentryticketsarevalidforayearandcost£38foradults,£22forunder-16s.(白金汉宫门票有效期为一年，成人票价38英镑，16岁以下票价22英镑。)”可知，一对夫妻和一个5岁的小孩参观Blenheim的展览花费38ⅹ2+22=98英镑。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Toulouse-LautrecinBath部分的“Anewexhibition,Toulouse-LautrecandtheMastersofMontmartre,opensatVictoriaArtGalleryinBathinApril.Morethan30piecesfromtheartist’scolourfulcareerwillbeshownalongsideworksbyotherartistsoftheday.(今年4月，一场名为《图卢兹-罗特列克与蒙马特大师》的新展览将在巴斯的维多利亚美术馆开幕。这位艺术家丰富多彩的职业生涯中的30多件作品将与当时其他艺术家的作品一起展出。)”和NationalGallerygoesontour部分的“TheNationalGallerycelebratesits200thanniversaryon10May.Tomarktheoccasion，thegalleryislending12ofitsmosticonicpaintingsto12venuesacrosstheUK.(国家美术馆将于5月10日庆祝其成立200周年。为了纪念这一时刻，该画廊将向英国12个场馆出借12幅最具代表性的画作。)”可知，这两个地方的共同之处在于他们都让游客享受艺术。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据BackinTimeatBeamish部分的“Atrulyrecreated1950spicturehouseatBeamishwilloffervisitorsachancetorecallthegoldenageofmovie-going.Thecinemawillbethelatestadditiontoa“1950sTown”openedlastsummeratthelivinghistorymuseum.Adults£24.95,children£15.45,afamilyoffour£63.50,validforayear.(在比米什，一座真正重现了20世纪50年代的电影院将为游客提供一个回忆电影黄金时代的机会。这家电影院将是去年夏天在活历史博物馆开放的“20世纪50年代小镇”的最新成员。成人24.95英镑，儿童15.45英镑，四口之家63.50英镑，有效期一年。)”可知，1950年代的PictureHouse参观是一个全年的活动。故选C。BThememoryofoneparticularsummereveningisstillburnedinmybrainasifitwereyesterday.Therewasnothingbutwide-openfieldsformilesandmilesaroundourruralMinnesotahome.Weneversawstrangersnoteverandhereonthishoteveningwasarealliveonewalkingupourdriveway.Ayoungman,aslightly-builthitchhiker(搭便车的人)approachedourdoor.Heknewtherewasastormcoming,andhedesperatelyneededshelter.Notwantingtointrudeonourhomeandfamily,heaskedmydadifhecouldsleepinourbasementforthenightforprotectionfromtherain.Insteadofsayingyes,mydadloadedusallupinthe1959Chevrolet:fivekids,mymum,andtheman.Ourfamilyconsistedofthreeolderchildrenwhosefatherhaddiedyoungandthreemorechildrenfromtheunionofmymotherandfather.OurolderbrotherJerrywasintheNavy,onashipsomewhereoverseas.Ourmumanddadworriedabouthim.Wedrovehim10milestothenexttown,whereDadboughtthemanaroomforthenightalongwithahoteveningmeal.Inthecarafterwedroppedoffthestranger,Iheardmydadsaytomymum,“IjusthopethatifJerryeverneedsanything,thiskindnesswillbereturnedtohim.”Weekslater,Dadtoldmyuncleabouttheyoungman.Myunclesuggestedthatperhapsmydadshouldn’thavetakentheriskofhavingastrangerinourcar.Mydadreplied,“Youareabsolutelyright.Ishouldhaveinvitedhimintoourhome.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“intrudeon”inparagraph2mean?A.Disturb. B.Scare. C.Embarrass. D.Upset.5.Howdidtheauthor’sfatherhelpthestranger?A.Byprovidingabedforhiminthebasement.B.Bylettinghimstayforthenightinthecar.C.Bytakinghimtoahotelinanothertown.D.Bycookingahoteveningmealforhim.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sfamily?A.Thefamilyhadfivechildrenintotal.B.JerrywasservinginthearmyintheUSA.C.Theyhadnospareroomforthehitchhiker.D.Dadwishedhiseldersontobetreatedkindly.7.Whatdidtheauthor’sunclethinkofhisfather’sdeed?A.Worthwhile. B.Inappropriate. C.Inspiring. D.Unbelievable.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲在一个即将下暴雨的夏日帮助一个陌生人的故事。【4题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第二段划线词所在句子“

heaskedmydadifhecouldsleepinourbasementforthenightforprotectionfromtherain.

(他问我爸爸是否可以在我们家的地下室过夜，以防下雨。)”可知，这个陌生人应该是不想打扰作者的家人，询问是否可以住在地下室；由此猜测，划线词的意思是“打扰”，与disturb(打扰)。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Wedrovehim10milestothenexttown,whereDadboughtthemanaroomforthenightalongwithahoteveningmeal.

(我们开车带他到10英里外的下一个城镇，在那里爸爸给他买了一个房间过夜，还给他买了一顿热腾腾的晚餐。)”可知，作者的父亲通过带这个陌生人去了另一个城镇的旅馆来帮助他。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Inthecarafterwedroppedoffthestranger,

Iheardmydadsaytomymum,“IjusthopethatifJerryeverneedsanything,thiskindnesswillbereturnedtohim.”(我们把那个陌生人送上车后，我听到爸爸对妈妈说:“我只希望，如果杰里有什么需要，这份善意能回到他那里（即他能得到帮助）。”)”可知，爸爸希望他的大儿子受到善待。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Weekslater,Dadtoldmyuncleabouttheyoungman.Myunclesuggestedthatperhapsmydadshouldn'thavetakentheriskofhavingastrangerinourcar.

(几周后，爸爸把那个年轻人的事告诉了叔叔。我叔叔建议说，也许我父亲不应该冒险让一个陌生人坐在我们的车里。)”可知，作者的叔叔认为他父亲的行为是不合适的。故选B。CAlmostallnewparentsstruggletogetenoughsleepwhilecaringfortheirnewborns.Forsomepenguin(企鹅)parents,though,periodsofsleepareespeciallyshort.ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothisthousandsoftimesthroughouttheday.Theshort“microsleeps”totalaround11hourseachday.Themicrosleepsappeartobeenoughtokeeptheparentsgoingformanyweeks.NielsRattenborg,asleepresearcherattheMaxPlanckInstituteforBiologicalIntelligenceinGermany,said,“What’ssurprisingisthatthepenguinsareabletofunctionokayandsuccessfullyraisetheiryoung.”ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnestsmadeupofsmallrocks.Mated(交配的)pairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusuallywatchestheeggsandchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adultpenguinsdon’tfacemanynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.Butlargebirdscalledbrownskuaseatthepenguineggsandsmallchicks.Otheradultpenguinsmayalsotrytostealthesmallrocksfromthenests,sopenguinparentsmustalwaysbeonguard.Forthefirsttime,scientistsfollowedthesleepingbehaviorofChinstrappenguins.Theydidthisbyattachingdevicesthatmeasurebrainwaves.Theycollecteddataon14adultsover11daysonKingGeorgeIslandoffthecoastofAntarctica.WonYoungLee,abiologistattheKoreanPolarResearchInstitute,thoughtoftheideaforthestudywhenhesawmatingpenguinsoftenblinking(眨)theireyesandpossiblysleeping.Buttheteamneededtorecordbrainwavestoconfirmtheanimalsweresleeping.“Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesomerestorativefunctions,”hesaid.Headdedthattheywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.Theresearchersdidn’tcollectsleepdataoutsidethematingseason.Buttheysuspectthatthepenguinsmaysleepforlongerperiodsatothertimesoftheyear.8WhathaveresearchersfoundaboutChinstrappenguins?A.Theytaketurnstotakecareoftheyoung.B.Theysleepforseveralsecondsatatime.C.Theyrestfor11hoursinaroweveryday.D.Theybehavepoorlyduetolackofsleep.9.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thehabitatsofthepenguins. B.Thelivinghabitsofthepenguins.C.Thematingseasonsofthepenguins. D.Thenaturalenemiesofthepenguins.10.WhichofthefollowingmightWonYoungLeeagreewith?A.Microsleepsofthepenguinsmatterintheirsurvival.B.It’sdifficulttorecordbrainwavesofthepenguins.C.Thepenguinsmaysleeplongerthanpeoplebelieve.D.Morefundsareneededtofurtherstudythepenguins.11.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Abookreview. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Asciencejournal. D.Achemistrytextbook.【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述研究人员最近发现，帽带企鹅每次只睡大约四秒钟，以保护它们的蛋和新生的小企鹅。他们一天要这样做几千次。文章介绍了关于帽带企鹅睡眠时间短，来保护小企鹅的研究过程、方式以及存在的局限性。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.Theydothisthousandsoftimesthroughouttheday.

Theshort“microsleeps”totalaround11hourseachday.

(研究人员最近发现，为了保护它们的蛋和刚出生的小企鹅，Chintstrap企鹅一次只睡大约4秒钟。他们一天中这样做数千次。短暂的“微睡眠”每天总计约11小时)”可知，研究发现，企鹅为了保护它们的蛋和刚出生的企鹅，它们一次只睡大约几秒钟。故选B。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段的“ChinstrappenguinsusuallylaytheireggsinNovemberinnestsmadeupofsmallrocks.Mated(交配的)pairsshareparentingresponsibilities.Oneparentusuallywatchestheeggsandchicksalonewhiletheothergoesofffishingforfamilymeals.Adultpenguinsdon’tfacemanynaturalenemiesinthematingseason.

(颈带企鹅通常在11月在由小岩石组成的巢穴中产卵。配对的人分担养育子女的责任。父母中的一方通常独自照看鸡蛋和小企鹅，而另一方则外出捕鱼与家人团聚。成年企鹅在交配季节不会遇到很多天敌)”以及全段可知，本段主要介绍了企鹅的生活习惯，包括产卵的的时间，如何养育小企鹅等。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Forthesepenguins,microsleepshavesomerestorativefunctions,”hesaid.Headdedthattheywouldnotsurvivewithoutit.(他说：“对于这些企鹅来说，微睡眠具有一些恢复功能。”。他补充说，没有它，他们将无法生存)”可推知，WonYoungLee认为睡眠对于企鹅的生存至关重要。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据全文内容以及第二段的“ResearchersrecentlyfoundthatChinstrappenguinsonlysleepforaboutfoursecondsatatimeinordertoprotecttheireggsandnewbornchicks.

(研究人员最近发现，为了保护它们的蛋和刚出生的小企鹅，Chintstrap企鹅一次只睡大约4秒钟)”可知，本文主要讲述研究人员最近发现，帽带企鹅每次只睡大约四秒钟，以保护它们的蛋和新生的小企鹅。他们一天要这样做几千次。所以本篇文章最有可能出自科学杂志。故选C。DWhenpeoplethinkofwordinnovatorsthroughouthistory,malewriterslikelycometomind.Shakespeareiscreditedwithinventingmorethan1,700words,including“bedroom”,“courtship”and“swagger”.CharlesDickensissaidtohavefirstusedthewords“butterfingers”and“doormat”,andDr.Seussreportedlycameupwith“nerd”.Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,historianssayanothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:teenagegirls.Womenleadupto90percentoflinguistic(语言的)changes,associolinguistWilliamLabovobservedintheearly2000s.Infact,hewrote,womenareoftenlinguisticallyaheadofmen“byafullgeneration”.Nowwomenareleadingthechargeonline.ThoughOxfordUniversityPress’2023wordoftheyear,“rizz”,meaningcharm,wascoinedbyaman,severalrunners-up,including“situationship”and“swiftie”wereinspiredorfirstusedbywomen.Theterm“goblinmode”,whichreferstolazybehavior,wasOxford’s2022wordoftheyearandappearstohavebeenfirstusedbyawomanonTwitterin2009.It’softenimpossibletotellwhofirstusednewwords.Butwhetherornotyounggirlsinventnewphrases,theyaremorelikelytobeearlyadoptersofthelatestlingo(术语),saysUniversityofTorontolinguistSaliTagliamonte,“They’repushingchangesforward.”Thereareahandfulofpossiblereasonswhygirlsleadlexical(词汇的)innovation.AccordingtoGretchenMcCulloch,authorofBecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRulesofLanguage,womentendtobemoresociallyaware.Theyhavelargersocialcirclesandmaybeexposedtomorelanguagediversity.Andbecausewomentendtobecaregivers,boysusuallylearnlanguagefromtheirmothers,whereaswomenandgirlslearnwordsfromotherwomen.12.Whydoestheauthormentionsomewordscoinedbymalewriters?A.Tocomparemaleandfemalewriters.B.Tointroducesomewell-knownwriters.C.Toleadinthetopictobetalkedabout.D.Toputforwardapointtobeproved.13.Whichofthefollowingwordswasinventedbyamale?A.Rizz. B.Situationship. C.Swiftie. D.Goblinmode.14.Whothinkswomen’ssocialawarenesscontributestolexicalinnovation?A.Dr.Seuss. B.WilliamLabov.C.SaliTagliamonte. D.GretchenMcCulloch.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NewWordsAreAddedtoEnglishDictionariesB.FemaleTeensTakeaLeadinLinguisticChangesC.WomenAreMoreSensitivetoLanguageDiversityD.NewTermsMakeCommunicationMoreColorful【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了女性青少年对语言的发展产生的影响。【12题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,historianssayanothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:teenagegirls.Womenleadupto90percentoflinguistic(语言的)changes,associolinguistWilliamLabovobservedintheearly2000s.Infact,hewrote,womenareoftenlinguisticallyaheadofmen“byafullgeneration”.(但是，历史学家说，除了著名作家的贡献外，另一个群体对语言的发展产生了更大的影响：少女。正如社会语言学家威廉·拉博夫在21世纪初观察到的那样，女性主导了90%的语言变化。事实上，他写道，女性在语言上往往比男性领先“整整一代”)”可推知，作者提到一些男性作家创造的词是为了引出要谈论的话题，即女性群体对语言的发展产生的影响。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段中“ThoughOxfordUniversityPress’2023wordoftheyear,“rizz”,meaningcharm,wascoinedbyaman,severalrunners-up,including“situationship”and“swiftie”wereinspiredorfirstusedbywomen.(牛津大学出版社评选的2023年度词汇中，意为“魅力”的“rizz”是由一位男性创造的，但包括“situation”和“swiftie”在内的几个亚军都是由女性启发或首次使用的)”可知，“rizz”是由一位男性创造的。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“AccordingtoGretchenMcCulloch,authorofBecauseInternet:UnderstandingtheNewRulesofLanguage,womentendtobemoresociallyaware.(《因为互联网：理解语言的新规则》一书的作者格雷琴·麦卡洛克认为，女性往往更有社会意识)”可知，格雷琴·麦卡洛克认为女性的社会意识有助于词汇创新。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Butdespitecontributionsfromfamouswriters,historianssayanothergrouphasanevengreaterimpactonthedevelopmentoflanguage:teenagegirls.(但是，历史学家说，除了著名作家的贡献外，另一个群体对语言的发展产生了更大的影响：少女)”可知，文章主要介绍了女性青少年对语言的发展产生的影响。由此可知，FemaleTeensTakeaLeadinLinguisticChanges(女性青少年在语言变化中起主导作用)适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoDealwithAwkwardSilencesWeallknowwhatit’slikewhenaconversationdiesoffandyou’relefttositinsilence.____16____Thankfully,fillingthesesilencesisn’tasdifficultasitmayseem.Readontolearnhowtoinitiatesmalltalkanddealwithawkwardsilences.•Thinkoftopicsaheadoftime.Beforeattendingasocialevent,thinkofafew“go-to”topicstojumpstartadeadconversation.Thiswillhelpyoutofillthesilencesinsteadofstrugglingforwordsinthemoment.Recentnews,localevents,popularbooksandtelevisionshowsareallgoodfallbackoptions.____17____•Askopen-endedquestions.Askquestionsthathavemorethanonepossibleanswer.____18____Theyhelpavoidresultinginshortresponse.Forexample,insteadofasking,“Didyoulikeyourhighschool?”,youcouldask,“Whatdidyoulikeaboutyourhighschool?”•____19____Aswithanygoodconversation,thebiggestkeyistolisten.Iftheyrespondtoyourquestionwithashortstatementsuchas“Yes”or“No”,thatmightindicatethattheyaren’tcomfortabletalkingaboutaparticularsubject.Instead,talkaboutsomethingthatyouknowthey'reinterestedin.Forexample,“Iheardyouwonyourfootballgametheothernight.I’dlovetohearaboutit.”•Giveacompliment(表扬).____20____Forexample,youcouldsay,“Ireallylikeyourshirt.Wheredidyougetit?”Thiscouldmovetheconversationinanotherdirectionwhilemakingtheotherpersonfeelgood.Sticktosayingnicethingsifyou’retryingtomakesmalltalk.A.Keeptheconversationflowing.B.Italsoallowsyoutospendmoretimetogether.C.Listencarefullyandrespondtotheirreactions.D.There’sonlyonewordtodescribeit:awkward.E.Thisisalwaysasafebet,aslongasit’sappropriate.F.Suchquestionsarelikelytogetthepersontalkingmore.G.However,avoidsomesubjectsthatmaycausearguments.【答案】16.D17.G18.F19.C20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何应对在交谈中因为沉默造成的尴尬的方法。【16题详解】上文“Weallknowwhatit’slikewhenaconversationdiesoffandyou’relefttositinsilence.

(我们都知道当一次谈话结束，你只能静静地坐着时是什么感觉)”说明谈话结束无话可说的局面非常令人尴尬。空处顺接前文，说明无话可说的感觉非常的尴尬。D项“只有一个词可以形容它：尴尬。”符合语境。该项中的awkward是标题中该词的复现。故选D。【17题详解】上文“Recentnews,localevents,popularbooksandtelevisionshowsareallgoodfallbackoptions.(最近的新闻、当地的活动、受欢迎的书籍和电视节目都是不错的后备选择)

”说明最近的新闻，活动，受欢迎的书籍和电视节目都是可以提前选择的话题。空处和前文形成转折关系，说明选择话题时需要注意的问题。G项中的“somesubjects”和前文中的topics相呼应，所以G项“但是，要避免一些可能引起争论的话题。”符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】上文“Askquestionsthathavemorethanonepossibleanswer.

(提出有多个可能答案的问题)”说明想要打破沉默，可以提出有多个答案的问题。空处承上启下，说明这样做的好处。F项中的“Suchquestions”和时前文中该词的复现，下文中的They指代的也是“Suchquestions”，说明这样的问题可能会让对方多说话。故选F。【19题详解】下文“Aswithanygoodconversation,thebiggestkeyistolisten.Iftheyrespondtoyourquestionwithashortstatementsuchas“Yes”or“No”,thatmightindicatethattheyaren’tcomfortabletalkingaboutaparticularsubject.

(与任何好的谈话一样，最大的关键是倾听。如果他们用“是”或“否”等简短的回答来回答你的问题，这可能表明他们对谈论某个特定的话题感到不舒服)”说明本段所给建议为先要认真倾听，在根据听到了的信息做出回应。C项“仔细倾听并回应他们的反应。”适合做本段的主旨句，统领全段。故选C。【20题详解】下文“Forexample,youcouldsay,“Ireallylikeyourshirt.Wheredidyougetit?”Thiscouldmovetheconversationinanotherdirectionwhilemakingtheotherpersonfeelgood.

(例如，你可以说：“我真的很喜欢你的衬衫。你从哪里买的？”这可以把谈话推向另一个方向，同时让对方感觉良好)”以及本段的主旨句说明需要赞扬对方，这样会让对方感觉良好。空处为下文中举例所列举的事实。E项中的“

asafebet”指代标题中的“acompliment

”，说明赞美只要时合适的，就是在交谈中起到作用。所以E项“只要合适，赞美总是一个安全的选择。”符合语境。故选E。第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Growinguponafarm,ToriJamesspentmuchofherearlyyearsoutdoors,buildingsheltersandplayinginmuddystreams.She____21____herselfasanambitiousandadventurouschildandowestheDukeofEdinburghAwardtoherlovefor____22____.Jamessaysshecouldneverhave____23____thatonedayshemightbetheyoungestBritishwomanto____24____thepeakofMountEverest.Today,Jamesisa(n)____25____adventurer.Alongsidehersuccessfulclimboftheworld’s____26____peakin2007,shewasamemberofthefirstall-femaleteamto____27____atiring650-kilometreskiracetotheMagneticNorthPolein2005,andin2014shesetthe____28____forthelongestnon-stopopen-seakayakcrossinginUKwaters.Yetaheadofherfirstexplorationattheageof18,Jameshad____29____herabilitytolastamonthoutinthecoldwithoutthecomfortofahotbath.“It’sonlyby______30______ourcomfortzonethatweunderstandourtruepotential,”sheexplains,“That’swhenthe______31______happens.”Jamesencourageswould-beadventurersnottobe______32______bytheconventionalimageoftherugged(粗犷的),hardyexplorer.“Iamsuchabelieverthat,withtherightsupportandskills,everyonecanbring______33______toanexploration,”sheadds,“Sometimes,it’sonlyoutinthefieldthatsomeone’s______34______talentsemerge,______35______intheprocessofexploration.”21.A.describes B.admits C.imagines D.praises22.A.wildlife B.science C.exploration D.competition23.A.explained B.understood C.declared D.predicted24.A.measure B.approach C.admire D.reach25.A.patient B.ordinary C.professional D.honest26.A.coldest B.highest C.prettiest D.straightest27.A.complete B.coach C.judge D.cancel28.A.record B.date C.goal D.standard29.A.lost B.doubted C.limited D.developed30.A.entering B.restoring C.leaving D.expanding31.A.emergency B.accident C.event D.magic32.A.pushedahead B.keptapart C.cheeredup D.putoff33.A.something B.nothing C.anything D.everything34.A.academic B.creative C.hidden D.artistic35.A.eventually B.particularly C.generally D.obviously【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.D25.C26.B27.A28.A29.B30.C31.D32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了托里·詹姆斯从小喜欢探险，长大后成为专业的探险家，从而也形成了自己对探险旅行的独特见解。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把自己描述成一个雄心勃勃、爱冒险的孩子，并将爱丁堡公爵奖归功于她对探索的热爱。A.describes描述；B.admits承认；C.imagines想象；D.praises赞扬。根据后文“herselfasanambitiousandadventurouschild”可知，这是托里·詹姆斯自己对自己的描述。故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把自己描述一个雄心勃勃、爱冒险的孩子，并将爱丁堡公爵奖归功于她对探索的热爱。A.wildlife野生动物；B.science科学；C.exploration探索；D.competition竞争。根据前文的“ToriJamesspentmuchofherearlyyearsoutdoors,buildingsheltersandplayinginmuddystreams.”可知，托里·詹姆斯热爱探索。故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹姆斯说，她从来没有预料到有一天她可能会成为到达珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的英国女性。A.explained解释；B.understood理解；C.declared声明；D.predicted预料。根据后文的“thatonedayshemightbetheyoungestBritishwomanto4thepeakofMountEverest”可知，她会成为登上珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的英国女性，这样的成就是她以前没有预料到的。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹姆斯说，她从来没有预料到有一天她可能会成为到达珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的英国女性。A.measure测量；B.approach接近；C.admire钦佩；D.reach到达。根据后文的“thepeakofMountEverest.”可知，她到达珠穆朗玛峰。故选D项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，詹姆斯是一名职业冒险家。A.patient有耐心的；B.ordinary普通的；C.professional专业的；D.honest诚实的。根据后文的“Alongsidehersuccessfulclimboftheworld’s6peakin2007,shewasamemberofthefirstall-femaleteamto7atiring650-kilometreskiracetotheMagneticNorthPolein2005,andin2014shesetthe8forthelongestnon-stopopen-seakayakcrossinginUKwaters.”可知，詹姆斯是一名职业冒险家。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她在2007年成功攀登了世界最高峰，2005年，她是第一支全女子团队的成员，完成了650公里的滑雪比赛，到达磁北极。A.coldest最冷的；B.highest最高的；C.prettiest最漂亮的；D.straightest最直的。根据前文的“theyoungestBritishwomanto4thepeakofMountEverest.”可知，她攀登的是珠穆朗玛峰，是世界最高峰。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在2007年成功攀登了世界最高峰，2005年，她是第一支全女子团队的成员，完成了650公里的滑雪比赛，到达磁北极。A.complete完成；B.coach训练；C.judge判断；D.cancel取消。根据前文“Alongsidehersuccessfulclimboftheworld’s6peakin2007”和后文“atiring650-kilometreskiracetotheMagneticNorthPolein2005”可知，詹姆斯不但成功攀登了世界最高峰，也完成了650公里的滑雪比赛。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2014年，她创造了英国水域最长的不间断公海皮划艇穿越纪录。A.record记录；B.date日期；C.goal目标；D.standard标准。根据后文的“forthelongestnon-stopopen-seakayakcrossinginUKwaters”可知，她创造了英国水域最长的不间断公海皮划艇穿越纪录。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在她18岁的第一次探险之前，詹姆斯怀疑自己是否能在没有热水澡舒适的情况下在寒冷中坚持一个月。A.lost丢失；B.doubted怀疑；C.limited限制；D.developed发展。根据前文的“aheadofherfirstexplorationattheageof18”可推知，在第一次探险之前詹姆斯对自己的能力充满怀疑。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只有离开舒适区，我们才能了解自己真正的潜力，”她解释说，“那就是奇迹发生的时候。”A.entering进入；B.restoring恢复；C.leaving离开；D.expanding扩大。根据后文的“ourcomfortzonethatweunderstandourtruepotential”可知，要离开舒适区，才能了解自己真正的潜力。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“只有离开舒适区，我们才能了解自己真正的潜力，”她解释说，“那就是奇迹发生的时候。”A.emergency紧急情况；B.accident事故；C.event事件；D.magic奇迹，魔术。根据前文的“It’sonlyby10ourcomfortzonethatweunderstandourtruepotential”可知，只有离开舒适区，我们才能了解自己真正的潜力，才会像她一样突破自己，奇迹才会发生。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：詹姆斯鼓励想要成为冒险者的人不要被传统的粗犷、顽强的探险家形象使得失去兴趣。A.pushedahead向前推进；B.keptapart分开；C.cheeredup欢呼；D.putoff使失去兴趣，推迟。根据后文的“bytheconventionalimageoftherugged(粗犷的),hardyexplorer”可知，传统的粗犷、顽强的探险家形象很有可能会使想要成为冒险者的人失去兴趣。故选D项。【33题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：她补充道：“我坚信，只要得到适当的支持和技能，每个人都能在探索中有所作为。有时候，只有在这个领域，人们隐藏的才能才能显现出来，尤其是在探索的过程中。”A.something某事；B.nothing没有什么；C.anything任何事；D.everything每件事。根据前文的“Iamsuchabelieverthat,withtherightsupportandskills,everyonecanbring...”可推知，只要得到适当的支持和技能，每个人都能在探索中有所作为。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她补充道：“我坚信，只要得到适当的支持和技能，每个人都能在探索中有所作为。有时候，只有在这个领域，人们隐藏的才能才能显现出来，尤其是在探索的过程中。”A.academic学术的；B.creative创造性的；C.hidden隐藏的；D.artistic艺术的。根据后文的“talentsemerge”可知，隐藏的才能显现出来。故选C项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她补充道：“我坚信，只要得到适当的支持和技能，每个人都能在探索中有所作为。有时候，只有在这个领域，人们隐藏的才能才能显现出来，尤其是在探索的过程中。”A.eventually最终；B.particularly特别；C.generally一般；D.obviously显然。根据前文的“Sometimes,it’sonlyoutinthefieldthatsomeone’s14talentsemerge”和后文“intheprocessofexploration.”可知，尤其是在探索的过程中，才能激发人们的潜力，人们隐藏的才能才能显现出来。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Acomposting(堆肥)programatTheWesleySchoolinLosAngelesishelpingstudentsgethands-onexperienceandways____36____(handle)human-drivenclimatechange.Forthepastyearalltheleftoverfoodwastefromtheschoolhasgoneintocompostingcontainersratherthanalandfill____37____itwouldbeburiedandwouldproduceplanet-warminggases.Theschool’scompostingprogram____38____(come)intobeingin2022,andthisyear,theschoolhelda____39____（celebrate)torevealwhathappenedinsideaseriesoffive-foot-tallcontainers.StevenWynbrandt,alocalfarmer____40____compostingconsultantwhohashelpedtheschoolwithitsprogram,brokethetiesthatheldthecontainerclosed.Richblackcompostspilledoutfromthecontainer.Theschoolwillusethecompostonplantsaroundcampus.Somewill____41____(offer)tofamiliesthatwanttouseitathome,andwhateverisleftwillbedonated.Ittakestwohoursforthecontainertobeemptiedandpreparedtoreceive____42____nextday’slunchleftovers.Theothercontainersremainfulloffoodwastethatisintheprocessof____43____(break)down.Decorated____44____(poster)ontheoutsideofeachcontainerindicatewhentheycanbeopenedsothatthenextgenerationofplantsoncampuscanbenefit____45____therichsoil.【答案】36.tohandle37.where38.came39.celebration40.and41.beoffered42.the43.breaking44.posters45.from【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了洛杉矶的一个堆肥项目。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：洛杉矶韦斯利学校的一个堆肥项目正在帮助学生获得实践经验，并找到应对人为气候变化的方法。waystodosth.“做某事的方法”，用handle“处理，解决”的不定式作定语。故答案为tohandle。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在过去的一年里，学校所有剩下的食物垃圾都被放进了堆肥容器，而不是填埋，填埋会产生导致地球变暖的气体。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是landfill，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故答案为where。【38题详解】考查时态。句意：这所学校的堆肥项目于2022年开始，今年，学校举行了一场庆祝活动，展示了一系列5英尺高的集装箱里发生的事情。comeintobeing“形成”。