备战2023年高考英语全真模拟卷04（上海）

备战2023年高考英语全真模拟卷04（上海）I.ListeningSectionA（第1-10题,每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）Directions:InSectionyouwilltenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyyouaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersondecidewhichisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave1. A.Shewonderswhichlettertofinish. B.Shewillmakecopieslater.

C.ShewillmeetMr.Brownfirst. D.Shehopestobecomeatypist.2.A.7:00. B.7:10. C.9:00. D.9:10.

3.A.Eager. B.Regretful. C.Exhausted. D.Satisfied.

4.A.Hegavethewomansomewronginformation. B.Heputsugarintheglasscontainer.

C.Hebrokethetwocontainers. D.Headdedsalttothecoffee.

5.A.Hewillcleanthehouseimmediately. B.Hedoesn’thavetimetotakethewomanhome.

C.Itshouldbeeasyforthegueststofindthehouse. D.Heneedstimetorelaxbeforetheguestsarrive.

6.A.Shedoesn’tlikethepainting. B.Shehasn’tvisitedtheman’soffice.

C.She’llhangthepaintingonthewall. D.Shedoesn’tknowwheretoputthepainting.7.A.Hedoesn’tliketocook. B.Hemakesverygooddesserts.C.Heisn’tcarefulwhenhe’spreparingfood. D.HecooksfortheSpanishclubquiteoften.8.A.Shedoesn’tplantocontinuestudyingnextyear. B.Shewantstoknowabouttheman’sopinion.

C.Shehasalreadytoldthemanaboutherplan. D.Shewon’ttransfertoanotheruniversity.

9.A.Startcleaningsooner. B.Hireacleaningservice.

C.Takearestbeforetheparty. D.Havehispartyatadifferenttime.10. A.Hehasinvitedmanypeopletodinner. B.Heintentionallycookedalotofsoup.

C.Hedoesn’tlikeleftoverseither. D.Heusedleftoversinthesoup.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandalongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersinyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Apainting. B.Anartist. C.Anexperiment. D.Adisease.

12.A.Theweaknessofsight. B.Theinabilitytorecallafaceonceseen.

C.Thedeclineofmemorywithage. D.Thefailuretomemorizedifferentorders.

13.A.Landscapesareeasiertoidentifythanotherthings.

B.Facerecognitionskillscannotbetaughtandimproved.

C.Humanbrainshandlefacesdifferentlyfromotherobjects.

D.Peoplewithsomekindofblindnesshaveauniquebrainstructure.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Whatpeoplethinkaboutisaffectedbyculturaldifference.

B.Thoseinlargecitiescaremoreaboutthemodernwayoflife.

C.Howpeoplemakesenseoftheworldisadvancingallthetime.

D.Theyoungadoptaninnovativestrategytoprocessinformation.

15.A.Thepassionfornature. B.Theurgetofindcauses.

C.Thepreferenceforcomparison. D.Thehabitsofthought.

16.A.Humanbeingsdon’tsharethesamehabitsofthought.

B.Categorizationplaysanimportantroleinlogicalthinking.

C.Ruleapplicationisuniversallyacknowledgedasessential.

D.Mainstreampsychologyhasusedawrongresearchmethod.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Whypeoplefeedoninsects. Includinginsectsinpeople’sdiets.

C.Howinsectsaffecthumans’foodsources. D.Usinginsectstodevelophealthyeatinghabits.

18.A.Eatinginsectsisstillconsideredtobesomethingunusual.

B.Foodcoloringmadefrominsectsaresaferthanthought.

C.Insectscanhelphumanbeingstofightagainststarvation.

D.Britainislookingforwaystoputinsectsintosensibleuse.

19.A.Theydidn’tfindinsectsdisgusting. B.Theywereusedtocookinginsects.

C.Sometypesofinsecttasteddelicious. D.Findinginsectswaseasierthanhunting.

20.A.Shehasn’teatenawholeinsect. B.Shehasconqueredherfearofinsects.C.Sheistryingtomakeflourfrominsects. D.Shedoesn’tconsiderinsectsasourceofprotein.

答案：1—5BDDDA7—10ACDAB11—15DBCAD16—20ABCDA备注：听力文字稿附文档末尾II.Grammar（每题1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（2021秋·上海静安·高三统考期末）Rereadingisaguiltypleasureformanyreaders.Howcanakeenreaderabandonhisto-be-readlistandwastetimewithabookhealreadyknows?Atthesametime,accordingtomanyexperts,theactofrereading____21____(regard),withoutdoubt,astheonlywaytotrulyunderstandatext.Academicsmostoftendiscussthebenefitofrereadingasawaytogaindeepunderstandingsofcomplextextsandoftheself.Teachersofearlyreading-agechildrenagreethatrereadingimprovesunderstandingbeyondbasicwords.Foradults,rereadingisnecessarytounderstandingatextwellsothatgoodcriticalarguments____22____bemade.Rereadinghelpstobuildabetterunderstandingofabook.____23____rereading,manyreadersfinditimpossibletoappreciateawriter’ssubtletalentsortocomprehendatext’sinnerideasandthemes.Rereadingisalsoanactofself-reflection.Thepracticeofpurposefulrereadingin____24____(real)createsakindofself-consciousness.Sincethebookneverchanges,itfunctionsasaconstant(恒量)____25____canbeusedtomeasurethereader’sgrowth.Itisawaytore-examinethereaderhimselfandthechangeshe____26____(undergo)sincetheinitialreading.Ofcourse,therearepossibledrawbackstorereadingaswell.Rereadingtakestime,____27____(draw)thereadersawayfromtheirto-be-readlist.Andit’shardtoimagine____28____frustratingitcanbeifabelovedbookfallsshortofyourrosymemoriesinrereading.AccordingtoDavidGalef,emotionslikepleasure,excitement,andcuriositycausethereadertorushthroughastoryandpassovertheinnercomplexity____29____(appreciate)inre-readings,andyettheyarealsoimportantelementsthatmaybedulledbythoserepeatedreadings.Furthermore,____30____yourrereadingisfocusedandintentionalaboutgainingnewthoughts,itmaynotresultinimprovedunderstanding.【答案】21．isregarded

22．can

23．Without24．reality

25．that##which

26．hasundergone

27．drawing

28．how

29．appreciation

30．if##when【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是重读的好处和坏处。21．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：与此同时，许多专家认为，重读的行为无疑是真正理解文本的唯一途径。通篇是一般现在时，重读是被认为是真正理解文本的唯一途径，因此句子用一般现在时的被动语态，即is/aredone，主语“theactofrereading”是单数，因此空格处是isregarded，故填isregarded。22．考查情态动词。句意：对于成年人来说，为了更好地理解一篇文章，重新阅读是必要的，这样才能提出好的批评论点。根据语境可知，句子表示“重新阅读是必要的，可以提出好的批评论点”，因此空格处表示“可以或能够”，空格后是动词原形，因此空格处是情态动词can，故填can。23．考查介词。句意：如果不重读，许多读者就不可能欣赏到作者微妙的才能，也不可能理解一篇文章的内在思想和主题。根据语境，句子表示“如果不重读，许多读者就不可能欣赏到作者微妙的才能”，因此空格处表示“没有”，空格后是动名词rereading，因此空格处是介词without，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Without。24．考查固定短语。句意：实际上有目的的重读创造了一种自我意识。根据前面的“Rereadingisalsoanactofself-reflection”可知，句子表示“实际上有目的的重读实践创造了一种自我意识”，inreality是固定短语，意为“实际上”，因此空格处是reality，故填reality。25．考查定语从句。句意：由于书是不变的，所以它的作用是一个常数，可以用来衡量读者的成长。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词constant是物，因此空格处用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。26．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这是一种重新审视读者自身及其自最初阅读以来所经历的变化的方式。由since可知，句子时态用现在完成时，主语he是单数，因此空格处是hasundergone，故填hasundergone。27．考查现在分词。句意：重读需要花费时间，把读者从他们的阅读清单上引开。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是takes，空格处是非谓语形式，Rereading和draw之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填drawing。28．考查副词。句意：如果你重读一本心爱的书，却没有留下美好的回忆，那是多么令人沮丧啊！根据语境可知，句子表示“如果你重读一本心爱的书，却没有留下美好的回忆，那是多么令人沮丧啊”，空格处用表示“多么”的how，故填how。29．考查名词。句意：DavidGalef认为，快乐、兴奋和好奇等情绪会导致读者匆匆读完故事，在重读时忽略对故事内在复杂性的欣赏。根据语境可知，句子表示“快乐、兴奋和好奇等情绪会导致读者匆匆读完故事，在重读时忽略对故事内在复杂性的欣赏”，因此空格处用名词，作宾语，appreciate的名词是appreciation，意为“欣赏”，是不可数名词，故填appreciation。30．考查从属连词。句意：此外，如果(当)你的重读是为了获得新的想法，它可能不会导致更好的理解。根据语境可知，句子表示“如果你的重读是为了获得新的想法，它可能不会导致更好的理解”，空格处表示“如果”，用连词if，引导条件状语从句，也可以用when（当……的时候）引导时间状语从句，故填if/when。SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.Notethatisoneyou（2022秋·上海·高三上海师大附中校考期中）A．groundB．discourageC．massivelyD．collapseE.disapproveF.privateG.containH.surviveI.escapeJ.slightlyK.formerLoansatpubliclibrariesfelldramaticallyduringthepandemic,whilewebsitevisitsrose.Iftheserviceisto____31____furthercuts,itneedsusers.Librariesareromanticyetplainplaces.Theromanceisthatofreading,andthewealthofhumanimaginationthey____32____.Theplainsideoflibrariesismorephysical.Thisistheworldofbuildings,shelving,books,librarycards,computers-andpeoplewhosemindsarereadytobeopened.Itwouldbehardtofindanyonewhoactively____33____of,orquestiontheprinciplesofself-improvementlibrariesstandfor.Butwhenitcomestopracticalities,Britain’slibrariesareonlesssolid____34____.Thesectorhasbeencut____35____inthepastdecade,witharound800librariesacrossEnglanddisappearing.ThefirstCovidlockdowncausedanewincreaseofinterestinreading,astheideatookholdthatpeopleforcedtostayathomewouldspendmoretimewithbooks—bothtofindoutmoreaboutthepandemicandto____36____fromit.Butthelatestdataregardinglibrariesareworryingforanyonewhovaluesthemasbricks-and-mortar(实体店)placestogo.Thenumberofphysicalvisitsalsotendedto____37____,from214.6mto59.7m,comparedwiththefactthatwebsitevisitsgrewby18%to154.7m.Ofcourse,thisisthebehaviorthatonewouldexpectduringapandemic.Manylibrarieswereclosedduringthisperiod,whenthegovernmentchoseto____38____peoplefromunnecessarymixing.Meanwhile,____39____librariesathome,whetherlargecollectionsorsingle,untidybookshelves,appeartobebooming,withmoreonesspringingup.Butthehopemustbethatvisitsandloansatpubliclibrarieswillsoonreturntotheir____40____leveltoo.Likeanyotherservice,librariesneedusers.Thishassomethingtodowiththeromanticnotionofthereaderasexplorer.Bookscanbetreasuredpossessions,butthereisalsosomethingspecialaboutthatONEcopytoarriveinyourhand.【答案】31．H

32．G

33．E

34．A

35．C

36．I

37．D

38．B

39．F

40．K【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了图书馆是一个浪漫的地方，在图书馆获得知识和文学艺术是非常宝贵的。同时，一些地区的图书馆面临着读者减少的困难，但作者认为图书馆将有一个美好的未来。31．考查动词。句意：如果该服务想在进一步削减中存活下来，它就需要用户。根据前文“Loansatpubliclibrariesfelldramaticallyduringthepandemic,whilewebsitevisitsrose.”可知，因为疫情公共图书馆的借阅量大幅下降，在根据后文“itneedsusers”可推知，公共图书馆想要生存下去，才需要客户。故选H项。32．考查动词。句意：浪漫的是阅读，以及其中蕴含的丰富的人类想象力。分析句子结构可知，本句是省略了that的定语从句，从句部分缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，定语从句的先行词是humanimagination，所以contain表示“蕴含的丰富的人类想象力”符合句意，又描述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时。故选G项。33．考查动词。句意：很难找到一个积极反对或质疑图书馆所代表的自我完善原则的人。根据后文“orquestiontheprinciplesofself-improvementlibrariesstandfor”可知，空处和question对应，所以disapprove“不赞成”符合句意。故选E项。34．考查名词。句意：但说到实用性，英国图书馆的基础就不那么坚实了。根据前文“Butwhenitcomestopracticalities”此处表转折。由此可知，英国的图书馆并不好，以及后文“witharound800librariesacrossEnglanddisappearing”可知，空处应填ground，表示“并不坚固的地基”符合句意。故选A项。35．考查副词。句意：在过去的十年里，这一领域被大规模削减，英国各地约有800家图书馆消失。根据后文“witharound800librariesacrossEnglanddisappearing”可知，英国的图书馆被大规模削减，所以massively符合句意。故选C项。36．考查动词。句意：第一次新冠疫情封锁引发了人们对阅读的兴趣新的增长，因为人们认为被迫呆在家里的人会花更多时间看书——既是为了了解更多关于大流行的信息，也是为了逃离大流行。根据前文“bothtofindoutmoreaboutthepandemic”可知，空后的it代指的是疫情，所以此处表达是“了解和逃离疫情”之意，所以escape“逃离”符合句意。又空前的to是不定式标志，所以填escape。故选I项。37．考查动词。句意：实体访问的数量也趋于崩溃，从2.146亿下降到5970万，而网站访问却增长了18%，达到1.547亿。根据后文“from214.6mto59.7m”可知，实体访问的数量大幅度下降，是趋于崩溃，所以collapse“崩溃”符合句意。故选D项。38．考查动词。句意：在此期间，许多图书馆都关闭了，因为政府选择阻止人们不必要的交往。根据前文“Manylibrarieswereclosedduringthisperiod”可知，在疫情期间，政府肯定是选择阻止人们不必要的交往，所以discourage“阻止”符合句意，又空前是to为不定式标志，应填原形。故选B项。39．考查形容词。句意：与此同时，国内的私人图书馆，无论是大型藏书还是单一而杂乱的书架，似乎都在蓬勃发展，而且越来越多的私人图书馆如雨后春笋般涌现。根据后文“whetherlargecollectionsorsingle,untidybookshelves,appeartobebooming,withmoreonesspringingup”可知，此处再说图书馆在蓬勃发展，但是前文一直在说公共图书馆在衰落，所以此处应是私人图书馆，所以private“私人的”符合句意。故选F项。40．考查形容词。句意：但人们肯定希望公共图书馆的访问和借阅也能很快恢复到以前的水平。根据后文“Likeanyotherservice,librariesneedusers.”可知，图书馆的运营，也需要客户来维持，所以人们希望公共图书馆的访问和借阅也能很快恢复到以前的水平，公共图书馆才能持续下去，所以former“以前的”符合句意。故选K项。III.ReadingComprehension(41–55题，每题1分；56–70题，每题2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.（2023春·上海·高三复旦附中校考阶段练习）Theteenageyearsofanindividualismarkedbyevaluatingone'svalues,experiencingashiftinoutlooks,andatendencytoactrebellious.Itcanalsobeatimewhensomeonebecomesextremely__41__tonegativeinfluences,andisdrawntowardsdangeroussituations.Ontheotherhand,forparents,theperiodoftheirchildren'sadolescencemeansregularlyworryingabouttheirsafetyandformationasacitizen.Thus,amethodof__42__teenagers'securityisneeded,andcurfews(宵禁)areoftenseenassuchameasure，sincetheyhaveprovedtheir___43___thesametime,certainpeculiaritiesexistaboutestablishingcurfewsforchildren.TheissueofteenagecurfewsiswidelydebatedintheUnitedStates,wherethismethodisstillrather__44__,andinEuropeandemocracies,wherethismeasureisyetnotsowidelyused.Thefirstandforemostreasonforestablishingcurfewsischildren'ssecurity.__45__curfewsrequireteenagersunder17yearstostayoutofstreetsstartingfrom11p.m.ormidnight.Thisisbelievedtoprotectthemfromcrimescommittedafternightfall,aswellasfrombreakingthelaw,andthereexistsseriousevidence__46__thisbelief.Forexample,whenNewOrleansenabledadusk-til-dawncurfewin1994,theratesofjuvenilecrimewerereportedtofallmorethan20percent.Evenmoreimpressive___47___wererecordedinDallas,whichreporteda30-percentdecreaseinviolentjuvenilecrime,anda21-percentdecreaseintheoverallratesofcrimescommittedbyyoungpeople(TheNewYorkTimes).Ontheotherhand,curfewscanbeseenasapreventivemeasurethatrobyoungpeopleoftheirrights,__48__theirfreedom.Thisopinionis__49__supportedbythefactthatcurfewviolations(违规)andtherespectivechargesareamongthemostoftencommittedjuvenilecrimesintheUnitedStates.___50___,therewerereportsclaimingthatpolicearrestedmorenon-whiteteenagersforcurfewviolations.Allthiscancauseateenagertobelievetheyhavecrossedapsychologicallinedividingthemascriminals;thus,suchteenagersmaystarttoseethemselvesasoutlaws,whichcan__51__committingmoreseriouscrimesthanacurfewoffense.Whatisimportantforaparenttorememberwhenestablishingacurfewfortheirchildrenisthatateenager'smisjudgedviewofcertain___52___maycausethemtomisbehaveinsomeotherway;thisisprovedbyresearchconductedbytheUniversityofMinnesota,accordingtowhichteenstendtoprotestagainstwhattheyseeas___53___.Consideringthis,parentsshould___54___theauthoritarianstyleofestablishingcurfews;instead,theyshouldhaveaconversationwiththeirteenagerthatwouldbeaimedatfindingidealconditionsforacurfewthatwould___55___bothsides.41．A．opposed B．subjected C．related D．restricted42．A．improving B．restoring C．ensuring D．expanding43．A．principle B．reference C．approach D．efficiency44．A．popular B．absent C．practical D．accessible45．A．Typical B．Evident C．Critical D．Specific46．A．inplaceof B．inhonorof C．incaseof D．infavorof47．A．results B．events C．patterns D．links48．A．protecting B．acknowledging C．limiting D．liberating49．A．officially B．logically C．particularly D．physically50．A．Bycontrast B．Inaddition C．Inconclusion D．Ingeneral51．A．takechargeof B．contributeto C．resultfrom D．dealwith52．A．rules B．charges C．crimes D．relations53．A．impolite B．unrealistic C．inadequate D．unfair54．A．adopt B．allow C．avoid D．address55．A．satisfy B．spare C．surround D．settle【答案】41.B

42．C

43．D

44．A

45．A

46．D

47．A

48．C

49．C

50．B

51．B

52．A

53．D

54．C

55．A【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。为了确保青少年的安全，国家对他们实行了宵禁。宵禁降低了青少年的犯罪率，非常有效，但在一定程度上限制了青少年的自由和权利。本文对宵禁这一举措的优点和缺点进行了论述。41．考查动词辨析。句意：它也可能是这样一段时间，在这段时间一个人变得非常容易受负面影响，并被危险的情况所吸引。A.opposed反对；B.subjected受控制，受影响；C.related联系；D.restricted受限制。根据后面的“andisdrawntowardsdangeroussituations（被危险的情况所吸引）”可知，被危险的情况所吸引，自然易受消极的负面的事物所影响。故选B。42．考查动词辨析。句意：因此，需要一种确保青少年安全的方法，宵禁常常被视为这样一种措施，因为宵禁证明了其有效性。A.improving提高，改善；B.restoring恢复；C.ensuring确保；D.expanding扩大。根据上句“forparents,theperiodoftheirchildren'sadolescencemeansregularlyworryingabouttheirsafetyandformationasacitizen.”可知，对于父母来说，孩子的青春期意味着要经常担心他们作为一个公民的安全。那么宵禁就是确保（ensure）他们的安全的一种措施。故选C。43．考查名词辨析。句意：因此，需要一种确保青少年安全的方法，宵禁常常被视为这样一种安全措施，因为宵禁证明了其有效性。A.principle原则；B.reference参与；C.approach方法；D.efficiency效率。下文主要叙述了在美国对青少年宵禁相当普遍并卓有成效的例子。可知，宵禁是有效的。故选D。44．考查形容词辨析。句意：对青少年宵禁的问题在美国广受争议，这种方法在美国仍然相当流行，而在欧洲民主国家，这一措施尚未得到如此广泛的应用。A.popular流行的，受欢迎的；B.absent缺席的；C.practical实用的；D.accessible可得到的。根据空前的“TheissueofteenagecurfewsiswidelydebatedintheUnitedStates”青少年宵禁问题在美国广受争议，以及后面的“thismethodisstillrather__4__”中的转折副词still，表示与前面的句意相反，可知这种方法虽然备受争议，但在美国仍然相当流行。故选A。45．考查形容词辨析。句意：典型的宵禁要求17岁以下的青少年从晚上11点开始不要上街。A.Typical典型的，有代表性的；B.Evident明显的；C.Critical批评的；D.Specific具体的。根据后面的举例，宵禁的时间及针对的人群可知，这种宵禁非常典型。故选A。46．考查短语辨析。句意：这被认为可以保护他们免受夜幕降临后的罪行，以及违法行为的侵害，而且有确凿的证据支持这一观点。A.inplaceof代替；B.inhonorof纪念；C.incaseof以防；D.infavorof支持。下文举例说明这种宵禁使青少年犯罪率下降了，可知，这些都能支持（infavorof）这一种措施的可行性。故选D。47．考查名词辨析。句意：达拉斯的结果更令人印象深刻，(纽约时报)报告称青少年暴力犯罪率下降了30%，青少年犯罪总犯罪率下降了21%。A.results结果；B.events事件；C.patterns模式；D.links链接。犯罪率的下降就是这种措施的结果（results）。故选A。48．考查动词辨析。句意：另一方面，宵禁可被视为剥夺年轻人的权利，限制他们的自由的一种预防措施。A.protecting保护；B.acknowledging承认；C.limiting限制；D.liberating解放。根据宵禁期间，青少年在晚上11点后不准上街，可知，宵禁限制（limit）了他们的自由。故选C。49．考查副词辨析。句意：这一观点尤其得到以下事实的支持：违反宵禁和相关指控是美国青少年最常犯下的犯罪之一。A.officially官方地；B.logically逻辑地；C.particularly尤其；D.physically身体上。根据“thatcurfewviolations(违规)andtherespectivechargesareamongthemostoftencommittedjuvenilecrimesintheUnitedStates.”可知这一观点尤其得到以下事实的支持。故选C。50．考查短语辨析。句意：此外，有报道称警方因宵禁逮捕了更多违反规定的非白人青少年。A.Bycontrast相比；B.Inaddition此外；C.Inconclusion总之；D.Ingeneral一般地。上文说了宵禁限制了青少年的自由，后面又举一例，可知，空格处要用此外（Inaddition）。故选B。51．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所有这些都会使青少年认为他们已经越过了将自己划分为罪犯的心理防线；因此，这些青少年可能开始将自己视为不法分子，这可能会导致犯下比宵禁罪更严重的罪行。A.takechargeof负责；B.contributeto促使，有助于；C.resultfrom由于；D.dealwith处理。分析前后两句的内容，可知青少年认为自己是不法分子，这会促使（contributeto）他们犯下更重的罪行。故选B。52．考查名词辨析。句意：在为孩子制定宵禁令时，父母要记住的一点是，青少年对某些规定的错误判断可能会导致他们在其他方面的不当行为。A.rules规定；B.charges费用；C.crimes犯罪；D.relations关系。宵禁令是一种规定（rule）。故选A。53．考查形容词辨析。句意：由明尼苏达大学进行的研究证明这一点，根据该研究，青少年倾向于抗议他们认为不公平的事情。A.impolite不礼貌的；B.unrealistic不现实的；C.inadequate不足的；D.unfair不公平的。根据“protestagainst(抗议)”可知，青少年认为这是不公平的的事，会进行抗议。故选D。54．考查动词辨析。句意：因此，家长应该避免制定宵禁的专制风格；相反，应该与他们的青少年进行对话，旨在为宵禁寻找理想的条件，让双方都满意。A.adopt采纳，收养；B.allow允许；C.avoid避免；D.address解决。上文说青少年在认为某事对自己不公平时会抗议。以及“haveaconversationwiththeirteenagerthatwouldbeaimedatfindingidealconditions”可知，要与青少年进行一次旨在找到理想条件的谈话，家长要避免（avoid）专制。故选C。55．考查动词辨析。句意：因此，家长应该避免制定宵禁的专制风格;相反，应该与他们的青少年进行对话，旨在为宵禁寻找理想的条件，让双方都满意。A.satisfy满足；B.spare留出，抽出；C.surround包围；D.settle解决。上文说要与青少年对话，不能专制，目的就是让双方满意（satisfy）。故选A。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)（2022秋·上海·高三上海交大附中校考开学考试）GettingtoknowPeruistoadmireitschurches,archaeological(考古的)sites,andhouseswithbalconies,whoarewitnessestotherichhistoryandguardiansoftheculturaltreasuresofPeru.Weinviteyoutodiscoverthetop5mostrepresentativecollections.RoyalTombsofSipanThisisanexceptionalexhibitionoftheLordofSipan,oneofthemostpowerfulmenofancientPeru,ruleroftheMochicaCulturewhichdominatedthePeruviannortherncoastbetween100and800A．D．TheComplexfeaturestheartifactsfoundwithinitstomb.Thetourincludesavisittothearchaeologicalsite,whichgivesyouacompleteviewofthismagnificentdiscovery.LimaArtMuseumAlsoknownasMALI,themuseumishometoacollectionofmorethan17,000worksexhibitedinitspermanentgalleriesincludingart,textilesandsilverwarefromthefirstAndeancivilizationstoourdays.Inaddition,themuseum’stemporarygallerieshighlightlocalandinternationalexhibitions.ThebuildingthathousestheMuseumislocatedattheentranceofLima’shistoricdowntownnexttoabeautifulpublicparkandisoneofthemostbeautifulexamplesofarchitectureinLima.MATEPeru’smostrecognizedphotographer,MarioTestino,hasgainedaplaceasoneofthemostinfluentialfashionandportraitphotographersofourtimes.HereinPeru,hehaswrittenanewchapterinart’shistorybyrestoringabeautiful19thCenturymansiontoitsformerglorytohomeanon-profitmuseumthatbringsPeruvianartistsandculturetoworldwideattention.Themuseumoffersthebestofinternationalcontemporaryartandphotographythroughaprogramofexhibitions,residencies,andevents,alongsideapermanentdisplayofhiswork.SantaCatalinaConventThisisnotjustanotherreligiousbuilding—the20,000-sq-metercomplexisalmostacastlewithintheArequipaCity.Occupyingawholeblockandguardedbyimposinghighwalls,itisoneofthemostfascinatingreligiousbuildingsinPeru.ItsmainattractionisthemixofSpanishannativeelementsinthearchitecturalstyleandthesplendidworksofart,suchastheartgallerycontainingpiecesoftheCuscoSchoolofpaintingsshowingthelifeofSt.CatherineofSiena,andthemurals(壁画)thatcanbeseenallovertheplace.56．Thepassageismainlyintendedto______.A．highlightPeru’srichhistoryandwell-knownartifactsB．recommendsomeofPeru’splacesthatareworthvisitingC．explainwhyPeruhasprotecteditsculturaltreasureswellD．introducemostrepresentativecollectionsinPeru’smuseums57．Thebuildingof______hasaforeigntouch.A．RoyalTombsofSipan B．LimaArtMuseumC．MATE D．SantaCatalinaConvent58．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．TheMochicaCulturespreadacrossPeruaround800A．D．B．LimaArtMuseumislocatedontheoutskirtsofLima.C．MarioTestinoplaysapartinpublicizingPeruvianculture.D．SantaCatalinaConventisnolongerusedforreligiouspurposes.【答案】56．B

57．D

58．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了秘鲁具有历史和文化意义的五处遗址。56．推理判断题。根据第一段的“GettingtoknowPeruistoadmireitschurches,archaeological(考古的)sites,andhouseswithbalconies,whoarewitnessestotherichhistoryandguardiansoftheculturaltreasuresofPeru.Weinviteyoutodiscoverthetop5mostrepresentativecollections.(了解秘鲁就是欣赏秘鲁的教堂、考古这些遗址和带阳台的房屋是秘鲁丰富历史的见证人和文化宝藏的守护者。我们邀请您探索前五大最具代表性的收藏)”结合下文对5个具有代表性遗址的介绍推知，本文的目的是给读者推荐秘鲁一些值得参观的地方。故选B。57．细节理解题。根据SantaCatalinaConvent部分的“ItsmainattractionisthemixofSpanishannativeelementsinthearchitecturalstyleandthesplendidworksofart,suchastheartgallerycontainingpiecesoftheCuscoSchoolofpaintingsshowingthelifeofSt.CatherineofSiena,andthemurals(壁画)thatcanbeseenallovertheplace.(它最吸引人的地方是建筑风格中西班牙本土元素和精彩的艺术作品的结合，比如艺术画廊里有展示锡耶纳圣凯瑟琳生平的库斯科派绘画作品，还有随处可见的壁画)”可知，SantaCatalinaConvent的建筑风格是西班牙元素，即它的建筑有异国情调。故选D。58．细节理解题。根据MATE部分的“HereinPeru,hehaswrittenanewchapterinart’shistorybyrestoringabeautiful19thCenturymansiontoitsformerglorytohomeanon-profitmuseumthatbringsPeruvianartistsandculturetoworldwideattention.Themuseumoffersthebestofinternationalcontemporaryartandphotographythroughaprogramofexhibitions,residencies,andevents,alongsideapermanentdisplayofhiswork.(在秘鲁，他将一座美丽的19世纪宅邸修复成昔日的辉煌，成为一座非营利性博物馆的所在地，为艺术史谱写了新的篇章，这座博物馆使秘鲁艺术家和文化受到了全世界的关注。博物馆通过一系列展览、居住和活动，以及他的作品的永久展示，提供最好的国际当代艺术和摄影作品)”可知，MarioTestino在宣传秘鲁文化方面发挥了作用。故选C。(B)（2023·上海·上海中学校考模拟预测）Lidar,shortfor“lightdetectionandranging”,involvesdirectingarapidseriesoflaserpulses-between100,000and400,000persecond—atthegroundfromanairplaneoradrone.SoftwarecapturesthetimeandwavelengthofthepulsesreflectedfromthesurfaceandcombinesitwithGPSandotherdatatoproduceaprecisethree-dimensional(三维的)mapofthelandscapebelow.Thesehigh-techexplorationshaverevealedlong-buriedMayancities,includingTikal,inthedensejungleofGuatemala,andCaracol,inBelize.Inrecentyears,lidarexposedanancientcityinwesternMexicocalledAngamuco.Thediscoveryofthislong-lostMexicancityisespeciallysignificant.BuiltbythePurepecha,whowereenemiesoftheAztecs,Angamucowasamajorcivilizationintheearly16thcentury,beforeEuropeansarrived.“TothinkthatthismassivecityexistedintheheartlandofMexicoforallthistimeandnobodyknewitwasthereiskindofamazing,”saysChrisFisher,anarchaeologist(考古学家)atColoradoStateUniversitywholedtheexploration.Thecityextendedovertensquaremilesbeforeitwascoveredbyalava(岩浆)flow.“Thatisahugeareawithalotofpeople,”saysFisher.“Youaretalkingabout40,000buildingfoundations,whichis[about]thesamenumberofbuildingfoundationsthatareontheislandofManhattan.”ArchaeologistsweresurprisedwhentheysawAngamuco’scityplan.ThePurepecha’smonumentswerelargelyconcentratedineightzonesaroundtheedgesratherthanbeinglocatedinonelargecenter.WhythisalmostLosAngeles-typesprawl(随意)?Historianswanttoknowtheanswertothattoo.TherevelationofAngamucoisanexampleofthepowerandpromiseoflidar.Archaeologistsdiscoveredsignsoftheburiedcityin2007andinitiallyattemptedtoexploreitusingatraditional“bootsontheground”approach.Buttheteamsoonrealizedthatwiththeruggedterrain(畸岖的地形)，itwouldtakeatleastadecadetooutlinetheentiremetropolis.In2011,theybeganusinglidartomapnearly14squaremiles,revealingsomeastonishingfeatures,frompyramidsandtemplestoroadsystems,gardenareas,andevenballcourts.Thisgavethemthe“map”theyneededtoknowwheretoexplorefurther.Sofar,Fisherandhisteamhaveverifiedmorethan7,000architecturalfeaturesovera1.5-square-milearea,withdiggingundertakenatsevenlocations.Alltold,researchersnowbelievethatmorethan100,000peoplelivedinAngamucofromaboutAD1000toAD1350.ThatmakesitthebiggestcityinwesternMexicoatthetime―oratleastthebiggestcityweknowaboutsofar“Everywhereyoupointthelidarinstrument,youfindnewstuff,”saysFisher.”Rightnow,everytextbookhastoberewritten,andtwoyearsfromnow,they’regoingtohavetoberewrittenagain.“59．WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofAngamuco?A．ItwasconstructedbyAztecs.B．ItisamajorcivilizationofMexico.C．Itwasdestroye