江西省2023-2024学年高一下学期3月月考英语试题（含答案解析）

高一英语试卷注意事项:1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Howmuchdidthewomanpayfortheskirt?A.$48.B.$69.C.$96.2.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Havearest.B.Dosomeexercise.C.Getusedtothecoldweather.3.Whendidthewomanseeafilmlasttime?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.4.WhydoesHarrymakethecall?A.Tofindthemanager.B.Tomakeareservation.C.Tolookforhispassport.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atravelplan.B.Anexamresult.C.Asportsgame.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Apilot.B.Adoctor.C.Apassenger.7.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Inthehospital.B.Ontheplane.C.Inthedrugstore.听第7段材料，回答第8.9题。8.Whatkindofbookdoesthewomanwant?A.Abookonwriting.B.Abookoncomputer.C.Abookontravel.9.Howwillthewomanfindthebookupstairs?A.Bytitle.B.Byauthor.C.Bytime.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whendidthespeakersgotothemovietheater?A.LastSunday.B.LastSaturday.C.LastFriday.11.WhatdoesTominviteNancytodo?A.Havelunch.B.Watchamovie.C.Gohiking.12.Whattimewillthespeakersprobablysetoff?A.At8:00.B.At9:00.C.At10:00.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.What’sthewoman’smajor?A.Management.B.French.C.Italian.14.Howdidthewomangettoknowaboutthejob?A.Bylisteningtothemorningnews.B.Byreadingthenewspaper.C.Bycallinganemploymentservice.15.WhathadthewomanbeendoinginGeneva?A.Teachingatauniversity.B.Studyingforeignlanguages.C.Workingasasecretary.16.Whatwasthewomanaskedtodo?A.Prepareforaninterview.B.Callagaininadayortwo.C.Sendawrittenapplication.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WheredidMaxinegettheideatostartadogshelter?A.Fromabook.B.Fromaneighbor.C.Fromadoglover.18.WhathappenedtothedogafterMaxinewashedandfedit?A.Itrantothenextdoor.B.Itlookedlovelyandhappy.C.Itstartedbeingclosetoher.19.HowdoesMaxinepayfortheshelter?A.Thecitygovernmentanddogloverssupporther.B.Herfamilygiveshermoney.C.Shecollectsfeesfromneighbors.20.HowoldmightMaxinebe?A.Around8yearsold.B.Below10yearsold.C.Around17yearsold.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AStudyAbroadScholarshipstoApplyforin2024Foundtheperfectstudyabroadprogram,butdon’tknowhowtopayforit?Fortunately,herearesomestudyabroadscholarshipopportunitiesforstudentslookingtotaketheirstudiesoverseas!TrenchardCoxScholarshipAllyouhavetodoiswritetwo400-wordreasoneddescriptions:oneonaworkofartyouloveandonethatyouhate.Thescholarship,establishedinmemoryofSirTrenchardCox,awardsthewinneranArtHistoryAbroad2-weeksummercourseinVenice.Requirement:Atleast16andnoolderthan18yearsofageDeadline:March1,2024ArcadiaAbroadScholarships&FinancialAidDidyouknowthatArcadiaAbroadprovidesfinancialaidtoaround70%ofstudentswhoapplyforit?Itvaluesequity,diversity,andinclusivitywhenawardingscholarships.Studentswhoapplyforscholarshipswillneedtowritea300-wordessay.Requirement:MustbeincludedinanArcadiaAbroadprogramAward:$500-$2,500Deadline:February1,2024AIFSStudyAbroadScholarships,Grants&FinancialSupportWebelieveastudyabroadexperienceisanimportantpartofwell-roundeduniversityeducationandwearecommittedtoprovidingfinancialhelptoasmanystudentsaspossible.AIFSalsooffersinternship(实习期)andstudyabroad+internshipmixedprogramstosupportthedevelopmentofpersonalandprofessionalskills.Award:$500-$5,000Deadline:June1,2024AmericanAssociationofUniversityWomen(AAUW)Fellowships&GrantsTheAAUWsupportswomensearchingforavarietyofgraduateacademicopportunities.Therearenobarriers(障碍)tofullparticipationinthisorganization.Preferenceisgiventothosewhoshowgreatinterestintheadvancementofgirlsandwomen.Requirement:WomenonlyAward:$2,000-$50,000Deadline:November15,20241.WhatisrequiredtoapplyforTrenchardCoxScholarship?A.Beingover18yearsofage. B.FluencyinEnglishandItalian.C.Two400-wordessaysonartworks. D.AmemberoftheArtHistoryAbroadsummercourse.2.Whichofthefourscholarshipprogramsendstheearliest?A.TrenchardCoxScholarship.B.ArcadiaAbroadScholarships&FinancialAid.C.AIFSStudyAbroadScholarships,Grants&FinancialSupport.D.AmericanAssociationofUniversityWomen(AAUW)Fellowships&Grants.3.WhoismostlikelytoreceivetheAAUWFellowships&Grants?A.Afreshmansufferingeconomically. B.Agraduateneedinginternshipabroad.C.Anartstudentfromadevelopingcountry. D.Afemalestudentdevotedtowomeneducation.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个2024年出国留学奖学金项目的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据TrenchardCoxScholarship部分中“Allyouhavetodoiswritetwo400-wordreasoneddescriptions:oneonaworkofartyouloveandonethatyouhate.(你所要做的就是写两篇400字的合理描述：一篇是关于你喜欢的艺术品，另一篇是你讨厌的艺术品)”可知，申请TrenchardCox奖学金需要两篇400字的艺术作品文章。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个项目结束日期是“Deadline:March1,2024(截止日期:2024年3月1日)”；第二个项目为“Deadline:February1,2024(截止日期:2024年2月1日)”；第三个项目为“Deadline:June1,2024(截止日期:2024年6月1日)”以及最后一个项目“Deadline:November15,2024(截止日期:2024年11月15日)”可知，四个奖学金项目中ArcadiaAbroadScholarships&FinancialAid结束得最早。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一部分“Preferenceisgiventothosewhoshowgreatinterestintheadvancementofgirlsandwomen.(优先考虑那些对女孩和妇女的发展表现出极大兴趣的人)”可知，致力于妇女教育的女学生最有可能获得AAUWFellowships&Grants。故选D。BDoryanMash,avolunteerfirefighteroutofPeachland,B.C.,togetherwithhiswifeAmyandherbrotherTrevorwasdeterminedtotakethescenicroutetoVernononSundaythroughWestsideRoad.“Mywifewantedtoseethefireareathereandlookatsomewildlifeandtakealookatallthedamagethatwasdonefromthefire,sowedecidedtotakethatroute,”saidMash.Justminutesintotheirdrive,theyspottedwildlife—adeerthathadbecometrappedunderneathastretchofrockfencingalongWestsideRoadandwasinurgentneedofhelp.“Ithinkshehadbeenunderthereforquiteawhile.Shehadstruggledquiteabitandhereyeswerebloodshot,”saidMash.Withouthesitation,MashandTrevorsafelyparkedtheirvehicleonthesideoftheroadandmadetheirwayuptheembankmentwherethedeerwasstuck.“Wepulledover,gotoutthecar,ranupthebankandgottwohandsonher,”saidMash.Afterseveralminutesofcarefullytryingtoassisttheanimalbyliftingthefence,thefemaledeermovedherwaydowntheembankment,andgotoutunderherownpower.“Shejumpedacrosstheroadanddowntowardsthelakeandwewatchedherrunaway,”saidMash.“Shelookedfineanddidn’tlooklikeshewastooinjuredoranythinglikethat,soitwasjustgoodtosee.”Mashaddedthathadtheynotstoppedtohelpthedeer,theywerenotsureitwouldhavemadeitoutsafely.“Ireallydon’tthinkitwouldhavebeenabletogetoutifwedidn’tliftthefence,”saidMash.MashwantstoremindthepublicthatwithsomanyanimalsdisplacedbyrecentwildfireeventsthroughouttheOkanagan,it’simportanttokeepyoureyesoutforanyanimalsthatmaybeindanger.4.WhydidMashdecidetotakearoutetoVernonthroughWestsideRoad?A.Togoonanadventure. B.Tosatisfyhiswife’sneed.C.Toprovidehelptothefirearea. D.Toraisefundforwildlifeprotection.5.HowdidMashjudgethedeerneededurgenthelp?A.Hecheckedthedeer’sbody. B.Henoticedthedeer’seyeswerebloodshot.C.Heheardthedeer’scryforhelp. D.Hefoundthedeerwasseriouslyinjured.6.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Toshowtheseriousnessofthewildfire.B.Toremindpeopleofthedangerofwildlife.C.Tofindasolutiontoanimalsdisplacedbywildfire.D.Tocallonpeopletopayattentiontoanimalstrapped.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMash?A.Carefulandresponsible. B.Adaptableandkind.C.Hard-workingandhonest. D.Humorousandenergetic.【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了DoryanMash在路上救助了一只被栅栏困住的鹿的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段““Mywifewantedtoseethefireareathereandlookatsomewildlifeandtakealookatallthedamagethatwasdonefromthefire,sowedecidedtotakethatroute,”saidMash.(马什说：“我妻子想去看看火场，看看野生动物，看看大火造成的破坏，所以我们决定走那条路。”)”可知，Mash决定走西侧路去弗农是为了满足他妻子的需要。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段““Ithinkshehadbeenunderthereforquiteawhile.Shehadstruggledquiteabitandhereyeswerebloodshot,”saidMash.(Mash说：“我想她在下面已经有一段时间了。她挣扎了很久，眼睛充血。”)”可知，Mash注意到鹿眼睛充血判断鹿需要紧急救助。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Ireallydon’tthinkitwouldhavebeenabletogetoutifwedidn’tliftthefence,”saidMash.MashwantstoremindthepublicthatwithsomanyanimalsdisplacedbyrecentwildfireeventsthroughouttheOkanagan,it’simportanttokeepyoureyesoutforanyanimalsthatmaybeindanger.(马什说：“我真的认为，如果我们没有把栅栏抬起来，它是不可能跑出去的。”马什想提醒公众，由于最近在奥肯那根发生的野火事件，有这么多动物流离失所，所以你必须时刻注意任何可能处于危险中的动物)”可知，最后一段的目的是呼吁人们关注被困动物。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Afterseveralminutesofcarefullytryingtoassisttheanimalbyliftingthefence,thefemaledeermovedherwaydowntheembankment,andgotoutunderherownpower.(几分钟后，他小心翼翼地试图帮助它抬起栅栏，然后雌鹿沿着堤岸移动，依靠自己的力量逃了出来)”以及最后一段“MashwantstoremindthepublicthatwithsomanyanimalsdisplacedbyrecentwildfireeventsthroughouttheOkanagan,it’simportanttokeepyoureyesoutforanyanimalsthatmaybeindanger.(马什想提醒公众，由于最近在奥肯那根发生的野火事件，有这么多动物流离失所，所以你必须时刻警惕任何可能处于危险中的动物)”可推知，Mash细心负责。故选A。CWiththewidespreaduseofsmartphones,emojis(表情符号)havebecomeapopularmediumforexpressingemotionsandideas.Researchersnowbelievetheseexpressivesymbolscanplayasignificantroleinmedicine,increasingtheresponserateofhealthsurveys.Scientistssaythatemployingemojisinhealthcarecommunicationshasseveralbenefits,suchasgeneralrecognitionacrossdiversepopulations.Sothestudyauthorsstronglysupporttheuseofemojistobolstercommunicationbetweenpatientsandphysicians.“Bypromotingmoreeffectivecommunicationbetweenpatientsandcareproviders,aswellasbetweenphysiciansthemselves,anemoji-basedlanguagesystemwithacommonagreementofmeaningscanbedeveloped,”saysProfessorKendrickDavis,whoisanassociateprofessorattheUCRSchoolofMedicine.Theprofessorhasbeenworkingoncreatinganemoji-basedmeasurementsystemforthepasttwoyears.Andhehasevenconductedastudyusingemojistomeasurehealthamongcollegestudents.Davisfurtherexplainsthatasignificantpartofmedicalcommunicationincludessurveys,whichareoftenareasofcommunicationbreakdown.“Surveysareusuallypassedtopatientsinavarietyofdifferentstagesoftheircare.Butmanysurveysareexplainedwithlanguagethatcanintroduceanobstacle.Thisiswhereemojis,whicharefriendlyandwidelyused,comeintoplaybyreplacingsurveylanguagethatcanbehardforsomepatientstounderstand,”hesays.Theauthorsalsopointoutthatwhileeffectivecommunicationisimportantforsuccessfultreatmentandcare,certainhealthconditionssuchasbraininjurycancausemajorobstacles.Insuchcases,emojiscouldbehelpful.However,Davisalsoacknowledgestheimportanceofqualitative(定性的)methods.Heexpressesaninterestinpartneringresearcherswhosemethodologiesareheavilyqualitative.8.Whydoestheauthormentiontheuseofsmartphonesinparagraph1?A.Tointroducethefunctionsofemojis. B.Toexplainwhyemojisdevelopfast.C.Totelluswhereemojisaremainlyused. D.Toshowemojishavebecomewidelyused.9.Whatdoes“bolster”underlinedinparagraph2mean?A.Improve. B.Start. C.Predict. D.Suggest.10.WhichofthefollowingmayProfessorKendrickDavisagreewith?A.Emojisshouldn’tbeusedinlettersfromdoctors.B.Physiciansarepooratcommunicatingwithpatients.C.Majorobstaclescanbecausedbyemojissometimes.D.Emojiscanhelppatientsfinishmedicalsurveysbetter.11.WhatdoesProfessorKendrickDavisprobablyplantodo?A.Createcompletelynewemojis. B.Useemojistomeasurementalhealth.C.Workwithresearcherswithqualitativemethods. D.Createanemoji-basedmeasurementsystemalone.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了表情符号可以在医学中发挥重要作用，提高健康调查的回复率。科学家表示，在医疗保健交流中使用表情符号有几个好处，比如在不同人群中得到普遍认可。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Withthewidespreaduseofsmartphones,emojis(表情符号)havebecomeapopularmediumforexpressingemotionsandideas.Researchersnowbelievetheseexpressivesymbolscanplayasignificantroleinmedicine,increasingtheresponserateofhealthsurveys.(随着智能手机的广泛使用，表情符号已经成为一种表达情感和想法的流行媒介。研究人员现在认为，这些表达符号可以在医学中发挥重要作用，提高健康调查的回复率)”可知，作者在第一段提到了智能手机的使用是为了解释为什么表情符号发展得很快。故选B。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Scientistssaythatemployingemojisinhealthcarecommunicationshasseveralbenefits,suchasgeneralrecognitionacrossdiversepopulations.(科学家表示，在医疗保健交流中使用表情符号有几个好处，比如在不同人群中得到普遍认可)”以及划线后文“communicationbetweenpatientsandphysicians”可知，在医疗保健交流中使用表情符号有几个好处，比如在不同人群中得到普遍认可，结合so为因果关系，可知作者强烈支持使用表情符号来改善患者和医生之间的沟通。故划线词意思是“改善”。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““Bypromotingmoreeffectivecommunicationbetweenpatientsandcareproviders,aswellasbetweenphysiciansthemselves,anemoji-basedlanguagesystemwithacommonagreementofmeaningscanbedeveloped,”saysProfessorKendrickDavis,whoisanassociateprofessorattheUCRSchoolofMedicine.Theprofessorhasbeenworkingoncreatinganemoji-basedmeasurementsystemforthepasttwoyears.(UCR医学院副教授肯德里克·戴维斯教授说：“通过促进患者和护理人员之间以及医生之间更有效的沟通，可以开发出一种基于表情符号的语言系统，这种语言系统具有共同的含义。”在过去的两年里，这位教授一直致力于创建一个基于表情符号的测量系统)”以及倒数第二段“Thisiswhereemojis,whicharefriendlyandwidelyused,comeintoplaybyreplacingsurveylanguagethatcanbehardforsomepatientstounderstand(这就是友好且广泛使用的表情符号取代了一些患者难以理解的调查语言的地方)”可知，肯德里克·戴维斯教授可能同意表情符号可以帮助患者更好地完成医疗调查。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“However,Davisalsoacknowledgestheimportanceofqualitative(定性的)methods.Heexpressesaninterestinpartneringresearcherswhosemethodologiesareheavilyqualitative.(然而，Davis也承认定性方法的重要性。他表示有兴趣与方法论高度定性的研究人员合作)”可知，肯德里克·戴维斯教授可能打算用定性方法与研究人员合作。故选C。DSleepisanecessarybiological(生物的)functionthathaslonginterestedscientists.Asweallknow,mostanimalssleep.Scientistshavestudiedeverythingfrommicetofruitfliesinthelabtogetabetterunderstandingofwhathappenswhenanimalssleep—andwhysomanydoit.However,gatheringdataonhowanimalssleepintheirnaturalhabitathasalwaysbeentrickyandhardtodo.Butscientistsdidjustthatwithwildchinstrappenguins(帽带企鹅)inAntarctica.Indoingso,researchersfoundbirdsinthenestingcolonytookover10,000microsleepsthroughouttheday-amountingto1lhoursofsleep.Themicrosleeplastonlyseconds.Researchersthinkthatmicrosleepsmighthelptheanimalsavoidenemiesthatmightbemorelikelytostrikeifthepenguinsareasleepforlonger—especiallywhenoneparentgoesoutfeedingintheoceanfordays,leavingtheotherparenttoprotecttheeggs.VladyslavVyazovskiy,asleepscientistwhowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,isexcitedaboutthisnewdata.“Mostofwhatweknowaboutthefundamentalbiologyofsleepwasobtainedinlaboratoryconditions,whichwerecompletelydifferentfromconditionswheresleepevolved.Contextmatters,”saysVyazovskiy.Microsleepsaremuchshorterthantheminutes-longmicronapsthathavebeenshowntobenefithumans.Andstudyco-authorPaul-AntoineLiboureliscarefultonotmixthisinsightaboutthesuccessofmicrosleepsinpenguinswiththatinhumans.“Thisisnotrelatedtohumanphysiologyandwon’ttellusmoreaboutthefunctionofhumansleep.”Tostudythepenguins,scientistsimplanteddevicesintoasmallgroupofpenguins’brainandneckmuscles.Thesebrainwaveandlocationdatacoupledwithfilmingthesebirdsinthenestgavesleepdataaboutthem.Buttheequipmenthadneverbeenusedbefore,sothisdatacollectionwasonlysupposedtobeatest.Thestudyisanearlyinsightintoarelativelylargeamountofscientificknowledgeaboutsleep.“Prettymucheverystudyonsleepingbirdsdiscoverssomethingnew,somethingwedidn’tknowbefore,”saysLibourel.12.Whatisthepenguins’takingmicrosleepsaimedat?A.Survivingtheseverecold.B.Ensuringenoughrestforgrowth.C.Securingthemselvesfromattackers.D.Buildingupenergytohuntforfood.13WhatisVladyslavVyazovskiy’sattitudetowardstheresearch?A.Favorable. B.Tolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unconcerned.14.Whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioninghumanmicronaps?A.Micronapsareofgreatbenefittohumans.B.Animalmicrosleepsdifferfromhumanmicronaps.C.Thefunctionofhumansleephasyettobefiguredout.D.Theresearchcontributestotheunderstandingofhumanmicronaps.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MostanimalsneedtotakemicrosleepsB.MicronapsareimportantforhumanhealthC.Thepenguinstakeover10,000microsleepsadayD.Scientistsshowinterestinanimals’sleepquality【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家对野生帽带企鹅睡眠模式的研究。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchersthinkthatmicrosleepsmighthelptheanimalsavoidenemiesthatmightbemorelikelytostrikeifthepenguinsareasleepforlonger—especiallywhenoneparentgoesoutfeedingintheoceanfordays,leavingtheotherparenttoprotecttheeggs.(研究人员认为，微睡眠或许可以帮助这些企鹅避免敌人。因为如果企鹅们睡得时间长一些，就更可能遭到敌人的攻击——特别是在一方父母外出到海洋觅食数天，留下另一方父母保护企鹅蛋的情况下。)”可知，企鹅进行微睡眠的目的是保护自己免受攻击者的攻击，故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“VladyslavVyazovskiy,asleepscientistwhowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,isexcitedaboutthisnewdata.“Mostofwhatweknowaboutthefundamentalbiologyofsleepwasobtainedinlaboratoryconditions,whichwerecompletelydifferentfromconditionswheresleepevolved.Contextmatters,”saysVyazovskiy.(没有参与这项研究的睡眠科学家弗拉季斯拉夫·维亚佐夫斯基对这项新数据感到兴奋。“我们关于睡眠基本生物学的知识大部分都是在实验室条件下获得的，这些条件与睡眠进化的条件完全不同。环境很重要，”维亚佐夫斯基说。)”可知，维亚佐夫斯基对这项新数据感到兴奋且认为这些数据很重要，可推理出维亚佐夫斯基对这项研究持支持的态度，故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Microsleepsaremuchshorterthantheminutes-longmicronapsthathavebeenshowntobenefithumans.Andstudyco-authorPaul-AntoineLiboureliscarefultonotmixthisinsightaboutthesuccessofmicrosleepsinpenguinswiththatinhumans.“Thisisnotrelatedtohumanphysiology,andwon’ttellusmoreaboutthefunctionofhumansleep.”(微睡眠的时间远远短于那些已被证明对人类有益的持续几分钟的小憩。该研究共同作者保罗-安东尼·利博雷尔谨慎地表示，不要把企鹅微睡眠成功的洞见与人类微睡眠的洞见混为一谈。“这与人类生理学无关，也不会告诉我们更多关于人类睡眠功能的信息。”)”可知，该研究共同作者保罗-安东尼·利博雷尔认为人类的微睡眠和动物的微睡眠不同，故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sleepisanecessarybiological(生物的)functionthathaslonginterestedscientists.(睡眠是一种必要的生物功能，长期以来一直吸引着科学家们的兴趣。)”、第三段“Butscientistsdidjustthatwithwildchinstrappenguins(帽带企鹅)inAntarctica.Indoingso,researchersfoundbirdsinthenestingcolonytookover10,000microsleepsthroughouttheday-amountingto1lhoursofsleep.(但是科学家们确实对南极的野生帽带企鹅做了这样的研究。在研究中，研究人员发现筑巢群中的企鹅一天之内要进行一万多次小睡，累计睡眠时间达到11小时)”以及最后一段“Prettymucheverystudyonsleepingbirdsdiscoverssomethingnew,somethingwedidn’tknowbefore(几乎所有关于鸟类睡眠的研究都能发现一些新东西，一些我们以前不知道的东西)”可推理出本文主要讲的是科学家对野生帽带企鹅睡眠模式的研究，故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatwillhappenifyoulookatasolareclipse(日食)?____16____,evenlookingatanypartofthesun’sraysthroughordinaryequipment,likeregularsunglasses,canresultinseriouseyedamage.Herearesomeinformationabouttherisksoflookingatthesunandhowtostaysafewhileobservingthissun’sevent.Whataretheriskstolookingatthesunwithnoeyeprotection?It’sneversafetolookdirectlyatthesun.Lookingatthesunforevenafewsecondscancause“eclipseblindness”,adangerousconditioninwhichsolarraysdamagetheeyes.____17____.ViewingasolareclipsecouldalsomakeyoureyesuncoveredwhenfacingpossiblyharmfulUV(紫外线的)rays.Thecornea,theeye’sprotectivesurface,canalsobedamagedbyUVrays,whichcausepainandpooreyesight.____18____,aswellasdamagetootherpartsinthebackoftheeyes.____19____?Duringtheeclipse,specialeclipseglassesmustbeworn.That’sbecausethesun’ssurfaceissobrightthatifyoustareatanypartofit,nomatterhowsmall,itproducesenoughlighttopermanentlydamageyoureyes.Oureyesneverdevelopedtolookatthesunwithoutsufferingseveredamage.Regularsunglassesarenotsafetouse.___20___,besuretheyaremadebyprofessionalcompanies.A.IfyoubuyeclipseglassesB.WithoutaspecificeclipseglassesC.HowcanweviewthesolareclipsesafelyD.WherecanwewatchthesolareclipsesafelyE.AprofessionalcompanywillhelpyouchoosesunglassesF.ThiscanhappenifyouarenotwearingsufficienteyeprotectionG.UVraysevencauselastingblindnessandeyeballdamageintheeyes【答案】16.B17.F18.G19.C20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了看日食存在的风险以及需要进行的保护措施。【16题详解】根据上文“Whatwillhappenifyoulookatasolareclipse(日食)?(如果你看日食会发生什么)”以及后文“evenlookingatanypartofthesun’sraysthroughordinaryequipment,likeregularsunglasses,canresultinseriouseyedamage(即使是通过普通的设备，比如普通的太阳镜，看太阳光线的任何部分，也会导致严重的眼睛损伤)”可知，本句回答上文提出的问题，结合后文可知普通的太阳镜看日食会导致眼睛损伤，说明需要特定的设备。故B选项“没有特定的日食眼镜”为后文眼睛受伤的条件，符合语境，故选B。【17题详解】根据上文“Whataretheriskstolookingatthesunwithnoeyeprotection?It’sneversafetolookdirectlyatthesun.Lookingatthesunforevenafewsecondscancause“eclipseblindness”,adangerousconditioninwhichsolarraysdamagetheeyes.(不戴护目镜看太阳有什么风险？直视太阳永远都不安全。即使只盯着太阳看几秒钟，也会导致“日食失明”，这是一种危险的情况，太阳光线会损害眼睛)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文说明直视太阳，眼睛没有保护会发生损害眼睛的情况，故F选项“如果你没有戴充足的护目镜，就会发生这种情况”符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“Thecornea,theeye’sprotectivesurface,canalsobedamagedbyUVrays,whichcausepainandpooreyesight.(眼睛的保护层角膜也会受到紫外线的伤害，从而导致疼痛和视力下降)”以及后文“aswellasdamagetootherpartsinthebackoftheeyes.(以及眼睛后部其他部位的损伤)”可知，本句与上文并列，继续说明紫外线对眼睛的伤害。故G选项“紫外线甚至会造成永久性失明和眼球损伤”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据后文“Duringtheeclipse,specialeclipseglassesmustbeworn.That’sbecausethesun’ssurfaceissobrightthatifyoustareatanypartofit,nomatterhowsmall,itproducesenoughlighttopermanentlydamageyoureyes.Oureyesneverdevelopedtolookatthesunwithoutsufferingseveredamage.Regularsunglassesarenotsafetouse.(在日食期间，必须佩戴特殊的日食眼镜。这是因为太阳的表面非常明亮，如果你盯着它的任何一部分，不管它有多小，它都会产生足够的光来永久性地伤害你的眼睛。我们的眼睛从未发育到不受严重伤害就能看太阳的程度。普通的太阳镜不安全)”以及问号可知，本句主要是引起后文如何安全观看日食的问题，故C选项“我们怎样才能安全地观看日食”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据后文“besuretheyaremadebyprofessionalcompanies(确保它们是由专业公司制作的)”可知，本句是在说明购买了日食眼镜的情况，A选项中eclipseglasses对应后文they。故A选项“如果你买日食眼镜”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MydadlovedeverythingaboutNorthernSoulmusic.He____21____inEnglandinthe1960swhenthemusicwaspopular.Hehada____22____childhoodthere.Ibelievethismusic____23____himthroughhardtimesinhislife.Attheageof57,hewasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancer.Whenhewas____24____fromthecancer,healsoturnedtohismusic.Themusicmadehim____25____andhewantedtodance.OneofthesongsIknewhe____26____was“BecauseOfYou”byJackieWilson.He____27____toldmewhyhelikedit,butafterlisteningtothe____28____ofthesong,Ibelieveditwasformymother,who____29____him.Butmymominsistedtheysavedeachother.Thesong____30____meofthetimewhenmydadandIweresittinginhislivingroomafterhewasdiagnosedwithcancerandhetoldmethiswashisfavoritesong.I_____31_____itdowninmynotesectionofmyphonebecauseIknewitwas_____32_____torememberit.Weendedup_____33_____itathismemorialservice.Italsoremindsmeofhowmymomanddad_____34_____.Mydadwasonly23andwastryingtofindhiswayin_____35_____.Mymomwas22andwasalsotryingtofindherway.Theyhelpedeachotherover40years.21.A.gotup B.grewup C.hurriedup D.stayedup22.A.different B.great C.common D.poor23.A.helped B.touched C.treated D.prevented24.A.learning B.escaping C.suffering D.recovering25.A.upset B.happy C.puzzled D.surprised26.A.desired B.taught C.preferred D.recorded27.A.ever B.still C.just D.never28.A.words B.audiences C.needs D.singers29.A.left B.lost C.believed D.saved30.A.tells B.warns C.reminds D.informs31.A.handed B.broke C.turned D.wrote32.A.important B.natural C.possible D.simple33.A.creating B.forgetting C.playing D.introducing34.A.met B.quarreled C.united D.argued35.A.advance B.life C.person D.hospital【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.C27.D28.A29.D30.C31.D32.A33.C34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍作者的父亲喜欢音乐，音乐帮助作者的父亲度过艰难的日子，并且作者记下了父亲最喜欢的歌，因为这首歌会让作者想起父母的相遇。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在20世纪60年代英国长大，当时音乐很流行。A.gotup起床；B.grewup长大；C.hurriedup赶快；D.stayedup熬夜。根据下文“inEnglandinthe1960swhenthemusicwaspopular”和常识可推测，作者的父亲在20世纪60年代的英国长大，故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在那里度过了一个不幸的童年。A.different不同的；B.great极好的；C.common普通的；D.poor不幸的。根据下文“throughhardtimesinhislife”可知，此处表示不幸的童年，故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信这种音乐帮助他度过了人生中的艰难时期。A.helped帮助；B.touched触摸；C.treated对待；D.prevented阻止。根据上文“MydadlovedeverythingaboutNorthernSoulmusic.”和下文“Whenhewas____4____fromthecancer,healsoturnedtohismusic.”可知，是音乐帮助作者的父亲度过人生中的艰难时期，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他遭受癌症折磨时，他也向他的音乐求助。A.learning学习；B.escaping逃跑；C.suffering遭受；D.recovering恢复。根据前文“Ibelievethismusic____3____himthroughhardtimesinhislife.”可知，作者的父亲遭受癌症折磨时，也是让音乐帮助他缓解疼痛，sufferfrom，意为“遭受，忍受”，符合语境，故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：音乐使他高兴，他想跳舞。A.upset不安的；B.happy高兴的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.surprised惊讶的。根据下文“hewantedtodance”可知，音乐能让他开心，故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道他更喜欢的一首歌是杰基·威尔逊的《因为你》。A.desired渴望；B.taught教；C.preferred更喜欢；D.recorded记录。根据下文“He____7____toldmewhyhelikedit”可知，此处表示的是喜欢的一首歌，故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他从来没有告诉我他为什么喜欢这首歌，但在听了这首歌的歌词后，我相信这是因为我的母亲，她拯救了他。A.ever曾经；B.still仍然；C.just只是；D.never从不。根据下文“butafterlisteningtothe____8____ofthesong,Ibelieveditwasformymother”可知，上下文为转折关系，说明父亲从未告诉作者为什么喜欢这首歌，但通过听歌词作者知道是因为母亲而喜欢那首歌，故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.words歌词；B.audiences观众；C.needs需求；D.singers歌手。根据上文“OneofthesongsIknewhe____6____was“BecauseOfYou”byJackieWilson.”可知，作者是听到了这首歌的歌词，故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.left离开；B.lost失去；C.believed相信；D.saved拯救。根据下文“Butmymominsistedtheysavedeachother.”可知，此处是save的同词复现，故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这首歌让我想起了父亲被诊断出患有癌症后，我们坐在他