2023版高考总复习英语（新高考版）专题七：语法填空专题检测

专题七语法填空Passage1话题:自行车之城——阿姆斯特丹难度:易AsanattractivecityintheNetherlands,Amsterdamisoneofthemostbicycle-friendly1(city)intheworldhavingover800,000bikesinthecapital.Bycomparison,thecityhasapopulationofonly750,000lessthanthenumberofbikes.Accordingtoasurvey2(make)5yearsago,490,000peopleusedbicycleseveryday.

Uptonow,peopleinAmsterdam3(enjoy)theconvenienceofcyclingfordecades.Thecityhasspecialfacilitiesforcyclists,4canbeusedforfree.Comparedwithothertransportationinthecity,bikesare5(clean)andlessexpensivewhilealso6(offer)healthbenefits.7reasonforbicycleridingisthatbicycletrafficis8(relative)safe.Amsterdammersrideawide9(vary)ofbicycles.ManytouristsalsodiscoverAmsterdambybike,whichis10typicalDutchway.

答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自然。本文介绍了自行车之城——阿姆斯特丹,那里的人们非常喜欢骑自行车。1.cities考查名词复数。根据oneofthe+形容词最高级+名词复数,可知空格处填cities。2.made考查动词的非谓语形式。空格处作定语,make与survey是被动关系,要用过去分词。3.haveenjoyed考查时态。根据时间状语Uptonow(到目前为止)可知,句子要用现在完成时。4.which考查非限制性定语从句。本句中specialfacilities是先行词,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语,故填which。5.cleaner考查形容词的比较级。根据Comparedwithothertransportationinthecity可知,此处含有比较意义,应该用形容词的比较级。6.offering考查动词的非谓语形式。offer与逻辑主语bikes是主动关系,要用现在分词作状语。7.Another考查限定词。上文介绍了自行车更清洁、更便宜,对健康有益。此处介绍骑自行车的另一个原因。8.relatively考查副词。修饰形容词safe要用副词形式。9.variety考查固定短语。根据awidevarietyof(各种各样的)可知,空格处要填名词。10.a考查冠词。泛指一种典型的方式,英语表达用atypicalway。Passage2话题:美国的生态型经济难度:易Forestsoflongleafpinetreesoncecoveredtwo-thirdsofthesouth-easternUS.About95%ofthoseforests1(cut)sincethebeginningofthelastcentury.Butnowtheseforestsarereturning.

Thewoodofthetreeisverystrong.MostbuildingsinthesouthernUSusedtocontainlongleafpinewood.Today,afterlongleafpineisno2(long)wantedtobuildhouses,peoplearereusingthewoodbecauseit'sstillgoodandresistswaterandinsectdamage.Thetreeisalso3(value)totheenvironmentsinceitstoresCO2initswood.

TheUSgovernmenthasseveralprogramstoprotectandexpandlongleafpineforests,oneof4istheSafeHarborProgram.5usesvoluntaryagreementswithprivatelandowners6(help)endangeredanimals.Now,farmersandlandowners7(live)inthesouth-easternUSaregrowingnewlongleafpinetrees.Insteadofcuttingthetrees8wood,theyarefindingwaystomakemoneyfromtheforestoftrees.Onewayisbysellingthe9(leaf)orneedlesofthetreesasagroundcover.Anotherwayistosellhuntingrights.Huntingwildpigs10(be)apopularsportinthesouthernUSandthefighttohuntonlandcancostfrom$200to$1,000aday.

答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自然。本文主要介绍了美国政府保护东南部长叶松森林的措施,以及当地人另辟蹊径,据此发展出“生态型经济”。1.havebeencut考查时态、被动语态和主谓一致。since表示“自……以来”,是现在完成时的标志词;forests(森林)与cut(砍伐)是被动关系,故此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。主语About95%ofthoseforests中的forests是复数,前面加百分数后仍视为复数。根据主谓一致原则,故填havebeencut。2.longer考查固定短语。nolonger意为“不再”。3.valuable/invaluable考查形容词。根据句子结构分析,这里应用形容词作表语,value可变为valuable(有价值的,有益的)或invaluable(极有用的,极宝贵的),均符合语境。4.which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,所填词引导非限制性定语从句,且和oneof一起作主语,故填which。5.It考查代词。此处的主语应指代theSafeHarborProgram,这是“一个项目”,表示单数,故使用代词It。6.tohelp考查动词不定式。uses是谓语动词,设空处为动词的非谓语形式作目的状语,故用动词不定式。7.living考查现在分词。谓语部分是aregrowing,设空处是动词的非谓语形式,live与farmersandlandowners是主动关系,故用现在分词作后置定语。8.for考查介词。根据句意可知,以前人们砍树是为了取得木材,故用介词for(为了),表示目的。9.leaves考查名词单复数。or连接并列的复数名词,故填leaves。10.is考查主谓一致。动名词短语Huntingwildpigs作主语,应视为第三人称单数,此处语境为一般现在时,描述客观事实,故填is。Passage3话题:改掉习惯难度:中Breakinghabitsishard.Thisislargelybecauseweareconstantlyexposedtostimuli(刺激物),1takecontrolofthereward-basedlearningsysteminourbrainsdesignedinitiallyfor2(survive).Reward-basedlearning,toputit3(simple),involvesatrigger(诱因),followedbyabehaviorandareward.Thesethreecomponents(trigger,behaviorandreward)showupeverytimewedowhatwedesiretodo.Andthenwegraduallyhavethehabits.

Sowhycan'twejustcontrolourselvesanddecidetoreplacebadhabitswithgoodones?4thefactthatresearchersshowthatthebrainnetworksassociatedwithself-controlarethefirsttogo“offline”when5(face)withtriggerssuchasstress,thedoctrine(学说)ofself-control6(know)fordecades.WhenIwasinmedicalschool,Iwastaughttopassaself-controlspeechontomypatients.“Needtoloseweight?Don'teatjunkfood.Trytoquit7(smoke)?Stopitanduseanicotinereplacement.”

WhenIstartedactuallypracticingmedicine,however,Iquicklylearnedthatitisimpracticalinreallife.Self-controltheorieshavemissedsomething8(critic):reward-basedlearningisbasedonrewards,notbehaviors.Howrewardingabehaviordriveshowlikelyweare9(repeat)thatbehaviorinthefuture,andthisiswhyself-controlas10approachtobreakinghabitsoftenfails.

答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自我。文章讲述了改掉习惯是很困难的,以及自我控制不能改掉习惯的原因。1.which考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句且在定语从句中作主语,故填which。2.survival考查名词。介词后跟名词,再结合句意可知,不填survivors,而填survival表达“生存”。3.simply考查副词。修饰动词put,作状语,故填simply。4.Despite考查介词。Despitethefactthat...意为“尽管……的事实”,根据句意可知,前后文是转折关系,故填Despite。5.faced考查状语从句的省略。此处是时间状语从句的省略,还原后为:whentheyarefaced...。6.hasbeenknown考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语fordecades可知用现在完成时,主语thedoctrine与谓语动词know是被动关系,且主语是第三人称单数,故填hasbeenknown。7.smoking考查动名词。quitdoingsth.是习惯用法,表示“停止做某事”。8.critical考查形容词。somethingcritical意为“一些重要的事”,修饰复合不定代词用形容词作后置定语。9.torepeat考查不定式。belikelytodosth.“很可能做某事”是固定短语,故填torepeat。10.an考查冠词。self-control是改掉习惯的一种方法,表泛指,且approach以元音音素开头。Passage4话题:北斗卫星导航系统难度:中Uptonow,55BeiDousatellites1(send)up,meaningthecompletionofChina'sself-developedBeiDouNavigation(导航)SatelliteSystem(BDS).BDSappearslater2America'sGPS,Russia'sGLONASSandEU'sGALILEO,butitcanmatchthem.Asoneofthefourth3(globe)navigationsatellitesystems,BDSinvolveseffortsofover400agenciesand300,000researchpersonnelandtechnicians.

Originally4(plan)inthe1980s,thenetworkrepresentsamilestoneinChina'sspaceeffort.BDSiscomparabletoGPSintermsofthe5(accurate)ofpositioning.Italsooffersshortmessagecommunicationandthuscanprovideemergencycommunicationsinareas6conventionalcommunicationsignalsarepoor.Inaneffort7(improve)thequalityoftheirpositioningservices,AppleandSamsungphones,amongothers,arealreadyusingBDS'ssignals,andso8(be)everyChinesebrand.

TheconstructionofcompleteBDSisahugetechnicalachievementforChinaandcan9(easy)pay10inthenearfuture.Meanwhile,BDS'sgreatcontributiontopromotingtheworld'seconomicandsocialdevelopmentaswellasthepeacefuluseofspacehasattractedtheworld'sattention.

答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。主题语境为人与社会。文章主要介绍了中国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统。1.havebeensent考查时态、被动语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Uptonow可知,用现在完成时;55BeiDousatellites与send是被动关系,且55BeiDousatellites是复数,故填havebeensent。2.than考查介词。根据比较级later可知,此处应填than。3.global考查形容词。根据句子结构可知,此处应填形容词,修饰名词短语navigationsatellitesystems。4.planned考查过去分词。空格处是句子的状语,thenetwork与plan是被动关系,所以用过去分词作状语。5.accuracy考查名词。作intermsof的宾语,应该用名词,且accuracy为不可数名词。6.where考查定语从句。此处引导定语从句,先行词是areas,且关系词在从句中作地点状语。7.toimprove考查动词的非谓语形式。inanefforttodosth.为固定短语,意为“为了做某事”。8.is考查时态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实,用一般现在时;本句为倒装句式“so+be+主语”,表示:……也是,主语everyChinesebrand是单数,故填is。9.easily考查副词。修饰谓语动词用副词,故填easily。10.off考查固定短语。payoff是一个固定短语,意为:成功,奏效。Passage5话题:传统食物——年糕难度:中Mochi(年糕)isatraditionalfoodpopularinJapanesecooking,madefrom1(special)treatedrice.Itisoftenpresentedintheformofaroundcake,andistraditionallyexchangedatNewYear.

Mochiismadeby2(put)stickyriceintowaterovernight,cookingitandpoundingitintoastickypaste.Thepasteismadeintoshapesrangingfromsimpletocomplexrounds,someof3arestuffedwithsweetfillings.Mochiisoftendecoratedwith4(flower)orfruits,especiallywhenitisexchangedas5giftatcelebrationslikebirthdaysandNewYear.

Traditionally,woodenmortars(臼)andpestles(杵)6(use)topoundmochirice.Freshmochiisusuallycookedandservedwarm7avarietyofsauces.SteamingandboilingarebothpopularpreparationsinJapan,alongwithcooking.Freshmochiissoftbutit8(hard)quickly.Prepackedmochiblocks,flattenedandcutintosquarepiecesorshapedintorounds,areavailableatgrocerystores.Mochicangobadeasily,soit's9(good)tocooksoonthantokeepitinyourfridge.

Hardmochipiecescanbecooked,deep-fried,boiled,andmore.Cookedmochiisverysticky,sobecarefulnot10(choke)onit.

答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与社会。文章介绍了一种在日本受欢迎的传统食物——年糕。1.specially考查副词。此处用副词修饰treated,故填specially。2.putting考查动词的非谓语形式。by是介词,bydoing意为“通过……方式”。3.which考查关系代词。此处引导定语从句,修饰上文的rounds,和someof一起在定语从句中作主语。4.flowers考查名词复数。flower为可数名词,与fruits并列,故此处用名词复数。5.a考查冠词。gift“礼物”是可数名词,此处表示泛指,故填a。6.areused考查动词时态和语态。主语woodenmortarsandpestles与use是被动关系,故用被动语态,且根据上下文可知这里用一般现在时,故填areused。7.with考查介词。句意:新鲜的年糕通常是煮熟的,并与各种酱料一起趁热吃。介词with表示“与……一起”。8.hardens考查时态及主谓一致。主语是it,是第三人称单数,指freshmochi,时态是一般现在时,故填hardens。9.better考查形容词比较级。根据than可知此处用形容词的比较级。10.tochoke考查动词的非谓语形式。becarefulnottodosth.“小心不要做某事”是固定结构,故填tochoke。Passage6话题:四川民间艺术——糖画难度:中ASweetArt—SugarPaintingInandaroundChina'ssouth-westernSichuanprovince,onecanoftenfindfolkartistsproducingsugar1(painting)withliquidsugaralongthestreetsandintheparks.

Accordingtosomeacademicstudies,sugarpaintingoriginatedfromtheMingDynastywhensugaranimalsandfigures2(make)inmolds(模具)aspartofasacrificeinareligiousceremony.IntheQingDynasty,sugarpaintinggainedmore3(popular).Theproductiontechniqueswereupgradedandthepatternsbecamemorevarious,mostof4stoodforgoodlucksuchasfish,dragonandmonkey.Afterward,thefolkartistsinSichuan5(develop)thisartbyaddingtechniquesoftheChineseshadowpuppetsandChinesepaper-cutting.Themoldswerealsoreplaced6asmallbronzespoon.Astimepassedby,thecontemporaryformofsugarpaintinghas7(gradual)evolved.

Althoughthenumberofsugarpaintershasdecreased,duetoitsuniquecharm,acertainnumberofartistsaremakingefforts8(preserve)itbyofferingclasses,holdingrelevantactivitiessuchassugarpaintingcontestsandapplyingfortheNationalIntangibleCulturalHeritage.

Nowadays,thisartisgettingsupportagainfromthegeneralpublic9ithasalreadybeenlistedasaprovincialintangibleculturalheritagebytheSichuangovernment.Moreover,thesugarpaintingartistshavegained10(increase)recognition.

答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与社会。文章介绍了四川民间艺术——糖画。1.paintings考查名词。painting在此处为可数名词,无不定冠词修饰和限定,用复数形式表泛指。2.weremade考查动词时态和语态。make为从句中的谓语动词,与主语sugaranimalsandfigures为被动关系,且叙述过去的情况,应用一般过去时的被动语态。3.popularity考查名词。gain获得,其后接名词作宾语,gainpopularity受欢迎。4.which考查定语从句。关系词在非限制性定语从句中和mostof一起作主语,故填which。5.developed考查动词时态。根据上下文可知,此处应该用一般过去时。6.with/by考查介词。replaceAwith/byB是固定结构,意为“用B代替A”。7.gradually考查副词。修饰hasevolved应用副词形式。8.topreserve考查动词不定式。makeeffortstodosth.尽力做某事,为固定搭配。9.and考查连词。前后分句之间为顺承关系,故填and。10.increasing考查形容词。increasing越来越多的,修饰名词recognition(认可)。Passage7话题:多站文化展难度:中Cultureisthewideningofthespiritandthemind.1(start)fromSept.5,amulti-stationexhibitionfeaturingtheculturalheritageofEuropeisopentothepublicinBeijing.Layingout38culturalroutescrossingthecontinentandbeyond,itisagooddisplayofhistory,economy,art,andwayoflife.Co-organizedbytheEUDelegationtoChinaandEU2(nation)InstitutesforCulture,theexhibition3(present)artwork,pictures,documentsandaudio-visualcontent.

Aftertheopeningceremony,ChinaDaily4(talk)withtheEuropeanUnion'sambassadortoChinatolearnaboutthevalueofculturaldiversityandhowitstrengthenspeople'sancestralroots.

AsaSinologist,Chapuis,theambassador,hasintroducedmanyChinesewriters5France.HeisalsothefirsttotranslateafullcollectionofpoemsbyDuFu.

Inhisopening6(speak)fortheexhibition,Chapuisdiscussedtheconnectionbetweeneducationandtravel,aconceptsharedinbothEuropeanandChinese7(culture).

“Confucius(孔子)lefthishometown,8countryofLu,andtravelledfromstatetostatetospreadhisideas,”hesaid.“Thereisnopersonalgrowthwithouttravelling.Andinaglobalizedworld,itiseven9(important).”

“AlltheChinesetraveltoday.Theyareonthepathofdiscovering.10theyareabroad,theydiscovertheyarenotonlyfromXi'an,BeijingorTianjin—theyarefromChina.”

答案[语篇解读]这是一篇新闻报道。主题语境为人与社会。文章介绍了由欧盟驻华代表团和欧盟国家文化研究院在北京联合举办的以欧洲文化遗产为特点的多站文化展。1.Starting考查现在分词。逻辑主语exhibition与start是主动关系,用现在分词作状语。2.National考查形容词。此处用形容词作定语,修饰Institutes,且专有名词首字母需大写。3.presents考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据上文的isopen可知,展览仍在展出,所以用一般现在时,且主语是单数,谓语要用第三人称单数形式。4.talked考查动词时态。根据上下文可知,本句为一般过去时,故填talked。5.to考查固定搭配。introduce...to...为固定搭配,意为“把……介绍给……”。6.speech考查名词。openingspeech为固定短语,意为“开幕词”,作in的宾语。7.cultures考查名词的复数。根据句意可知,欧洲文化和中国文化是两种文化,所以用复数。8.the考查冠词。of表示所属关系,所以country表特指,故填the。9.moreimportant考查形容词的比较级。根据句意以及空前的even可知,此处用形容词的比较级。10.When/If/Once/As考查时间或条件状语从句。根据句意可知,设空处可译为“如果他们在国外/当他们在国外时/一旦他们在国外”,因此,设空处缺时间或条件状语从句的引导词,故可填When/If/Once/As。Passage8话题:悉尼海边游览难度:中AsthebusdroveacrosstheSydneyHarborBridge,thecity'sfamousSydneyOperaHouse1(come)intosight.Whiteasapearl,asifnumerousseashellslinedtheshores,thegreatbuildingseemedtobloomlikeagracefullotus(荷花).Theskyabovematched2(it)beauty.TheironstructureoftheSydneyHarborBridgelookedlikeagiant'sarm,embracingtheoperahouse,crowningitthejewelofthesea.

Theboatrideafterwardswas3(extreme)amazingaswell.Platesoffood,drinksandvariousdessertsprovidedafeastfit4aking.Theboatthattransportedpassengersglidedthroughthewater,5(send)ribbonsofwavesandgentleripples(涟漪)throughthesea.Thequietharbor'smixofhills,housesandbeautifulshipsgavetheairapleasantharmony.

TheUniversityofSydneywasanotherharbor.Itwastheplace6thefamousHarryPotterserieswasshot.Thetoweringancientbuildings,withtheirfantasticcarvings,gaveme7magicalfeelingintheafternoonsun.Theirbeautywasmatchedonlybytheblossomingrosesontheground,makingtheuniversityquite8(enjoy)forstudying.

Another9(attract)wasBondiBeach.Thewhitesandwasmadesmoothbythewaves.Theblueshorelinewasmetwithongoingwaves,bluewater,clearskiesandlaughingpeople.Ihadmyslippers10(put)on,soIwalkeddownintotheshallowstofeelthesandandwaterflowovermyfeet.

Asthebrightsuncastmyshadowoverthesand,Irealizedthatthisunforgettablelandhadmadeadeepimpressiononmyheart.答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。主题语境为人与自我。文章讲述了作者在悉尼海边游览时的所见、所闻、所感。1.came考查动词时态。根据前文中的drove可知发生在过去,用一般过去时。2.its考查代词。形容词性物主代词作定语,修饰后面的名词beauty。3.extremely考查副词。修饰后面的形容词amazing,应该用副词。4.for考查介词。befitforsb.是固定短语,意为:适合某人。5.sending考查动词的非谓语形式。boat与send之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。6.where考查定语从句。关系词是代表地点的先行词place,并在从句中作地点状语。7.a考查冠词。feeling是可数名词,此处泛指“一种神奇的感觉”,且形容词magical发音以辅音音素开头,故填a。8.enjoyable考查形容词。此处作making的宾语补足语,且有副词quite修饰,故填形容词形式。9.attraction考查名词。根据前面的another以及设空处作主语可知应该用可数名词单数。10.put考查动词的非谓语形式。slippers与put之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。Passage9话题:中国成功发射天和核心舱难度:难ChinaearlieronThursdaysuccessfullylaunchedTianhefromtheWenchangSpacecraftLaunchSite,1(start)aseriesofkeylaunchmissions2aimtocompletetheconstructionofthespacestationbytheendofnextyear.

Theconstructionofthespacestationandastate-levelspacelab3(be)thekeytofulfillingthethreestrategicstepsinChina'smannedspaceprogramand4importantleadingprojectforbuildingChina's5(strong)inscience,technologyandaerospace.

China'smostadventurousspaceattempt,themultimodulespacestationnamedTiangong,willhavethreemaincomponents—acoremodule6(attach)totwospacelaboratories—withacombinedweightofnearly70tons.Thecorecapsule,namedTianhe,is16.6meterslong7hasamaximumdiameter(直径)of4.2meters.Thecraft'sweightisequal8thecombinedweightof15standard-sizedautomobiles.

Thecapsulewillbe9(centre)tothespacestation'sfutureoperations,giventhatastronautswilllivethereandcontroltheentirestationfrominside.Itwill10(use)tohostscientificandtechnologicalexperimentstoo.Theentirestationisexpectedtobecomefullyoperationalaroundtheendof2022andissettoworkforabout15years.

答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。主题语境为人与自然。文章介绍了中国成功发射天和核心舱,启动了一系列关键的太空探索任务,目的是建立空间站。1.starting考查动词的非谓语形式。分析句子可知,句子的谓语动词是launched,设空处前没有连词,故start用非谓语形式,start与逻辑主语China是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。2.which/that考查定语从句。空格处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是missions,从句缺少主语,指物,用关系代词which或that。3.is考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语是“Theconstruction”,是单数,描述现在的事实,应用一般现在时。4.an考查冠词。project“项目”是可数名词,根据句意可知,这里泛指“一个重要的主导项目”,important以元音音素开头,故填an。5.strength考查名词。名词所有格China's作定语,故用名词形式,表示“实力”。6.attached考查动词的非谓语形式。设空处作定语,修饰acoremodule,attach与acoremodule是被动关系,应用过去分词。7.and考查连词。此处描述核心太空舱,设空处连接并列谓语,故填and。8.to考查介词。beequalto意为“与……相等;等同于”,是固定短语。9.central考查形容词。be动词后应用形容词作表语。10.beused考查动词的被动语态。it指代上文提到的Thecapsule,与use是被动关系,空格前有will,故填beused。Passage10话题:早餐的价值难度:难We'veallheardthatbreakfastis1mostimportantmealintheday.Itmayactuallybetrue.Recently,astudyofmorethan50,000adultsaged30andolder2(find)thatpeoplewhohavebreakfastaremorelikelytolose3(weigh)thanthosewhodon'teatinthemorning.Otherstudiesconnectnoteatingbreakfast4ahigherriskofhighbloodpressure,heartdiseaseandsoon.

However,it'snotjustwhenyoueatthatmatters,but5youeatalsomatters.6(keep)fit,youshouldhaveabalanceddietwithprotein,fiberandhealthyfats,whichisthekeytoasatisfying7nutritiousbreakfast.Ifyouwanttokeep8(you)frombeinghungrylateroftheday,you'dbettereatwithin90minutesafterwakingup.Also,coffeedrunkonanemptystomachisnotrecommendedbecauseitcanbe9(harm)toyourbody.

Thereisanoldsayingthatadvises“Eatbreakfastlikeaking,lunchlikeaprince,anddinnerlikeabeggar.”Itisworth10(follow).

答案[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自我。我们都听说早餐是一天中最重要的一餐,研究发现,吃早餐的人比不吃早餐的人更容易减肥。1.the考查冠词。形容词最高级前需要加定冠词。2.hasfound考查时态和主谓一致。recently常和现在完成时连用,主语为study,结合主谓一致可知填hasfound。3.weight考查名词。空格处填名词,作宾语。loseweight减肥。4.with考查介词。connect表示“联系”,常和介词with搭配。5.what考查主语从句。空格处在主语从句中作eat的宾语,表示“……的东西”,用连接代词what。6.Tokeep考查不定式。根据语境可知此处作目的状语,用不定式。7.and考查连词。设空处前后是并列关系,用and连接。8.yourself考查反身代词。指主语you本身,用反身代词,表示“你自己”。9.harmful考查形容词。beharmfulto...是固定短语,意为:对……有害。10.following考查动词的非谓语形式。句意:这是值得遵循的。beworthdoing值得做。Passage11ShanghaiisawindowintoChinathatisopentotheworld.ShanghaiistheplacewheretheEastmeetstheWest,1whereChinameetstheworld.Shanghaicultureisamazing,andthecityisfilledwithsmartpeople,dynamicinteractions,a2(willing)tomoveandanappetiteforbeingmodernwhileembracingdiversityandcreating3business-friendlyenvironment.Shanghaiisapeople-centriccity.IstayedinShanghaiduringthepandemicandnowmyperceptionofthecity4(change)asIgottoknowthatitisacitythatcaresaboutitscitizens.Ifelt5(protect)andsafeduringthecrisis.IwasverytouchedwhenShanghaisetupahotlineforforeignerstohelp6(they).

Shanghaiisabigcityintheworld.Whileitis7(deep)rootedinChineseculture,Shanghaihasalsomoved8thetimesandbecomeamodernmetropolis.9Ilikemostarethetraditionalwetmarkets,restaurants10(offer)variousdishesandthenumerousculturalactivities.

答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为社会与文化。文章讲述了作者在疫情期间在上海生活的体验以及上海的特点。1.and考查连词。句意:上海是东西方交流的地方,也是中国与世界交流的地方。wheretheEastmeetstheWest和whereChinameetstheworld为并列的定语从句,修饰先行词place,故用并列连词and。2.willingness考查名词。上海的文化令人惊叹,这座城市充满了聪明的人,充满活力的互动,人们愿意变化,渴望现代化,同时这座城市包容多样性,创造了一个对商业友好的环境。根据空前的a可知,空处填名词,表示“意愿”。故填willingness。3.a考查冠词。此处的“对商业友好的环境”为单数,所以用不定冠词。故填a。4.haschanged考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意:疫情期间我住在上海,现在我对这个城市的看法已经改变了,因为我了解到它是一个关心市民的城市。结合now可知,此处强调变化对现在的影响,故用现在完成时。主语perception为单数,故填hastected考查非谓语动词。句意:在危机中,我感到受到保护和安全。动词protect与句子主语I构成被动关系,应使用过去分词作felt的表语,表示主语的状态。故填protected。6.them考查代词。句意:当上海为外国人开通热线帮助他们时,我非常感动。此处要用人称代词的宾格作宾语。故填them。7.deeply考查副词。句意:在深深扎根于中国文化的同时,上海也与时俱进,成为一座现代化的大都市。修饰动词要用副词。故填deeply。8.with考查介词。with表示“随着,顺应”,movewiththetimes表示“与时俱进”。9.What考查名词性从句。句意:我最喜欢的是传统的菜市场、提供各种各样菜肴的餐馆和众多的文化活动。主语从句中缺动词like的宾语,表示“……的东西”,故填What。10.offering考查非谓语动词。此处用非谓语动词作restaurants的后置定语并与其构成主动关系,所以用现在分词。故填offering。Passage12AccordingtoastudypublishedintheUKrecently,those1likejogginganddothiskindofexercise2(regular)foratleastonehouraweekhaveveryhighchancesoflivingalongerlife.Thestudy'sDanishresearchersare3(convince)thatchoosingthiskindofphysicalactivitycanrewardus45to6moreyearsoflife!Moreover,toachievebetterresults,theresearcherssuggest5(limit)yourselftogentlejoggingratherthanfastandtiringrunning.Theyfoundthatthe6(benefit)ofjoggingaremaximizedwhendoneat7averageorevenslowpace,andjustoneortwohoursofjoggingaweekcanbeenoughforyoutogainsuccess,regardlessofyourageor8(healthy)condition.

Thescientistsanalyzedthedataonabout20,000peopleagedbetween20and93,9(collect)forover35years.AccordingtoDr.PeterSchnohr,theleaderresearcher,joggingisassociatedwithasmuchasa44percent10(low)riskofdeath.Thelifeexpectancyincreaseinmenisasmuchas6.2years,andforwomenitisasmuchas5.6years.

答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为体育与健康。文章介绍了一项研究,说明那些喜欢慢跑并且每周至少慢跑一小时的人更有可能长寿。1.who考查定语从句。那些喜欢慢跑,经常进行这项锻炼,每周至少一个小时的人很有可能活得更长。设空处引导的定语从句修饰指人的先行词those,且设空处作主语。故填who。2.regularly考查副词。修饰动词要用regular的副词形式。故填regularly。3.convinced考查形容词。研究人员确信选择这种体育活动可以让我们多活5到6年!设空处表示“确信”,应用形容词convinced,构成beconvincedthat...结构。4.with考查介词。rewardsb.withsth.奖给某人某物。故填with。5.limiting考查动名词。为了达到更好的效果,研究人员建议限制自己只慢跑,而不长跑。suggestdoingsth.建议干某事,动名词作宾语。故填limiting。6.benefits考查名词的数。此处表示慢跑的好处被最大化。根据空格后的be动词are可知,此处主语为名词benefit的复数形式。故填benefits。7.an考查冠词。ata(n)...pace以……的速度,此处pace是泛指概念,要用不定冠词修饰。average的发音以元音音素开头,故填an。8.health考查名词。根据空格后的名词condition可知,此处应用healthy的名词形式health作定语修饰名词,表示condition的内容。故填health。9.collected考查非谓语动词。collect和所修饰的名词data之间构成被动关系,故用过去分词作后置定语,相当于whichwascollected。故填collected。10.lower考查形容词的比较级。此处表示较低的死亡风险,应用形容词比较级lower。Passage13Exercisingisnotjustimportantforyourbody,butalsoyourmind.Astudyfoundpatientswhodiddaily35-minutewalksexperienceda47%1(reduce)intheirdepressionlevels.

Inatimewhenmanypeoplearoundtheglobeareinlockdownand2(able)toattendthegym,emphasis3(place)onhomeexercising.Fearsofaninactivelifestyleandpilingonthepoundsareforcingmanytofindnovel4(way)tomovethebodyandstretchtheirmuscles.Youdon'tneedtoliftironorhaveexpensiveequipmentlikerowingandcyclingmachinestohelpyoustayfit.

Cardio(心脏强化锻炼)isdesignedtokeepyourheartrateup,andgradually5(strength)yourheartandimproveyourgeneralfitness.Manyofusareturning6activitieslikeskippingwith7oldrope,orwatchingoneofthemanyexpertswhoproduceexercisevideosonline.Walkingisanothergreataerobicactivitytohelpyouincreaseyourbloodcirculation.Therearemanyaffordablepedometerswhichcanbewornlikeawatchandused8(track)yoursteps,heartrates,sleepingpatternsandevenyourbloodoxygenationlevels.PractisingyogaorTaiChicanhelptokeepourbodiessupple,9inturncanlowerjointpainandhelptoprotectusfrominjury.Finally,strengthandresistancetrainingcanbedoneathomeby10(simple)liftingbagsofriceorboxesinsteadofheavyweightsinthegym.

答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主题语境为人与社会,主题语境内容为体育与健康。在全球许多人的活动受到限制、无法去健身房的时候,人们很重视在家锻炼,使用了很多新奇的锻炼方式。1.reduction考查名词。每天步行35分钟的患者抑郁水平降低了47%。在动词experienced和冠词a后应用名词。故填reduction。2.unable考查形容词。句意:在全球许多人的活动受到限制、无法去健身房的时候,人们很重视在家锻炼。unable意为“不能的”。故填unable。3.hasbeenplaced考查时态、语态和主谓一致。动词place和主语emphasis构成被动关系,结合下文可知此处用现在完成时表示这种情况对现在的影响。emphasis为不可数名词,故填hasbeenplaced。4.ways考查名词的数。句意:对不活跃的生活方式和体重增加的恐惧迫使许多人寻找新奇的方式来活动身体和伸展肌肉。人们找的方式不止一种,所以用名词复数。故填ways。5.strengthen考查动词。句意:心脏强化锻炼旨在维持你的心率,逐渐加强你的心脏和改善你的整体健康。根据“improveyourgeneralfitness”可知,此处应用动词原形与improve构成并列关系。故填strengthen。6.to考查固定搭配。turnto意为“求助于,转向”,为固定搭配。7.an考查冠词。此处表示“一根旧绳子”,是泛指,所以应用不定冠词。old的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。8.totrack考查非谓语动词。计步器可以像手表一样戴在身上,用来跟踪你的步数、心率、睡眠模式等。此处表示“被用来做某事”,用不定式表目的。故填totrack。9.which考查定语从句。句意:练习瑜伽或太极可以帮助我们的身体保持柔韧,这反过来可以减少关节疼痛,帮助保护我们免受伤害。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语,故填which。10.simply考查副词。力量和阻抗训练通过举大米袋子或盒子就可以在家里进行。修饰lifting应用副词。故填simply。Passage14Howtopreventbeinginfectedwiththevirus?Thereareanumberofstandardhygiene(卫生)practices1havebeenrecommendedtoprotectagainstinfectionand2(far)spread.Theseincludecoveringyourmouthandnosewhencoughingorsneezingwithamedicalmask,tissueorflexedelbow;avoidingcontactingthosewhoareunwell3(close);theappropriateuseofmasksandpersonalprotective4(equip),especiallyinahealthcaresetting;washinghandsregularlywithwaterandsoap5alcohol-basedhandsanitizer(洗手液).Actionthatcanbetakentopreventinfectionfrom6animalsourceincludes,avoidingunnecessaryunprotectedcontactwithanimals;washinghandsaftercontactwithanimalsoranimalproducts,andensuringthatanimalproductsarecookedthoroughlybeforethey7(consume).

8isimportanttostayhomeifyou'refeelingunwell.Butifyouhaveafever,cough,anddifficulty9(breathe),seekmedicalcareearlyandshareyourprevioustravelhistory10yourhealthcareprovider.

答案语篇解读本文为说明文,主题语境是人与自我。文章介绍了防止感染病毒的几种方法。1.that/which考查定语从句。限制性定语从句的先行词为practices,指物,而且定语从句中缺主语,故使用关系代词that或which。2.further考查形容词的比较级。此处表示“进一步的传播”,表示程度上更进一步,使用far的比较级further。3.closely考查副词。修饰动词contact需用副词,故此处填closely。4.equipment考查名词。形容词personal和protective修饰名词,表示“个人防护设备”,故使用equip的名词形式。equip的名词形式equipment为不可数名词,故填equipment。5.or考查连词。句中soap与alcohol-basedhandsanitizer构成选择关系,故使用连词or。6.an考查冠词。此处表示泛指,意为“动物来源”,而且animal以元音音素开头,故使用不定冠词an。7.areconsumed考查被动语态。在before引导的时间状语从句中,they与consume构成被动关系,故填areconsumed。8.It考查代词。空格处作形式主语,tostayhome为真正的主语,故使用代词it。9.breathing考查非谓语动词。havedifficulty(in)doingsth.意为“做某事有困难”,介词in可以省略,故填breathing。10.with考查介词。固定搭配sharesth.withsb.意为“与某人分享某物”。Passage15Chopsticks,orkuaiziinChinese,areapairofsmallequal-lengthsticks,usuallymadeofwood,usedforeating.WeChineseeat1chopsticks.Itisbelievedthefirstchopsticks2(develop)over5,000yearsagoinChina.The3(early)evidenceofapairofchopsticksmadeoutofbronzewasexcavated(发掘)fromtheRuinsofYinnearAnyang,HenanProvince,datingbacktoroughly1,200BC.Chopsticks,4areroughlyuniforminsizethroug