2023-2024学年译林版选择性必修第一册Unit 2 The universal language Integrated skills Extended readingProject 学案

第6讲选择性必修一Unit2Integratedskills&Extendedreading&Project目标任务目标任务课程标准学习目标围绕人与社会的主题语境，依托语篇，通过一系列英语学习活动，发展英语学科核心素养。综合运用听、说、读、看、写的技能，完成语言技能融合的活动。进行拓展阅读，通过观点表达等活动，进一步探究主题意义，获得对音乐作品和音乐家的新认识，提升对文学艺术的鉴赏能力。和同学一起开展合作学习、探究学习，完成一项综合性、实践性活动。002预习导学（一）课前阅读：IntroducingyourfavouritesingerorbandTheBeatles，英国摇滚乐队，中文名叫甲壳虫乐队，1960年成立于\t"/item/The%20Beatles/_blank"英格兰\t"/item/The%20Beatles/_blank"利物浦市，由\t"/item/The%20Beatles/_blank"约翰·列侬、\t"/item/The%20Beatles/_blank"林戈·斯塔尔、\t"/item/The%20Beatles/_blank"保罗·麦卡特尼和\t"/item/The%20Beatles/_blank"乔治·哈里森四名成员组成。乐队代表歌曲包括《RubberSoul》、《AbbeyRoad》、《Yesterday》、《Help》、《HeyJude》、《InMyLife》、《NorwegianWood》、《LetItBe》等。据了解，TheBeatles是史上最畅销的英国摇滚乐队，被誉为流行音乐史上最伟大、最具影响力且最为成功的音乐艺术家，甚至被认为重新定义了流行音乐与唱片产业。Jackyhasfoundanarticleabouthisfavouriteband.Readthearticleandpayattentiontoitsstructure.IremembergettingreadyforschoolonemorningwhentheradiopresenterannouncedthathewasgoingtoplaythelatestsinglebytheBeatles.IrusheddownthestairsasfastasIcouldtogetnearertotheradio.Thiswas1965andthewholecountrywasinastateof“Beatlemania”…andIwastheirbiggestfan!Iturnedupthevolumeandstoodstaringattheradio,holdingmybreathandwaitingforthefirstnotesofthesong.ItwasdefinitelytheBeatles.PaulMcCartney’svoicewasunmistakablebutthesoundwasdifferent.Whenthesonghadfinished,IstoodnotknowingwhetherIlikeditornot.However,thiswasnotunusual.Differentbeats,tunesandacombinationofdifferentinstrumentsmeantthatittooktimeformetouncoverthebeautyofthesong.Oncethathappened,IknewIwouldlovethesongforever.Yes,IwastheirbiggestfanandIcouldn’twaittohearthissongagainandagainuntilitbecamemyfavouritesongfrommyfavouriteband.Duringthe1960s,theBeatleswerenotjustaband;theywereaforceforchange.Theyexplodedontothemusicscenein1962asfouryoungmenwithuniquehaircuts.Theyimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeopleandsoontheyouthofthecountrywerebeingsweptalongonwavesofjoyousrockandrollmusicandthehopeforabetterfuture.Today,IhaveinmycollectioneverydiscevermadebytheBeatles.Itrulylovetheirmusicandenjoylookingattheirmusicaljourneyfrombasicrockandroll,throughtheirexperimentationwithmorecomplicatedandprogressivesounds,andthenbacktothelesscomplicatedmusicoftheirfinalrecords.WheneverIlistento“SheLovesYou”,Iaminstantlytakenbacktomyteenageyears.IcanpicturemybedroomdecoratedwithpostersoftheFabFoursmilingdownatmeandIcanseemyselfridingmybicyclethroughcountrylanessinging“yeah,yeah,yeah”atthetopofmyvoice.Yes,theBeatles’smusichasaccompaniedmethroughoutmylife.Ithashelpedmelooktothefuturewithexpectationandnowithelpsmereflectonmylifewithquietsatisfaction.阅读完上面的文章，请完成下面两项任务：任务1：Workinpairs,talkaboutyourfavouritesingerorband.Usethefollowingquestionsandexpressionstohelpyou.• Whoisyourfavouritesingerorband?• Whatdoyoulikeaboutthesingerorband?• Whatareyourfavouritesongsbythesingerorband?Howdoyoufeelwhenyoulistentothem?• Whatarethehighlightsofthesinger’sorband’smusiccareer?• Canyouthinkofamemorabletimewhenyoulistenedtothesinger’sorband’ssongs?Whatwasitlike?任务2：Writeanarticleaboutyourfavouritesingerorband.接下来我们来了解一下thegreatclassicalmusicianLudwigvanBeethoven以及他的作品《SymphonyNo.9》：第九交响曲，是由\t"/item/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D%E4%BA%A4%E5%93%8D%E6%9B%B2/_blank"路德维希·凡·贝多芬作曲，于1823年的年底完成，1824年5月7日，该曲首演于\t"/item/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D%E4%BA%A4%E5%93%8D%E6%9B%B2/_blank"维也纳凯伦特纳托尔\t"/item/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D%E4%BA%A4%E5%93%8D%E6%9B%B2/_blank"剧院。该曲一共四个乐章，一直以来，该组曲被认为是贝多芬在\t"/item/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B9%9D%E4%BA%A4%E5%93%8D%E6%9B%B2/_blank"交响乐领域的最高成就。这是贝多芬音乐创作生涯的最高峰和总结。该作品于1824年5月7日在维也纳首演，即获得巨大的成功，雷鸣般的掌声竟达五次之多。这部交响乐构思广阔，思想深刻，形象丰富多样，它扩大了交响乐的规模和范围，超出了当时的体裁和规范，变成由交响乐队、合唱队和独唱、重唱所表演的一部宏伟而充满哲理性和英雄性的壮丽颂歌。作者通过这部作品表达了人类寻求自由的斗争意志，并坚信这个斗争最后一定以人类的胜利而告终，人类必将获得欢乐和团结友爱。这部作品第四乐章的合唱部分是以德国著名诗人席勒的《欢乐颂》为歌词而谱曲的，也是该作品中最为著名的主题。从作品的酝酿到完成，第九交响曲倾尽了贝多芬数十年的心血，是其音乐生涯的登峰造极之作。全曲从头至尾的演奏时间至少需要一个小时以上，但并无任何冗长拖沓之感。（二）基础梳理1.getdowntodoing=setabout_doing_=setout_todo_开始着手做某事Agroupofartistsgotdownto_choosing_(choose)suitablemusic.2.suitable(adj.)适当的；适宜的besuitable/suitedforsth./todosth.----unsuitableHeisthesuitablepersonforthejob.Heisqualifiedforthejob.Thefieldissuitableforplantingrice/toplantrice.3.distant(adj.)遥远的；冷淡的adistantfrienddistance(n.)Therehasbeen(a)greatdistancebetweenthetwoclosefriendssincetheirquarrel.atadistance隔一段距离keepsb.atadistance保持距离,疏远inthedistance在远处4.stare(v.)stareatsb.盯着(n.)lookatsb.withacoldstare冷冷地盯着某人Iturnedupthevolumeandstoodstaringattheradio,holdingmybreathandwaitingforthefirstnotesofthesong.5.breath(n.)呼吸;微量,迹象hold/loseone’sbreath;outofbreath;takeadeepbreathHertreatmentofthesubjectwasabreathoffreshair.

她对这话题的处理令人耳目一新。breathe(v.)breathein/outbreathelifeinto注入活力If_breathed_(breathe)in,theycanresultinillnessorevendeath.6.grab(v.)(grabbing,grabbed)吸引;抓住;抓紧grabtheattentionTheyimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeopleandsoontheyouthofthecountrywerebeingsweptalongonwavesofjoyousrockandrollmusicandthehopeforabetterfuture.He

_grabbed_(grab)holdof

meandwouldn'tletgo.

他抓住我不松手。7.sweep(v./n.)(--swept--swept)席卷；打扫；吹走；清除Herushedtogreether,_sweeping_(sweep)hisarmswide.舞动双臂8.complicated(adj.)复杂的，难懂的（more/mostcomplicated）近义词complexThe

biology

of

these

diseases

isterriblycomplicated.

9.accompany(vt.)陪伴;伴随;伴奏accompanysb.=keepsb.company=keepcompanywithsb.company(un.)陪伴enjoy/appreciateone’scompanycompanion(cn.)伴侣alifecompanionAmanisknownbythe_company_(accompany)hekeeps.观其友知其人Theywentshoppingincompanywith/inthecompanyofhim.在。。。陪同下10.expectation(n.)预料,预期；期望adaptationhavegreat/high/lowexpectationsbeyondallexpectations出乎意料=unexpectedlyliveuptoone’sexpectations不辜负期望Contrarytomyexpectation,hedidn’tobjectto(反对）myplan.与我预料相反,他未反对我的计划。expect(v.)expect(sb.)todo;beexpectedtodo;expectsth.fromsb;expecttheretobeanunexpectedguest.不速之客Weexpecthardwork_from_you.=You_areexpected_(expect)toworkhard.Heturnedupas(hewas)/earlierthan_expected_(expect).Theplanetookoffas(itwas)planned.Ilookedback,half_expecting_(expect)toseesomeonefollowingme.11.remarkable(adj.)非凡的，显著的，引人注目的remarkably(adv.)Shewasa_truly_(true)remarkablewoman.

remark(v./n.)谈论remarkonsth./sb.commentonsb.makearemark(comment)12.stream(v.)鱼贯而行；流动(n.)小溪；（人、车）流streamintoatheatreTearsstreameddownhisface.

13.enthusiastic(adj.)热情的；热心的beenthusiastic/wildabout热衷于enthusiasm(n.)enthusiastically(adv.)breakintoenthusiasticcheersTheactorinspiredthekidswith_enthusiasm_(enthusiastic).14.gifted(adj.)有才华,天赋的begifted/talentedin/at…=haveagift/talentfor…15.reputation(n.)名誉，名声liveuptoone’sreputation名副其实Bythetimehewasateenager,hehadalreadyenjoyedareputationasawonderfulmusician.enjoy/earnareputation_as_agiftedmusician/forbeinggenerous16.prediction(n.)预言,预测predict(v.)predictable,unpredictable(adj.)startmaking_predictions_(predict)abouthisextraordinary(非凡)futureWhathappenednextisimpossible_topredict_(predict).It_ispredicted_(predict)thatthepricewouldcontinuetofall.He

is_unpredictable_(predict),

weeping

onemomentand

laughing

thenext.

17.depress(vt.)使抑郁,沮丧,萧条,不景气depression(n.)depressing,depressed(adj.)Women

who

eat

plentyof

fresh

vegetables

arefar

less

likely

to

sufferanxiety

or

_depression_(depress).upset(--upset--upset)(adj./vt.)难过;烦恼;使生气beupsetaboutHisfailuretodothejobupsethisfather.possess(vt.)①拥有;具有Hedecidedtogiveawayeverythinghepossessed.②控制,支配（尤用于被动语态）Allofasudden,shewaspossessedbyjealousy.被嫉妒支配③具有（某品质）bepossessedofsth.Shewaspossessedofpowersofconcentration.Hewaschargedwith_possessing_(possess)agunwithoutalicense.

他被控无照持枪。possession(n.)①拥有,占有sb.take/gain/getpossessionofsth.=possesssb.beinpossessionofsth.sth.beinthepossessionofsb…Heisinchargeofthecompany.=Thecompanyisinthechargeoftheperson.Therarestampis_in__the___possession_ofanunknowncollector.=Anunknowncollectoris_in__possession_oftherarestamp.②(C)所有物,财产Afterthefirebrokeout,allhispossessions_weredestroyed_(destroy).20.abandon(vt.)放弃,抛弃,舍弃abandonhope/one’sfamily/theplanabandononeselftodeepsorrow悲伤/despair绝望/theInternet陷入,沉湎于（某种感情）Ifyouabandonyourdreams,youwon’tachievesuccess.若放弃梦想就不会成功。abandoned(adj.)被抛弃的,被遗弃的--同义词desertedan_abandoned_babydesperate(adj.)1)绝望的2)不惜冒险的adesperatecriminal亡命之徒Theymadeadesperateeffort/attempttorescue营救thechild.cometoone’srescue3)极需要的bedesperatefor/todo(eager/anxious)Havingsuffered_(suffer)fromthewarfortoolong,Syriansweredesperateforpeace.4)极严重的indesperateneedoffaceadesperateshortageofwaterdesperately（adv.）绝望地,不顾一切地；非常,极其Heisdesperatelybusylately.Hetrieddesperatelytoconvey传达howurgentthesituationwas.desperation（n.）indesperation拼命地；绝望中22.ease(v.)宽慰；缓解ease/relievethesufferingsofthedying/theconsiderablepressure(n.)容易；舒适livealifeofeasefeelatease感到自在dosth.withease=dosth.easily23.genius(n.)天赋；天才showhisgeniusasacomposerHehasagenius/giftformakingpeoplefeelatease.Einstein

wasa

scientist

who

disliked

_beingcalled_(call)a

genius.

（三）预习作业1.预习第三单元Theartofpainting的welcome部分2.预习第三单元Theartofpainting的Reading部分文章“Firstimpressions”003探究提升环节一变：单词拼写1.Heisamanofm____________interests,sohealwayshasfunweekends.2.Achild’svocabularye____________throughextensivereading.3.Obviously,theboynoticedhisshoelacecomel__________,buthedecidedtoignoreit.4.Nomatterhowp____________andboringtodayis,itisatthemercyofourhands.5.Afterplayingfootballforanhour,hestoppedanddrankalargeglassofwaterwithas____________oflemon.6.Ididn’tfeelthatthiswasa(n)____________(合适的)timetomentionthesubject.7.Itis____________(估计)that80％ofallconversationinEnglishissmalltalk.8.Don’tallowyourkidtospoilhis__________(胃口)byeatingbetweenmeals.9.Alawoftenresultsfromchoicesrootedinfundamentalsocialconceptslikelibertyand____________(所有权).10.Mostofthetransparentanimalsareextremely____________(娇弱的)andcanbedamagedbysimpletouch.11．Theteamsnatcheda_______________(戏剧性的)victoryinthelastminuteofthegame.12．Intimeofwar，lotsofmoneywillbespentin________(防御)acountryfrombeingattacked.13．Wedidalotfortheelderlyatthenursinghome，cleaningtheirrooms，washingclothesforthemand_____________(陪伴)them，whichmadethemveryhappy.14．Shedevotesherselftoteaching，whichearnsheragood_________(名声)．15．Don’tloseheart.Theproblemisnotas_______________(复杂的)asyouimagined.【答案】multiple2.expands3.loose4.plain5.slice6.appropriateestimated8.appetite9.property10.delicate11.dramatic12.defending13.accompanying14.reputation15.complicated环节二变：单句语法填空1．TheMonaLisawaspaintedbyLeonardodaVinci，agifted(gift)，andskilledpainterintheRenaissance.2．Helostallhispossessions(possess)inthebigfire，andasaresult，hebecameratherdepressed.3．Humanbeingswillcontinuetoadapttothechangingclimateinbothordinaryandastonishingways.4．Theyshouldabandonplaying(play)computergamesandcheatingintheexams.Ifso，theywillmakegreatprogressintheirstudy.5．ThefirsttimeImethim，heremarkedthatIwouldbetransformedintoagentlemanwithgoodmanners.6．Assoonasthedirectorarrivedthere，hegotdowntolooking(look)forasuitableplaceforshootinghisnewfilm.环节三变：语法填空DietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry1(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover2past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.

Atasteformeatis3(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn’srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice4(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater5riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)run-off.Thisswitchhasdecreased6(pollute)inthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.

AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal7(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment8(start)asoil-testingprogram9givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers—and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile10(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.

【答案】1.hasgrown 2.the 3.actually 4.toimprove 5.than6.pollution 7.global 8.started 9.that/which 10.feeding1.掌握本章节的重点词汇：1.掌握本章节的重点词汇：breathremarkablepredictiondepressstaregrabcomplicatedaccompanyexpectation

enthusiasticgiftedreputationpossessabandondesperategeniusgrand2.学会用英语书写关于“最喜欢的音乐家或者音乐作品”的文章3.知道伟大音乐家贝多芬的相关事迹和他的作品04体系构建005记忆清单一、重点词汇词性拓展1.adj.遥远的,远处的,久远的;冷淡的;远亲的→n.距离;远处;冷淡,疏远v.拉开距离;与…疏远→adv.冷淡地;遥远地;模糊地

2.n.呼吸的空气;一次吸入的空气;微量,迹象→v.呼吸;呼气

3.adj.特别的,不寻常的;独特的,与众不同的→adj.寻常的,惯常的,通常的→adv.通常,经常地

4.adj.非凡的,奇异的,显著的,引人注目的→n.言论,评论v.评论,谈及,谈论

5.n.预言,预测→adj.可预见的→v.预言;预报

6.v.使抑郁,使沮丧;使萧条,使不景气→n.不景气;沮丧,消沉→adj.抑郁的n.抑郁症患者7.

stare

vi

盯着看，凝视，注视-------------stareatsb/sth----------glare怒视8.

grab

vt&vi

吸引；抓住；赶紧，抓紧------grabbed/grabbed9.

complicated

adj

复杂的，难懂的-------complex复杂的10.

accompany

vt

陪同，陪伴；伴随，与...同时发生；为...伴奏--------company名词陪伴11.

expectation

n

希望,盼望；预料,预期；期望,指望-------beyondone’sexpections无法预料，意料之外12.

enthusiastic

adj

热情的，热心的-------------enthusiasm名词热情13.

vast

adj

大量的，辽阔的，巨大的14.

gifted

adj

有才华的，有天赋的---------talented15.

reputation

n

名誉，名声-----------fame名声16.

upset

adj

难过的，失望的

vt

使烦恼；搅乱；打翻------upset/upset17.

possess

vt

具有(特质)；拥有；支配，控制---------possession名词财产，所有物18.

abandon

vt

中止，放弃，不再有；抛弃；舍弃----------quit放弃19.

desperate

adj

绝望的；不惜冒险的；极其需要的；极严重的-----------bedesperateforsth-----------bedesperatetodosth20.

uplifting

adj

令人振奋的，鼓舞人心的-----------uplift动词鼓舞；振奋21.

ease

n

容易，轻易；舒适，安逸--------------withease舒服地

vt&vi(使)宽慰，减轻------relieve动词减轻、宽慰22.

genius

n

天赋，天资；天才-------gift/talent23.

grand

adj

宏大的，宏伟的；壮丽的，堂皇的【答案】1.distant;distance;distantly2.breath;breathe

3.unusual;usual;usually4.remarkable;remark5.prediction;predictable;predict6.depress;depression;depressive二、词组集锦1.开始做某事,开始认真注意(或对待)某事2.上演;穿上;增加

3.突然,猛地

4.becapableof

5.sendout

6.aswellas

7.beinastateof

8.turnup

9.take...backto10.reflecton

11.berelatedto

12.acrowdof

13.breakinto

14.bedeterminedtodosth

15.avarietyof16.withease

17.beregardedas【答案】getdownto(doing)sth.2.puton3.allofasudden4.能够…;可以……5.发送;放出;派遣6.除……之外;也7.处于一种……的状态中8.出现;将(音量)调大9.将……带回到……认真思考;沉思11.与…有关;向……讲述12.一群……13.强行闯入;突然开始14.决定做某事15.各种各样的16.轻松地,不费力地17.被视为060601强化训练一、七选五Inthemostbasicsense,self-regulation(自我调节)involvescontrollingone'sbehaviourandthoughtsinpursuit(追求)oflong-termgoals.Generally,peoplewhoaregoodatself-regulatingtendtoseethegoodinothersandviewchallengesasopportunities.Theyexactlyknowwhattheywanttoachieve,actinaccordancewiththeirviews,anddevotetheirbesteffort.____36________37____Abad-temperedchildwhohitsotherswon'tbepopularatschool.Anadultwithpoorself-regulationskillsmaylackself-confidence.Hemayhavedifficultyhandlingstress,andoften,thismightbeexpressedintermsofangerandanxiety.Howdoproblemswithself-regulationdevelop?Itcouldstartearlywhenababyisn'ttreatedwithenoughcare.___38___Later,anadultmaystrugglewithself-regulation,eitherbecausethisabilitywasn'tdevelopedduringchildhood,orbecauseofalackofskillsinmanagingdifficultfeelings.Whenleftunchecked,overtimethiscouldleadtoriskybehavioursuchastakingdrugs.___39___Oneofthemostfrequentlyusedmethodsistochangeyourthoughtpatterns,whichmeansthatyouthinkaboutasituationinapositiveway,ratherthanonethat'slikelytoincreasenegativeemotions.___40___Ratherthanthinkingthatthisreflectssomethingaboutyourselfsuchas“Myfriendhatesme”,youmightinsteadthink,“Myfriendmustbereallybusy.”A.Trytocheeryourselfupafterdisappointment.B.Dotheusualseriesofthingsataparticulartime.C.Achildwhodoesn'tfeelsafemayhavetroubleself-regulating.D.Alackofself-regulationwillcauseproblemsinlife.E.Anyhow,self-regulationissoimportantthatweshouldlearntousethisskill.F.Forexample,imagineafriendwhodoesn'treturnyourcallsortextsforseveraldays.G.Alsotheycancalmthemselveswhenfeelingupsetandcheerthemselveswhenfeelingdown.【答案】36.G37.D38.C39.E40.F【语篇解读】本文为一篇议论文。论述了自我调节在一个人一生中所起的作用，和自我调节失去平衡的问题起源，并且提出了解决方案。【36题详解】根据前文Theyexactlyknowwhattheywanttoachieve,actinaccordancewiththeirviews,anddevotetheirbesteffort.(他们清楚地知道自己想要实现什么，按照自己的想法行事，并尽自己最大的努力)可知，G项Alsotheycancalmthemselveswhenfeelingupsetandcheerthemselveswhenfeelingdown.(当他们感到沮丧的时候，他们也可以让自己平静下来，当他们感到低迷的时候，他们也可以让自己高兴起来)承接并解释上文。故选G项。【37题详解】根据后文Abad-temperedchildwhohitsotherswon'tbepopularatschool.Anadultwithpoorself-regulationskillsmaylackself-confidence.Hemayhavedifficultyhandlingstress,andoften,thismightbeexpressedintermsofangerandanxiety.(一个坏脾气的孩子打别人是不会在学校受欢迎的。缺乏自我调节能力的成年人可能缺乏自信)可知，D项Alackofself-regulationwillcauseproblemsinlife.(缺乏自我调节会给生活带来问题)总领下文。故选D项。【38题详解】根据前文Itcouldstartearlywhenababyisn'ttreatedwithenoughcare.(婴儿在得不到足够的照顾时，自我调节问题就会开始)及后文Later,anadultmaystrugglewithself-regulation,eitherbecausethisabilitywasn'tdevelopedduringchildhood,orbecauseofalackofskillsinmanagingdifficultfeelings.(随后，一个成年人可能会与自我调节斗争，要么因为这种能力不是在童年时期发展起来的，要么因为缺乏管理困难情绪的技能)可知，C项Achildwhodoesn'tfeelsafemayhavetroubleself-regulating.(儿童时期的孩子如果没有安全感，也会引发自我调节问题)承上启下，从婴儿到儿童时期再到成年时期。故选C项。【39题详解】根据后文Oneofthemostfrequentlyusedmethodsistochangeyourthoughtpatterns,whichmeansthatyouthinkaboutasituationinapositiveway,ratherthanonethat'slikelytoincreasenegativeemotions.(最常用的方法之一是改变你的思维模式，这意味着你以一种积极的方式思考一个情况，而不是一个可能增加消极情绪的情况)可知，E项Anyhow,self-regulationissoimportantthatweshouldlearntousethisskill.(无论如何，自我调节是如此重要，我们应该学会使用这一技能)能引领并解释下文。故选E项。【40题详解】根据后文Ratherthanthinkingthatthisreflectssomethingaboutyourselfsuchas“Myfriendhatesme”,youmightinsteadthink,“Myfriendmustbereallybusy.”(与其认为这反映了一些关于你自己的事情，比如“我的朋友恨我”，不如认为“我的朋友一定很忙。”)可知，F项Forexample,imagineafriendwhodoesn'treturnyourcallsortextsforseveraldays.(例如，想象一个朋友几天不回你电话或短信)引出下文，符合此处语境。故选F项。二、阅读理解CStevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe’sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.WhatisevenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein’sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts(收银台).Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers’argument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon’tdispute(质疑)thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.28.WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?A.Helpincreasegrocerysales.B.Recyclethewastematerial.C.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.D.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.29.Whatdoestheword“headwinds”inparagraph2referto?A.Bansonplasticbags.B.Effectsofcitydevelopment.C.Headachescausedbygarbage.D.Plasticbagshungintrees.30.Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?A.Theyarequiteexpensive.B.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.C.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.D.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Plastic,PaperorNeitherB.Industry,PollutionandEnvironmentC.RecycleorThrowAwayD.GarbageCollectionandWasteControl【答案】28.D29.A30.D31.ADFiressweepingacrosstheAmazonrainforestthisyearhavebeenahottopicasscientistsandenvironmentalgroupsareworriedthattheywillworsentheclimatechangecrisisandthreatenbiodiversity.Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,theAmazonrainforestisoftencalled"thelungsoftheworld".Itisalsohometoabout3millionspeciesofplantsandanimals,and1millionnativepeople.Thevastareasoftherainforestplayanimportantroleintheworld’secosystembecausetheyabsorbheatinsteadofitbeingreflectedbackintotheatmosphere.Theyalsostorecarbondioxideandproduceoxygen,ensuringthatlesscarbondioxideisreleased,mitigatingtheeffectsofclimatechange."Anydestroyedforestisathreattobiodiversityandpeople,"ThomasLovejoy,anecologistatGeorgeMasonUniversitytoldNationalGeographic."Theoverwhelmingthreatisthatalotofcarbondioxidegoesintotheatmosphere,"hestressed."Inthemidstoftheglobalclimatecrisis,wecannotaffordmoredamagetoamajorsourceofoxygenandbiodiversity.TheAmazonrainforestmustbeprotected,"U.N.SecretaryGeneralAntónioGuterressaid.DatafromtheNationalInstituteforSpaceResearch(INPE)showthatthenumberofforestfiresinBrazilquicklyincreasedby82percentfromJanuarytoAugustthisyearcomparedtothesameperiodlastyear.Atotalof71,497forestfireswereregisteredinthecountryinthefirsteightmonthsof2019,upfrom39,194inthesameperiodin2018,INPEsaid."WeestimatethattheforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonrainforesthavedecreasedbybetween20and30percentcomparedtothelast12months,"CarlosNobre,aresearcherattheUniversityofSãoPaulo,toldGermanbroadcasterDeutscheWelle.Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforest,whosedegradation(恶化)couldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalclimateandrainfall.Theextentofthearearuinedbyfireshasyettobedetermined,buttheemergencyhastranscended(超出)Brazil’sborders,reachingPeruvian,ParaguayanandBolivianregions.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mitigating"inparagraph2probablymean?A.Increasing. B.Relieving.C.Ignoring. D.Improving.33.WhatcanwelearnfromThomas’sandAntónio’swords?A.Thebiodiversitymakestherainforestunique.B.Therainforestfiresresultinseriousconsequences.C.Theglobalclimatecrisisbringsmorerainforestfires.D.Thedryweatherleadstotherainforestfires.34.Whydoestheauthorlistthenumbersinparagraph4?A.Toprovetheimportanceoftherainforest.B.Toshowreasonsforforestfires.C.Toexplaintheprocessoftheresearch.D.Topresentthereductioninrainforestareas.35.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A.Theclimatechangecrisisisworsening.B.Theforestareasareonthedecline.C."Thelungsoftheearth"isburning.D.Theworld’secosystemisunderattack.【答案】32.B33.B34.D35.C三、读后续写Mydaysalwaysstartedwithatwo-tofour-milerunonanearbygreenway.Forabouttwoyears,Ihadaveryfaithfulrunningpartner.Thisgiant,orangetabbycatwasprobablythegentlestcatIhadeverencountered.Hewouldseemeclimbingthehillandjoinin,runningalongsidemeforaboutaquartermileuntilhemeowedenoughtogetmetostopandpethim.Afewminuteslater,whenIattemptedtorestartmyrun,hewouldwindaroundmyanklestokeepmelonger.Althoughhewasaratherfatfellow,Ialwaysbroughthimsomecatfood.Onfair-weatherafternoons,Iwouldpickupmy