高考英语阅读中的难词 高三下学期英语作文复习专项

高考英语阅读理解高频难词题型分析01高频词汇：1.alterv.改变,改动,变更2.burstvi./n.突然发生,爆裂3.disposevi.除掉；处置；解决；处理(of)4.blastn.爆炸；气流vi.炸,炸掉5.consumev.消耗,耗尽6.splitv.劈开；割裂；分裂a.裂开的7.spitv.吐（唾液等）；唾弃8.spillv.溢出,溅出,倒出9.slipv.滑动,滑落；忽略10.slidev.滑动,滑落n.滑动；滑面；幻灯片11.bacterian.细菌12.breedn.种,品种v.繁殖,产仔13.budgetn.预算v.编预算,作安排14.candidaten.候选人15.campusn.校园16.liberala.慷慨的；丰富的；自由的17.transformv.转变,变革；变换18.transmitv.传播,播送；传递19.transplantv.移植20.transportvt.运输,运送n.运输,运输工具21.shiftv.转移；转动；转变22.varyv.变化,改变；使多样化23.vanishvi.消灭,不见24.swallowv.吞下,咽下n.燕子25.suspicionn.怀疑,疑心26.suspiciousa.怀疑的,可疑的27.milda.温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的28.tendera.温柔的；脆弱的29.nuisancen.损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或事物）30.insignificanta.无意义的,无足轻重的；无价值的31.acceleratevt.加速,促进32.absolutea.绝对的,无条件的；完全的33.boundaryn.分界线,边界34.braken.刹车,制动器v.刹住（车）35.catalogn.目录（册）v.编目36.vaguea.模糊的,不明确的37.vainn.徒劳,白费38.extincta.绝灭的,熄灭的39.extraordinarya.不平常的,特别的,非凡的40.extremea.极度的,极端的n.极端,过分41.agentn.代理人,代理商；动因,原因42.alcoholn.含酒精的饮料,酒精43.appealn./vi.呼吁,恳求44.appreciatevt.重视,赏识,欣赏45.approvev.赞成,同意,批准46.stimulatevt.刺激,激励47.acquirevt.取得,获得；学到48.accomplishvt.完成,到达；实行49.networkn.网状物；广播网,电视网；网络50.tiden.潮汐；潮流51.tidya.整洁的,整齐的52.tracevt.追踪,找到n.痕迹,踪迹53.torturen./vt.拷打,折磨54.wandervi.漫游,闲逛55.waxn.蜡56.weavev.织,编57.preservev.保护,保存,保持,维持58.vaguea.模糊的,不明确的59.vainn.徒劳,白费60.extincta.绝灭的,熄灭的61.abusev.滥用,虐待；谩骂62.academica.学术的；高等院校的；研究院的63.academyn.（高等）专科院校；学会64.batteryn.电池（组）65.barriern.障碍；棚栏66.cargon.（船、飞机等装载的）货物67.careern.生涯,职业68.vesseln.船舶；容器,器皿；血管69.verticala.垂直的70.obligev.迫使,责成；使感激71.obscurea.阴暗,模糊72.extentn.程度,范围,大小,限度73.exteriorn.外部,外表a.外部的,外表的74.externala.外部的,外表的,外面的75.petroln.汽油76.petroleumn.石油77.delayvt./n.推迟,延误,耽搁78.decayvi.腐烂,腐朽79.decenta.像样的,体面的80.routen.路；路线；航线81.ruinv.毁坏,破坏n.毁灭,[pl.]废墟82.saken.缘故,理由83.satelliten.卫星84.scalen.大小,规模；等级；刻度85.templen.庙宇86.tediousa.乏味道,单调的,87.tendvi.易于,趋向88.tendencyn.趋向,趋势89.ultimatea.极端的,最大的,最终的n.极端90.undergov.经历,遭受91.abundanta.丰富的,充裕的,大量的92.adoptv.收养；采用；采纳93.adaptvi.适应,适合；改编,改写vt.使适应94.bachelorn.学士,学士学位；单身汉95.casuala.偶然的,碰巧的；临时的；非正式的96.trapn.陷阱,圈套v.设陷阱捕捉97.vacanta.空的,未占用的98.vacuumn.真空,真空吸尘器99.orala.口头的,口述的,口的100.opticsn.（单、复数同形）光学101.organn.器官,风琴102.excessn.过分,过量,过剩103.expelv.驱逐,开除,赶出104.expendv.消费105.expendituren.支出,消费；经费106.expensen.开销,费用107.expensivea.花钱多的；价格高贵的108.expandv.扩大,扩张；展开,膨胀109.expansionn.扩大,扩充；发展,膨胀110.privatea.私人的,个人的111.individuala.个别的,单独的n.个人,个体112.personala.个人的,私人的；亲自的114.personneln.[总称]人员,员工；人事部门115.thePacificOcean太平洋116.theAtlanticOcean大西洋117.theArcticOcean北冰洋118.theAntarcticOcean南冰洋119.grantvt.授予,同意,准予119.granda.宏伟大,壮丽的,重大的120.invadev.侵入,侵略,侵袭121.acidn.酸,酸性物质a.酸的；尖刻的122.acknowledgev.承认；致谢123.balconyn.阳台124.calculatevt.计算,核算125.calendarn.日历,月历126.optimistica.乐观127.optionala.可以任选的,非强制的128.outstandinga.杰出的,突出的,显著的129.exportn.出口（物）v.出口,输出130.importn.进口（物）v.进口,输入131.imposevt.把...加强(on)；采用,利用132.religionn.宗教,宗教信仰133.religiousa.宗教的134.victimn.牺牲品,受害者135.videon.电视,视频a.电视的,录像的136.videotapen.录像磁带v.把...录在录像带上137.offendv.冒犯,触犯138.botherv.打搅,麻烦139.interferev.干涉,干扰,妨碍140.internala.内部的,国内的141.beforehandad.预先,事先142.raciala.人种的种族的143.radiationn.放射物,辐射144.radicala.根本的；激进的145.rangen.幅度,范围v.（在某范围内）变动146.wondern.惊奇,奇迹v.想知道,对...感到疑惑147.isolatevt.使隔离,使孤立148.issuen.问题,争论点；发行,（报刊）一期149.hollowa.空的,中空的,空虚道150.hookn.钩vt.钩住151.adequatea.适当地；足够152.adherevi.粘附,附着；遵守,坚持153.banvt.取缔,禁止154.capturevt.俘虏,捕获155.valida.有效的,有根据的；正当的156.valleyn.山谷,峡谷157.consistenta.坚固定；一致的,始终如一的158.continuousa.继续的,连续（不断）的159.continuala.不断地,频繁的160.explodev.爆炸；爆发；激增模拟练习02StephenHawking(霍金),oneofthemostinfluentialphysicistsofthetwentiethcenturyandperhapsthemostfamousscientistofcontemporaryscience,hasdiedattheageof76.Hisdeathwasmarkedbystatementsfromscientistsaroundtheworld.NeilTyson,directoroftheHaydenPlanetariuminNewYorkCity,wroteonTwitter:“Hispassinghasleftanintelligentvacuum(真空).Butit’snotempty.Thinkofitasakindofvacuumenergy(ascientificterm)spreadingthroughoutspacetime.”“Thereactionamongphysicistsisjustterribleshockandsadness,”saysMalcolmPerry,aCambridgetheoreticalphysicistwhowasastudentofHawking’sintheearly1970s.“Hewasatrulyextraordinaryman,”saysRogerPenrose,atheoreticalphysicistattheUniversityofOxford,UK,whoin1970co-authoredadeeplyinfluentialpaperwithHawkingonthenatureofblackholes.AnotherofHawking’sformerstudentsatCambridge,theoreticalphysicistRaphaelBousso,toldNaturethathisteacherwasabrilliantphysicistwhoalsoexcelledatcommunicatingsciencetothepublic.“Thesearetwooutstandingskills.Stephenexcelledatboth.”RaphaelBousso,nowattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,recallshowhehadtolearntoshakeoffhisawe(敬畏)andrelaxaroundHawking.“Stephenwasajoyfulandlight-heartedperson,nottobeburdenedbymuchtoorespectfulandcomplexinteractions(交往),”hesays.21.WhatdifferentrelationtoHawkingdoesRogerPenrosehavefromtheotherscientistsabove?A.RogerPenrosewasHawking’sco-writer. B.RogerPenrosewasHawking’steacher.C.RogerPenrosewasHawking’sassistant. D.RogerPenrosewasHawking’sstudent.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“both”inParagraph4refersto?A.Anexcellentteacherandabrilliantphysicist.B.Abrilliantphysicistandanexcellentspeaker.C.Trainingabrilliantphysicistandcommunicatingwellwiththepublic.D.Doingscientificresearchesandcommunicatingsciencetothepublic.23.WhatkindofpersonwasHawkingaccordingtoRaphaelBousso? A.Anobleman. B.Amanofhonour. C.Agreatbutsimpleman. D.Amaneasytodealwith.【答案】21—23ADC【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。霍金去世。世界各地科学家以极高的评价来怀念他。学科*网21.A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“whoin1970co-authoredadeeplyinfluentialpaperwithHawkingonthenatureofblackholes”可知A项正确。Who此次连接定语从句并指代RogerPenrose。22.D词义理解题。根据第四段中的“histeacherwasabrilliantphysicistwhoalsoexcelledatcommunicatingsciencetothepublic.“Thesearetwooutstandingskills.”可知D项正确。才华横溢的科学家(abrilliantphysicist)，可理解为擅长做科研工作(doscientificresearches)。其它选项都是部分正确、部分错误。23.C推理判断题。根据第四段“abrilliantphysicist”,和最后一段中的“nottobeburdenedbymuchtoorespectfulandcomplexinteractions”oneofthebesthopesforatheoryofeverything”可推测出C项正确。Onthefirstdayofhispresidency,DonaldTrump(特朗普)beganmakingchangestothepoliciesofearlierpresidents.AdocumentreleasedbythenewTrumpWhiteHousesaidthepresidentwouldsoonwithdrawfromthe12-nationTrans-PacificPartnershiptradeagreement(12国跨太平洋伙伴贸易协定).ThefreetradedealwasnegotiatedbytheObama(奥巴马)administration.TheWhiteHousewebsitesaidTrumpwouldalsoworktorenegotiatetheNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreementknownasNAFTA.＂IfourpartnersrefusearenegotiationthatgivesAmericanworkersafairdeal,thenthePresidentwillgivenoticeoftheUnitedStates’intenttowithdrawfromNAFTA,＂aWhiteHousestatementsaid.Neitheractionwasasurprise.Duringthepresidentialcampaign,TrumpsaidbadtradedealshadhurtemploymentinAmerica.TheNAFTAagreementremovedmosttariffs(关税)onproductstradedbetweentheUS,CanadaandMexico.ItwassignedbyPresidentBillClintonin1993.TheTrumpadministrationalsosaiditisreadytocancelwhatitcalled,＂harmfulandunnecessarypolicies.＂AmongthemistheObamaadministration’splantoreducepollutantsfromcoal-poweredelectricityplants.Theclimateplanwasdesignedtocutgasesthatcauseglobalwarming.Anotherisacleanwaterruletoprotectsmallwaterwaysandwetlands(水域和湿地)fromdevelopmentbytheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency.Trumphassaidhewantstocancelandreplaceathirdpolicy,thenationalhealthcarelaw,knownas＂Obamacare.＂TheTrumpadministrationhaspromisedothermajorchanges.Ineducation,forexample,thereareplanstogiveparentsmorechoiceinselectingschoolsfortheirchildren,includingprivate,religiousschools.25.WhowouldhavetheU.S.withdrawfromthefreetradedealnegotiatedbytheObamaadministration?A.TheObamaadministration. B.ThenewTrumpWhiteHouse.C.TheTrumpadministration. D.DonaldTrump.26.InwhichcasewillDonaldTrumpgettheUScontinuetoobserveNAFTA?A.CanadaandMexicoagreetoofferAmericanworkersafairdeal.B.CanadaandMexicoagreetorenegotiateNAFTA.C.CanadaandMexicoagreetoofferworkersafairdeal.D.ThepartnersrefusearenegotiationthatoffersAmericanworkersafairdeal.27.Howmanyp