2024年中考英语阅读理解提分要义-判断正误型阅读

(4)判断正误型阅读一一2024届中考英语阅读理解提分要义

提分要点\

Step1阅读原文，捕捉信息，理解大意

通读原文，捕捉文中信息，抓住内容梗概，理解短文大意，理清全文脉络。

Step2审读题目，找出相关依据

读懂短文内容后再审读题目，把握每个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出与

每个问题相关的段落或关键词句，再进行判断。只有完全符合文意的句子，才能判定为正确,

要从文章的具体段落和句子中找到依据，并认真进行比较、分析。不能凭印象想当然，胡乱

猜测。

Step3浏览题目，复读全文，捕捉信息

完成正误判断后重读短文，加深对短文的理解，在此基础上对每道题复查。

答题注意事项

•正琥项的特征：

对原句的关键词进行替换；

有时有词性或语态上的变化；

语气简化；

正话反说

干战项的特征：

无中生有；

偷换概余；

表述不准确；

与中信息意义相反

提分训练'

ThereisaChinesesaying”千里送鹅毛，礼轻情意重”.Whatdoesswanfeather（天鹅羽毛）

meaninthissaying?Doyouknow?

ThissayingcomesfromahistoricbookcalledLuShi（《路史》）.Accordingtothestory,aTang

DynastyofficialinYunnanwantedtoshowhisrespecttotheemperor.HesentamannamedMian

Bogaotobringsomegiftstotheemperor.Oneofthegiftswasabeautifulswan,whichwasavery

valuablegiftatthetime.

Miantookgoodcareoftheswanonhiswaytotheemperor.Oneday,hepassedbyalakeand

wantedtolettheswandrinksomewater.Butassoonashesettheswanfree,theswanflewaway,

leavingonlysomefeathersontheground.Mianwasveryworried,buthedidn'ttrytorunaway.He

decidedtotelltheemperorwhathappened.Hepickedupafeatherandkeptgoingonhistrip.

WhenMianmettheemperor,hetoldhimwhathappenedandsaid,"Thisswanfeatherislight,

butitcarriesmydeeprespectforyou."TheemperorwashappywithMian'shonestyandsincerity.

HeforgaveMian.Peoplenowusethissayingtoshowthatagoodgiftdoesn'thavetobeexpensive.

Whatmattersisthesincerityitcarries.

根据语篇内容，判断下列句子正（J）误（X）。

1.ThestoryaboutthesayinghappenedinTangDynasty.

2.TheofficialandMianBogaobroughtsomegiftstotheemperor,includingabeautifulswan.

3.OnedayMianlettheswanswiminthelakeandtheswanflewaway.

4.Mianpickedupafeatherandgaveittotheemperor.

5.Fromthestoryweknowthesayingmeansthesincerityagiftcarriesmeansmorethanitsprice.

二、

Itwasaschooltrip.Allofuswerehungryforitforlong.IwenttoChangbaiMountainwithmy

classmatesatthebeginningof2023.Thetripwasreallywonderful.

JilinProvince,inthenortheastofChina,isfamousforChangbaiMountain.Itisoneofthe"Top

10MountainsinChina”.Thenameofitmeans"amountainwhichremainswhiteallyearround"in

Chinese.ThenameChangbaiMountainwasfirstusedintheLiaoDynasty.Themountainwas

recordedintheClassicofMountainsandSeasunderthenameBuxianMountain.ItwascalledTaibai

MountainintheTangDynasty.

Intheearlymorning,weclimbedthemountainfromthewesternside.Alongtheway,wesaw

severalwildanimalsandweweretotallyshockedatthebeautyofthemountain.Thewholemountain

areaisunderthicksnowcoverfortwomonthseveryyear.Thehigherpointsfrom1,500metersto

2,400metersabovethesealevelarecoveredwithsnowformorethansixmonths.Changbai

Mountainisoneofthemostpopularplacesforwintersportsandamusements.Weeventriedmany

thrillingridesonthesnow.Itwassomuchfun.Besides,weenjoyeddifferentkindsoffoods.

WhatexcitedusmostisundoubtedlytheTianchiLake.Itisthedeepestalpine（高山的）lakein

China.TheTianchiLakeistheplacewheretheSonghua,TumenandYaluriversbeginandithas

beenregardedasamysteriouslake.NotallvisitorsareluckyenoughtoseetheTianchiLakeclearly

thefirsttimetheygothere,butwewere.

Onemorethingwerememberedwastakingbathsinthehotsprings.Allourtirednessand

pressureweregonethere.Asvisitors,wecan'tstopbeinginlovewitheverythingweexperiencedin

ChangbaiMountain.

根据短文内容，判断句子正（T）、误（F）。

6.Changbaimeans"remainingwhiteallyearround"inChinese.

7.ThenameChangbaiMountainwasusedintheTangDynasty.

8.Alongtheway,thestudentsweretotallyshockedatthewildanimals.

9.Somevisitorscan'tseetheTianchiLakeclearlythefirsttimetheygothere.

10.Thestudents1tirednessandpressureweretakenawaybydifferentkindsoffoods.

三、

Chinaisacountrywithmanycolorfuldaysandfestivals.TheDragonHeadRaisingDay

（Longtaitou）isoneofthem.Thisspecialdayisontheseconddayofthesecondmonthinthe

Chineselunarcalendar.Itstandsforthestartofspringandfarming.

ThedragonisimportantforChinesepeople.WeChinesepeoplecallourselvesthe"descendants

（传人）ofthedragon".Therefore,peoplecelebratetheDragonHeadRaisingDaywithmanycustoms.

Onthedayinancienttimes,peopleputash（灰）inthekitchen.Thiswasto"leadthedragonintothe

house".Peoplebelievedthatwiththehelpofthedragon,theycouldhaveagoodharvest（收成）in

autumn.

Also,peopleeatspecialfoodsonthatday.Thefoodsareusuallynamedafterdragons.For

example,peopleeat"dragonwhisker（须）"noodlesanddumplingscalled"dragonteeth11.

Today,manycustomshavedisappeared.Butonethathasremainedisthecuttingofhair.Itis

saidthatahaircutduringthefirstlunarmonthmaybringbadlucktotheunclesofthefamily一

mainlymother'sbrothers.SomanypeoplehavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.

根据短文内容，判断句子正（J）、误（X）。

11.TheLongtaitouisonthethirddayofthesecondmonthintheChineselunarcalendar.

12.WeChinesecallourselvesthe"descendantsofthedragon".

13.PeopleputashinthekitchenontheDragonHeadRaisingDayinancienttimes.

14.Nowadays,manypeopledon'thavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay.

15.ThepassagemainlytellsushowtocelebratetheDragonBoatFestivalinChina.

四、

TheSaharaDesertisthelargestdesertintheworld.ItisacrossAfricafromSenegaltoEgypt.

TheSaharaDesertisanunfriendlyenvironment.Duringthedayit'sveryhot,andatnightit's

sometimesverycold.ItisalsodifficulttofindwaterintheSahara.

In2006,KevinLin,RayZahab,andCharlieEngledecidedtodosomethingverydifficult.They

madethedecisiontorunacrosstheSaharaDesert4,300miles（6,920km）.Itseemedimpossibletodo

so,buttheywantedtotry.Thethreemenlikedtotestthemselvesandthiswouldbeaverybigtest.

OnthemorningofNovember2,Kevin,RayandCharliestartedtheirtripacrosstheSahara.

Everymorningtheybeganrunningat5:00.At11a.m.theystoppedandresteduntil5p.m.Then

theyranagainuntil9:30intheevening.Eachdaytheyranabout40miles（64km）.Everydayitwas

thesamething.Theygotupandran.Theylistenedtomusicontheirearphonesandtheyranandran.

Kevin,RayandCharlieneededtoeatalotoffoodduringtheirtrip.Mostpeopleneedabout

2000calories（卡路里）offoodeachday.Kevin,Ray,andCharlieneededbetween6,000and9,000

calorieseveryday.That'salotoffood!Theyalsoneededtodrinkalotofwater.Thethreemenhad

someproblemsontheirtripandmanytimestheywantedtostopandgohome.Itwasoftenveryhot

duringthedayandtheheatmadethemsick.Theirlegsandfeethurt.Sometimesitwasverywindy,

andtheycouldn'tsee.Onetimetheygotlost.Buttheydidn'tstop.After111days,Kevin,Rayand

CharliesuccessfullyfinishedtheirtripacrosstheSaharaDesert.Theyhuggedeachotherandput

theirhandsinthewateroftheRedSea.Thentheyrantoahoteltotakealongshower...

根据短文内容，判断句子正（N）、误（X）。

16.IfsalwaysveryhotintheSaharaDesert.

17.Thethreemenwantedtochallengethemselves.

18.Eachdaythemenranforeightandahalfhours.

19.Theysometimesfeltsickbecauseitwassohot.

20.TheynevergotlostandfinishedtheirtripacrosstheSaharaDesert.

五、

Itiswell-knownthatsilkwasdiscoveredinChina.Itiswonderfullystrong,lightandsoft.Asone

ofthebestmaterialsforclothes,silkhasaperfectlookandfeelthatnoothermaterialscanmatch.

Thereisastoryabouthowsilkwasdiscovered.LeiZu,thewifeofHuangDi,washavingtea

underamulberrytreewhenasilkwormcocoon（蚕茧）fellintohercup.Asshetriedtotakethe

cocoonout,itstartedtounwind（展开）andthe"line"seemedendless.Sherealizedthatthestrongline

couldbeusedtomakeclothes.ThenLeiZutaughtherpeoplehowtoraisesilkwormsandhowtoget

silk.Inthisway,thesilkindustrywasbom.

Forhundredsofyearsafterthat,silkwasonlyusedbyrichpeople.Itwasasymbolofidentity

andstatus（身份和地位）.Withthedevelopmentofthesilkindustry,moresilkwasproduced.Itwas

nolongerjustforrichpeople.IntheHanDynasty,silkwastransportedasfarawayasSpain,Rome

andmanyothercountries.ThetraderoadwasfamouslyknownastheSilkRoad,whichconnected

Chinawiththerestoftheworld.

Today,silkcanbeusedformanykindsofthings,notjustforclothesbutalsoforpaintings,

writingbrushes,kitesandevenfishingnets.Whereversilkgoesaroundtheworld,itisalwayswarmly

received.

根据短文内容，判断句子正（，）误（X）。

21.Silkisoneofthebestmaterialsforclothes.

22.HuangDidiscoveredsilkcouldbeusedtomakeclothesbyaccident.

23.Asmoresilkwasproduced,itreachedmorepeople'shomes.

24.ThesilkindustrywasbornbecauseoftheSilkRoad.

25.Thispassagemainlytalksaboutthehistoryandthepopularityofsilk.

六、

Amiddleschoolinasmalltownhasnearly900students.About90%ofthemcomefromlow-

income（彳氐U攵入）families.Afterknowingmanystudents*fathersdidn'tspendmuchtimewiththeir

children,theschoolstartedits"BreakfastwithDads"eventnotlongago.Latertheschoolknewsome

studentsdidn'thaveafatherabletotakepart.Sotheypostedarequest（请求）for50volunteer

fathersontheInternet.Atfirst,theyworriednoonewouldliketocome.Muchtotheirsurprise,

nearly600menshowedupattheevent.

Thestudentshadanicebreakfastandtalkedwiththeir“dads”.Oneoftheirfavouriteactivities

waslearninghowtotieanecktie（领带）.Somelearneditbeforebutforgot,andotherstrieditforthe

firsttime.Theexperienced"dads"taughttheexcitedchildren.

"It'samazingtohavebreakfastandcommunicatewithsomany'dads'!Ilearnedalotfrom

them!”oneboysaidexcitedly.

根据语篇内容，判断下列句子正（J）误（X）。

26.Mostofthestudentsintheschoolcomefrompoorfamilies.

27.Theschoolmadearequestfor50volunteerfathersonTV.

28.Almost600menshowedupattheevent.

29.Mostofthestudentsknewhowtotieanecktiebeforetheevent.

30.Thestudentsfeltexcitedattheevent.

答案以及解析

1.答案：V

解析：细节理解题。根据“Accordingtothestory,aTangDynastyofficialinYunnanwantedto

showhisrespecttotheemperor.”可知，关于这句话的故事发生在唐朝。表述正确。故答案为J。

2.答案：X

解析：细节理解题。根据“HesentamannamedMianBogaotobringsomegiftstotheemperor.

Oneofthegiftswasabeautifulswan,whichwasaveryvaluablegiftatthetime.”可知，云南的——

位唐朝官员想向皇帝表达敬意。他派了一个叫绵伯高的人给皇帝带了一些礼物。其中一件礼

物是一只美丽的天鹅。故答案为X。

3.答案：X

解析：细节理解题。根据"Oneday,hepassedbyalakeandwantedtolettheswandrinksome

water.”可知，他路过一个湖边，想让天鹅喝点水，而不是游泳，故答案为X。

4.答案：V

解析：细节理解题。根据“Hepickedupafeatherandkeptgoingonhistrip."和"Thisswanfeather

islight,butitcarriesmydeeprespectforyou.”可知，绵拿起一根羽毛送给了皇帝。故答案为V。

5.答案：V

解析：细节理解题。根据“Peoplenowusethissayingtoshowthatagoodgiftdoesn'thavetobe

expensive.Whatmattersisthesincerityitcarries.”可知，从这个故事中，我们知道这句话的意思

是礼物的真诚比价格更重要。故答案为

6.答案：V

解析：细节理解题。根据“JilinProvince,inthenortheastofChina,isfamousforChangbai

Mountain....Thenameofitmeans'amountainwhichremainswhiteallyearround*inChinese."可

知长白在中文中的意思是“一年四季都是白色的”。故填Vo

7.答案：X

解析：细节理解题。根据"ItwascalledTaibaiMountainintheTangDynasty."可知在唐代并不叫

长白山。故填X。

8.答案：X

解析：细节理解题。根据“Alongtheway,wesawseveralwildanimalsandweweretotally

shockedatthebeautyofthemountain.”可知沿途学生们震惊于山的美丽。故填X。

9.答案：V

解析：细节理解题。根据"NotallvisitorsareluckyenoughtoseetheTianchiLakeclearlythefirst

timetheygothere,butwewere."可知有些游客第一次去天池看不清楚。故填V。

10.答案：X

解析：细节理解题。根据"Onemorethingwerememberedwastakingbathsinthehotsprings.All

ourtirednessandpressureweregonethere."学生们的压疲累和压力是在泡温泉的时候消失的。

故填X。

1L答案：X

解析：细节理解题。根据"Thisspecialdayisontheseconddayofthesecondmonthinthe

Chineselunarcalendar"可知龙抬头日是在中国农历的二月初二。故答案为X。

12.答案：V

解析：细节理解题。根据"WeChinesepeoplecallourselvesthe'descendants（传人）ofthe

dragon，”可知我们中国人称自己为“龙的传人"。故答案为J。

13.答案：V

解析：细节理解题。根据"Onthedayinancienttimes,peopleputash（灰）inthekitchen."可知在

古时候，人们把灰放在厨房里。故答案为

14.答案：X

解析：细节理解题。根据"SomanypeoplehavetheirhaircutontheDragonHeadRaisingDay."可

知很多人在龙抬头这天都要理发。故答案为X。

15.答案：X

解析：主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了二月二龙抬头日。故答案为X。

16.答案：X

解析：细节理解题。根据"Duringthedayit'sveryhot,andatnightit'ssometimesverycold."可知,

撒哈拉沙漠白天很热，有时候晚上很冷，题干”撒哈拉沙漠总是很热。"表述错误。故答案为

Xo

17.答案：V

解析：推理判断题。根据"TheymadethedecisiontorunacrosstheSaharaDesert4,300miles

（6,920km）.Itseemedimpossibletodoso,buttheywantedtotry.Thethreemenlikedtotest

themselvesandthiswouldbeaverybigtest."可知，穿越撒哈拉沙漠是几乎不可能的，但他们想

要测试自己，即挑战自己，题干”这三个人都想挑战自己。"表述正确。故答案为

18.答案：X

解析：推理判断题。根据"Everymorningtheybeganrunningat5:00.At11a.m.theystoppedand

resteduntil5p.m.Thentheyranagainuntil9:30intheevening."可知，他们每天早上5点至11点

跑步，11点至下午5点是休息的，下午5点至晚上9:30跑步，因此他们一天跑十个半小时，

题干”这些人每天都要跑上八个半小时。"表述错误。故答案为X。

19.答案：V

解析：细节理解题。根据"Itwasoftenveryhotduringdayandtheheatmadethemsick."可知，有

时天气太热会让他们感到不舒服，题干"他们有时会感到不舒服，因为天气太热了。”表述正

确。故答案为

20.答案：X

解析：细节理解题。根据"Sometimesitwasverywindyandtheycouldn'tsee.Onetimetheygot

lost.”可知，他们有时候会迷路，题干"他们从未迷路，并完成了穿越撒哈拉沙漠的旅行。”表

述错误。故答案为X。

21.答案：V

解析：根据第一段中的Asoneofthebestmaterialsforclothes,（丝绸是制作衣服的最佳材料之

一，）可知，这与题干（丝绸是制作衣服的最好材料之一。）描述相符，故填：Vo

22.答案：X

解析：根据第二段中的LeiZu,thewifeofHuangDi,washavingteaunderamulberrytreewhena

silkwormcocoonfellintoheritstartedtounwindandthe"line"seemedendless.Sherealizedthat

thestronglinecouldbeusedtomakeclothes（黄帝的妻子LeiZu在桑树下喝茶时，一个蚕茧掉

进了她的杯子里。当她试图把茧取出来时，茧开始松弛，"线"似乎无穷无尽。她意识到这根

结实的绳子可以用来做衣服。）可知，这与题干（黄帝偶然发现丝绸可以用来做衣服。）描

述不相符，故填：X0

23.答案：V

解