高中英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第二册课件Unit4ExploringliteratureExtendedreading

牛津译林版高中英语必修二课件

Unit4Exploringliterature

Extendedreading

TheOldManandtheSea【What】本板块的主要任务是文学经典选段赏析。教学活动首先简要介绍海明威生平、写作风格及其作品《老人与海》的主要内容；然后阅读并欣赏其中的一个经典片段，这一片段集中体现了海明威作品的主题—“一个人并不是生来要给打败的，你可以毁灭他，但永远无法击败他。”【Why】本文是文学经典的选段，旨在通过Reading板块的学习后，直接阅读原汁原味的英美文学经典作品，提升文学鉴赏能力，思考并体会文学作品的三个特性。【How】本文以记叙文的形式展开，通过分析作品中人物的语言、动作和心理活动，把握文中老渔夫的人物形象，领会小说所隐含的哲理和象征意义；还要了解作者的写作手法：作者用简洁的语言、独特的写作方式、自然的韵调，刻画出老人不屈服于命运，凭借自己的勇气、毅力和智慧奋勇抗争的鲜明形象。◆ 教学目标Bytheendofthissection,wewillbeableto:1.understandthewholeexcerpt[ˈeksɜ:pt](摘录;节选;选段)byreadingout[(大声)读出;朗读]

emotionally;2.describethepersonalitytraits(个性特点)oftheoldmanbasedondeepunderstanding;3.learnthewritingstyleofHemingway[ˈhemiŋwei];4.analysethe“threequalitiesofliterature”showninthisexcerpt.A.UnderstandingReadtheintroductiontoErnestHemingwayandhisnovelTheOldManandtheSea.Thenreadtheexcerptfromthenovel.

1.Readtheintroductionbeforetheexcerptonpage53andanswertwoquestions.ErnestHemingway(1899–1961)[ˌɜːnɪstˈhemɪŋweɪ],anAmericanwriterofnovelsandshortstories,iswellthoughtofforhisuniquewritingstyle.Heisextremelygoodatdescribingtheadventuresoftoughmen(硬汉)whohebelieves“canbedestroyedbutnotdefeated”.TheOldManandtheSea,oneofhismostimportantnovels,tellsthestoryofafishermannamedSantiago[ˌsæntɪˈɑːɡəʊ].Aftercominginempty-handed(一无所获；空手)foreighty-fourdays,Santiagoattemptstocatchahugefish.(1)WhatisHemingwaywellthoughtoffor?(2)WhatisHemingwaygoodatdescribing?Heiswellthoughtofforhisuniquewritingstyle.Heisextremelygoodatdescribingtheadventuresoftoughmen.2.Readtheexcerptcarefully.Thefishwascominginonhiscirclenowcalmandbeautifullookingandonlyhisgreattailmoving.Theoldmanpulledonhimallthathecouldtobringhimcloser.Forjustamomentthefishturnedalittleonhisside.Thenhestraightenedhimselfandbegananothercircle.这条鱼正打着转靠近，既冷静又美丽，只有它的大尾巴在动。老人用尽全力拉住它，想把它拉近些。有那么一小会儿，鱼稍稍偏向一边。接着它正了正身子，又开始转圈。straighten(sth)(up)挺直，端正（身体）Hestoodupandstraightenedhisshoulders.他站起身，挺起肩膀。Istraightenedmyselfuptoanswerthequestion.我直起身来回答问题。Straightenupslowly,thenrepeattheexercisetentimes.慢慢挺直身体，然后把这个动作重复十次。“Imovedhim,”theoldmansaid.“Imovedhimthen.”Hefeltfaint(昏眩；快要昏厥)againnowbutheheldonthegreatfishallthestrainthathecould.Imovedhim,hethought.MaybethistimeIcangethimover.Pull,hands,hethought.Holdup,legs.Lastforme,head.Lastforme.Youneverwent.ThistimeI’llpullhimover.“我拉动它了，”老人说，“我刚才拉动它了。”现在他又感到头晕了，但他竭尽全力拽住这条大鱼。我拉动它了，他想。也许这次我能搞定它。使劲拉呀，手啊，他想。站稳啦，腿啊。给我撑住，脑袋啊，给我撑住。你从未晕倒过。这次我要把它拉过来。这是一段典型的海明威式的心理活动描写，反映了老人的自信、勇敢和强悍。海明威擅长对人物进行深刻的心理剖析，并善于运用简短朴实的语言和重复的写作手法，让人物内心世界得到充分体现，从而增强作品的感染力。holdonA.(informal)等着；停住,=waitHoldonaminutewhileIgetmybreathback.稍等一下，让我喘口气。Holdon!Thisisn'ttherightroad.等一下！这条路不对。B.（在困境或危险中）坚持住，挺住Theymanagedtoholdonuntilhelparrived.他们勉强坚持到救援到来。C.(informal)（电话用语）别挂断，等一下Canyouholdon?I'llseeifhe'shere.等一下行吗？我去看看他在不在。getoversth:todealwithorgaincontrolofsth解决；克服；控制,=overcomeShecan'tgetoverhershyness.她无法克服羞怯心理。Ithinktheproblemcanbegotoverwithouttoomuchdifficulty.我认为这个问题不太难解决。getoversth/sb从疾病（或震惊、断绝关系等）中恢复常态Hewasdisappointedatnotgettingthejob,buthe'llgetoverit.他没得到这份工作非常失望，不过他会想得开的。can'tgetoversth(informal)因…而感到震惊（或惊讶、好笑等）Ican'tgetoverhowrudeshewas.她这么粗鲁真使我感到惊讶。holdup:A.

toremainstrongandworkingeffectively支持住；承受住；支撑得住She'sholdingupwellunderthepressure.她承受住了压力。B.举起;抬起;提起Holditupsothatwecanseeit.把它举起来让我们看看。C.耽搁;阻延Whywereyouholdingeveryoneup?你为什么耽搁了大家？D.举出…作为批评（或赞扬）的对象Hehadalwaysbeenheldupasanexampletotheyoungerones.他总是被树为弟妹学习的榜样。E.维持;保持良好Children'swearisoneareathatisholdingupwellintherecession.童装是经济衰退中仍然保持良好发展的一个领域。F.（论点、理论等）经受得住检验I'mnotsureiftheargumentholdsup,butit'sstimulating.我不能肯定该论点是否经得起检验，但它很有新意。last(sth)(out)（在困境等中）坚持下去；超越（困境等）Shewon'tlastlonginthatjob.她那份工作干不了多久。Canyoulast(out)untilIcangethelp?你能支撑到有人来帮我吗？Doctorssaythatsheprobablywon'tlastoutthenight.医生都说她很可能活不过今晚。Hewasinjuredearlyonanddidn'tlastthematch.他开赛后不久就受了伤，没法坚持到底。go变坏；损坏；不起作用Hersightisbeginningtogo.她的视力开始下降。Hismindisgoing(=heislosinghismentalpowers).他心智日衰。Iwasdrivinghomewhenmybrakeswent.我正开车回家，突然刹车失灵了。Butwhenheputallofhisefforton,startingitwellout

beforethefishcamealongsideandpullingwithallhisstrength,thefishpulledpartwayoverandthenrightedhimselfandswam[swæm]away.可是当他使出浑身力气，在鱼靠近之前就开始用尽全力拉线时，那鱼中途就挣扎着偏向一边，然后正正身子游走了。startoutA.开始从事，着手（某工作）；从业tostartoutinbusiness做起生意来Shestartedoutonherlegalcareerin1987.她于1987年开始从事法律工作。B.最初想要；起先打算Istartedouttowriteashortstory,butitsoondevelopedintoanovel.我起先打算写一篇短篇小说，但很快就写成了长篇小说。partway“半途，部分地”。Theywerepartwaythroughthemeetingwhenshearrived.她到达的时候会议已经进行一段时间了。rightv.A.使回到正常位置；把…扶正；使…直立Atlasttheplanerighteditselfandeveryonewassafeandsound.最后，飞机终于恢复了平稳，大家都平安无事。B.改正；纠正；使恢复正常,=putrightRightingtheeconomywilldemandmajorcutsinexpenditure.恢复经济需要大量削减开支。rightawrong纠正错误；平反昭雪“Fish,”theoldmansaid.“Fish,youaregoingtohavetodieanyway.Doyouhavetokillmetoo?”Thatwaynothingisaccomplished,hethought.Hismouthwastoodrytospeakbuthecouldnotreachforthewaternow.Imustgethimalongsidethistime,hethought.Iamnotgoodformanymoreturns.Yesyouare,hetoldhimself.You’regoodforever.我这次一定要把它拉到船边，他想。它再多转几圈，我就不行了。不，你行，他告诉自己。你永远都行。good(forsth/todosth)|~(forsb)合适的；适宜的；恰当的；适合…的Nowisagoodtimetobuyahouse.现在买房子正是时候。Shewouldbegoodforthejob.她干这工作很合适。Canwechangeourmeeting─Mondayisn'tgood(=convenient)forme.我们把见面时间改改吧——星期一我不方便。Onthenextturn,henearlyhadhim.Butagainthefishrightedhimselfandswamslowlyaway.Youarekillingme,fish,theoldmanthought.Butyouhavearightto.△

NeverhaveIseenagreater,ormorebeautiful,oracalmerormorenoblethingthanyou,brother.Comeonandkillme.Idonotcarewhokillswho.

Neverbefore_____(have)heseenanybodywhocanplaytennisaswellasRobert.Onnoaccountcanweignoretheimportanceofreading,whichservesasaperfectwaytobroadenourhorizons.我们决不能忽视阅读的重要性，它是开拓我们视野的一种完美的方式。hasNowyouaregettingconfusedinthehead,hethought.Youmustkeepyourheadclear.Keepyourheadclearandknowhowtosufferlikeaman.Orafish,hethought.“Clearup,head,”hesaidinavoicehecouldhardlyhear.“Clearup.”keepyourhead|keepaclear/coolhead：toremaincalminadifficultsituation（在困境中）保持冷静clear（使）变清醒，变清晰Ashermindcleared,sherememberedwhathadhappened.头脑清醒之后，她想起了所发生的一切。Iwentforawalktoclearmyhead.我去散一会儿步，好清醒清醒头脑。clearup（头脑）清醒；使整洁，清理Twicemoreitwasthesameontheturns.Idonotknow,theoldmanthought.Hehadbeenonthepointof

feelinghimselfgoeachtime.Idonotknow.ButIwilltryitoncemore.那鱼跟之前一样，又转了两圈。我不明白，老人想。每次他都觉得自己就快要不行了。我不明白。但我还要再试一次。Hetrieditoncemoreandhefelthimselfgoingwhenheturnedthefish.Thefishrightedhimselfandswamoffagainslowlywiththegreattailweavingintheair.鱼正正身子，又慢慢地游开，大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。with+复合宾语结构

1.with+宾语(名词或代词)+现在分

2.with+宾语(名词或代词)+过去分词3.with+宾语(名词或代词)+不定式

4.with+宾语(名词或代词)+介词短语/形容词/副词等1)Withtheman_________(guide)usahead,wehadnotroublefindingthevillage.2)Withtheman________(guide)usahead,wewillhavenotroublefindingthevillage.3)Withhiswork______(do),thesecretarybegantowalkhome.4)Shelefttheoffices_____tearsinhereyes.guidingto

guidedonewithI’lltryitagain,theoldmanpromised,althoughhishandsweremushynowandhecouldonlyseewellinflashes.Hetrieditagainanditwasthesame.Sohethought,andhefelthimselfgoingbeforehestarted;Iwilltryitonceagain.我要再试一下，老人答应自己，尽管他的双手这时已经软弱无力，而且大部分时间双眼都看不清。他又试了一次，依然如故。还没动手他就感觉要不行了，他这样想，我还要再试一次。3.Readtheexcerptcarefullyagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.(1)Whatdoestheexcerptdescribe?Itdescribesthestrugglebetweentheoldmanandthefish.Theoldmanstruggledtoconquerthefishwhilethefishstruggledtoescape.(2)Didtheoldmannearlycatchthefish?Howdoyouknow?Yes,hedid.Inline9itsays“Forjustamomentthefishturnedalittleonhisside.”andinline25ittellsus“Onthenextturn,henearlyhadhim.”(3)Whentheoldmansawthefishturnedalittleonhisside(line9),whatdidhesay?Andinwhatemotiondidhesaythat?“Imovedhim,”theoldmansaid.“Imovedhimthen.”Hewasexcitedtoseethathewasabletopullthefish.4.Figureoutthepersonalitytraitsoftheoldmanaccordingtolines30—42bycompletingthefollowingchart.notclearonthepointoffeelinghimselfgogoinghestartedClearup,head,clearupIdon’tknow.ButIwilltryitoncemoreI’lltryitonceagain5.Answerthefollowingquestions.(1)Whatdoyoufindwhenyoucomparetheoldman’sfeelingswithhiswordsorthoughtsintheexcerpt?Hisphysicalconditionwasworseandworsewhilehiswillpowerbecamestrongerandstronger.(2)Wouldyougiveupornotifyouweretheoldman?Whyorwhynot?Iwouldn’tgiveupbecauseIfirmlybelieveIcouldcatchthefishifIpersisted.Nothingcandefeatmeexceptmyself.IwouldgiveupbecauseIwouldbeexhausted.△Thefish’sconstantcirclingawayfrommewheneverIwasclosetocatchingitwouldlessenmyhopeofcatchingthefish.

6.AnswerthefirstquestionofpartAonpage54.(1)Howwouldyoudescribetheoldman’scharacter?Supportyourviewwithdetailsfromtheexcerpt.

Theoldmanisdeterminedandpositive.Hislongstrugglewiththefishshowshisdetermination.Hisinnerthoughts,like,“Yesyouare,hetoldhimself.You’regoodforever”,illustratehispositiveattitude.7.Sharewithothersyourfavouritepartsoftheexcerptandgivereasons.

Ilikelines12-15best.Intheexcerpttheoldmansailedonthevastseabyhimselfforsuchalongtime,withoutanyonearoundtotalktoortohelphim.Whenhefainted,hestillheldontothegreatfishandencouragedhisbodytostaystrong,“Pull,hands.Holdup,legs.”Suchstrongself-encouragementhelpedhiminsistoncompletingthechallengingtaskthatalmostdiminished[dɪˈmɪnɪʃt][减少；(使)减弱，缩减；降低]hishopeandnearlydefeatedhim.ByreadingtheselinesIexperiencedhisdeterminationtonevergiveup,andithasmademefeelstrongeranddeterminedwhenIfacechallengestoo.B.Appreciating1.DiscussHemingway’swritingstylebyanalysingsomesentencesfromtheexcerpt.“Clearup,head,”hesaidinavoicehecouldhardlyhear.“Clearup.”Let’somit[əˈmɪt](删除；忽略；漏掉；遗漏)thelast“Clearup.”andreaditagain.Howdifferentisitfromtheoriginalsentenceandwhydoesthewriteruserepetition[ˌrepəˈtɪʃn]?Byusingrepetition,thewritershowsreaderstheoldman’sstrongdeterminationtobereadytoovercomethehardshipthatheisfacedwith.Theoldmanrepeatsthewords,whicharemostlyshortandpowerful,toencouragehimselfandtostrengthenhismind.2.AnswerthesecondquestionofpartAonpage54.(2)WhatdoyouthinkofHemingway’swritingstyle?Useexamplesfromtheexcerpttosupportyourview.Hemingwayusesshort,simplesentencesandrepetition,andfocusesontheman’sinnerthoughts.Forexample,“Youmustkeepyourheadclear.Keepyourheadclearandknowhowtosufferlikeaman.”Ithinkthisstylehelpsshowhowmentallystrongtheoldmanis.3.Answe