浙江省金华市某中学2023-2024学年高一年级下册4月期中英语试题 含解析

金华一中2023学年高一第二学期期中考试

英语试题

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有内分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

C.At5:00.

2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Athome.B.Inthecar.C.Intherestaurant.

3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Howtogrowpumpkins.

B.WhattoeatonHalloween.

C.Whattowearforafestival.

4.Howdoesthewomansound?

A.Annoyed.B.Apologetic.C.Determined.

5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Classmates.

第二节

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完

后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whywasthewomanunwillingtowakethemanupsoearly?

A.Hedidn'tsleepwelllastnight.

B.Hehasbeenexhaustedrecently.

C.Hecangotoworklatetoday.

7.Whatwillthemanprobablydofirst?

A.Havebreakfast.B.Gobacktosleep.C.Sharehisdream.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheman'ssuit?

A.Ifsoutoffashion.B.Ifstoobright.C.Itfitshimwell.

9.Whatcolorshirtwillthemanwear?

A.Navyblue.B.White.C.Yellow.

10.Howdoesthemanfeelintheend?

A.Grateful.B.Unconfident.C.Embarrassed.

听第8段材料，回答第U至13题。

11.Whereareprobablythespeakers?

A.Inthelibrary.B.Inthebookstore.C.Attheman'shouse.

12.Whatkindofbookdoesthewomanwant?

A.Anadvancedgrammarbook.

B.Anelementarygrammarbook.

C.AbookaboutspokenEnglish.

13.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.TrytolearnEnglishonline.

B.StudyEnglishwithhisson.

C.TakepartinanEnglishclub.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14.WhatwasthemostpopularsportatAngelia'sschoolinLondon?

A.Football.B.Basketball.C.Tabletennis.

15.WhatisHenry'snationalty?

A.Chinese.B.American.C.British.

16.HowmanypeoplemighttherebeonHenry'steam?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Five.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.WhatisShahzadQureshi'smainpurposeofplantingurbantrees?

A.Toprovideahabitatforanimals.

B.Tocreateashadyspotforpeople.

C.Tocooltheair,

18.WhatdidShahzadQureshidoin2017?

A.Hehelpedplantanurbanforestinaschool.

B.Hesetupagrammarschool.

C.Heplanted14urbanforestsinPakistan.

19.WhoisMuneezaShaikhli?

A.Anenvironmentalist.B.Astudent.C.Aheadmaster.

20.WhatcanstudentsdointheforestatKarachiGrammarSchool?

A.Doscienceexperiments.B.Observetheinsects.C.Playwithbirds.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Whetheryouarealifelongbookwormoraretryingtodevelopaloveforreadinginyourkids,the2024

MiamiBookFairisforyou.

•WhenandWhereIstheFair?

Thismuch-lovedSouthFloridaeventwillbeheldfromMay12to18,2024attheMDCWolfsonCampus

PlazainDowntownMiami.

•WhattoExpectattheFair?

Thisyear,thefairwillfeaturemorethan400celebratedauthorsfromaroundtheworld.Therewillbearich

collectionofwritersandtheirworksofalmosteverytypeunderthesun.Readerscannotonlyexploreartsand

crafts,butalsoexperiencefacepaintingandbookgiveaways.Forgreenwriters,ifsaplacetoconnectwiththeir

favoriteeditors.Forbooklovers,it'sanopportunitytogetautographs（亲笔签名）frommanypopularauthorsand

askthemsomequestions.Duringthisweek-longbookfeast,youwillfindagroupofeventsrunningfrommorning

tonight.

•HowMuchDoestheFairCost?

OnFriday,thefairisfree.OnSaturdayorSunday,itis10foranadultforoneday,oryoucangetatwo-day

passfor$15.Kidsunderage12canattendforfreeandthekidaged13-18is$5perday.

Somarkyourcalendars,headtoDowntownMiami,andenjoyyourselfintheheartofthecity'sliterary

scene.

1.Whatcanvisitorsdoatthefair?

A.Donateusedbooks.B.ExploreDowntownMiami.

C.Enjoyadinnerparty.D.Interactwithpopularauthors.

2.Howmuchshouldacouplewithtwokidsunder12payfortheSundayfair?

A.$30.B.$25.C.$20.D.$15.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Toadvertiseafair.B.Toraisemoney.

C.Tointroduceacity.D.Torecommendbooks.

【答案】l.D2.C3.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了2024年迈阿密书展的相关信息，包括书展的时间、地点、活动

内容和门票价格等。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据・WhattoExpectattheFair?部分中“Forbooklovers,ifsanopportunitytogetautographs（亲

笔签名）frommanypopularauthorsandaskthemsomequestions.（对于书迷来说，这是一个获得许多知名作家

签名并向他们提问的机会）”可知，游客在书展上可以与知名作家互动。故选D项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据・HowMuchDoestheFairCost?部分中“OnSaturdayorSunday,itis10foranadultforone

day,oryoucangetatwo-daypassfor$15.Kidsunderage12canattendforfreeandthekidaged13-18is$5per

day.（在周六或周日，成人一天的票价是10美元，或者你可以花15美元买一张两天的出入证。12岁以下的

孩子可以免费参加，13—18岁的孩子每天5美元）”可知，星期天成人票价10美元，12岁以下孩子免费，

所以一对夫妇和两个12岁以下的孩子星期天参加书展只需要20美元。故选C项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中uWhetheryouarealifelongbookwormoraretryingtodevelopalove

forreadinginyourkids,the2024MiamiBookFairisforyou.（无论你是一个终身书虫，还是想培养孩子对阅读

的热爱，2024年迈阿密书展都是为你准备的）”和下文对书展的介绍可知，文章的目的是为书展做广告。

故选A项。

B

ItwasJune15,andintwodaysIwouldbeturningthirty.Iwasinsecureaboutenteringanewdecadeofmy

lifeandfearedthatmybestyearswerenowbehindme.

Mydailyroutineincludedgoingtothegymforaworkoutbeforegoingtowork.EverymorningIwouldsee

myfriendNicholasatthegym.Hewasseventy-nineyearsoldandinterrificshape.AsIgreetedNicholasonthis

particularday,henoticedIwasn'tfullofmyusualvitalityandaskediftherewasanythingwrong.ItoldhimIwas

feelinganxiousaboutturningthirty.IwonderedhowIwouldlookbackonmylifeonceIreachedNicholas9sage,

soIaskedhim,"Whatwasthebesttimeofyourliffe?”

Withouthesitation,Nicholasreplied,“Well,Joe,thisismyphilosophicalanswertoyourphilosophical

question.^^

“WhenIwasachildinAustriaandeverythingwastakencareofformeandIwasnurturedbymyparents,that

wasthebesttimeofmylife.95

“WhenIwasgoingtoschoolandlearningthethingsIknowtoday,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife."

“WhenIgotmyfirstjobandhadresponsibilitiesandgotpaidfbrmyefforts,thatwasthebesttimeofmy

“WhenImetmywifeandfellinlove,thatwasthebesttimeofmy

“TheSecondWorldWarcame,andmywifeandIhadtofleeAustriatosaveourlives.Whenweweretogether

andsafeonashipboundforNorthAmerica,thatwasthebesttimeofmy

“WhenwecametoCanadaandstartedafamily,thatwasthebesttimeofmy

“WhenIwasayoungfatherwatchingmychildrengrowup,thatwasthebesttimeofmy

“Andnow,Joe,Iamseventy-nineyearsold.Ihavemyhealth,IfeelgoodandIaminlovewithmywifejust

asIwaswhenwefirstmet.Thisisthebesttimeofmy

4.Whydidtheauthorfeelanxiousaccordingtothearticle?

A.Hewouldbe30intwodays.

B.Hewasworriedaboutgettingold.

C.Hedidn'tgotothegymtoexercise.

D.Nicholasaskedquestionshedidn'twanttoanswer.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutNicholas5lifeexperiences?

A.HespenthischildhoodwithhisgrandparentsinAustria.

B.Hedroppedoutofschool,foundajobandgotpaid.

C.HetookpartintheSecondWorldWarandmethiswife.

D.HestartedafamilyandbecameayoungfatherinCanada.

6.WhatdoyouthinkofNicholas'slife?

A.Casual.B.Anxious.C.Positive.D.Negative.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromNicholas?

A.Liveadayatatime.B.Yougetwhatyoupayfor.

C.Everymanhashisprice.D.Strikewhiletheironishot.

【答案】4.A5.D6.C7,A

【解析】

【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过讲述作者对即将到来的30岁以后的生活的担忧来告诉我们要

珍惜眼前的生活，每天都有幸福快乐的生活。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"ItwasJune15,andintwodaysIwouldbeturningthirty.Iwasinsecureabout

enteringanewdecadeofmylifeandfearedthatmybestyearswerenowbehindme.（那是6月15日，再过两天

我就满30岁了。我对进入人生的新十年感到不安全，担心我最好的时光已经过去了）”可知，作者是因为

马上要30岁了而担心。故选A。

[5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第九段"WhenwecametoCanadaandstartedafamily,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（当

我们来到加拿大组建家庭时，那是我一生中最美好的时光）"和第十段"WhenIwasayoungfather,watching

mychildrengrowup,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（当我还是一个年轻的父亲，看着我的孩子长大，那是我

一生中最美好的时光）”可知，尼古拉斯是在加拿大组建了家庭并且成为了一名年轻的父亲。故选D。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第八段“TheSecondWorldWarcame,andmywifeandIhadtofleeAustriatosaveour

lives.WhenweweretogetherandsafeonashipboundforNorthAmerica,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（第二

次世界大战来临，我和妻子不得不逃离奥地利以挽救我们的生命。当我们在一艘开往北美的船上安全地

在一起时，那是我一生中最美好的时光）”可知，在动荡的二战时期，尼古拉斯却因为能和家人在一起而

感到幸福快乐。由此推知，他是一个积极乐观的人。故选C。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“WhenIwasachildinAustriaandeverythingwastakencareofformeandIwas

nurturedbymyparents,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（当我还是个孩子的时候，在奥地利，一切都得到了

照顾，我受到了父母的养育，那是我一生中最美好的时光）”，第五段“WhenIwasgoingtoschooland

learningthethingsIknowtoday,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（当我去上学，学习今天所知道的东西时，

那是我一生中最美好的时光）”，第六段“WhenIgotmyfirstjobandhadresponsibilitiesandgotpaidformy

efforts,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（当我找到我的第一份工作，承担起责任，努力获得报酬时，那是我

一生中最美好的时光）”，第七段“WhenImetmywifeandfellinlove,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（当

我遇到我的妻子并坠入爱河时，那是我一生中最美好的时光）”，第八段“TheSecondWorldWarcame,

andmywifeandIhadtofleeAustriatosaveourlives.WhenweweretogetherandsafeonashipboundforNorth

America,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（第二次世界大战来临，我和妻子不得不逃离奥地利以挽救我们的

生命。当我们在一艘开往北美的船上安全地在一起时，那是我一生中最美好的时光）”，第九段“When

wecametoCanadaandstartedafamily,thatwasthebesttimeofmylife.（当我们来到加拿大组建家庭时,那是

我一生中最美好的时光）"，第十段"WhenIwasayoungfather,watchingmychildrengrowup,thatwasthe

besttimeofmylife.（当我还是一个年轻的父亲，看着我的孩子长大，那是我一生中最美好的时光）”和最后

一段"Andnow,Joe,Iamseventy-nineyearsold.Ihavemyhealth,IfeelgoodandIaminlovewithmywife

justasIwaswhenwefirstmet.Thisisthebesttimeofmylife.（现在，乔，我79岁了。我身体健康，感觉很

好，我爱我的妻子，就像我们第一次见面时一样。这是我一生中最美好的时光）”可知，从尼古拉斯对自

己生活的回忆中可以看出，他珍惜生活中的每一天，每天都幸福快乐的生活。故选A。

C

China'sgeneration-Zisnot"lyingflat”,anexpressionforgivinguponhardwork,asisoftenclaimed,and

makinganeffortisstillthemainstreamofagroupwhobelievessuccessshouldbeachievedbysolideffort,Chinese

officialssaidatapressconferenceonThursday,inresponsetoaquestiononhowyoungergenerationsshould

achievebalancebetweenalifestyleof"lyingflat“infaceofgreatpressureand"involution,“whichreferstosevere

internalcompetitionthatdoesnotleadtoproductivitygains.

“MostChineseyouthholdanoptimisticviewonthefuture,andthesaying'lyingflat'ismoreofajoketo

releasepressureandexpresstheirfeelings,HeJunke,agovernmentofficialsaidatapressconferenceonThursday.

Atthepressconference,Chinareleasedthefirstnationwidewhitepaperonyouthdevelopmenttitled"Youthof

ChinaintheNewEra,^^whichshowcasedachievementslinkedtothecountry'syouthdevelopmentinthenewera

andreflectedthespiritofyoungergeneration.Thewhitepaperwasalsoreleasedaheadofthe100thanniversaryof

thefoundingofCYLC（共青团）.

HesaidChinahasattachedgreatimportancetodeeperissuesreflectedbytalkof“lyingflat”,whichemerged

asyounggenerationissubjecttoincreasingpressureacrosswork,studyandlifeamidChina'suniquedemographic

（人口统计学的，人口学的）structureandhighlycompetitivelabormarket.

“Someintheyoungergenerationfeelcofusedorlost.Inresponse,authoritieshavescaleduptheamountof

supportavailabletohelpsolvetheirissuesineducation,employment,marriageandchildraising,9,Henoted,while

urgingthewholesocietytosupportthementaldevelopmentandpsychologyofgeneration-Z.

Hepointedoutthatitisalsoimportantforcertainyoungpeopletorealizethatitisunrealistictobuildacareer

withouttakingresponsibilityandmakingendeavor."Allhappinessisachievedthroughdevotedeffort,andmaking

endeavoritselfisalsoakindofhappiness,9,Hestressed.

8.WhatisHeJunke'sattitudetowards"lyingflat”?

A.Objective.B.Subjective.C.Opposed.D.Favorable.

9.Whydoyoungpeopleadopttheattitudeof"lyingflat”?

A.MoreandmoreyoungpeoplechoosetolieflatinChina,

B.Youngpeoplefacegreatpressureintheirstudy,workandlife.

C.China5spopulationstructureaffectsthesupplyoflabormarket.

D.Thegovernmentneedstocelebratethe100thanniversaryofCYLC.

10.Howcantheproblemof"lyingflat“beridof?

A.Youngpeopleshouldtakeresponsibilityandmakeeffortstoachievesuccess.

B.Thewholesocietyshouldcareaboutyoungpeople'sphysicalandmentalhealth.

C.Authoritiesshouldhelpyoungpeopleandgivethemsupportinmanyaspectsoflife.

D.Alloftheabove.

11.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Tocallonalowcarbonlifestyle.

B.Toinformthelatestresearchonthesocialdevelopment.

C.Tosetagoalfortheyoungpeoplewhoareunderpressureonstudy.

D.Toaddressasocialproblemamongyounggenerationsinthenewerera.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府为什么高度重视“躺平”的问题，因为这一问题反映了

更深层次的问题。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段""MostChineseyouthholdanoptimisticviewonthefuture,andthesaying'lying

flat,ismoreofajoketoreleasepressureandexpresstheirfeelings,5,HeJunke,agovernmentofficialsaidata

pressconferenceonThursday."（大多数中国年轻人对未来持乐观态度，'躺平'这个说法更多的是一个

释放压力和表达感情的笑话，”政府官员HeJunke在周四的新闻发布会上说。）可知，HeJunke只是评价

了这种现象，并未表达自己的观点，所以他对“躺平”是客观的。故选A。

[9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段"HesaidChinahasattachedgreatimportancetodeeperissuesreflectedbytalkof

alyingflat”,whichemergedasyounggenerationissubjecttoincreasingpressureacrosswork,studyandlife

amidChina'suniquedemographic（人口统计学的，人口学的）structureandhighlycompetitivelabor

market."（他说，中国非常重视“躺平”所反映的更深层次的问题，在中国独特的人口结构和竞争激烈

的劳动力市场中，年轻一代面临着越来越大的工作、学习和生活压力。）可知，为什么年轻人采取“躺

平”的态度是因为年轻人在学习、工作和生活中面临着巨大的压力。故选B项。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段""Someintheyoungergenerationfeelcofasedorlost.Inresponse,authorties

havescaleduptheamountofsupportavailabletohelpsolvetheirissuesineducation,employment,marriageand

childraising,5,Henoted,whileurgingthewholesocietytosupportthementaldevelopmentandpsychologyof

generation-Z."（年轻一代中的一些人感到困惑或迷失。作为回应，有关部门加大了可提供的支持力度，

帮助解决他们在教育、就业、婚姻和抚养孩子方面的问题，”他指出，同时敦促全社会支持Z一代的心

理发展和，心'理。）和最后——段“Hepointedoutthatitisalsoimportantforcertainyoungpeopletorealizethatit

isunrealistictobuildacareerwithouttakingresponsibilityandmakingendeavor.14A11happinessisachieved

throughdevotedeffort,andmakingendeavoritselfisalsoakindofhappiness,''Hestressed."（他指出，对某些

年轻人来说，认识到不承担责任和努力就建立事业是不现实的，这一点也很重要。他强调：“所有的幸福

都是通过努力得来的，努力本身也是一种幸福。”）可知，A（年轻人应该承担责任，努力取得成功。）,

B（全社会都应该关心青少年的身心健康。）,C（当局应该帮助年轻人，在生活的许多方面给予他们支持。）

都是解决“躺平”的措施。故选D项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“China'sgeneration-Zisnot"lyingflat”,anexpressionforgivinguponhardwork,as

isoftenclaimed,andmakinganeffortisstillthemainstreamofagroupwhobelievessuccessshouldbeachieved

bysolideffort,ChineseofficialssaidatapressconferenceonThursday,inresponsetoaquestiononhowyounger

generationsshouldachievebalancebetweenalifestyleof"lyingflat“infaceofgreatpressureand“involution,“

whichreferstosevereinternalcompetitionthatdoesnotleadtoproductivitygains.”（在周四的新闻发布会

上，当被问及年轻一代应该如何在面对巨大压力的“平躺”生活方式和“内化”生活方式之间取得平衡

时，中国官员在回答这个问题时表示，中国的z一代并不是“平躺”，这是一个经常被认为是对努力工作的

宽容的表达，而努力仍然是一个认为成功应该通过不懈努力来实现的群体的主流。它指的是不会导致生

产率提高的激烈内部竞争。）和最后一段“Hepointedoutthatitisalsoimportantforcertainyoungpeopleto

realizethatitisunrealistictobuildacareerwithouttakingresponsibilityandmakingendeavor.“Allhappinessis

achievedthroughdevotedeffort,andmakingendeavoritselfisalsoakindofhappiness,“Hestressed.（他指

出，对某些年轻人来说，认识到不承担责任和努力就建立事业是不现实的，这一点也很重要。他强

调：“所有的幸福都是通过努力得来的，努力本身也是一种幸福。”）可知，短文的目的是解决新时代年

轻一代的社会问题。故选D项。

D

Theclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetodecreaseinsize,asmammals（哺孚L动物）withsmallerbodies

appearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexpertsaid.

ProfSteveBrusatte,apalaeontologist（古生物学家）attheUniversityofEdinburgh,suggestedthattheway

inwhichothermammalshavepreviouslyrespondedtoperiodsofclimatechangecouldofferaninsightinto

humans'future.

Hecomparedthepotentialsituationofpeopleassimilartothatofearlyhorses,whichbecamesmallerin

bodysizeastemperaturesrosearound55myearsago,aperiodcalledthePaleoceneEoceneThermalMaximum.

WritinginTheRiseandReignoftheMammals,Brusattenotesthatanimalsinwarmerpartsoftheworld

todayareoftensmallerthanthoseincolderareas,anecologicalprincipleknownasBergmann'srule."Thereasons

arenotentirelyunderstood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmalleranimalshaveahighersurfacearea

comparedtotheirsizethanbiggeranimalsandcanthusbettergetridofextraheat“hewrites.

Brusattesaidthatbecomingsmallerwas“acommonwaythatmammalsdealwithclimatechange”.He

added,"That'snottosayeveryspeciesofmammalwouldgetsmaller,butitseemstobeacommonsurvivaltrick

ofmammalswhentemperaturesspikeprettyquickly,whichdoesraisethequestion:iftemperaturesdospikereally

quickly,mighthumansdwarf,mighthumansgetsmaller?AndIthinkthafscertainlyconvincing.^^

Inarecentstudy,researchersstudyinghumanremainsoverthepastmillionyearshavealsosuggestedthat

temperatureisamajorpredictorofbodysizevariation,whilescientistsstudyingreddeerhavesaidthatwarmer

wintersinnorthernEuropeandScandinaviamayleadtothebodysizeoftheseanimalsbecomingsmaller.

However,notallexpertsagreethatrisingtemperaturecausesmammalstodecease.ProfAdrianLister,ofthe

NaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,saidtherelationshipshownbytherecenthumanremainsstudyisweak,

whilethestrongrelationshipbetweentemperatureandmammalbodysizemayoftenresultfromtheavailabilityof

foodandresources.

Listerdoubtswhetherhumanswillshrinkastheclimateheats.44Wearenotreallycontrolledbynatural

selection,hesaid."Ifthatwasgoingtohappen,you'dneedtofindlargepeopledyingbeforetheycould

reproducebecauseofclimatewarming.Thatisnothappeningintoday'sworld.Wewearclothes,wehavegot

heating,wehavegotairconditioningifitistoohot.”

12.Accordingtothepassage,theearlyhorsesgotsmallerinbodysize.

A.tokeepcoolB.tosavefood

CtokeepwarmD.toavoidbeingkilled

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"spike“inthe5thparagraphmean?

A.RiseB.DropC.BalanceD.Change

14.WhatisBrusattemostlikelytoagreewith?

A.Everyspeciesofmammalwouldgetsmallerasthetemperaturegoesup.

B.Animalsinwarmerareasaredefinitelysmallerthanthoseincolderareas.

C.Smalleranimalshaveahighersurfaceareaandsotheycancooldownquickly.

D.ThechangeofMammals5bodysizeiscloselyrelatedtotheirfoodandotherresources.

15.Whafsthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ClimateChangeCausesNaturalDisasters.B.ClimateChangeLeadstoHeatedDiscussions.

C.ClimateChangeCausesChangesinBodySize.D.ClimateChangeLeadstoChangedLifestyle.

【答案】12.C13.A14.C15.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是对气候变暖与人类体形之间关系的两种观点。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"Theclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetodecreaseinsize,asmammals（哺孚L

动物）withsmallerbodiesappearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexpert

said.（一位著名化石专家说，气候危机可能导致人类体型变小，因为体型较小的哺乳动物似乎更能应对全

球气温上升）”;第三段"Hecomparedthepotentialsituationofpeopleassimilartothatofearlyhorses,which

becamesmallerinbodysizeastemperaturesrosearound55myearsago,aperiodcalledthePaleoceneEocene

ThermalMaximum.（他将人类的潜在情况与早期马的情况进行了比较。大约5500万年前，随着气温的升

高，马的体型变小了，这一时期被称为古新世始新世热极大期）”和第四段"Thereasonsarenotentirely

understood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmalleranimalshaveahighersurfaceareacomparedtotheirsize

thanbiggeranimalsandcanthusbettergetridofextraheat（原因尚不完全清楚，但部分原因可能是，与体型

相比，较小的动物的表面积比较大的动物要大，因此可以更好地排出多余的热量）”可知，早期的马体形

变小是为了对抗气温升高。故选C。

【13题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第一段"Theclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetodecreaseinsize,asmammals（哺乳

动物）withsmallerbodiesappearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexpert

said.（一位著名化石专家说，气候危机可能导致人类体型变小，因为体型较小哺乳动物似乎更能应对全

球气温上升）”和戈II线词后文uiftemperaturesdospikereallyquickly,mighthumansdwarf,mighthumansget

smaller?（如果气温确实迅速上升，人类可能会变矮，人类可能会变小吗？）”可知，在温度高的地区，动

物体形会变小，这是他们应对气候变化的生存技巧，故spike意为“升高”。故选A。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段""Thereasonsarenotentirelyunderstood,butitisprobably,inpart,becausesmaller

animalshaveahighersurfaceareacomparedtotheirsizethanbiggeranimalsandcanthusbettergetridofextra

heat”hewrites.（他写道：“原因尚不完全清楚，但部分原因可能是，与体型相比，小型动物的表面积比大

型动物大，因此可以更好地排出多余的热量。“）”可知，Brusatte最可能同意的观点是较小的动物有较大

的表面积，所以它们能很快冷却下来。故选C。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Theclimatecrisismayleadthehumanracetodecreaseinsize,asmammals（哺乳

动物）withsmallerbodiesappearbetterabletodealwithrisingglobaltemperatures,aleadingfossilexpert

said.（一位著名化石专家说，气候危机可能导致人类体型变小，因为体型较小的哺乳动物似乎更能应对全

球气温上升）”结合文章主要说明了气候变暖与人类体形之间关系的两种观点。可知，C选项“气候变化

导致体型变化”最符合文章标题。故选C。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Peopledisagreeaboutmeaningfulandsmallmattersonadailybasis.Sometimesyouknowifyouspeakyour

mindyouwillupsetsomeone.However,youoftenmustexpressyouropinionevenifyouknowotherswilldisagree.

Bychoosingyourwordscarefullyyoucanavoidalong-termoffense（冒犯）.

“Askpeopleabouttheirperspective（观点）.Beforebeinghonestabouthowyoufeel,ifsimportanttoknow

theirperspective.Thisgivesyouachancetoshowgenuineinterestandhaveaconversation.16They

mayevenendtheirexplanationwitharequesttohearyourperspective.

,Putyourselfintheirshoes.Oneofthesimplestwaystoavoidhurtingfeelingsistoimaginehowtheywill

respondtoyourstatements17Practiseimagininghowtheyviewtheirownopinionandyours.Justbecause

theirperspectiveisdifferentdoesn'tmeanit'swrong.

,18Becarefulwithyourhonesty.Youwanttospeakthetruthinkindness.Thatmeansavoiding

obviousnegativebehaviorssuchasmakingafaceormakingfunoftheirideas.

,Bepoliteinyourresponses.Wheneveryoutrytoavoidhurtingothersitisbesttospeakwithkindness.

Simpleactsofkindnesscanmakeabigdifference.Theyconveyrespectandshowthatyouvaluetheotherperson.

Thissituationisn'tallaboutyouspeakingyourmind.19

,Expressyourperspectiveasopinion,notfact.Thisshowsyouvaluetheirperspective,evenifyouknowthe

factsbackyouup.Iftheyhaveanopenmind,factswillchangetheirperspective.Iftheydonothaveanopenmind,

factswillfeellikepersonalattacks.20Allowthemtodiscoverthetruthintheirownway,notyours.

A.Theyhavearighttobeincorrect.

B.It'saboutthemfeelingvalued.

C.Controlyourwordsandbodylanguage.

D.Iftheysaidthattoyou,wouldyoubeupset?

E.Listeningtoothers9opinionisaverypowerfulway.

F.Usefactsandtrytoavoidlettingyouremotionsrunhigh.

G.Thismayalsogiveyouopportunitiestospeakupandbehonest.

【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.B20.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们几条关于如何在不伤害他人感情的情况下保持诚实的建议。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Thisgiv