RCNP04-路由信息协议RIP

路由信息协议RIP议程动态路由:距离向量路由环路及其消除方法有类路由协议和无类路由协议配置RIPV1和RIPV2在NBMA网络中运行距离向量距离向量工作特点:定期向邻居路由器发送路由表的副本并且计算距离向量

距离:度量值

向量:方向RIP(路由信息协议)

RIPV1发送地址:255.255.255.255(本地播送)

RIPV2发送地址:224.0.0.9(所有的RIPV2路由器)

RIP使用UDP协议520端口发送路由信息B-F算法ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0S0E0S0S01200E0S0S0S01200S0S1S1S01100以时间驱动AB更新路由表网络拓扑

结构

发生改变等待下一个发送

周期通告更新后

全部的路由表

更新路由表议程动态路由:距离向量路由环路及其消除方法有类路由协议和无类路由协议配置RIPV1和RIPV2在NBMA网络中运行距离向量路由环路ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0XS0E0S0S0120DownE0S0S0S01200S0S1S1S01100路由环路ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0X10.3.0.0S0S0S0S01210.1.0.010.2.0.010.4.0.00210.1.0.0E0S0S0S01210.4.0.010.3.0.010.2.0.00010.2.0.0S0S1S1S11110.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.000路由环路ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0XS0S0S0S01210.3.0.010.1.0.010.2.0.010.4.0.002E0S0S0S01410.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.010.2.0.000S0S1S1S03110.2.0.010.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.000路由环路ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0XS0S0S0S01204E0S0S0S01610.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.010.2.0.000S0S1S1S05110.2.0.010.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.000定义最大值为15ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0X10.3.0.0S0S0S0S01210.1.0.010.2.0.010.4.0.0016E0S0S0S011610.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.010.2.0.000S0S1S1S016110.2.0.010.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.000解决路由环路的方法:水平分割ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0XXX10.3.0.0S0S0S0S01210.1.0.010.2.0.010.4.0.000E0S0S0S01210.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.010.2.0.000S0S1S1E11210.2.0.010.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.000解决收敛问题:路由毒化ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0X10.3.0.0S0S0S0S01210.1.0.010.2.0.010.4.0.00

1610.1.0.0E0S0S0S01210.4.0.010.3.0.010.2.0.00010.2.0.0S0S1S1E11210.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.000Subnet10.4.0.0metric16确认收敛:逆向毒化ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0X10.3.0.0S0S0S0S01210.1.0.010.2.0.010.4.0.00

1610.1.0.0E0S0S0S01210.4.0.010.3.0.010.2.0.00010.2.0.0S0S1S1E1Possibly

Down210.1.0.010.4.0.010.3.0.000Subnet10.4.0.0metric16Hold-down倒记时等待网络中其它路由器收敛,在该时间内不学习任何与该网络相关的路由信息(RIP缺省180秒),在倒记时其间继续向其它路由器发送毒化信息ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0Xhold-down倒记时以后更新路由表hold-down倒记时以后更新路由表触发更新得知网络拓扑结构发生改变,不等待发送周期,立刻通告更新后全部的路由表ABCE0S0S0S1S0E0X

subnet10.4.0.0,

metric16

subnet10.4.0.0,

metric16

subnet10.4.0.0,

metric16议程动态路由:距离向量路由环路及其消除方法有类路由协议和无类路由协议配置RIPV1和RIPV2在NBMA网络中运行距离向量有类路由协议的工作特点有类路由协议的工作特点ABC有类路由协议的工作特点192.168.5.129/27192.168.5.98/27192.168.5.33/27192.168.5.65/27192.168.5.97/27S1S0E1E0E0无类路由协议的工作特点无类路由协议的工作特点ABC无类路由协议的工作特点192.168.5.129/27192.168.5.209/30192.168.5.33/27192.168.5.65/27192.168.5.210/30S1S0E1E0E0议程动态路由:距离向量路由环路及其消除方法有类路由协议和无类路由协议配置RIPV1和RIPV2在NBMA网络中运行距离向量配置RIPV11.启用RIP进程

router(config)#routerrip

router(config-router)#2.配置network命令

router(config-router)#network<主类网络号>

含义:1.公布属于该主类的子网

2.包含在该主类内的接口发送接收路由信息3.配置均衡负载(代价相等)

router(config-router)#maximum-paths<1-6>

缺省为“4”4.配置RIP发布初始度量值

router(config-router)#default-metric<1-4294967295>

缺省为“5”

建议设置为“1”配置RIPV21.启用RIPV2进程

router(config)#routerrip

router(config-router)#version22.在主类边界关闭自动汇总

router(config-router)#noauto-summaryRIP的调试验证RIP的配置

router#showipprotocols显示路由表的信息

router#showiproute去除IP路由表的信息

router#cleariproute*在控制台显示RIP的工作状态

router#debugiprip议程动态路由:距离向量路由环路及其消除方法有类路由协议和无类路由协议配置RIPV1和RIPV2在NBMA网络中运行距离向量帧中继网络拓扑结构星形完全网状局部网状路由的可达性路由更新ACB231BCDA将物理接口划分子接口S0物理接口S0.1S0.2S0.3配置F-R点对点子接口interfaceSerial0noipaddressencapsulationframe-relayinterfaceSerial0.2point-to-pointipframe-relayinterface-dlci110interfaceSerial0.3point-to-pointipframe-relayinterface-dlci120A10.17.0.1

s0.2Bs0.3CDLCI=110DLCI=120配置F-R点对多点子接口interfaceSerial2noipaddressencapsulationframe-relayinterfaceSerial2.2multipointi