河南省豫北2024届高考全国卷24省1月联考乙卷英语试题含解析

河南省豫北名校2024届高考全国卷24省1月联考乙卷英语试题

注意事项：

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第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1.一Areyoureadytoleave?

—Almost,I'llbereadytogojustassoonasIputtingthecleandishesaway.

A.getthroughB.giveup

C.carryoutD.setabout

2.If_______intheelevator,pleasepresstheemergencybuttonimmediately.

A.trappedB.trapping

C.havingtrappedD.tobetrapped

3.Thegovernmentspokesmanhastohiswordsbeforerespondingtoreporters.

A.passB.weighC.coverD.express

4.Asisoftenthecase,therearealwayssomeobstaclesintheway,somethingbeforewerealizetherealgoalof

education.

A.tobegotthroughB.gotthrough

C,gettingthroughD.havingbeengotthrough

5.WecancommunicatepeopleineverypartoftheworldtheInternet.

A.with；withB.with；through

C.through；throughD.through；with

6.ManyquestionshavebeenansweredbyJohn.Hemusthavepreviewedthelessonslastnight,he?

A.needn'tB.hasn'tC.didn'tD.mustn't

7.It*s_______mewhyAlicegaveupherjobandgotmarried.

A.underB.aboveC.overD.beyond

8.Theathletes,especiallythewinners,shouldremainmodestrapidprogresstheyhavemade.

A.whateverB.however

C.howmuchD.nomatter

9.Sitdown,Emma.Youwillonlymakeyourselfmoretired,onyoufeet.

A.tokeepB.keepingC.havingkeptD.tohavekept

10.Someonecalledmeupatmidnight,buthehadhungupIcouldanswerthephone.

A.asB.since

C.untilD.before

11.Sometimesitseemstobothertheteacherallthestudentsarebeingtooquiet.

A.howB.what

C.thatD.where

12.Morecompetitivehigh-techenterprisesareinvestinginNantongCentralInnovationDistrict,whichwillresultin

economicgrowth.

A.sustainableB.adaptableC.recyclableD.changeable

13.Don'tleavematchesorcigarettesonthetablewithinofchildren.

A.stretchB.expandC.reachD.extend

14.Thisisaveryinterestingbook.Filbuyit,・

A.howevermuchitmaycostB.nomatterhowitmaycost

C.howmuchmayitcostD.howevermanyitmaycost

15.AlotoffoodaswellassometentstoYushusincetheearthquakeoccurred.

A.hasbeentransportedB.havebeentransported

C.isbeingtransportedD.aretransported

16.Advertisingoftenfunctionsasanindicatorforsocietyconsiderstobesociallyacceptableanddesirableatthe

time.

A.whatB.whether

C.howD.which

17.TheBrownsheldtheycalled^familyday”onceeachyear.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when

18.JohnanNBAplayoffgameonTVnow.

A.watchesB.watchedC.willwatchD.iswatching

19.TheEnglishinthisstoryhasbeensimplifiedtomakeiteasier.

A.tobeunderstoodB.understoodC.understandingD.tounderstand

20.IfyouwanttoseeMr.JohnsononFridaymorning,makesureheisaheadoftime.

A.approachableB.accessibleC.availableD.convenient

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Askingapatienttohum（哼唱）pianotunesandplayfininstrumentwhileundergoingbrainsurgery（手

术）maysoundlikeastrangerequestfromadoctor.However,thatisexactlywhatateamofbrainspecialists;ledby

Pilcher,requestedDanFabbiotodo.

In2015,thethen25-year-oldmusicianwasdiagnosedwithabraintumor（肿瘤），whichwaslocatedinthepartof

thebrainknowntobeactivewhenpeoplelistentoandmakemusic."Removingatumorfromthebraincanhave

signiHcantconsequencesdependingonitslocation,"Pilchersays."Boththetumorandtheoperationcandamagetissue

andaffectcommunicationbetweendifferentpartsofthebrain.”

Fabbio,therefore,fearedthesurgerywouldcausehimtolosehismusicalability.Topreventthatfromhappening,

Pilcherandhiscolleaguedesignedmanytests,includingaskingFabbiotolistentopianotunesandhumbackduring

MRIscans.Thisenabledthephysicianstolocatetheareathatisvitalformusicandlanguageprocessingandcreatea

3-DmapofFabbio'sbrain.

Despitethegreatstartingpoint,it_wasnotaperfectwaytopreventpossibledamagetothe.Theonlywaywasto

keepthepatientawakeandaskhimtohumpianotunesduringthesurgerysothatthesurgeonscouldidentifytheareas

toavoid.Whilethesurgerywentsmoothly,therealtestcamewhenFabbiowasaskedtoplayasongonhis

saxophone.Thetune

hadbeensimplifiedtoensurethatitwouldnotrequiretoomuchstrengthandcauseharmtothestitches（缝线）inthe

brain.Heplayeditfaultlessly,andwhenhefinished,theentireoperatingroomeruptedinapplause.

Theresearcherssaythatayearafterthegroundbreakingsurgery,theyoungmusiciancanonceagainheartunesin

everything-evenhiselectrictoothbrush.

1、WhatcanweinferfromPilcher'swordsinParagraph2?

A.Fabbio'sbrainwasseriouslydamaged.

B.Thesurgerywouldbeahugechallenge.

C.Fabbio'sbrainpartsfailedtocommunicate.

D.Thesurgeryhadtobeperformedimmediately.

2、WhafsthemajordifficultyinFabbio'ssurgery?

A.Tokeephisbrainactive.

B.Tohelphimovercomefear.

C.Toprotecthismusicalability.

D.Toenablehimtoplayaninstrument.

3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto?

A.Creatinga3-DmapofFabbio'sbrain.

B.RemovingthetumorfromFabbio'sbrain.

C.KeepingFabbioawakeduringthesurgery.

D.ListeningtopianotunesduringMRIscans.

4、WhywasFabbiorequestedtohumpianotunesduringthesurgery?

A,Tosavehisstrength.

B.Tocheckthesurgeryresult.

C.Tomakethestitchesworkeasier.

D.Tolocatethevitalareaformusic.

22・（8分）ItwasamorninginJanuary.Thejetstream（急流）haddippeddown,causingtheArcticcoldtoreach

themountainsofmyhome.Itwasonly2degreesoutside,butthecoldwindmadeitfeellikeitwas15belowzero.Still,I

waskneelinginthesnowalongsidemyhousetryingtoopenatinydoor,soIeouklgetin.1hadforgottentoleavemy

waterdrippingthenightbeforeandnowmywaterpipeswerefrozenandmyfaucets（水龙头）weredry.

ThewindcutintomelikeaknifewhileIstruggledtogettwoelectricheatersinplacearoundthesectionoffrozen

pipes.Thewaterlineswereburiedexceptforasmallpiecethatconnecteduptomyhouse.Iputaheateroneachsideof

it,rantheextensioncords（软线）intomyhouseandpluggedthemin.Bothheatersroaredtolifeandstartedblowinghot

aironthefrozenwaterpipes.Myfingershadalreadystartedtogonumb,soIstayedinsidetowait.Icouldonlyhope

thatthisbitofwarmthcouldgetmywaterflowingagain.Finally,aftertwentyminutes,thewaterstartedflowing

throughmyfaucetsagain.Iwentbackoutsideintothebillercoldandgatheredmyheatersup.Ilookedattheweak

Januarysunshiningonthefrozensnowandsmiled.ThenIsentajoyfilledwithnThankyou*,heavenwardand

returnedinsidetomakemyselfahotbreakfast.

Sometimesthecoldnessofthislifecangettousaswell.Itcanmakeourheartsfeelicyandfrozen.Itcankeepour

kindnessandlovefromflowingouttoothers.Sometimes,though,allweneedisabitofwarnthtogetusgoingagain.It

canbeasimplesmile,akindword,aheart-felthug,amorningsunrise,abird*ssongoranygentlereminderofjusthow

muchGodlovesus.Letusallbegratefulforthosebitsofwarmththatgelusgoingagain.Andletusalltrytobethatbit

ofwannthforotherseverychanceweget.

1>Whatwasthedirectreasonwhythewaterpipeswerefrozen?

A.Thejetstream.

B,Thelowtemperature.

C.Thecoldwind.

D.Theauthor'sowncarelessness.

2、WhichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrasenroaredtoinParagraph2?

A.Beganfunctioningsmoothly.

B,Workedinappropriately.

C.Brokedownsuddenly.

D.Screamedoutloudly.

3、Whatdidtheauthorthinkofhiswork?

A.Embarassed.

B.Satisfied.

C.Madwithjoy.

D.Cautiouslyoptimistic.

4、Whatisthelastparagraphmainlycenteredon?

A.Thecoldnessoflifehasanegativeeffectonourlifequality.

B.Wemeetwiththecoldnessoflifeunavoidablyandunwillingly.

C.Weshouldbethankfulforbitsofwarmthoflife.

D.Weshouldseizeeverychancetoreceivewarmthoflifefromothers.

23.（8分）EarlyintheIliadsHomer*sepicpoem（史诗）aboutthelegendary,TrojanWar,thereoccursafamous

anecdoteknownasthecatalogueofships,whichnamesalltheGreekleadersandcontingents（d、分队）whocametofight

atTroy.Beforeunfoldingthisimpressivemusterroll（花名册），Homermakesaspecial,publicappealtotheMusesto

ensurehegetsthefactsright:

Tellmenow,Muses,whohaveyourhomesonOlympus-foryouaregoddesses,andever-present,andknowallthings,

andwehearonlyrumour:nordoweknowanything

Theselinesreflectacentralclaimofepicpoetry-thatthroughtheinspirationoftheMuses,daughtersofMemory,

itcanpreservetheknowledgeofpeopleandtheeventsofthepast-aformidablepowerinthenon-literate,oralcultures

inwhichtheIliadevolved.TheIliadwascomposedaround750-2BC,butitsoriginslieatleastsomefivecenturies

earlier,deepintheMycenaeanBronzeAge---theworldtheIliadpoeticallyevokes.

TheIliadiskeenlyawareofitsroleasthekeeperofmemory,andcredibilityiscentraltoitsstorytelling.Theepicis

aworkoffiction,andrelatestheeventsofafewweeksinthetenthandHnalyearoftheTrojanWarfoughtbetween

GreeksandTrojansoverbeautifulHelen,theGreekqueenwhodesertedherhusbandtoelopewithaTrojanprince.Its

castofcharactersincludesnotonlywarriorsandtheircaptivesandfamilies,buttheimmortalOlympiangods,who

performmanysupernaturalactsinthecourseoftheireagerparticipationintheactionaroundTroy.

TheIliadhasthereputationforbeinganexclusively（专门地）maleepic,weakonfemalecharacters,buttochoose

onlyoneexample——Homer'sdelicatecharacterizationofHelenasawomandrivenbyreluctantremorseful，悔t艮的）

passionisashauntingly（萦绕头地）credibleasanyAnnaKarenina.

Longinus,ascholarinthe1stCenturyADwrotethatinrecordingashedoesthewoundingofthegods,their

quarrels,vengeance,tears,imprisonmentandalltheirpassionsHomerhasdonehisbesttomakethemenintheIliad

godsandgodsmen.ThescenebetweenAchillesandPriamdisplaysthisinversionandcrystalliseswhattheIliadpoets

hadlearnedinthecourseoftheepic'sJourney.Thatthegodsweworshipmightnotanswer,andonoccasionhumanity

mustrisetofilltheirplace.Thatgloryiscloselyassociatedwithpainfulloss.Thatthevictorsharesthehumanityofthe

mostvulnerableofthevanquished（战败者）;thatthereisnosuchthingaspurevictoryinwar.

1、TheIliadaboutthelegendaryTrojanWar,mightdatebackto.

A.thethirdcenturyBCB.theseventhcenturyBC

C.theeighthcenturyBCD.thethirteenthcenturyBC

2、Accordingtothepassage,・

A.beingreliableisessentialtothestorytellingoftheIliad

B.TrojanWarbetweenGreeksandTrojanslastedoveradecade

C.TrojanWarendedowningtotheOlympiangods'absence

D.beautifulHelenisawomanworthrespectingintheIliad

3、WhydoestheIliadhavethereputationforbeinganexclusivelymaleepic?

A.Becauseitfocusesonlyonmenandwar.

B.Becausetoofewfemaleswerewelldepicted.

C.Becauseitscastofcharactersincludesonlymales.

D.BecauseHelenwasdescribedasapassionatewoman.

4、Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoesn'tagreewiththeauthor'sidea?

A.Purevictoryinwardoesnotexistatall.

B.Gloryisnaturallyaccompaniedwithsaddeningloss.

C.Thevictorgainseverythingwithoutanyemotionalloss.

D.Boththevictorandthevanquishedsharethesamehumanity.

24.（8分）EverylivingthingonEarthiseitheraplantorananimal,right?Wrong!Manyorganisms（有机体）inour

worldareneither.Someofthemfloatthroughtheair,andsomeliehiddenintheground.Theydonotneedsunlightto

survive,andiftheweatherbecomestoocold,theycanbecomeinactiveuntilconditionsimprove.

Whatarethese?Theyarecalledfungi（菌类）,andyouseethemalmosteveryday.Manykindsoffungiseem

disqusting,suchasthegreenblackthingsthatappearonthefoodwhicharelefttoolongintherefrigerator.Butother

kindsarenotsobad.Forexample,theyeast（酵母）thatisusedtomakebreadandmushroomsarebothfungi.

Whatmakesfungidifferentfromplantsandanimals?Ananimalcanmovearoundbyitself.Fungigetaroundtoo,

buttheydon'thavefeet,wings,ortails.Theyhavetowaitforwindorsomeotheroutsideforcetomovethem.Plantsare

differentfromfungibecausetheyhavechlorophyll（叶绿素）.Ithelpsthemmakefoodfromtheenergyinsunlight.Fungi

donothavechlorophyll.

Somefungiarebad,whileothersarenotSomefungicausediseases,suchasathlete'sfoot,whichmakesfeet

uncomfortable.Otherkindsoffungicanbeusedtomakemedicines,whichhavesavedmanylives.

Fungicleanupmorethanwounds,though.Theyaretheworld'sfirstrecyclers.Withoutfungi,ourworldwouldbe

amess.Sincefungicannotmaketheirownfoodasplantsdo,theymustgettheirfoodelsewhere.Manyfungigettheir

foodfromdeadplants.Theybreakthemdownandturnthemintosoil.Thefungigetameal,andtheworldgetsa

housecleaning.

1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"disgusting“mostprobablymean?

A.strong.B.unpleasant.

C.active.D.small.

2、Accordingtothepassage,・

A.fungicanmoveeverywherebythemselves

B.fungiareunabletosurviveincoldconditions

C.somefungicanmakefoodfromtheenergyinsunlight

D.somefungiareusefultohumansandtheenvironment

3、Wherecanyoumostprobablyfindthispassage?

A.Inasocialreport.

B.Inabiologybook.

C.Inageographymagazine.

D.Inafarmingbook.

25.（10分）Whatcana4-year-olddotoendhunger?Startahunger-relieforganization.Whenmostkidswerejust

enteringpreschool,JoshuaWilliamsdiscoveredthatpeoplerightinhisneighborhoodwentwithoutfood.Thissurprised

theyoungMiamiresident,sowiththesupportofhisfamily,WilliamsfoundedJoshua'sHeartFoundation,anon-profit

organizationdevotedtothefightagainstglobalhungerthroughthecommunityserviceofyoungpeople.

Nowahighschoolsenior,Williamsisaherofortheone-in-sixAmericanswhofacehunger.Joshua'sHeart

Foundationincludesmorethan12,500teensand4,000adultsamongthevolunteersWilliamsinspires.Inadditionto

providingitemsofbasicnecessitytothoseinneed,Williams9foundationalsoeducatescommunitiesaboutwaystofight

hunger.Todate,Joshua'sHeartFoundationhasdistributedmorethan1,600,000poundsoffoodandassistedover

400,000individuals,alongwithteachingsomefoodrecipientshowtopreparehealthymeals.

Inadditiontobeinganadvocatefortheneedy,Williamsisapopularspeaker.Hetravelsinternationallytocreate

awarenessabouthunger.TheseleadershipopportunitieshaveallowedWilliamstopartnerwithwell-knownbrands,

includingDisney,WalgreensandUnilever.

In2013,heappearedinTheWayKidsSeeIt,adocumentaryshortfilmbyUnileverthatcapturesideasand

inspirationforcreatingabrighterfuturefromchildrenallovertheworld.Ayearlater,heparticipatedintwoservice

programs:ayear-longcampaignwithMilkLifeaboutdonatingmilktofoodbanks,andDisney'sMakeYourMark

campaignfeaturingkidsmakingadifference.

Williamskeepsabalancebetweenhighschoollifeandhispassionforhelpingothers.Hecontinuestoseekwaysto

inspireyoungpeopletomakeadifferencetoothers'lives.Afterhighschoolgraduation,hehopestostudybusinessand

computerscienceatStanfordandcontinuetorunJoshua'sHeartFoundation.

1、WhatinspiredJoshuatofoundJoshua'sHeartFoundation?

A.Someteens'communityservice.

B.Someneighbors9lackoffood.

C.Globalfightagainsthunger.

D.Hisfamily'ssupport.

2、WhichisacontributionmadebyJoshua'sHeartFoundation?

A.Donatingmilktofoodbanks.

B.Feedingmorethan12,500teens.

C.Providingpeoplewithhealthyrecipes.

D.Givingoutover400,000poundsoffood.

3、WhydidUnileverproduceTheWayKidsSeeIt?

A.Toshowideasfromhighschoolstudents.

B.Tohelpkidsunderstandthefutureworld.

C.Toinspirekidstopreparefortheirfuture.

D.Tocontributetochildren'spromisingfuture.

4、WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeJoshua?

A.Warm-heartedanddetermined.

B.Independentandconsiderate.

C.Optimisticandhumorous.

D.Easy-goingandmodest.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、

C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）Anaccidentalinjurytaughtmehowtodealwithmysiblings（兄弟姐妹）.

Onatypicalautumn1,theeightpeopleofourafterschoolcarpool（拼车）2intoacarbuiltforseven.

Mybrotherteasedmetheentirewayhome.Hearingthe3inthebackofthecar,mymotherdroppedusofffirst.

Aswe4thecar,Iranaftermylittlebrother,planningongettingbackathim.Becauseofmy5

backpack,uncomfortableshoes,andterriblesenseofbalance.Ifellonthehardpavement.6,wholecarpool

rushedtomyaid.Theyliftedmyweightybackpack,7myfallenitems,andhelpedmestandup.Withtearsin

myeyes,Idraggedmyselfintothe8,

“YourealizeIwill9youforchasingyourbrotherafterthis,“mymomsaidtomeinhermost10

voice.Sheobviouslydidn'tknowhowmuchIwas11,orshewouldhavebeenmore12,Icomplainedto

herthepainIwasfeelinginmyright13,ThebonedoctorconcludedthatIhada14breakinmyright

elbow.

Igot15atschoolthenextdaybecausefriendssurroundedmecarefully.Butbreakingmyarmhadmore_

16thatbenefits.Iwas17towritewithmylefthand.Ihadtowrapmyarmingarbagebagbefore18

andIhadtogotohealthinsteadofPE.

19itwasanawfulweek,IthinkIdeservedit20plottingrevenge（报复）againstmybrother.Since

then,therehasn'tbeenanythingdisharmoniousamongoursiblings.

1、A.morningB.afternoonC.eveningD.night

2、A.dashedB.steppedC.piledD.looked

3、A.fightB.jokeC.cryD.noise

4、A.stoppedB.fixedC.exitedD.returned

5、A.hugeB,fullC.newD.heavy

6、A.SwiftlyB.SuddenlyC.FortunatelyD.Eventually

7、A.countedB.collectedC.cleanedD.stored

8、A.schoolB.carC.clinicD.house

9、A.punishB.lookintoC.comfortD.worryabout

10、A.peacefulB.carefulC.severeD.familiar

11、A.astonishedB.movedC.inspiredD.hurt

12、A.sensitiveB.concernedC.anxiousD.disappointed

13、A.legB.armC.footD.hand

14、A.seriousB.slightC.commonD.special

15、A.rewardB.respectC.attentionD.privilege

16、A.troubleB.painC.loseD.business

17、A.expectedB.advisedC.instructedD.forced

18、A.swimmingB.showeringC.treatingD.sleeping

19、A.SinceB.IfC.AlthoughD.When

20、A.forB.onC.withD.as

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

27.（15分）FelicityMiller,a32-year-oldBritishwoman,hasaChinesehusband,stillremembersthe2.（excite）when

shefirstlearnedtousethe“redpacket95functiononWeChatin2015.Shesentandgrabbedsomeredpacketsinher

Chinesefamily'sgroup.Theruleinherfamilywasthatthepersonwhograbbedthe3.(high)amountsentthenext.

Attractedbytheuniquewayofcommunicating,manyforeigners4.(join)insendingandgrabbingredpacketssofar.

Usually,themoneyineachpacketisrandom.Thustheamountofmoneyonecangrab5.(large)dependsonhisorher

luck,from0.01yuantolessthan200yuan.Manyforeignersgetmorefamiliar6,Chineseculturethrough"red

packets”.Twoyearsago,whenFelicityMillerwassent5.20or8.88yuanredpackets,shehadnoclueaboutthe7.(hide)

meanings.Now,shehasknownaboutthem.However,thepopularityofvirtualredpacketsdoesn'tstoppeoplesending

paperredpackets8.(contain)realcashduringtheSpringFestival.It9.(call)luckymoney.InChinesetradition,people

takeluckymoneyforchildrenas10,blessing.

第四部分写作(共两节)第一节短文改错(满分10分)

28.(10分)文中共有10处语言错误，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线(),并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

ItwasonawarmautumndaythatmyfatherandIwalkintomynewhighschool.Afterregisteredintheclassroom,I

wastakentomydormitorybythevolunteer.AltogetherIhadfiveroommates,twoofwhicharrivedlater.Igottoknow

mynewroommateimmediately.AlthoughIwasquiteunwillingtosay“Goodbye”tomyfather,buthehadtoleaveto

myhometownintheevening.IsuddenlyrealizedIhadgrownupandthatIhadtolookaftermeandliveindependently.

NotuntilthenIknowmyseniorhighschoollifehadrealbegun.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

29.(25分)假定你是学生会主席李华，你班班长陈丽将要去“醴陵全域旅游协会”(All-for-oneTourismAssociation

inLiling)应聘一份当志愿者(volunteer)的暑期兼职工作，她想请你给她写一封推荐信，向“醴陵全域旅游协会”推荐她,

介绍她的一些个人信息。要点如下：

1.陈丽的个性特点以及专长。

2.陈丽平时在校的表现(她的学业表现和获奖情况等)。

注意：1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。

DearChairman,

IamLiHua,ChenLi'sclassmateandalsochairmanoftheStudents'Union....

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

参考答案

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1、A

2、A

3、B

4、A

5、B

6、C

7、D

8、A

9、B

10、D

11、C

12、A

13、C

14、A

15、A

16、A

17、B

18、D

19、D

20、C

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21、1、B

2、C

3、A

4、D

22、1、D

2、A

3、B

4、C

23、1、D

2、A

3、B

4、C

24、【推理关系】题干Whatdoestheunderlinedword"disgusting"mostprobablymean?0"文章内容notbad和

disgusting是反义词19PB.选项unpleasant

【名师点睛】猜测词义题之依据反义词和对比关系猜测词义

依据反义词和对比关系猜测词义

运用对比手法描述事物或现象是文章写作的一种常用的修辞手法。在这种修辞手段下，作者常借用一些信号词来提供

相反信息，从而表明一个词与前面的另一个词互为反义。常用的信号词有：but/yet/however/nevertheless;while/but

otherwise/orelse;unlike/instead/ratherthan;bycontrast/comparedto;onthecontrary/ontheotherhand等。

1、D

细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Theydonotneedsunlighttosurvive,iftheweatherbecomestoocold,theycan

becomeinactiveunt