2024届广东省韶关市高三年级下册综合测试（二）英语试题（含解析）

2024届广东省韶关市高三下学期综合测试（二）英语试题

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

ThecuisinethatmarksChristmasisasdiverseasthepeoplefeastingonit.Here'salook

athowthelocalscelebrateChristmasthroughcuisineintheircountries,whichwillgiveyoua

glimpseofthecelebrations.

England

TherealfestivitiesstartonChristmasmorningwithchampagneandsmokedsalmon.

AftertheKing'sorQueen'sannualChristmasspeech,ifstimeforthemainmeal,typically

includingaturkeyorroastbeefaccompaniedbyvarioussidedishes.

France

TheFrenchcelebratetheirChristmasEvewithalavishmeal,withseafoodservedfirst.

Themaincourseusuallyconsistsofaroosterthat'srenownedforitstenderness.Finered

winefromBurgundycan'tbemissedofcourse.

Italy

SimilartoFrance,ItalianscelebrateChristmasontheeve.Thelocalstypicallyattend

midnightMassandthenindulgeinalavishmealbeforeheadingtochurch.Forthemain

course,northernItaliansoftenhavestuffedturkey,whilethoseinseasideareasmayfeastona

largebakedseabassaccompaniedbyroastedpotatoesandvegetables.

Greece

AfterattendinganearlymorningholycommunioninchurchonChristmas,Greeksgo

homeforanall-dayeatinggathering.Familiesgatheraroundthefireplace,feastingona

specialwheatbreadonlymadeatChristmas.Later,themaincoursemayincluderoast

chickenstuffedwithchestnuts.

1.WhatactivitydistinguishesEnglandinChristmascelebration?

A.Theseafood-themeddinner.B.TheyearlyRoyaladdress.

C.Thereligiousceremony.D.Themaincoursefeaturingturkey.

2.Toexperiencethereligiousatmosphere,you'dbetterspendChristmasin.

A.FranceandItaly.B.EnglandandFrance.

C.EnglandandGreece.D.ItalyandGreece.

3.Fromwhichcolumnofthemagazineisthepassageprobablyfrom?

A.Religionandculture.B.Dietandhealth.

C.Festivalandtradition.D.Sportsandfitness.

Fornearlytwodecades,athin,sun-burntpostalworkercouldfrequentlybeseen

carryingpackagesalongadangerousmountaintrailintheTaihangMountains.

The1O-kilometer-longroute,whichisbetween20centimetersand1meterwide,is

knownasthe“catroad“bylocals,meaningthatitissodangerousthatonlycatscouldwalk

onit.Whereas,ZhaoYuefang,apostalworkerinEwutownshipinHuguancounty,Shanxi

province,hadtowalktherouteeverydaytodelivermail.

Everydayatthecrackofdawn,hewouldstarthisjourneyalongthe“catroad^^.From

pickinguptheday'sposttodeliveringittovillagersandreturningalongthesameroute,it

tookZhaofourdays.Duringrainyandsnowyseasons,themountainroad,partofwhichhugs

thecliffs,wouldbecomeslipperyanddangerous.Onedayinthewinterof2003,the“catroad”

wascoveredinthicksnowandheslippedoffthetrail.Fortunately,hewasabletostophis

sharpdescentbygrabbingatreebranchandslowlymanagedtoclimbtosafety.

By2012,Zhaohadwalkedmorethan300,000kmanddeliveredover800,000piecesof

mail.Bornandraisedinthedeepmountains,Zhaotrulyunderstandsthesignificanceofmail

deliveriestovillagers.atTheydependonthemailtokeepintouchwiththeoutsideworld/he

said."Theirsheerjoywrittenontheirfacewhilereceivinganypoststruckme,“headded.

In2012,a67-km-longtouristhighwaywasbuiltandgonewerethosedayswhenZhao

riskedhislifetowalkonthe“catroad”.ButZhaowasevenbusierthanbefore.""Thenumber

ofpackagesIhandledailynowexceedsthenumberIusedtodealwithinthepast,“saidZhao,

addingthatvillagersareturningtoonlineshoppingandorderingmoreandmoregoodsby

post.

4.Whyisthemountaintrailreferredtoas“catroad”?

A.It'sshapedlikeacat.B.It'sintendedforcats.

C.Itistoonarrowandrisky.D.Itrainscatsanddogsthere.

5.Whatdoestheword“descent“inparagraph3mean?

A.Fall.B.Pain.

C.Turn.D.Landing.

6.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordscanbestdescribeZhao?

A.Persistentanddedicated.B.Diligentandambitious.

试卷第2页，共10页

C.Considerateandconfident.D.Courageousandgenerous.

7.WhathasalwaysmotivatedZhao'senthusiasmfbrhisjob?

A.Thevillagers'respectforhim.

B.Hisbeingbornandraisedthere.

C.Today'shugenumberofthepackages.

D.Thevalueofthedeliveriestothelocals.

Islifeastoryoragame?Answersmayvaryfromonetoanother.Overthecourseoflife,

wefindthingstoloveandcommitto-ajob,apartneroracommunity.Attimes,we

struggletolearnfromourmisfortunestogrowinwisdom,kindnessandgrace.

WillStorr,awriterwhoseworkIadmire,saysthisstoryversionoflifeisa

misunderstanding.InhisbookTheStatusGame,hearguesthathumanbeingsaredeeply

drivenbystatus.Ratherthanaboutbeinglikedoraccepted,hewrites,it'saboutbeingbetter

thanothers."'Whenpeopleareobedienttous,offerrespect,admirationorpraise,thafsstatus.

Itfeelsgood.^^

Lifeisaseriesofgames,headds.There?sthehighschoolgameofcompetingtobethe

popularkid.Thelawyergametomakepartner.Thefinancegametomakethemostmoney.

Theacademicgameforfame.Thesportsgametoshowthatourteamisthebest.Evenwhen

wearetryingtodogood,Storrclaims,we'replayingthe“virtuegame“toshowweare

morallysuperiortoothers.

IthinkStorrisindangerofbecomingoneofthoseguyswhoignorethenobledesiresof

thehumanheartandthecaringelementineveryfriendshipandfamily.Thestatus-madworld

thatStorrdescribesissoloveless.Infact,gamingasawayoflifeisimmature.Maturity

meansrisingabovetheshallowdesire-forstatus-thatdoesn'treallynourishus.It's

aboutcultivatingthehigherdesires:theloveoftruthandlearning;theinnerpleasurethe

craftsmangetsinhiswork,whichisnotaboutpopularity,andthedesireforagoodand

meaningfullifethatinspirespeopletopractisedailyactsofgenerosity.

Howdopeoplegraduallylearntocultivatethesehighermotivations?Toanswerthat,I'd

havetotellyouastory.

8.WhatliesinthecoreofWillStorr?sopinionaboutlife?

A.Theprideinone'svirtue.B.Thepursuitofsuperiority.

C.Thedesireforacceptance.D.Themotivationbywealth.

9.Whatcanbeviewedashighermotivationsinthetext?

A.Loveandinspiration.B.Maturityanddesire.

C.Commitmentandkindness.D.Friendshipandpopularity.

10.Whafsthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tocorrectanattitude.B.Tocomparetwovalues.

C.Toexplaintwoarguments.D.Tocriticizeaviewpoint.

11.Whatstorydoyouthinktheauthorwilltellnext?

A.Aking^-comebackstory.B.Arags-to-richesstory.

C.AYuanLongping-stylestory.D.Anovernight-successstory.

Wouldapersonbomblind,whohaslearnedtodistinguishobjectsbytouch,beableto

recognizethempurelybysightifheregainedtheabilitytosee?Thequestion,knownas

Molyneux'sproblem,isaboutwhetherthehumanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthat

issoinbornthatablindpersoncouldimmediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.

Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenotinbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringan

objectthroughsight,touchandothersenses.

Aftertheirattempttotestitinblindchildrenfailed,LarsChittkaofQueenMary

UniversityofLondonandhisteamcarriedoutanotherexperimentonbumblebees.Totest

whetherbumblebeescanformaninternalrepresentationofobjects,theyfirsttrainedthe

insectstodistinguishglobesfromcubesusingasugarreward.Thebeeswerefirsttrainedin

thelight,wheretheycouldseebutnottouchtheobjects.Thentheyweretestedinthedark,

wheretheycouldtouchbutnotseetheitems.Theresearchersfoundthattheinsectsspent

moretimeincontactwiththeshapetheyhadbeentrainedtoassociatewiththesugarreward,

eventhoughtheyhadtorelyontouchratherthansighttodistinguishtheobjects.

Theresearchersalsodidtheoppositetestwithuntrainedbumblebees,firstteachingthem

withrewardsinthedarkandthentestingtheminthelight.Again,thebeeswereableto

recognizetheshapeassociatedwiththesugarreward,thoughtheyhadtorelyonsightrather

thantouchinthetest.Inshort,beeshavesolvedMolyneux'sproblembecausethefact

suggeststhattheycanpictureobjectfeaturesandaccessthemthroughsightortouch.

However,someexpertsexpresstheirwarningsagainsttheresult.JonathanBirch,a

philosopherofscience,cautionsthatthebeesmayhavehadpriorexperienceassociating

visualandtactile（触觉）informationaboutstraightedgesandcurvedsurfacesintheirnests.

试卷第4页，共10页

12.WhatisMolyneux'sproblemabout?

A.Whethermankind'ssenseoftouchoutweighssight.

B.Whethermankind'sideaofshapeisinbornorlearned.

C.Whetherblindpeoplecanidentifytheshapeofanitem.

D.Whethertheblindcanregaintheirsenseoftouchafterrecovery.

13.HowdidLorsChittkaandhiscolleaguestrytofigureoutMolyneux'sproblem?

A.Byexperimentationonblindchildren.

B.Byconductingcontrolledexperiments.

C.Byrewardingbumblebeeswithsugar.

D.Byobservingbumblebeesintheirnests.

14.WhatisJonathanBirch5sattitudetowardstheconclusionofthebeeexperiments?

A.Skeptical.B.Supportive.

C.Dismissive.D.Ambiguous.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ScientistsFoundSensesMatter

B.Visual-TactilePuzzleHasBeenSolved

C.ExperimentsWillHelptheBlindRegainSight

D.BumblebeesMayHelpSolveMolyneux'sProblem

DailyHabitstoHelpYouGetHealthierin2024

Manyofushopetomakechangesforthebetterforthenewyear,andhealthgoalstend

tobeatthetopofthatlist.SometimesNewYear'swishesrequiresomesacrifices.16

Belowaresomeachievabledailyhabitsthatkeepyouroverallhealth.

Prioritizesleep.

Yourbodyneedstimenotonlytorestandrecharge,butalsotodoimportantworklike

learningnewthings.Expertssuggestteenagersshouldgetatleasteighthourssleepeachday.

Ifthisisachallengeforyou,turntoyourcircadianrhythm,whichtellsyoutherighttimeto

sleepandwakeup.17Justgotobedandgetupatthesametimeeveryday.

Takeabreakfromelectronics.

Infact,studieshavefoundthatscreenaddictionhasanegativeinfluenceonourhealth.

18Keepingawayfromscreencanimproveyoursleepandreducedepressionandanxiety.

Thus,remembertosparetimeeachdaywhenyou'rescreen-free.

19

Yourhealthyhabitscanalsobefunandrewarding.Whathaveyoualwayswantedtodo?

Youranswertothatquestionmightpointyoutowardanewhobbytoexplorein2024.And

gettingintoitcanhelpyoureducestressandboostmentalwell-being.Plus,somehobbiescan

getyoumoving,boostingyourphysicalandmentalhealth.20

Ultimately,youcanpickoneortwohealthydailyhabits.AndIamsureyou'llbe

movingtowardahealthier,happier2024.

A.Fightagainststress.

B.Takeonanewhobby.

C.Fortunately,doingtheoppositeisbeneficial.

D.Thenhowdoyouuseyourbodyclockforbettersleep?

E.Forbettersleep,perhapsmakethatthelastthingbeforebed.

F.However,wedon'thavetogiveuptoomuchtorealizethem.

G.Maybeplayingbasketballordoingyogawillbeagoodchoice.

二、完形填空

OnahotafternoonRhiannonwasdrivingheroldvandownthehighway.Asshe21

herwindowtoletinsomefreshair,hercarregistrationpaperblewoffthesunvisor（防晒板）

andontothefloorinside.Whenleaningdownto22it,sheaccidentallydriftedinto

oncomingtraffic.Inpanic,sheover-correctedandpulledthe23sharplyintheother

direction.24,thevanrolledoverthreetimes,andRhiannonwasthrownontothe

road,lyinginthemiddleoftheroadandbleeding,nearly25.

Amedicalstudentwitnessedtheaccidentandcametoher26.Hecovered

Rhiannonwithhiscoatandgaveheremergencyfirstaid,including27thewoundon

herleftarmbeforetheambulancearrived.

28,Rhiannonwasrushedtoahospitalwhereanemergencyroomdoctorspent

hours29allthepiecesofwindshield（挡风玻璃）fromherarm,andgaveherthree

dozenstitches（缝针）.

Luckily,Rhiannonwassaved.Notforthebandage,shewouldnothave30long

enoughfortheemergencypersonneltoarrive.ThoughRhiannondidn'tknowhim,shewas

gratefultothemedicalstudentwhosavedherlife.Soshe31thewordsonline,64Ifs

试卷第6页，共10页

apitythatIdon'tknowyourname.Ifyouhappentoseeorhearthisstoryandrecognize

yourself,thankyouforyourkind32

Rhiannonalsohadamessagefortheother33heroes,“Pleaseconsiderthisa

pay-it-forwardletterof34-aletterfromthe35youhelpedwho,for

whateverreason,couldn'tthankyouthemselves.^^

21.A.rolleddownB.brokeoffC.turneddownD.switchedoff

22.A.stickB.grabC.touchD.possess

23.A.handleB.engineC.windowD.wheel

24.A.ConsequentlyB.AutomaticallyC.FrequentlyD.Slowly

25.A.awakeB.astonishedC.unconsciousD.crazy

26.A.visionB.actionC.rescueD.mind

27.A.bandagingB.curingC.pressingD.uncovering

28.A.WithoutdelayB.OutofsympathyC.ForcertaintyD.Indespair

29.A.tidyingB.removingC.collectingD.checking

30.A.sufferedB.struggledC.stayedD.survived

31.A.searchedB.browsedC.receivedD.posted

32.A.guidanceB.gestureC.expressionD.encouragement

33.A.tirelessB.faultlessC.namelessD.speechless

34.A.apologyB.applicationC.invitationD.appreciation

35.A.peersB.strangersC.relativesD.fellows

三、语法填空

阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

ThePeasants(II)

Atnoontheyhoeupweeds;

Theirsweatdripsonthesoil.

Whoknowsthericethatfeeds

Isthefruitofhardtoil!

Foodisanecessityforsurvival.Butdoyouknowhowmuchworkgoesintoproducingit?

ThepoemThePeasants(〃)，36(write)byLiShen,aTangDynastypoet,shows

37(we)thehardshipofthepeasants.

Thefirsttwolinesdescribeacommonscene38peasantsareworkingtheir

landsatnoonwiththesun39(hang)highinthesky,sweatdripping.Inthelasttwo

lines,thepoet40(direct)pointsoutthatthericeweeatisthefruitofpeasants5hard

work.

Simpleasthepoemisinitslanguage,itisprofoundinthetheme,remindingpeople

41thesignificanceoftreasuringfood.AccordingtotheFAO,anestimated1.3billion

tonsoffood,orone-thirdof42totalfoodproducedforhumanconsumption,is

wastedgloballyeachyear.Therefore,ifshighlysuggestedthateverygrainofrice43

(value).InChina,wehaveadoptedalawonfoodwaste44(offer)legalbackingto

thecountry'seffortswhichnotonlysafeguardfoodsecurity45promotethe

traditionalvirtueofthrift(节俭)aswell.

Nexttimeyouwanttothrowawayfood,pleasethinktwice.

四、书信写作

46.假设你是育才中学高三学生李华，上周六你参加了学校举办的大学生返校分享活动。

请为校英语报写一篇英文报道。内容如下：

1.活动目的；

2.活动内容；

3.活动反响。

注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

CollegeStudents9Sharing

五、书面表达

试卷第8页，共10页

47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

IclearlyrememberthedayIwalkedintoclasswithabigchange——myveryfirstpairof

eyeglassesandIwasthefirsttowearglassesinmyprimaryschool.Iwasfilledwith

excitement,eagertoshowthemofftomyfriends.Ihadchosenpinkframedglasses,thinking

theywouldlookfantasticonme.

Ihadneverwornglassesbefore,soselectingthemfeltlikeafunshoppingexperience.I

gottopicktheshapeIlikedandevenchoseaprettypinkandpurplecolourcombination.

Thereasonbehindgettingtheglasseswasmypooreyesight.Icouldn'tcopywordsand

propergrammarfromtheblackboardbecauseIsatatthebackoftheclass,andeverything

wastoovagueformetosee.MyfriendwouldreadaloudeveryphrasetomesothatIcould

writethemdown,likeaparrot.

Wearingthoseglasseswaslikesteppingintoa3Dcinematicworld.Icouldsee

everythingasclearlyandeachtinydetailfeltlikeadelightfulsurprise.

However,onthedayIworemyglassestoschool,everyone'sreactiontomy

transformationwasbeyondmyexpectation.Alltheboyslaughedandeventeasedme.Some

kind-heartedgirlsforcedasmileandtoldmethatmyglasseslookedgoodonme,butIknew

theydidn't.Theyalllied.

ThoughIneededthoseglassesmorethanIwantedthem,yetIstartedtodislikemynew

glassesinthefollowingweek.Amonthpassed,myclassmatesstillweren'tusedtoseeingme

inglassesandItookthemoffduringthelunchbreakorwhentheclassesweredismissed.

However,littledidIknowthatmydecisiontowearthemwouldchangethelivesofmanyof

myfriends.

注意：

L续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

OneMonday,oneofmyfriendslookedatmewithcuriosity.

Aweeklater,Iwasshockedtoseethesamefriendreturntoschoolwithapairofglasses.

试卷第10页，共10页

参考答案:

1.B2.D3.C

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些国家的当地人是如何通过美食来庆祝圣诞节

的。

1.细节理解题。由文章England部分中“AftertheKing'sorQueen5sannualChristmasspeech,

ifstimeforthemainmeal,typicallyincludingaturkeyorroastbeefaccompaniedbyvariousside

dishes.（在国王或女王的年度圣诞演讲之后，是吃正餐的时间，通常包括火鸡或烤牛肉以及

各种配菜。）”可知，在圣诞节庆祝活动中，英国有一年一度的王室致辞。故选B。

2.细节理解题。由文章Italy部分中“SimilartoFrance,ItalianscelebrateChristmasontheeve.

ThelocalstypicallyattendmidnightMassandthenindulgeinalavishmealbeforeheadingto

church.（和法国人一样，意大利人在圣诞节前夕庆祝圣诞节。当地人通常会参加午夜弥撒，

然后在去教堂之前享受一顿丰盛的大餐。）”和Greece部分中“Afterattendinganearlymorning

holycommunioninchurchonChristmas,Greeksgohomeforanall-dayeatinggathering.（在圣

诞节清晨参加完教堂的圣餐后，希腊人会回家吃上一整天。）”可知，要体验宗教氛围，最好

在意大利和希腊。故选D。

3.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“ThecuisinethatmarksChristmasisasdiverse

asthepeoplefeastingonit.Here'salookathowthelocalscelebrateChristmasthroughcuisinein

theircountries,whichwillgiveyouaglimpseofthecelebrations.（庆祝圣诞节的美食和享用圣

诞大餐的人一样丰富多彩。下面我们来看看当地人是如何通过美食来庆祝圣诞节的，这将让

你对庆祝活动有一个大致的了解。）”可知，这段话可能来自杂志的节日和传统一栏。故选C。

4.C5.A6.A7.D

【导语】本文是记叙文。它讲述了一位名叫赵岳芳的邮政工作人员在太行山的危险山路上投

递邮件的故事，通过描述他的工作经历和所面临的挑战，展现了其坚持不懈和奉献精神。

4.细节理解题。根据第二段“The1O-kilometer-longroute,whichisbetween20centimetersand1

meterwide,isknownasthe"catroad^^bylocals,meaningthatitissodangerousthatonlycats

couldwalkonit.（这条路长10公里，宽20厘米到1米，被当地人称为“猫路”，意思是这条路

非常危险，只有猫才能在上面走）”可知，因为这条路太窄，风险太大，只有猫才能在上面走，

所以被称为“猫路”。故选C项。

答案第1页，共12页

5.词句猜测题。根据前文“Onedayinthewinterof2003,the“catroad"wascoveredinthick

snowandheslippedoffthetrail.（2003年冬天的一天，“猫路”被厚厚的积雪覆盖，他滑下了小

路）”在结合后文“grabbingatreebranch（抓住一根树枝）”可知，他滑下了小路，但是他抓住一

根树枝，应是阻止了急剧的下降，推知descent意为“下降，之意，和A项意思相近。故选A

项。

6.推理判断题。根据第一段"Fornearlytwodecades,athin,sun-burntpostalworkercould

frequentlybeseencarryingpackagesalongadangerousmountaintrailintheTaihang

Mountains」近二十年来，在太行山的一条危险的山路上，经常可以看到一个瘦削的、被太阳

晒得黝黑的邮递员拎着包裹）”以及第三段“Everydayatthecrackofdawn,hewouldstarthis

journeyalongthe"catroad”.Frompickinguptheday'sposttodeliveringittovillagersand

returningalongthesameroute,ittookZhaofourdays.Duringrainyandsnowyseasons,the

mountainroad,partofwhichhugsthecliffs,wouldbecomeslipperyanddangerous.（每天天一亮，

他就沿着“猫路”出发。从取当天的邮件到把邮件送到村民手中，再沿着同一条路线返回，赵

花了四天时间。在雨季和雪季，这条山道会变得很滑很危险，因为有一部分山道紧靠悬崖）”

可知，赵岳芳20年来一直在太行山一条被称为“猫路”的危险山路上投递邮件，他坚持不懈、

有奉献精神，即使路线危险也不放弃，因此最能描述他的词语是“Persistentanddedicated（坚

持不懈和奉献的故选A项。

7.推理判断题o根据第二段“Bomandraisedinthedeepmountains,Zhaotrulyunderstandsthe

significanceofmaildeliveriestovillagers.t4Theydependonthemailtokeepintouchwiththe

outsideworld,9,hesaid.t4Theirsheerjoywrittenontheirfacewhilereceivinganypoststruckme,“

headded.（在深山中出生和长大的赵真正理解给村民送邮件的意义。“他们依靠邮件与外界保

持联系，”他说。他补充说：“他们在收到任何邮件时脸上写着的那种纯粹的快乐让我印象深

亥（I。可知，赵出生长大在深山，他真切理解邮件传递对于村民的重要性，所以是邮件传

递的价值一直激励着赵对于工作的热情。故选D项。

8.B9.C10.A11.C

【导语】

这是一篇议论文，生活是一个故事还是一场游戏？作家WillStorr认为生活就是一系列的游

戏,人类深受地位的驱使，作者指出这种生活态度是不成熟的，成熟意味着追求更高的愿望。

8.细节理解题。根据第二段中"InhisbookTheStatusGame,hearguesthathumanbeingsare

答案第2页，共12页

deeplydrivenbystatus.Ratherthanaboutbeinglikedoraccepted,hewrites,ifsaboutbeing

betterthanothers."Whenpeopleareobedienttous,offerrespect,admirationorpraise,that's

status.ItfeelsgoodJ（在他的著作《地位游戏》中，他认为人类深受地位的驱使。他写道，这

不是关于被喜欢或被接受，而是关于比别人更好。‘当人们顺从我们，给予尊重、钦佩或赞

美时，这就是地位。感觉很好。’）"可知，WillStorr的作品核心在于追求更高的地位，要比

别人更好，B项“追求卓越”符合题意，故选B。

9.推理判断题。根据第一段中“Overthecourseoflife,wefindthingstoloveandcommitto一a

job,apartneroracommunity.Attimes,westruggletolearnfromourmisfortunestogrowin

wisdom,kindnessandgrace.（在生命的过程中，我们会找到一些值得热爱和承诺的事情---一

份工作、一个伴侣或一个社区。有时，我们挣扎着从不幸中学习，在智慧、善良和优雅中成

长）”和第四段中"It'saboutcultivatingthehigherdesires:theloveoftruthandlearning;theinner

pleasurethecraftsmangetsinhiswork,whichisnotaboutpopularity,andthedesireforagood

andmeaningfullifethatinspirespeopletopractisedailyactsofgenerosity.（它是关于培养更高的

愿望：对真理和学习的热爱；工匠从他的作品中获得的内心愉悦，与受欢迎与否无关，以及

对美好而有意义的生活的渴望，激励着人们践行慷慨的日常行为）”可知，C项“承诺和善良”

可以被视为更高的动机，故选C。

10.推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第四段中“IthinkStorrisindangerofbecomingoneof

thoseguyswhoignorethenobledesiresofthehumanheartandthecaringelementinevery

friendshipandfamily.Thestatus-madworldthatStorrdescribesissoloveless.Infact,gamingas

awayoflifeisimmature.Maturitymeansrisingabovetheshallowdesire-forstatus-that

doesn'treallynourishus.Ifsaboutcultivatingthehigherdesires…（我认为斯托尔有可能成为那

些忽视人类内心的崇高愿望和每一份友谊和家庭中的关怀元素的人之一。Storr所描述的这

个为地位而疯狂的世界是如此缺乏爱。事实上，游戏作为一种生活方式是不成熟的。成熟意

味着超越肤浅的欲望——对地位的渴望——这并不能真正滋养我们。它是关于培养更高的愿

望）”可知，文章首句〕slifeastoryoragame?（生活是一个故事还是一场游戏?）”提出问题：生

活是一个故事还是一场游戏？接着提到了作家WillStorr对此问题的回答，WillStorr认为生

活就是一系列的游戏，人类深受地位的驱使，接着作者提到这种生活态度是不成熟的，故本

文目的是纠正一种态度，故选A。

11.推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句"It'saboutcultivatingthehigherdesires:theloveoftruth

andlearning;theinnerpleasurethecraftsmangetsinhiswork,whichisnotaboutpopularity,and

答案第3页，共12页

thedesireforagoodandmeaningfullifethatinspirespeopletopractisedailyactsof

generosity^它是关于培养更高的愿望：对真理和学习的热爱；工匠从他的作品中获得的内心

愉悦，与受欢迎与否无关，以及对美好而有意义的生活的渴望，激励着人们践行慷慨的日常

行为）”和最后——段“Howdopeoplegraduallylearntocultivatethesehighermotivations?To

answerthat,Tdhavetotellyouastory.（人们如何逐渐学会培养这些更高的动机？要回答这个

问题，我得给你讲个故事）”可知，更高的愿望是对真理和学习的热爱和对美好而有意义的生

活的渴望，作者接下来要讲述关于如何培养这些更高动机的故事，C项“一个袁隆平式的故

事”符合更高动机的内涵，故选C。

12.B13.B14.A15.D

【导语】本文是说明文。这篇文章探讨了Molyneux问题，即一个天生失明但通过触摸学会

区分物体的人在恢复视力后是否能够通过视觉来识别物体。

12.细节理解题。根据第一段"Thequestion,knownasMolyneux飞problem,isaboutwhetherthe

humanmindhasabuilt-inconceptofshapesthatissoinbornthatablindpersoncould

immediatelyrecognizeanobjectwithrestoredvision.Alternatively,theconceptsofshapesarenot

inbornbuthavetobelearnedbyexploringanobjectthroughsight,touchandothersenses.（这个问

题被称为Molyneux的问题，是关于人类大脑是否有一种内在的形状概念，这种概念是天生

的，以至于盲人可以在恢复视力的情况下立即认出物体。另外，形状的概念不是天生的，而

是必须通过视觉、触觉和其他感官探索物体来学习的）”可知，Molyneux问题的内容是人类

的形状观念是天生的还是后天习得的。故选B项。

13.推理判断题。根据第二段“Aftertheirattempttotestitinblindchildrenfailed,LarsChittkaof

QueenMaryUniversityofLondonandhisteamcarriedoutanotherexperimentonbumblebees.

Totestwhetherbumblebeescanformaninternalrepresentationofobjects,theyfirsttrainedthe

insectstodistinguishglobesfromcubesusingasugarreward.Thebeeswerefirsttrainedinthe

light,wheretheycouldseebutnottouchtheobjects.Thentheyweretestedinthedark,wherethey

couldtouchbutnotseetheitems.Theresearchersfoundthattheinsectsspentmoretimein

contactwiththeshapetheyhadbeentrainedtoassociatewiththesugarreward,eventhoughthey

hadtorelyontouchratherthansighttodistinguishtheobjects.（在他们试图在失明儿童身上进行

测试失败后，伦敦玛丽女王大学的LarsChittka和他的团队在大黄蜂身上进行了另一项实验。

为了测试大黄蜂是否能形成对物体的内部表征，他们首先用糖奖励来训练大黄蜂区分球形和

答案第4页，共12页

立方体。蜜蜂首先在光线下训练，在那里它们可以看到但不能触摸物体。然后他们在黑暗中

进行测试，在那里他们可以触摸但看不到物品。研究人员发现，这些昆虫花了更多的时间来

接触它们被训练成与糖奖励相关联的形状，尽管它们必须依靠触觉而不是视觉来区分物体）”

可知，LorsChittka和他的同事是通过控制实验来研究Molyneux问题。故选B项。

14.推理判断题。根据最后——段“However,someexpertsexpresstheirwarningsagainsttheresult.

JonathanBirch,aphilosopherofscience,cautionsthatthebeesmayhavehadpriorexperience

associatingvisualandtactile（触觉）informationaboutstraightedgesandcurvedsurfacesintheir

nests.（然而，一些专家对这一结果提出了警告