2023-2024学年山东名校考试联盟高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE2山东名校考试联盟2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.2.Whenwilltheplaneland?A.At6:20p.m.B.At7:00p.m.C.At7:10p.m.3.WhatdoweknowaboutLinda?A.Sheisacandidate.B.Sheisamonitor.C.Sheisateacher.4.Whyisthewomancomplaining?A.Toomuchcandyiswasted.B.Theroomisinamess.C.Dannyhasoverslept,5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Asong.B.Anovel.C.Amovie.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面五段对话或独白。每段对话和独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你都有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatmightthewomanbe?A.Aguide.B.Anartist.C.Ateacher.7.Whatmightthemandoatthesciencefair?A.Meetanauthor.B.Takeanewcar.C.Havepuzzlessolved.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.WhatwasTonybusywith?A.Afashionmagazine.B.Afinancialreport.C.Asalesplan.9.WhatdoesTonyplantodothisweekend?A.Havearest.B.Gotoaparty.C.Meethisboss.10.Howdoesthewomansoundintheend?A.Understanding.B.Regretful.C.Annoyed.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.WhatwillWendycookforherkidstonight?A.Roastbeef.B.Localsnacks.C.Chickensoup.12.HowdoesTerryknowabouttheenergypowder?A.Fromhisfriends.B.FromTVads.C.Fromanutritionist.13.WhatdoesWendythinkofthepowderads?A.Theyareconfusing.B.Theyareamusing.C.Theyaremisleading.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.WhydidHelenmissthebarbecueparty?A.Shehadanunexpectedvisitor.B.Shewasoutoftown.C.Shedidn’tfeelwell.15.WheredidPeterprobablyplantohavethepartyatfirst?A.Inhisbackyard.B.Bythelake.C.Inthepark.16.WhatruinedPeter’sbarbecuepartyeventually?A.Themissinggrill.B.Thebadweather.C.Therawmeat.17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abusinesstrip.B.Aweekendplan.C.Aterribleexperience.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Howmanyjudgeswerethereinthecontest?A.12.B.28.C.205.19.WhatistherecipeforGabriel’ssuccess?A.Keepingbreadsimple.B.Beingindustrial.C.Bakingfreshly.20.WhatmightMr.Gabrielprobablydonext?A.Makebreadforthepresident.B.OpenmorebakeriesinMarseille.C.Putindustrialbakingintopractice.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATheWorldFamousConchTourTraininKeyWestSeethebestonthetraintourthat’sbeenentertainingvisitorstotheIslandCityofKeyWest,Floridasince1958.TheConchTrainisoneofFlorida’smostpopularattractions,andforgoodreason.Ourexpertengineersandfriendlystaffhavedelightedover15millionguestswithlegendssuchasErnestHemingway.YourtourofKeyWestwillgiveyouafabulousviewofallthewonderfulKeyWestattractions.NoKeyWestvacationiscompletewithoutTheWorldFamousConchTourTrain.TourRouteandStopsThisKeyWesttourbeginsattheFrontStreetDepotandendsrightbehinditinMallorySquare.Onceyouhaveyourticket,climbonboardandtakeyourseat,asyouareabouttolandonaterrific75-minutejourneythroughtime.Duringthetour,thetrainwillmakeoneloopthroughOldTownKeyWest.Therearetwomainstops:oneisatStationDepot,allowingfora10-minutebreakwhereyouwillfindrefreshmentsandshopping.ThesecondstopisatTruvalVillage,locatedatthecornerofDuvalStreet.FromTruvalVillage,youarejustminutesawayfromtheErnestHemingwayHomeandMuseum,manyfineartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.Highlights100%SATISFACTIONGUARANTEEFull-colormapanddiscountcoupons(优惠券)forKeyWestattractions,restaurants,andshoppingwitheveryticket.FREEadmissiontotheSailstoRailsMuseumisincludedwithticket.PleaseNote:Thistouroperatescontinuouslyevery30minutesfrom9:00AMto4:30PM.Ittakesapproximately90minutestocompleteafullloop.Participantsmustbeabletostepintoandoutofthetrain.Childrenaged12andyoungermayattendthetourfreeofcharge.1.WhyisErnestHemingwaymentionedinparagraph1?A.Togiveanexample. B.Todrawaconclusion.C.Tointroduceanevent. D.Tomakeacomparison.2.Whatcanyoudowhiletakingthetour?A.Takeanon-stopjourney. B.TourMallorySquare.C.Shopifnecessary. D.Buyartworks.3.Whatadvantagecanyoutakeofthetour?A.Somediscountforattractions.B.ColoredmapsforTruvalVillage.C.FreeaccesstoHemingwaymuseum.D.Flexibletimetablethroughouttheday.〖答案〗1.A2.C3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了佛罗里达州基韦斯特市的一种受欢迎的旅游方式——世界著名的海螺观光火车。文章详细介绍了旅游路线、停靠站点、旅游亮点以及旅游优惠等信息。【1题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段的描述“TheConchTrainisoneofFlorida’smostpopularattractions,andforgoodreason.

Ourexpertengineersandfriendlystaffhavedelightedover15millionguestswithlegendssuchasErnestHemingway.”（海螺列车是佛罗里达州最受欢迎的景点之一，这是有充分理由的。我们专业的工程师和友好的员工为超过1500万的客人带来了欧内斯特·海明威等传奇人物。）,可以推知，海明威是作为一个例子被提及的，用来说明这个旅游项目的吸引力。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“TourRouteandStops”下文介绍中的“Therearetwomainstops:oneisatStationDepot,allowingfora10-minutebreakwhereyouwillfindrefreshmentsandshopping.”（有两个主要的停靠点：一个是在车站仓库，允许休息10分钟，那里有饮料和购物。）,可以推知，参加这个旅游项目的人在旅途中有购物的机会。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据“Highlights”下文介绍中的“Full-colormapanddiscountcoupons(优惠券)forKeyWestattractions,restaurants,andshoppingwitheveryticket.”（每张票都附带全彩地图和基韦斯特景点、餐厅和购物的优惠券。）,可以推知，参加这个旅游项目的人可以享受到景点的优惠。故选A。BAfterspendinghiscareerasachefandworkingastheVicePresidentofFoodandBeverageatFireKeepersCasinoHotelinBattleCreek,Michigan,MichaelMcFarlensawhowmuchfoodwouldgetthrownawayfromtheCasino’srestauranteveryday.Unfortunately,throwingawayperfectlygoodfoodisextremelycommonwithintherestaurantindustry.YetitwasalwayssomethingthatbotheredMcFarlenabouthiswork.Actionspoint,McFarlendecidedtogetinvolvedwiththeSouthCentralFoodBankofMichiganInc.tohelpgivebacktothoseinneed.Hethenbecamethepresidentontheboardandcameupwithaplantoopenarestaurantinthecommunitythatwouldalsohelpsupportafoodbankontheproperty.InAprilof2016,theFireKeepersCasinoHotelanditsowners,theNottawaseppiHuronBandofthePotawatomi,boughtFireStationNo.4,ahistoricfirehouseneardowntownBattleCreekthathadbeenclosedforyearsandwassettobedemolished.However,thegroupboughtitbeforethathappenedandstartedtogivethehistoricbuildinganewlife.Renovationsonthepropertylastedaboutayear.ThenonApril19,2017,therestaurant,whichtheynamedTheFireHub,openedtothepublicforthefirsttime.Atthesametime,thefoodbank,whichtheynamedtheKendallStreetFoodbank,openeditsdoorinthebackofthebuilding.“Anytimeyouopenanewrestaurant,youjusthavetofigureawaythroughthatfirstyear,”Georgesaid.However,thefirstyearofoperationwasbeyondtheirexpectations.Notonlydidtherestaurantattractcustomersbecauseofitspopularityandsustainability,butthefoodbankhelpedmorepeopleinthefirstyearthantheyeverimaginedwouldneeditsservices.Intotal,about375to400householdsgethelpfromthefoodbankeverysinglemonth.“We’reabletocatertopeoplewhoareworking,butstillneedalittlehelpduringthemonth,”McFarlentoldSecondWavemedia.Tobetterfittheneedofthemajorityofpeopleusingtheirservices,thefoodbankwasdesignedtolooklikeasmallmarket.4.WhatbotheredMcFarlenasachef?A.Alackofcooks.B.Wasteofgoodfood.C.Involvementinfoodbanks.D.Shortageoffoodinsomeareas.5.Whatmighttheunderlinedword“demolished”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Builtup. B.Torndown. C.Brokenup. D.Knockedoff.6.HowdidTheFireHubgowithitsbusiness?A.Itworkedoutwell.B.Ithadbranchessetup.C.Itstucktogoodquality.D.Itdidn’tlastforayear.7.WhatcanbestdescribeMcFarlen?A.Patientandcareful.B.Lovinganddevoted.C.Enthusiasticanddiligent.D.Cautiousandunderstanding.〖答案〗4.B5.B6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了MichaelMcFarlen作为一名厨师，看到餐厅每天浪费的食物，他决定参与到南密歇根食品银行的工作中，他们购买了一个将要被拆除的消防站，并将其改造成了餐厅和食品银行，这个餐厅和食品银行的运营情况超出了他们的预期。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Unfortunately,throwingawayperfectlygoodfoodisextremelycommonwithintherestaurantindustry.YetitwasalwayssomethingthatbotheredMcFarlenabouthiswork.”（不幸的是，餐饮业中常常会丢弃完好的食物，这一点一直困扰着McFarlen。）可知，McFarlen作为厨师，困扰他的是食物的浪费。故选B项。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第三段中划线词所在句中“ahistoricfirehouseneardowntownBattleCreekthathadbeenclosedforyearsandwassettobedemolished.However,thegroupboughtitbeforethathappenedandstartedtogivethehistoricbuildinganewlife.”（位于BattleCreek市中心附近的一座历史悠久的消防站已经关闭多年，原本计划要被demolished。然而，这个团队在那之前买下了它，并开始给这座历史建筑带来新的生命。）可知，位于BattleCreek市中心附近的一座历史悠久的消防站已经关闭多年，原本计划要被拆除，这个团队在拆除之前买下了它，并开始给这座历史建筑带来新的生命。故demolished在这里的意思是“被拆除”。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“However,thefirstyearofoperationwasbeyondtheirexpectations.Notonlydidtherestaurantattractcustomersbecauseofitspopularityandsustainability,butthefoodbankhelpedmorepeopleinthefirstyearthantheyeverimaginedwouldneeditsservices.”（然而，第一年的运营情况超出了他们的预期。餐厅不仅因其受欢迎和可持续性吸引了顾客，而且食品银行在第一年就帮助了比他们想象中需要其服务的人更多的人。）可知，TheFireHub运行的很顺利。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“McFarlendecidedtogetinvolvedwiththeSouthCentralFoodBankofMichiganInc.tohelpgivebacktothoseinneed.”（麦克法伦决定加入密歇根州中南部食品禁令公司，帮助那些需要帮助的人。）可知，他很有爱心。根据第四段“Renovationsonthepropertylastedaboutayear.ThenonApril19,2017,therestaurant,whichtheynamedTheFireHub,openedtothepublicforthefirsttime.Atthesametime,thefoodbank,whichtheynamedtheKendallStreetFoodbank,openeditsdoorinthebackofthebuilding.”（这处房产的翻新工作持续了大约一年。2017年4月19日，这家名为“TheFireHub”的餐厅首次向公众开放。与此同时，他们命名为肯德尔街食品银行的食品银行在大楼后面开业。）可知，他购买了一个将要被拆除的消防站，并将其改造成了餐厅和食品银行。所以能体现出他的全身心投入。故选B项。CMostoftheeventsweexperienceonaday-to-daybasisareonlyrememberedforashortperiodandthentendtodisappearfromourmemoryquitequickly.Thismakessense.It’snotusefulforourbrainstoremembereverydayordinaryevents,butwhatabouttraumatic(创伤的)orimportantevents?And,ifwedoremembertheseevents,dowerememberthemscene-by-sceneasitreallyhappened?Ordoweadaptthosemomentsandremembertheminconsistently?Psychologiststheorizethatourbrainstendtoimprintdetailsofsuddentraumaticexperiencesasifwe’retakingaphotographofthosemoments.Duringtheevent,emotionsrunsohighthatwheneverwerecollectthesememories,theemotionalrecollectionsflashacrossoureyesonanevent-to-eventbasis.Thisiswhythesememoriesarecalled“flashbulbmemories”;theyhavephotographicaccuracy.However,thisideaofflashbulbmemoriesbeingaccuratedidnottranslateintoevidenceforthesame.Inconsistentflashbulbmemoriesaremorelikelytoberepeatedthancorrected,asmemoriesarenotoftencheckedforsure.Ontheotherhand,inaccuraciesregardingtheeventitselfweremorelikelytobecorrected,astherewasbacked-updatatoreferto.Thus,theseinaccuratememorieswerenotrepeatedoften.Whydoessomuchofourmemoryfallthroughthecracks?In1975,researchersElizabethLoftusandJohnPalmernoticedthatlanguagecanaffecthowwerememberanevent.Theyaskedparticipantswhohadseenamovieofacarcrashtodescribethecrash.Usingtheword“smashed”insteadof“hit”ledparticipantstoperceiveamoresevereaccident.Likewise,using“collided”alsoresultedinreporteddifferencesinaccidentseverity.Additionally,falsememoriesoccurwhenpeopleclassifyacertainmentalexperienceasarealexperience.Aclassicexperiment,“LostintheMall”providesmoreevidenceoffalsememories.8.Whyarethequestionsraisedinparagraph1?A.Tostressmemoryvariesfromtimetotime.B.Tohighlighthowbrainworksonmemorizing.C.Toprovememoriessticklongerthanexpected.D.Toshowmanchoosestomemorizecertainthings.9.Whatcanbelearnedabout“flashbulbmemories”?A.Theyhaveprovedinaccurate.B.Theyarelooselyrelatedtoemotions.C.Theytendtobeenhancedbyrepeating.D.Theyarelikelytobebrokenintopieces.10.Whatmayaffectourmemoryaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Choiceofwords.B.Severityofanevent.C.Purposestoachieve.D.Participantsinvolved.11.Whatwillthetextfocusonnext?A.Theevidenceoftheevent.B.Moretestsofmemoryspans.C.Theprocessoftheexperiment.D.Morecasesofmentalexperiences.〖答案〗8.D9.C10.A11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了我们的大脑倾向于把突然的创伤经历的细节印下来，就好像我们在拍那些时刻的照片一样。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“It’snotusefulforourbrainstoremembereverydayordinaryevents,butwhatabouttraumatic(创伤的)orimportantevents?And,ifwedoremembertheseevents,dowerememberthemscene-by-sceneasitreallyhappened?Ordoweadaptthosemomentsandremembertheminconsistently?(对于我们的大脑来说，记住日常的普通事件是没有用的，但对于创伤性或重要的事件呢?而且，如果我们确实记得这些事件，我们是否记得它们真实发生的场景?还是我们适应了这些时刻，不一致地记住了它们?)”和文章第二段“Psychologiststheorizethatourbrainstendtoimprintdetailsofsuddentraumaticexperiencesasifwe’retakingaphotographofthosemoments.(心理学家的理论是，我们的大脑倾向于把突然的创伤经历的细节印下来，就好像我们在拍那些时刻的照片一样。)”可推知，第一段提出的问题是为了表明人会选择记忆某些东西。故选D。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Inconsistentflashbulbmemoriesaremorelikelytoberepeatedthancorrected,asmemoriesarenotoftencheckedforsure.(不一致的闪光灯记忆更有可能被重复，而不是被纠正，因为记忆通常不会被核实。)”可知，闪光灯记忆往往通过重复而增强。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Whydoessomuchofourmemoryfallthroughthecracks?In1975,researchersElizabethLoftusandJohnPalmernoticedthatlanguagecanaffecthowwerememberanevent.(为什么我们有那么多的记忆被遗忘了呢？1975年，研究人员伊丽莎白·洛夫特斯和约翰·帕尔默注意到语言可以影响我们记忆事件的方式。)”可知，语言的选择可能会影响我们的记忆。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Additionally,falsememoriesoccurwhenpeopleclassifyacertainmentalexperienceasarealexperience.Aclassicexperiment,“LostintheMall”providesmoreevidenceoffalsememories.(此外，当人们将某种心理体验归类为真实体验时，就会出现错误记忆。一个经典的实验，“迷失在林荫道”提供了更多错误记忆的证据。)”可推知，文章接下来可能会专注于介绍这个实验的过程。故选C。DManyofthefoodsweregularlyeatinourdailylivescomefromplants,whichareessentialforoursurvivalonthe“blueplanet.”Butwhataboutthefewpeoplewholive—althoughforashortspanoftime—inspace?Isitpossibleforthemtogrowplantsonboardthespaceshipandbeself-sufficientforweeksonend?Yes,itis.Infact,astronautsaboardtheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)atethefirstspace-grownsalad(redromainelettuce)onAugust10,2015.Eveninawell-controlledenvironmentlikeontheISS,growingaplantinspaceisnotaneasytask.Traditionally,rootsgrowandspreaddownwardsduetogravity.Still,inspace,wheretheeffectofgravityisnegligible(忽略不计的),thingschange.Rootsgrowinalldirectionsinspace.Othernutrientsandwater,whichareessentialforthegrowthofaplant,floatallovertheplace!Canyouimagineaplantfloatinginaspaceship,withitsrootsstickingoutineverydirectionlikethetentaclesofaslimyseacreaturesurroundedbywaterandothernutrients?Therefore,keepingthisentiresystemgoingisveryimportant.Toachievethis,NASAastronautsRickMastracchioandSteveSwansonsetupaspecialcontainernamed“Veggie”afewyearsago,specificallydesignedfor“spacegardening”ontheISS.Veggiecontains“plantpillows”,whichareessentiallybagsoffertilizeranddirtreleasedinacontrolledmannertofacilitateplantgrowth.Inthebags,smallwicks(棉芯)areinstalledthatabsorbwater.Seedsaregluedtothewicksandarrangedinthecorrectpositionsothattheirrootsgrowunidirectionally(downward)and‘pushout’ofthebag.Fortheplantstogrowproperly(i.e.,upward),LEDlightsshineabovetheplants,providelightfortheshootsandsupportphotosynthesis(theprocessbywhichplantspreparetheirfood)forproperplantgrowth.Spaceagenciesworldwidearestrivingtodevelopmoreadvancedmethodsandprocedurestoenableastronautstosafelygrowandeatvegetablesfromspace-grownvegetables.12.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlysuggest?A.Astronautswanttoliveasustainablelife.B.Space-grownplantsmighttakemoreefforts.C.Plantshavebeensuccessfullygrowninspace.D.ISSmakesitpossibleforplantstogrowatwill.13.WhyisVeggiesetup?A.Tohonorsomeone.B.Tokeepasystemgoing.C.Tostartupanenterprise.D.Tosolvenutrientproblem.14.HowdoesVeggiework?A.ByturningtoLEDlights.B.Bypositioningwicksupward.C.Byabsorbingnutritionfromdirt.D.Byprovidingnecessaryfacilities.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ISShaveastronautsworktogrowfoodinspaceB.NASAstrivestomakespacegardeningpossibleC.SpaceagenciescommitthemselvestofoodsafetyD.Foodgrowthenablesspaceshipstobeself-reliable〖答案〗12.B13.B14.D15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了美国国家航空航天局努力使太空园艺成为可能。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Eveninawell-controlledenvironmentlikeontheISS,growingaplantinspaceisnotaneasytask.Traditionally,rootsgrowandspreaddownwardsduetogravity.Still,inspace,wheretheeffectofgravityisnegligible,thingschange.(即使在像国际空间站这样控制良好的环境中，在太空中种植植物也不是一件容易的事。传统上，根在重力的作用下向下生长和扩散。然而，在重力的影响可以忽略不计的太空中，事情发生了变化。)”可知，太空种植的植物可能需要更多的努力。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Therefore,keepingthisentiresystemgoingisveryimportant.Toachievethis,NASAastronautsRickMastracchioandSteveSwansonsetupaspecialcontainernamed“Veggie”afewyearsago,specificallydesignedfor“spacegardening”ontheISS.(因此，保持整个系统的运行非常重要。为了实现这一目标，美国宇航局的宇航员里克·马斯特拉奇奥和史蒂夫·斯旺森几年前建立了一个名为“Veggie”的特殊容器，专门为国际空间站上的“太空园艺”设计。)”可知，建立“Veggie”是为了保持整个系统运行。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Veggiecontains“plantpillows”,whichareessentiallybagsoffertilizeranddirtreleasedinacontrolledmannertofacilitateplantgrowth.Inthebags,smallwicks(棉芯)areinstalledthatabsorbwater.Seedsaregluedtothewicksandarrangedinthecorrectpositionsothattheirrootsgrowunidirectionally(downward)and‘pushout’ofthebag.Fortheplantstogrowproperly(i.e.,upward),LEDlightsshineabovetheplants,providelightfortheshootsandsupportphotosynthesis(theprocessbywhichplantspreparetheirfood)forproperplantgrowth.(Veggie含有“植物枕头”，本质上是一袋肥料和泥土，以一种可控的方式释放，以促进植物生长。在袋子里安装了吸水的小灯芯。种子被粘在灯芯上，排列在正确的位置，这样它们的根就会单向(向下)生长，并从袋子里“伸出”。为了使植物正常生长(即向上生长)，LED灯在植物上方发光，为嫩芽提供光线，并支持光合作用(植物准备食物的过程)，使植物正常生长。)”可推知，Veggie通过提供必要的设施来工作。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Butwhataboutthefewpeoplewholive—althoughforashortspanoftime—inspace?Isitpossibleforthemtogrowplantsonboardthespaceshipandbeself-sufficientforweeksonend?Yes,itis.(但是，那些在太空中生活的少数人——尽管时间很短——怎么办呢？他们有可能在宇宙飞船上种植植物，并连续几周自给自足吗？是的，它是。)”可知，文章主要讲述了美国国家航空航天局努力使太空园艺成为可能。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Brushingyourteethtwiceadayisessentialforkeepingyourteethingoodcondition,butdidyouknowthattherearespecificthingsweshouldbedoingtoensurewearebrushingcorrectly?Oneofthoseiswettingthebrushbeforebrushing—seemsobviousright.____16____Firstly,wettingthebristleshelpsdistributetoothpastemoreeffectively,ensuringbettercoverageacrossthetoothsurfaces.____17____Secondly,wettingthetoothbrushsoftensthebristles,makingthebrushingexperiencegentlerongumsandtoothenamel(牙釉质),reducingtheriskofirritationordamage.Additionally,themoisturehelpsactivatethetoothpasteingredients,makingthemmoreeffectiveinfightingbacteriaandmaintainingdentalhealth.____18____youcanimproveyouroverallbrushingexperienceandpromotebetteroralhealthoutcomes,makingitasimpleyetvaluablestepinyourdailydentalcareroutine.Wettingthetoothbrushactivatesthetoothpaste’sactiveingredients,whichhelpstrengthentoothenamelandprotectagainsttoothdamage.____19____Therefore,acleanerandhealthiermouthwillbeensured.Sometoothpasteformulationscanberough.Ifapplieddirectlywithoutwettingthebrushfirst,itwillkindofwearouttheteeth.Wettingthetoothbrushbeforeapplyingtoothpastematterstothisextent.____20____Wettingthetoothbrushcanbecomepartofaconsistentpre-brushingritual,helpingindividualssticktotheiroralcareroutinemoreeffectively.A.Bywettingyourtoothbrush,B.Throughcleaningyourteeth,C.Thisresultsinenhancedcleaningefficiency.D.Itmaintainsthecleannessoftheoralhealth.E.Ithelpsprotectthetoothenamelfromexcessivewear.F.Activatedtoothpasteismoreeffectiveinfightingbacteria.G.Wettingyourtoothbrushbeforebrushingisessentialforseveralreasons.〖答案〗16.G17.C18.A19.F20.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刷牙之前把牙刷弄湿的必要性。【16题详析】根据下文“Firstly,wettingthebristleshelpsdistributetoothpastemoreeffectively,ensuringbettercoverageacrossthetoothsurfaces.(首先，湿润刷毛有助于更有效地涂抹牙膏，确保更好地覆盖牙齿表面)”和“Secondly,wettingthetoothbrushsoftensthebristles,makingthebrushingexperiencegentlerongumsandtoothenamel,reducingtheriskofirritationordamage.(其次，把牙刷弄湿可以软化刷毛，使刷牙对牙龈和牙釉质的影响更温和，减少刺激或损伤的风险)”可知，空处应说明刷牙前把牙刷弄湿的几个原因。G项：Wettingyourtoothbrushbeforebrushingisessentialforseveralreasons.(刷牙前把牙刷弄湿是很必要的，原因有几个。)符合语境。故选G。【17题详析】根据上文“Firstly,wettingthebristleshelpsdistributetoothpastemoreeffectively,ensuringbettercoverageacrossthetoothsurfaces.(首先，湿润牙刷有助于更有效地涂抹牙膏，确保更好地覆盖牙齿表面)”可知，空处承接上文，说明湿润牙刷后，有助于更有效地涂抹牙膏，进而提高清洁效率。C项：Thisresultsinenhancedcleaningefficiency.(这样可以提高清洁效率。)符合语境。故选C。【18题详析】根据上下文结构可知，空处不是完整的句子，结合下文“youcanimproveyouroverallbrushingexperienceandpromotebetteroralhealthoutcomes,makingitasimpleyetvaluablestepinyourdailydentalcareroutine.(你可以改善你的整体刷牙体验，促进更好的口腔健康，使它成为你日常牙齿护理中简单而有价值的一步)”可知，下文说明的是弄湿牙刷的好处，A项：Bywettingyourtoothbrush(通过湿润你的牙刷)符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】根据上文“Wettingthetoothbrushactivatesthetoothpaste’sactiveingredients,whichhelpstrengthentoothenamelandprotectagainsttoothdamage.(湿润牙刷可以激活牙膏的活性成分，帮助强化牙釉质，防止牙齿受损)”可知，本段提到了牙膏的活性成分，空处承接上文，说明激活牙膏活性成分的作用，F项中的“Activatedtoothpaste”和上文中的“thetoothpaste’sactiveingredients”对应。F项：Activatedtoothpasteismoreeffectiveinfightingbacteria.(活性牙膏在对抗细菌方面更有效。)符合语境。故选F。【20题详析】根据上文“Ifapplieddirectlywithoutwettingthebrushfirst,itwillkindofwearouttheteeth.Wettingthetoothbrushbeforeapplyingtoothpastematterstothisextent.(如果不先把牙刷弄湿就直接使用，会磨损牙齿。在涂牙膏之前把牙刷弄湿很重要)”可知，上文提出，不把牙刷弄湿会磨损牙齿，空处承接上文解释在涂牙膏之前把牙刷弄湿很重要的原因，E项中的“it”指代上文的“Wettingthetoothbrushbeforeapplyingtoothpaste”。E项：Ithelpsprotectthetoothenamelfromexcessivewear.(它有助于防止牙釉质过度磨损。)符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIaminmiddleschool,mymomconfirmsthatIam,infact,abakedgood.“Childrenarelikebread,”she____21____tomeonenightatthekitchentableaswetalkaboutthekindofpersonIamandwhatIwillbecome.“Youcanchoose____22____whichyouwilladdtothemixwhentheyareyoungerandthereisstilltimeto____23____themafterthedough(面团)hasrisen.But____24____youputthemintheoven,it’sdifficulttodomuchelse.”“You’realreadyintheoven,”shetellsme.“It’sallyounow.”Mymotheralwaysinvitedmeto____25____herproduction,especiallyduringourtraditionalBakingDay.Mysmallbutessentialtasksfilledmewith____26____tohelp.Iwatchasshekneads(揉)doughbrisklyandskillfully.This____27____willbecomeanydeliciousfoodIcanname,acookie,oramuffin.Mymostimportantjobistopayattentionand____28____assheexplainseachstepoftheprocess.Eachtimeshe____29____somethinginoroutoftheoven,shenotesthetime.Nothingwillbeburnedunderherwatch.Whenit’stimeto_____30_____thelaborsofourday,shewillholdittoadmirehercreations.SometimesI_____31_____herlookingatmethesameway.Overtime,mymother’sdoughmetaphordevelopedinto_____32_____ofatouchstone.Iamnownearlythesameagemymotherwas.OnlyrecentlyhaveI_____33_____hermetaphorwasneveraboutthemakingandbakingofthedough;itwasabout_____34_____herworkandthenlettinggo.Heroccasionalglanceofadmirationandaglimpseoflovewellsayshow_____35_____sheisofhermostcherisheddough.21.A.explains B.proves C.states D.shows22.A.menus B.nutrients C.ingredients D.recipes23.A.roll B.shape C.season D.bake24.A.once B.unless C.until D.while25.A.breakdown B.contributetoC.sellout D.makefor26.A.endurance B.willpower C.desire D.curiosity27.A.game B.process C.dessert D.dough28.A.absorb B.think C.wonder D.reply29.A.sneaks B.slides C.stuffs D.scales30.A.pack B.decide C.enjoy D.consume31.A.catch B.trap C.keep D.mind32.A.nothing B.something C.anything D.everything33.A.realized B.worked C.uncovered D.held34.A.leaving B.trusting C.polishing D.releasing35.A.free B.careful C.picky D.proud〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.B30.C31.A32.B33.A34.C35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的母亲通过带着他一起烘焙，教会了作者深刻的人生道理。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“孩子就像面包，”一天晚上在厨房的餐桌上，当我们谈论我是什么样的人以及我将成为什么样的人时，她对我解释道。A.explains解释；B.proves证明；C.states陈述；D.shows展示。根据“aswetalkaboutthekindofpersonIamandwhatIwillbecome.”可知，母亲针对谈论的问题进行解释。故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以选择一些配料，在它们还年轻的时候加入，在面团发起来之后还有时间塑造它们。A.menus菜单；B.nutrients营养物质；C.ingredients成分，配料；D.recipes食谱。根据“youwilladdtothemix”可知，此处指选择一些配料加入面团中。故选C。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.roll滚动；B.shape使成为……的形状；C.season加作料；D.bake烘焙。根据“afterthedough(面团)hasrisen.”可知，在面团发起来之后还有时间对其整形，塑造它们。故选B。【24题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但一旦你把它们放进烤箱，就很难再做其他事情了。A.once一旦；B.unless除非；C.until直到；D.while当……时候。根据“it’sdifficulttodomuchelse.”可知，一旦被放进烤箱，就什么也做不了了。故选A。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的母亲总是邀请我为她的制作做贡献，尤其是在我们的传统烘焙日。A.breakdown分解；B.contributeto贡献，促成；C.sellout卖完；D.makefor有利于。根据下文“Mysmallbutessentialtasksfilledmewith_____

tohelp.

”可知，母亲总是邀请作者在烘焙日帮忙，做出点贡献。故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的小而重要的任务让我充满了帮助别人的愿望。A.endurance忍耐力；B.willpower意志力；C.desire渴望，愿望；D.curiosity好奇心。根据上文“Mymotheralwaysinvitedmeto_______herproduction,especiallyduringourtraditionalBakingDay.”以及空后“tohelp”可知，母亲让作者在烘焙日做出贡献，分配的小任务让作者充满了帮助别人的愿望。故选C。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个面团可以做成任何我能说出名字的美味食物，饼干，或者松饼。A.game游戏；B.process过程；C.dessert甜品；D.dough面团。根据上文“Iwatchasshekneads(揉)doughbrisklyandskillfully.”可知，此处指面团可以做成任何各种美味的食物，是信息词dough的词汇复现。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最重要的工作就是在她解释过程中的每一步时都要集中注意力。A.absorb吸收，使专心，理解；B.think想，认为；C.wonder想知道；D.reply回复，回应。根据“payattention”可知，此处指在母亲解释过程中的每一步时都要集中注意力。故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次她把东西从烤箱里取