2024届陕西省西安市长安区高三年级下册一模考试英语试卷（含解析）

2024届陕西省西安市长安区高三下学期一模考试英语试卷

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

Byourveryroughcalculations,Reader'sDigesthaspublishedsome35,000articlesin

nearly1,200issues.Thesesmallpageshaveheldsomeverybignames,includingU.S.

presidents,worldleaders,sportslegends,and,indeed,thebiggestcontributorsofall,

everydayAmericanswithastorytotell.Thesearesomeofourproudestmoments.

HowtoKeepYoungMentallybyMaryB.Mullett

ThisfirstarticleinthefirstissuehighlightedinventorAlexanderGrahamBellandhis

beliefinlifelonglearning:"Thefirstessentialofanyrealeducationistoobserve.Observe!

Remember!Compare!,5Itwasanappropriatebeginning,reflectingourself-educated

founder'sendlesscuriosity.

FveCometoCleanYourShoesbyMadgeHarrah

Themorningofafamilyfuneral,anacquaintanceshowsupunannouncedandsays,"Tve

cometocleanyourshoes."Hespendsthedayquietlyshiningeverypairinthehouse.The

writerendswith:"Now,wheneverIhearofanacquaintancewhohaslostalovedone.Itryto

thinkofonespecifictasksuitingthatperson'sneed.Andifthepersonsays,uHowdidyou

knowIneededthatdone?51replyjit'sbecauseamanoncecleanedmyshoes.

StrangeEncounteronCohoCreekbyMorrisHomerErwin

AminerspendsdayscampingintheAlaskanwilderness,workinghardtoearnthetrust

ofamotherwolfstuckinatrapbeforesheandherfourpupsstarvetodeath.Eventually,heis

abletofreeher.Fouryearslater,heencountersawolfinthesamemeadow.Yes,thesame

wolf.Whenwesharedthisclassiconin2019,itwentviralandithasnowbeenread

bymanymillionsonlineandinprint.

HowHonestAreWebyRalphKinneyBennett

Ourfamous“walletdrop“setuptheultimatetestofhonesty:Ifweleftwalletsincities

aroundthecountry,howmanywouldbereturned?Welloverhalf,itturnedout-67percent.

Themosthonestcity?Seattle,whoseupstandingresidentsreturnednineoutoftenwallets.

1.WhatdoweknowabouttheacquaintanceinthestoryI'veCometoCleanYourShoes?

A.Heshowsconcernbycleaningshoes.

B.Hecleansshoesattheowner?srequest.

C.Hecomfortstheownerbytellinghisownstory.

D.Hevisitsthehousewheretheownerisseverelysick.

2.Whicharticlegainedsignificantpopularityonline?

A.HowtoKeepYoungMentally.B.I'veCometoCleanYourShoes.

C.StrangeEncounteronCohoCreek.D.HowHonestAreWe.

3.Wherecanthetextbefound?

A.Inahistorybook.B.Inamagazine.C.Inanovel.

D.Inabrochure.

Shortlybeforeheturned60,MarkFuhrmannrealizedwhathewanted.He,now,at65,

hasjustreturnedfromasecondvoyage.His6,835mile-roundtripfromNovaScotiatookin

thegreatlakesoftheUS,theGulfofMexicoandtheAtlantic.

Fuhrmannstartedthesejourneys"tokickstartretirement“fromthemaritimePRbusiness

heraninOsloforthepast30years.Beforehesetoff,inJunelastyear,heswapped（交换）his

houseforaflat,andgreatlyreducedhispossessions."Itwasgoodtogetridofallofthose

thingsandsay:"Thisisn'taphase;thisisanewseason,'"hesays.

Amazingly,hedidn'tplanhistrip,beyondcommittingtofundraiseforMedecinsSans

Frontieres.4<Ithought:Tiltrytodo40kmeachday.'ButIneverknewwhereIwasgoingto

laydownmyhead.^^

Thechallengeswerepsychological,physical,andsometimeslife-threatening.InFlorida,

hewaschasedbyanalligator（短吻鱼粤）,butnarrowlyescapedfromit.IntheBostonarea,he

saw“ablackfinmovingtowardsmelikeasnake”.Helayhisoar（戈U桨）acrosshislapand

waited."Ifagreatwhitesharkcanswimleisurely,thafsexactlywhatitdid.Itjustpassedme,“

hesays.Tenminuteslater,Fuhrmannpulledhiskayak（小艇）intoacove,whereheranintoa

manwhoinvitedhimintohishomeforcoffeeandapplepie.Hiswholetripwasfilledwith

theseswitchbacksandmomentsofconnectionwithstrangers,whichFuhrmannexperienced

aseacalltoauthenticity^^.

Whatdoeshemean?"Natureisbomwithinus.Ifyouavoidthat,youavoid

experiencingsomethingthatisvitaltowhoyouareasaperson.Iwantrealthings-lifeisn't

abouthavingmore.Ithinkweneedtoacceptwhereweareatthisstageoflife,at60or65.”

“Ilookatretirementasaseason,hesays.Hestartedhislatestvoyagebecause"I

wantedtohaveabetterunderstandingofwhoIwas.Iwantedtohavetimeformythoughtsto

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wander,torestart,todiscoverthevalueandpowerwithinmyself”

4.WhydidFuhrmanngetridofmostofhispossessions?

A.Tomakedonationstocharity.B.Tostartanewlifeinretirement.

C.Tomakeupforhisbusinessloss.D.Tocollectmoneyforthejourney.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“switchbacks“inparagraph4probablymean?

A.Blessings.B.Ambitions.C.Defeats.D.Challenges.

6.WhichofthefollowingmightFuhrmannagreewith?

A.Themeaningoflifeisachievingmore.

B.Oldpeopleshouldtakethingsastheyare.

C.Itisgoodtohavenature-basedexperience.

D.Itisadvisableforagingpeopletoplaysafe.

7.WhydidFuhrmannstarthislatestvoyage?

A.Toreflectonhispast.B.Todiscoverhistrueself.

C.Torelaxhismindandbody.D.Tobefreefromthenoisyworld.

Wemayweepforthedodo,butcouldandshouldwebringthislovelybirdbackfromthe

dead?De-extinctionisthescienceofrestoringlostspeciesandithasbeeninthenewsfor

decades.

Thestoryinmodemtimesbeganin1990whenMichaelCrichtonpublishedhisscience

fictionnovelJurassicPark,inwhichheimaginedaworldwherescientistswereabletobring

dinosaursbacktolife.Crichtonimaginedthatpolymerasechainreaction（PCR）technology

couldbeawaytoamplify（放大）tinyquantitiesofdinosaurDNAandthusbuildaliving

embryo.

Sadly,biologistssoonrealizedthatDNAinfactbreaksdownsuper-fast;evenafter100

years,DNAfrommuseumskinsofdodoswasdecayed（腐烂）beyondrepair.Theycouldbe

sequenced（如!J定序歹U）usingmassivecomputationalpower,butthenonlywithconsiderable

uncertainty.AndevenifyoucaptureaDNAsequence,there'sstilltheproblemofhowyou

getlivingcellstoreadthatsequenceandexpressproteinsthatmakethedinosaurorthedodo.

Butwhywouldanyonewanttoseemammoths,orsomethinglikethem,roaming（漫游）

present-daySiberia?Well,theywereundoubtedlyamazingbeasts.Aswellashuntingthem,

ourdistantancestorspaintedtheirlikenessesincavesacrossEurope.Fascinatingastheymay

be,there'ssomeecologicaljustificationfortheprojecttoo.

Itwasthisdiversityoflandsurface,brokenupbyheavylimbsandrandomlyfertilised

byfaeces（排泄物），thatsupportedsomuchflora（植物群）.Withoutthemammoths,that

diversitydisappeared.Returnthemandlandscapeswouldonceagainbewithavarietyof

species,includingflowersandbushes.

True,ifsnotde-extinctioninthesenseofbringingalong-deadspeciesbacktolife.

Insteadit'smorelikemakinga"dodo”byengineeringamodempigeon,itsclosestrelative,to

becomehugeandflightless.Theresultwouldbeabig,fattypigeonthat,whetheritlooked

likeadodoornot,wouldprobablyfulfilsomeofitsecologicalroles.

Asapalaeontologist,Iwouldofcourselovetoseelivingdinosaurs,mammothsand

dodos.Insomeways,though,Iamrelievedthattheoptimisticclaimsforcloningandgenetic

technologieshavenotbeenborneout.Theslowdowngivesustimetoconsiderthe

outcomes-andhopefullyavoidsomeofMichaelCrichton'smorefeveredimaginings.

8.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?

A.Asciencefictionreview.B.ThedevelopmentofDNA.

C.Aninspiredguessofde-extinction.D.TheapplicationofPCRtechnology.

9.Whafsthebarriertocloningalivingembryo?

A.DNAishardtokeepforlong.B.Computationalpowerislimited.

C.Biologistsareopposedtoit.D.LivingcellscanDtbesequenced.

10.Whyarepeopleinterestedincloningextinctspecies?

A.Theyexpecttoseekhuntfun.B.Theylacksourcesofmodemart.

C.Theyneedthemforresearch.D.Theywanttoseebiodiversity.

11.Whafstheauthor'sattitudetowardcloningextinctspecies?

A.Cautious.B.Unclear.C.Dismissive.D.Approving.

Whenwindblowsthroughabigleafmaple（大叶枫），paper-thin,wing-likeseedscalled

samarasgentlyspintowardstheground.Thefruit'stissueallowsthewindtoguideitfurther

awayfromthetree.Inspiredbytheseeds,researchersdesignedatiny,wingedmicrochip,no

largerthanagrainofsand,thatispowerfulenoughtomonitorenvironmentalpollutionand

airbornedisease.

Calledthemicroflier,themicrochiphasnomotortopushitforwardintheairbutinstead

wasdesignedtocatchthewind.Toperfectthemicrochip'sflyingcapabilityandshape,

scientiststookinspirationfromtheformsofvariousairborneseeds.Theresearchteam

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improvedvariousdesignsuntilthemicrofliersflewslowlyandmoresteadilythannature's

samaraseeds.Theslowerfallingrateallowsthemicrochiptokeepflyingforlonger,which

givesitmoretimetocollectdataandmonitorairpollutantsandairbornediseases.

Toperfectthemicroflier5sflight,researcherstookinspirationfromchildren'spop-up

bookstocreatethethree-dimensionalwings.Usually,electronicmicrochipsareflat,

two-dimensionalobjects,butsomethingflatwon'ttakeflight.Tomakethe3-Dshape,John

A.Rogersandhisteambuiltastretchedrubberbasethatthemicrochiprestson.Thewings

popintoflightmodewhentherubberbaseisrelaxed.

ThechipgathersdatawithsensorsacrossitssurfacethatcansenseandmonitorpH

levels,testforheavymetalsorchemicals,andtrackairpollution.Anantenna（天线）onthe

microflierthensendsallthecollecteddatatoacomputerorphone.Rogersandhisteamare

planningtotestouttheelectronicchipssoonbydroppingthousandsofthechipsinafield.

Themicroflierswillchangecolordependingonthenumberofheavymetalspresentinthe

fieldwheretheyland.Adronewillthenflyovertheareaandtakephotosofthemicroflier's

colors,allowingresearcherstomapoutthepollutants.

Rogersandhisteamalsodesignedthemicrochipstobreakdownovertimetoprevent

environmentalpollution.

12.Whatisthewingedmicrochipdesignedtodo?

A.Guideseedsfromthetree.B.Preventairbornediseases.

C.Keeptrackofairqualities.D.Catchthewindtoflyaway.

13.Whatdoparagraph2and3focuson?

A.Whereresearchersdrawinspiration.B.Howthemicroflierhasimproved.

C.Whatthemicrochipdoesforhumans.D.Whythemicroflierfliesmorestably.

14.Whatdotheresearchersdowiththemicroflierinthefuture?

A.Dropchipsinthefield.B.Monitorthesoilcolor.

C.Mapoutairpollutants.D.Handlesoilpollution.

15.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Wingedmicrochipsformonitoringenvironment

B.Microflier:Aflyingdeviceofspreadingseeds

C.Drone:Aphotographerofmicroflier'scolors

D.Electronicchipsforfindingairbornediseases

SoothetheSundayScaries

Astheweekendcomestoanend,manyofusaremissingoutonSundayFundayand

anxiousabouttheupcomingweek.Expertshavenicknamedthisworrythe“Sundayscaries^^.

16

Here'showyoucaneaseyourend-of-weekendanxiety.

WhenstructuringyourSunday,trynottoarrangetoomanyerrandsandchores.Ifyou're

feelingmorestress,ifsimportanttomakespaceforsomeactivitiestorelaxyourself.And

there?snorightwaytodoso——maybeamidafternoonshowerorbath,maybeanengaging

movieorshow.17

Anxietyisanormalhumanexperience,andoneofthemainwaystomanageitisto

identifyyourpersonaltriggers.18Isitadeadline,meeting,orpresentation?Even

ifthere9snotasinglereasonbehindyourSundayanxiety,organizingthestressyouexpect

fromtheweekaheadintosmallpiecescanhelpit.

GettingridoftheSundayscariesisn'tjustaboutminimizingthegloomoftheweek

ahead,either.Havingsomethingtolookforwardtogivesyousomethingpleasingtothink

about,ratherthanonlyfocusingontheanxietyyoufeel.19Insteadoffocusingon

theawfulthingsyouexpectfromtheweek,buildexcitementoveralunchdatewithafriend.

MakeSundaynightsaboutdoingsomethingforyourselftoreduceyouranxietyabout

Monday.Plansomefavoritefoodstoenjoyorgoallinforsomeself-care.20Do

yourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou-leavetheworkemailsfor

Mondaymorning.

A.It'saformofshiftingyourthoughts.

B.Thisisanopportunitytogiveyourselfarefreshingtime.

C.Trytofigureoutwhafsreallycausingyoutofeartheweek.

D.Itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetoshiftyourthoughtstosomethingfun.

E.ButeventhoughtheSundayscariesarecommon,theyaremanageable.

F.Itcanbewhateverfeelslikeahelpfuldistractiontorelievefromthestress.

G.Insteadofsittingonthesofaandwatchingtheclock,dosomethingthatyouenjoy.

二、完形填空

Itookajobasareceptionistforapetdoctornearlyfivedecadesago.Asananimallover,

试卷第6页，共10页

Iacceptedthe21onconditionthatIwouldn'thavetohelpanywoundedanimals.

Icouldn'tbeartoseeanycreaturein22.

Attheendofmyfirstweek,wewereclosingtheofficefortheday23a

youngmanranuptous.Holdingaseverely24Dobermanpinscherpuppyinhis

arms,25ustosavehislife.Thetwo-month-oldpuppyhadbeenhitbyacar.The

doctorandIranbackintothe26room.Thedoctorworked27forwhat

seemedlikehoursstitchinghimbacktogetheragain.Itwastheeasiestpart.Thepuppyhad

28manybones,includinghisbackbone.Evenifhe29thenextfewdays,we

werequitesurehewouldneverwalkagain.

Thatdayforever30mylife.Thedoctorguidedme,andIbecamehis

31inallthingsmedical.OneofmyfirstjobswastogivethatDobermanpuppydaily

physicaltreatment.Iremembermovinghis32legstotrytokeephismuscles

fromweakening.Weekswentbyuntiloneday,Ifeltthislittle33pushbackever

soslightly.Andhecontinuedtopushbacktillhecouldfinallyusehislegs.

Fast-forwardaboutayear,Iwalkedintotheclinic'scrowdedwaitingroomandcalled

thenameofthenextclient.34,ahugeDobermanstandingquietlyonthe

oppositesideoftheroombrokeawayfromitsownerandrushedtowardme.Ifoundmyself

35againstthewallwiththishugedog36onhisbacklegs,hisfrontpaws

onmyshoulders,washingmyfacewithcountlessandjoyfulkisses!

Iamstillinamazementattheshowofloveand37thedoghadformethat

dayallthoseyearsago.Iwentontobeapetdoctorforthefollowingyearsuntil

38.Inallthetimethathas39andalltheexperiencesIhavehad,I've

40metadogwhodidn'tknowithadbeenrescuedinonewayoranother.

21.A.solutionB.transitionC.positionD.function

22.A.painB.curiosityC.anxietyD.pressure

23.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.while

24.A.frightenedB.ruinedC.huntedD.injured

25.A.beggedB.admiredC.appreciatedD.applied

26.A.dressingB.operatingC.waitingD.meeting

27.A.effortlesslyB.fearlesslyC.tirelesslyD.purposely

28.A.treatedB.removedC.recoveredD.broken

29.A.struggledB.survivedC.sufferedD.challenged

30.A.warnedB.alarmedC.changedD.inspired

31.A.assistantB.audienceC.applicantD.advisor

32.A.slightB.unusualC.strongD.tiny

33.A.partnerB.cheaterC.fighterD.loser

34.A.GraduallyB.SlowlyC.FinallyD.Suddenly

35.A.approachedB.pressedC.limitedD.conquered

36.A.sittingB.jumpingC.standingD.smiling

37.A.gratitudeB.charmC.giftD.beauty

38.A.conferenceB.retirementC.performanceD.graduation

39.A.greetedB.killedC.followedD.passed

40.A.neverB.alwaysC.everD.often

三、语法填空

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Asearlyasthe1980s,HuoqiuCountyinAnhuibegantheproductionoffoiegras(月巴月干

酱).

Now,it41(become)thelargestfoiegrasproductionbaseinthecountry,

withover140foiegrasproduction42(company).Theindustry'sannualoutput

valuereachesupto2billionyuan($280million).Caviar(鱼子酱)，foiegras,andblack

trufflesstandoutasthe43(world)threeculinarytreasures.

Traditionallyassociatedwithbeing“imported"and"expensive”,thesedelicacies(佳肴)

havewitnessed44shiftduetolarge-scaledomesticcultivation.This45

(drama)shiftnotonlyboostedthequantityinproductionbutalsoledtoadecline46

prices.

ArecentreportbyTaobaosaid47domesticallysourcedingredientslike

caviarandfoiegrasarenowpricedat48(approximate)halfthecostoftheir

importedcounterparts.Thisshiftenhancesthecost-effectivenessofsuchingredients,

49(make)themincreasinglyprevalentondiningtables.

Currently,Chinacontributesto60percentofglobalcaviarproduction,withthelargest

caviarproductioncompany50(situate)inZhejiangprovince.

试卷第8页，共10页

四、改错

51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或

修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Bycyclingyoucannotonlyenjoythesightsalongthewaybutalsocanexerciseyour

musclesorburnyourfat.Youcanprobableburnalotofcaloriesifyougoforone-hour

bicyclingtrip.Ifweightlossisyourobjection,onepoundaweekisbeneficial.Peoplewho

lostweightquicklyarelikelyregainweightwithinthefirstyear.

Ifcyclingispartofourlife,itisnotnecessarytogiveupsugarandcoffeeatasametime.

Besides,ahealthydietisofgreatimportantaswell.Eatingfruitandvegetablecanfuelyour

bodyonyourcyclingtrips.Ifyoucycleeverydayalongwithhealthyeating,youwillfeel

muchmorehealthier.

五、书信写作

52.假如你是李华，你校英语广播站向全校师生征集稿件，题目是MyFavoriteMotto

请你写一篇短文投稿。内容如下：

L名言及意义

2.对你的影响

注意：

词数110左右；

MyFavoriteMotto

试卷第10页，共10页

参考答案:

1.A2.C3.B

【导语】

本文是说明文。《读者文摘》在近1200期中发表了约35,000篇文章，文章介绍了其中最令

人自豪的时刻。

1.

细节理解题根据第二个小标题I'veCometoCleanYourShoesbyMadgeHarrah的最后一

句话“ifthepersonsays,'HowdidyouknowIneededthatdone?,Ireply,ifsbecauseamanonce

cleanedmyshoes「（如果这个人说，'你怎么知道我需要做这件事?我回答说，“那是因为曾经

有个人给我擦过鞋。"丫'可知，这位擦鞋子的熟人做了力所能及的小事表达对已经失去亲人

的朋友的关心。故选A。

2.

细节理解题。根据第三个小标题StrangeEncounteronCohoCreekbyMorrisHomerErwin

中的“Whenwesharedthisclassiconrd.comin2019,itwentviralandithasnowbeenreadby

manymillionsonlineandinprint.（2019年，当我们在rd.com分享这部经典作品时，它迅速传

播开来，现在已经有数百万人在网上和印刷品上阅读了它。广可知，这个故事在网上被疯狂

转发，非常受欢迎。故选C。

3.

推理判断题。根据第一段“Reader'sDigesthaspublishedsome35,000articlesinnearly1,200

issues....Thesearesomeofourproudestmoments.（《读者文摘》在近1200期刊物上发表了

35000篇文章。……这些是最令人自豪的时刻章）”可知，这篇文章是读者杂志和分享已经发表

过的故事。故选B。

4.B5.D6.C7.B

【导语】

本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了MarkFuhrmann在退休后变卖了大部分财产，开始了航

行，进入自己人生中新的季节的故事。他的旅程充满了各种曲折，也有与陌生人产生联系的

时刻，他享受着与自然相连的经历，期待着在航行中发现真实的自己。

4.

答案第1页，共13页

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Fuhrmannstartedthesejourneys"tokickstartretirement"fromthe

maritimePRbusinessheraninOsloforthepast30years.（Fuhrmann开始这些旅程是为了“启动

退休生活”，他从自己在奥斯陆经营了30年的海事公关业务中退休了）”和“Itwasgoodtoget

ridofallofthosethingsandsay:"Thisisn'taphase;thisisanewseason（摆脱所有这些东西并

说‘这不是一个阶段；这是一个新的季节'是件好事）”可知，Fuhrmann变卖了大部分财产是为

了开始退休后的新生活。故选B项。

5.

词义猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Thechallengeswerepsychological,physical,andsometimes

life-threatening.InFlorida,hewaschasedbyanalligator（短吻鳄），butnarrowlyescapedfromit.

IntheBostonarea,hesaw“ablackfinmovingtowardsmelikeasnake”.Helayhisoar（戈桨）

acrosshislapandwaited.<4Ifagreatwhitesharkcanswimleisurely,thafsexactlywhatitdid.It

justpassedme,^^hesays.Tenminuteslater,Fuhrmannpulledhiskayak（小艇）intoacove,where

heranintoamanwhoinvitedhimintohishomeforcoffeeandapplepie.（这些挑战既有心理上

的，也有身体上的，有时甚至危及生命。在佛罗里达，他被一只短吻鳄追赶，但侥幸逃脱。

在波士顿地区，他看到“一条黑色的鳍像蛇一样向我移动”。他把桨放在膝盖上，等待着。“如

果大白鲨可以悠闲地游泳，那么它就是这么做的。它就这么从我身边掠过，”他说。十分钟

后，Fuhrmann把他的皮艇划进了一个小海湾，在那里他遇到了一个邀请他去他家喝咖啡、

吃苹果派的男人）”可知，Fuhrmann在航行中遇到了很多挑战，也有幸遇到善良的陌生人。

由此可知，theseswitchbacks指的是上文叙述的这些挑战，switchbacks意思应该是“挑战，曲

折”，与challenges意思接近。故选D项。

6.

推理判断题。根据第五段中Fuhrmann所说的话“Natureisbomwithinus.Ifyouavoidthat,you

avoidexperiencingsomethingthatisvitaltowhoyouareasaperson.（自然是与生俱来的。如果

你避免了这些，你就避免了经历一些对你作为一个人来说至关重要的事情）”可知，Fuhrmann

认为一个人如果避免与自然接触，则会缺失很多对于自我很重要的经历。由此可知，他会同

意“拥有基于自然的经历会很好”的观点。故选C项。

7.

细节理解题。根据最后一段中"Hestartedhislatestvoyagebecause"Iwantedtohaveabetter

understandingofwhoIwas.Iwantedtohavetimeformythoughtstowander,torestart,to

discoverthevalueandpowerwithinmyself."（他开始最近的一次航行是因为“我想更好地了解

答案第2页，共13页

我是谁。我希望有时间让我的思想漫游，重新开始，发现我内心的价值和力量。”）”可知，

Fuhrmann是为了发现真实的自己。故选B项。

8.C9.A10.D11.A

【导语】

本篇是议论文，作者对克隆灭绝物种进行了分析。

8.

主旨大意题。文章第二段讲到"inwhichheimaginedaworldwherescientistswereabletobring

dinosaursbacktolife.Crichtonimaginedthatpolymerasechainreaction（PCR）technologycould

beawaytoamplify（放大）tinyquantitiesofdinosaurDNAandthusbuildalivingembryo.（在小

说里，他想象了一个科学家能够让恐龙复活的世界。克莱顿设想聚合酶链式反应（PCR）技

术可能是一种扩增（放大）微小数量的恐龙DNA,从而构建了一个活的胚胎。厂可知，第二

段的主要内容是一个关于灭绝动物复活启发性猜测。故选C。

9.

细节理解题。文章第三段讲到"Sadly,biologistssoonrealizedthatDNAinfactbreaksdown

super-fast;evenafter100years,DNAfrommuseumskinsofdodoswasdecayed（腐烂）beyond

repair.（可悲的是，生物学家很快意识到DNA实际上分解得非常快；即使在100年后，博物

馆里渡渡鸟皮肤上的DNA也腐烂得无法修复。厂可知，克隆活胚胎的障碍是很难长期保存。

故选Ao

10.

细节理解题。文章第五段讲到"Withoutthemammoths,thatdiversitydisappeared.Returnthem

andlandscapeswouldonceagainbewithavarietyofspecies,includingflowersandbushes.（没有

长毛象，这种多样性就消失了。让他们回归，景观将再次出现各种各样的物种，包括花朵和

灌木。）”可知，人们热衷于克隆灭绝动物主要是想看到生物的多样性。故选D。

11.

推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Theslowdowngivesustimetoconsidertheoutcomes-and

hopefullyavoidsomeofMichaelCrichton'smorefeveredimaginings（经济放缓给了我们时间来

考虑结果——并有望避免迈克尔・克莱顿的一些更狂热的想象）”可知，作者对克隆灭绝动物持

谨慎的观点。故选A。

12.C13.B14.D15.A

答案第3页，共13页

【导语】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能够监测环境质量的带翼微芯片。

12.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Inspiredbytheseeds,researchersdesignedatiny,winged

microchip,nolargerthanagrainofsand,thatispowerfulenoughtomonitorenvironmental

pollutionandairbornediseased受这些种子的启发，研究人员设计了一种微小的带翼微芯片，

它比一粒沙子还小，但却足以监测环境污染和空气传播疾病）”可知，这种芯片被设计用来监

测空气质量。故选C项。

13.主旨大意题。根据第二段第二三句"Toperfectthemicrochip'sflyingcapabilityandsh叩e,

scientiststookinspirationfromtheformsofvariousairborneseeds.Theresearchteamimproved

variousdesignsuntilthemicrofliersflewslowlyandmoresteadilythannature'ssamaraseeds.（为

了完善微芯片的飞行能力和形状，科学家们从各种通过空气传播的种子的形式中获得灵感。

研究小组改进了各种设计，直到微型飞行器比自然界的翅果种子飞得更慢、更稳定）”及第三

段第一句"Toperfectthemicroflier'sflight,researcherstookinspirationfromchildren'spop-up

bookstocreatethethree-dimensionalwings.（为了完善微型飞行器的飞行，研究人员从儿童立

体书中获得灵感，创造了三维翅膀）”及第三句"Tomakethe3-Dshape,JohnA.Rogersandhis

teambuiltastretchedrubberbasethatthemicrochiprestson.（为了制作3D形状，JohnA.Rogers

和他的团队制作了一个可拉伸的橡胶底座，让微芯片固定在上面）”可知，这两段主要介绍了

研究团队是如何改良和完善微型飞行器的。故选B项。

14.推理判断题。根据第四段第三四五句"Rogersandhisteamareplanningtotestoutthe

electronicchipssoonbydroppingthousandsofthechipsinafield.Themicroflierswillchange

colordependingonthenumberofheavymetalspresentinthefieldwheretheyland.Adronewill

thenflyovertheareaandtakephotosofthemicroflier'scolors,allowingresearcherstomapout

thepollutants（Rogers和他的团队计划在不久的将来通过在田野中投放数千个芯片来测试这

种电子芯片。这些微型飞行器会根据着陆地重金属含量的多少而改变颜色。然后，一架无人

机将飞越该地区，拍摄微型飞行器的颜色，使研究人员能够绘制出污染物的地图）”可推知，

这些微型飞行器会根据着陆地重金属含量的多少而改变颜色，方便研究人员能够绘制出土地

污染物的地图，从而解决土地污染问题。故选D项。

15.主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句"Inspiredbytheseeds,researchersdesignedatiny,winged

microchip,nolargerthanagrainofsand,thatispowerfulenoughtomonitorenvironmental

答案第4页，共13页

pollutionandairbornediseased受这些种子的启发，研究人员设计了一种微小的带翼微芯片，

它比一粒沙子还小，但却足以监测环境污染和空气传播疾病。）及第四段第一句"Thechip

gathersdatawithsensorsacrossitssurfacethatcansenseandmonitorpHlevels,testforheavy

metalsorchemicals,andtrackairpollution.（该芯片通过其表面的传感器收集数据，这些传感器

可以感知和监测pH值，测试重金属或化学物质，并跟踪空气污染）”可知，本文主要介绍了

能够监测环境质量的带翼微芯片。故选A项。

16.E17.F18.C19.A20.B

【导语】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是如何缓解周日恐慌。

16.

根据空前的"Expertshavenicknamedthisworrythe"Sundayscaries”.（专家们把这种担忧戏称

为“周日恐慌可知，此处引出本文的话题“周日恐慌”，根据空后的“Here'showyoucanease

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