2023-2024学年广东省深圳市宝安区九年级（下）期中英语试卷

第1页（共1页）2023-2024学年广东省深圳市宝安区九年级（下）期中英语试卷第一部分选择题1.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。1．（10分）ItwasthefinalpartoftheWorldTriathlon（铁人三项）Series.Withjust700metrestogo，AlistairBrownleewasinthirdplaceandhisyoungerbrother，Jonny，wasinfirst.Alistairtriedtopushhimselftowardsthefinishline.（1），ashecamearoundthecorner，hesawhisbrotherfallingontothetrack（跑道）.Alistairhadtochoose—brotherlylove，orachanceto（2）therace？（3），itwaseasyforAlistairtomakeachoice.Hehadtohelpsincehisbrotherwas（4）.AlistairrantowardsJonny，caughthimandstartedpullinghimtowardsthefinishline.Alistairthenpushedhisbrotherovertheline.ThemoveputJonnyin（5）placeandAlistairhimselfinthird.Itwasanunexpectedendtotherace，butAlistairdidnotwanttodiscussitwiththemedia.Hejustwantedtoseehisyoungerbrother，whohadbeentakentothe（6）area.TheBrownleebrothershavebeendoingtriathlonssincetheywerechildren."Whenyourolderbrotherisdoingit，youthinkit'sacoolthingtodo，"saysJonny.Alistairsaysthatthey（7）eachotherasmuchastheycanwhentheytrain.Althoughtheysometimesargueabout"stupidthings"，Alistairagreesthathavingabrotherisa（n）（8）."Throughoutmylife，I'vehadmy（9）tryingtobeatmeateverythingIdo.It'sbeenmakingabetterme."Shouldthebrothersbehighlypraisedfortheiractionsornot？ForAlistair，his（10）waseasytoexplain："Mumwouldn'thavebeenhappyifI'dleftJonnybehind."Atthatmoment，hewasnolongeranathleteaimingforamedal﹣hewasjustabrother.（1）A.AnywayB.BesidesC.HoweverD.Therefore（2）A.winB.endC.attendD.continue（3）A.UnluckilyB.StrangelyC.ClearlyD.Suddenly（4）A.infearB.introubleC.insilenceD.insurprise（5）A.secondB.fourthC.fifthD.sixth（6）A.chemicalB.medicalC.publicD.local（7）A.saveB.refuseC.remindD.encourage（8）A.excuseB.resultC.problemD.advantage（9）A.brotherB.sisterC.fatherD.mother（10）A.chanceB.decisionC.dreamD.careerⅡ.阅读理解（40分）第一节阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。2．（7.5分）TheFirstShenzhen（International）IntelligentSanitationCleaningRobotCompetitionwasheldatShenzhenWorldExhibition&ConventionCenter（国际会展中心）inBao'anDistrictinMarch2024.Atotalof37robotsgotawardsatthecompetition.Fourofthemwonfirstprizes，sevensecondprizes，tenthirdprizes，andtheothersreceivedmeritprizes.Atfirst，companiesdevelopedcleaningrobotsbasedontheirunderstandingsofmarketdemands（需求）.Thiscompetition，alsotheworld'sfirstsanitationrobotcompetition，however，wassettochangethissituation.Itaimedtohelpthehigh﹣qualitydevelopmentofsanitationcleaningrobots.ThedriverlesssweeperS330，developedbyacompanyfromShenzhen，wononeofthefirstprizes.Itwastheonlyonetosuccessfullyfinishcleaningona20﹣degreeslopeatthecompetition.ThesweeperS330isahighlyintelligentoutdoordriverlesssweeperandithasalargerubbishbin.Itcandumprubbishbyitselfwhenitisfull.Itcanalsocleanwhilespraying（喷）watertocontroldust.ThissweeperhasbeenusedinHuafuSubdistrictandShenzhenBookCityCBDStoreinFutianDistrict.Atpresent，ShenzhenisleadinginproducingandresearchinganddevelopingtheAIsanitationequipment.Ittakesupmorethan30%ofthesecompaniesinthisareainChina.ShenzhenisplayingaveryimportantroleinChina，andevenaroundtheworld.（1）Howmanyrobotsgotthemeritprizes？A.4.B.7.C.16.D.37.（2）Whydidcompaniesinventthecleaningrobotsatfirst？A.Tosatisfymarketneeds.B.Tobetterunderstandthem.C.Tocleanon20﹣degreeslopes.D.Togetawardsatcompetitions.（3）What'sthepurposeofholdingthecompetition？A.Toattractforeigncompanies'attention.B.Tobuildupagoodenvironmentforcompanies.C.Toimprovethedevelopmentofthecleaningrobots.D.Toencouragemorecompaniestojoinincompetitions.（4）Whatdoweknowaboutthesweepers330accordingtothepassage？a.Itcandocleaningandspraywater.b.Itcandumprubbishbyitself.c.Itcandocleaningona20﹣degreeslope.d.It'sbeenusedeverywhereinShenzhen.A.abd.B.bcd.C.acd.D.abc.（5）What'sthepassagemainlyabout？A.Astudyaboutmakingrobots.B.Aplanfordevelopingnewrobots.C.Anewsreportaboutarobotcompetition.D.Aguidetoaninternationalcompetition.3．（7.5分）Thenumberofdaysittakestoformanewhabitdependsonthehabit，onyou，andonwhatmethodsyou'reusingtobuildandkeepthathabit.Itmaybefrom21daysto8monthsormore.Whyistherange（范围）sowide？Whatcanyoudotobuildahabitfaster？Apopularanswer，"21days"，isthetimewithinwhichpeoplecanbuildanewhabit.Manypeoplehaveapplied（运用）the"21﹣day"timetoallhabits.However，notallbehavioursarethesameandsomemayneedoverthreeweeks.Howlongittakestoestablishahabitmaydependonwhatthetipandthepurposeis.Formingahabitmaytakebetween18and254days.Researchersfoundtheaverageamountoftimeneededforabehaviourtobecomeahabitis66days.Theymentionedthatdifferentactionsrequiredadifferentlevelofefforttoo.Forexample，thosewhowereaskedtodevelopahabitofdrinkingaglassofwateratbreakfastwereprobablymoresuccessfulthanpeoplewhowereaskedtodo50sit﹣upseachday.Howcanyouformahabitinafastway？Firstly，believing﹣in﹣yourselfcouldbethekeytodevelopingandkeepinghabits.Ifyoumakeupyourmindtogiveupsmoking，loseweightordrinkless，believeinyourself!Andyouwillmakeit.Secondly，thewayapersonmakesagoalmoreattractivecanalsobeimportant.Iftheprocessofbuildingyourhabitdoesn'thaveanyreward（奖励），youareunlikelytosticktoyourgoals.Then，scientistsalsoadvisedmakingtheprocessaseasyaspossible.Forexample，ifthegoalistogotothegymthreetimesaweek，apersonshouldpickagymnearhishome.（1）Howdoesthewriterintroducethetopic？A.Bytellingastory.B.Bygivingsomefacts.C.Byaskingquestions.D.Byusinganoldsaying.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"establish"inParagraph3probablymean？A.stop.B.form.C.change.D.continue.（3）Howlongdopeopleneedtoformahabitonaverage？A.21days.B.254days.C.8months.D.About2months.（4）Whocanprobablyformahabitfastaccordingtothepassage？A.Tomwhomakeshisdecisiontodo100pull﹣upseachtime.B.Kenwhocangetarewardifhekeepspractisingswimming.C.Suzywhohastotakeabustoabody﹣trainingstudiotokeepfit.D.Cathywhodoesn'tbelieveshecanloseweightbydoingexercise.（5）Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthisarticle？A.NATUREB.CULTUREC.LIFESTYLED.LANGUAGE4．（7.5分）InOctober2023，threeMediterraneanfruitflieswerediscoveredinLeimertPark，California.ThiswasseriousnewsforfarmersinCalifornia，abigfarmingstate.Thesolutiontotheproblemseemsalittleunusual：freeingmillionsmoreoftheflies.TheMediterraneanfruitfly，knownasthe"Medfly"，isoneofthemostseriousdangerstofarmersworldwide.Oncethefliesmaketheirwayintoanarea，itcanbeveryhardforfarmerstodrivethemaway.Theflieslaytheireggsinover300kindsoffruitsandvegetables.Whentheeggshatch，theyturnintoworm﹣likelarvae（幼虫）thatcandestroytheseproducts.However，itcanbehardtoknowthatthefliesarethereuntilit'stoolate.Thefruitsandvegetablesstilllooknormalevenaftertheeggsarelaidinside.Sothedamagedfruitsandvegetablescanbesenttootherplaces，allowingtheMedfliestospread.Tostoptheproblemfromspreading.thegovermentbuildalargequarntine（防疫）area，whichmeansthatnofarmproductscanbemovedoutofthatarea.Luckily，CaliforniahasdevelopedaprogramtocontrolMedflies.TheplanincludesusingplanestodropmillionsofMedfliesoverthearea.Infact，theyonlydropmaleflies，andallofthemhavebeentreatedsothattheycan'thelpproducenewfruitflies.Themalesaresterile（不育的）.Thismeansthateventhoughtheycanmatewithfemalefruitflies，theeggsproducedwillnevergroworhatch.Theplanmaysoundlikeabadideaatfirst，butitcansurelymakeMedflynumbersfall.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"referto？A.ThefarminginCalifornia.B.Thereasonforfreeingtheflies.C.Thesolutiontothefruitflyproblem.D.ThediscoveryofMedfliesinCalifornia.（2）WhatdangercantheMedfliescauseforfarmers？A.Producingharmfulwaste.B.Bringingdiseasestofarmers.C.Damagingfarmproductsbadly.D.AttractingmoreMedfliestothefields.（3）WhichquestionofthefollowingdoesParagraph4mainlyanswer？A.HowdoMedflieslayeggs？B.WheredoMedfliesspread？C.WhendoMedflieslayeggs？D.WhyisithardtofindMedflies？（4）HowdoesCaliforniacontroltheMedflies？A.Byproducingnewfruitflies.B.BymovingoutthefemaleMedflies.C.BydroppingsterilemaleMedflies.D.BybuildinganareatokeepMedflies.（5）What'sthebesttitleforthepassage？A.FindingaWaytoGrowCropsB.FightingFruitFlieswithFruitFliesC.StoppingaHealthProblemfromSpreadingD.DevelopingaProgramtoProduceMoreFruits第二节补全信息，请阅读下面的短文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。5．（10分）A.Sincethen，theyhavebeenheldeveryfouryears.B.Atthebeginning，theOlympicGameshadonlyoneevent：sprint.C.ThefirstrecordedOlympicGamestookplacein776BCinOlympia.D.Anditwaschangedinto"Faster，Higher，Stronger﹣Together"in2021.E.Duringthegames，therewasawar﹣stoppingperiodamongthewarringstates.F.So，thesummerandwinterGamesbringpeopletogetherfromallovertheworld.TheOlympicGames，whichdatebacktoancientGreece，havealonghistory.（1）Atthattime，theywerepartofafestivalinhonorofZeus，thekingofthegods.（2）Overtime，moreeventswereadded，includingwrestling，boxing，andhorseracing.TheathletesfromalloverGreececametocompeteandshowtheirskills.TheancientOlympicGamesweremorethanjustasportingevent.TheywerealsoatimeforGreekstocometogetherinpeace.（3）ThemodernOlympicGameswereheldforthefirsttimeinAthens，Greece，in1896.（4）Today，theOlympicGamesaretheworld'slargestsportinggames.Theybringthousandsofworldchampionstogetherandunite（联合）millionsoffansfortheWorld'smostexcitingsportingcompetition.TheOlympicGameshavecomealongwaysincetheirancientbeginnings."Faster，Higher，Stronger"wasthemottoforover120years.（5）Itmeansthatwecanonlygofaster，aimhigher，andbecomestrongerifwestandtogether.第三节信息匹配6．（7.5分）下面的材料A～F分别是六本杂志的内容简介。请根据五名同学的喜好选择合适的杂志。A.Godoit!﹣﹣Doyouhavebigideasofprotectingtheplanet？Doyouwanttostopclimatechange？Itisaperfectthingforyou.B.Humantouch﹣﹣Wehaveeverythingfromknittingandsewingpatternstoourletterspage.Hereyoucanfindanymodernpatternfortheclothes.C.Outdoors﹣﹣Agreatnewmagazineforeveryonewholikestogetoutandbeactive，rainorshine.Therearelotsofideasandadviceoncampingandhillwalking.D.PlanetA﹣﹣Amagazineforthosewholovetoseerainandcloudsinnature.Thismagazinegivesyouinformationtohelpyouplanyouradventuresinthewild.E.Topact﹣﹣Amagazineforyoungfansofthetheatre.Weletyouknowwhat'sonnearyou.Youcanalsofindayouththeatreclubnearyouonyourlocalcontactpage.F.Thelatest﹣﹣Eachweek，wehaveadifferentfocusonthelatesttechnologiesintheworldfromsciencetomusic.Ifsomethingnewishappening，you'llknowaboutitfirst!（1）Sueenjoysmodernfashionandmakesherownclothesinherfreetime.（2）Peterreallylovesfindingoutaboutthelatesttechnology，fastcarsandmusic.（3）Interestedintheenvironment，Karenwantstodosomethingtoprotecttheearth.（4）Hopingtojoinatheatregroup，Jessicawantstofindpeoplewhoareinterestedinthesamething.（5）Sonia'sfavoritewaytospendtimeisgoingtothemountainsandillwalkingwhatevertheweatherislike.Ⅲ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。7．（10分）ThetraditionalChinesesolarcalendardividesayearinto24solarterms.TheSpringEquinox（春分），as（1）fourthtermoftheyearstartson20Marchandendson3Aprilthisyear.OnthedayoftheSpringEquinox，theSunisdirectlyabovetheequator（赤道）.Aftertheequinox，theSunmovesnorthwards，whichresults（2）longerdaytimeintheNorthernHemisphere（半球）andlongernightintheSouthernHemisphere.Herearethreeofthe（3）（thing）youmaynotknowabouttheSpringEquinox.Standinganeggupright（4）（be）apopulargameacrossthecountryduringtheSpringEquinoxsince4，000yearsago.Peoplepractiseit（5）（celebrate）thecomingofspring.Itisbelievedthatifsomeonecanmaketheeggstand，hewillhavegoodluckinthefuture.EatingspringvegetablesduringtheSpringEquinoxisatraditioninmanyplacesofChina.Springvegetablesareseasonalvegetables（6）aredifferentfromplacetoplace.TheancientteachingsintheChineseclassic，HuangdiNeijing，suggeststhatpeopleeatseasonalfoodstohelpstay（7）（health）andbringgoodluck.（8）（usual），rewardingcattleispopularinthesouthernareaoftheYangtzeRiver.AstheSpringEquinoxcomes，farmworkstarts，andthefarmersandthecattlebecomebusy.Farmerswillrewardcattlewithstickyriceballstoexpress（9）（they）thanks.Meanwhile，tothankthebirdsfor（10）（bring）signalsforfarmworkandtowishthemnottoeatgrainslaterintheyear，peoplewillalsomakesacrifice（祭品）tothem.Thesearewhatthefarmersoftendotowishfortheharvestofthecomingyear.IV.书面表达8．（15分）为促进学生身心健康成长，深圳市中小学正在全面推行"每天一节体育课"。假定你是学校英语报小记者，请就你校体育课开展情况完成一篇新闻报道。要点：（1）描述学校体育课开设情况：①上课频率；②上课形式；③活动内容。（2）介绍一项最受同学们欢迎的体育活动；（3）总结同学们的感受及看法（分别至少写1点）。要求：（1要点齐全，可适当发挥；（2文中不得出现真实姓名和校名；（3条理清晰，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范；（4词数80左右（开头已经给出，不计入总词数）。参考词汇：体育PE（PhysicalEducation）DailyPEClassesatOurSchoolToimprovestudents'health，primaryschoolsandjuniorhighschoolsinShenzhenhavehadadailyPEclasssincethebeginningofthisterm.Inourschool，________参考答案与试题解析第一部分选择题1.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。1．（10分）ItwasthefinalpartoftheWorldTriathlon（铁人三项）Series.Withjust700metrestogo，AlistairBrownleewasinthirdplaceandhisyoungerbrother，Jonny，wasinfirst.Alistairtriedtopushhimselftowardsthefinishline.（1）C，ashecamearoundthecorner，hesawhisbrotherfallingontothetrack（跑道）.Alistairhadtochoose—brotherlylove，orachanceto（2）Atherace？（3）C，itwaseasyforAlistairtomakeachoice.Hehadtohelpsincehisbrotherwas（4）B.AlistairrantowardsJonny，caughthimandstartedpullinghimtowardsthefinishline.Alistairthenpushedhisbrotherovertheline.ThemoveputJonnyin（5）AplaceandAlistairhimselfinthird.Itwasanunexpectedendtotherace，butAlistairdidnotwanttodiscussitwiththemedia.Hejustwantedtoseehisyoungerbrother，whohadbeentakentothe（6）Barea.TheBrownleebrothershavebeendoingtriathlonssincetheywerechildren."Whenyourolderbrotherisdoingit，youthinkit'sacoolthingtodo，"saysJonny.Alistairsaysthatthey（7）Deachotherasmuchastheycanwhentheytrain.Althoughtheysometimesargueabout"stupidthings"，Alistairagreesthathavingabrotherisa（n）（8）D."Throughoutmylife，I'vehadmy（9）AtryingtobeatmeateverythingIdo.It'sbeenmakingabetterme."Shouldthebrothersbehighlypraisedfortheiractionsornot？ForAlistair，his（10）Bwaseasytoexplain："Mumwouldn'thavebeenhappyifI'dleftJonnybehind."Atthatmoment，hewasnolongeranathleteaimingforamedal﹣hewasjustabrother.（1）A.AnywayB.BesidesC.HoweverD.Therefore（2）A.winB.endC.attendD.continue（3）A.UnluckilyB.StrangelyC.ClearlyD.Suddenly（4）A.infearB.introubleC.insilenceD.insurprise（5）A.secondB.fourthC.fifthD.sixth（6）A.chemicalB.medicalC.publicD.local（7）A.saveB.refuseC.remindD.encourage（8）A.excuseB.resultC.problemD.advantage（9）A.brotherB.sisterC.fatherD.mother（10）A.chanceB.decisionC.dreamD.career【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：然而，当他转过拐角时，他看到弟弟摔倒在跑道上。A.无论如何；B.此外；C.然而；D.因此。根据hesawhisbrotherfallingontothetrack（他看到弟弟摔倒在跑道上），可知此处表转折。故选C。（2）考查动词。句意：Alistair必须做出选择——是兄弟的爱还是赢得比赛的机会。A.赢得；B.结束；C.参加；D.继续。根据Alistairhadtochoose（Alistair必须做出选择）以及...therace（比赛）可知，他有两个选择，一个是帮助兄弟，另一个赢得比赛。故选A。（3）考查副词。句意：很显然，Alistair很容易就做出了选择。A.不幸地；B.奇怪地；C.清楚地，显然地；D.突然。根据AlistairrantowardsJonny，caughthimandstartedpullinghimtowardsthefinishline（Alistair跑向Jonny，抓住他开始把他拉向终点线）可知，很显然，Alistair选择了兄弟之间的爱。故选C。（4）考查短语。句意：他必须帮忙，因为他的弟弟遇到麻烦。A.在恐惧中；B.遇到麻烦；C.沉默地；D.出乎意料。根据hesawhisbrotherfallingontothetrack（他看见他的弟弟摔倒在跑道上）可知，他的弟弟遇到麻烦。故选B。（5）考查序数词。句意：这一举动使Jonny排到第二位，而Alistair自己处于第三名。A.第二；B.第四；C.第五；D.第六。根据AlistairrantowardsJonny，caughthimandstartedpullinghimtowardsthefinishline（Alistair跑向Jonny，抓住他开始把他拉向终点线）可知，Alistair选择了帮助弟弟，让弟弟得了第二名，而自己在弟弟之后是第三名。故选A。（6）考查形容词。句意：他只想去看看被带到医疗区的弟弟。A.化学的；B.医疗的；C.公众的；D.当地的。根据hesawhisbrotherfallingontothetrack（他看到弟弟摔倒在跑道上）可知，弟弟摔倒受伤，被带去了医疗区。故选B。（7）考查动词。句意：Alistair说他们在训练中会尽可能多互相鼓励。A.拯救；B.拒绝；C.提醒；D.鼓励。根据whentheytrain（当他们训练的时候），可知兄弟俩在训练中会互相鼓励。故选D。（8）考查动词。句意：虽然他们有时会为"愚蠢的事情"相互争论，但Alistair同意有一个兄弟是一件好事。A.理由；B.结果；C.问题；D.优点，好处。根据It'sbeenmakingabetterme.（它使我变得更好。）可知，有一个兄弟是一件好事。故选D。（9）考查名词。句意：在我的一生中，我有一个在任何事情上都想击败我的兄弟。A.兄弟；B.姐妹；C.父亲；D.母亲。根据tryingtobeatmeateverythingIdo（在任何事情上都想击败我）可知，此处是指兄弟俩之间的竞争和鼓励。故选A。（10）考查名词。句意：对Alistair来说，他的决定很容易解释。A.机会；B.决定；C.梦想；D.事业。根据Mumwouldn'thavebeenhappyifI'dleftJonnybehind.（如果我丢下Jonny，妈妈会不高兴。）可知，Alistair解释了自己帮助弟弟的决定。故选B。Ⅱ.阅读理解（40分）第一节阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。2．（7.5分）TheFirstShenzhen（International）IntelligentSanitationCleaningRobotCompetitionwasheldatShenzhenWorldExhibition&ConventionCenter（国际会展中心）inBao'anDistrictinMarch2024.Atotalof37robotsgotawardsatthecompetition.Fourofthemwonfirstprizes，sevensecondprizes，tenthirdprizes，andtheothersreceivedmeritprizes.Atfirst，companiesdevelopedcleaningrobotsbasedontheirunderstandingsofmarketdemands（需求）.Thiscompetition，alsotheworld'sfirstsanitationrobotcompetition，however，wassettochangethissituation.Itaimedtohelpthehigh﹣qualitydevelopmentofsanitationcleaningrobots.ThedriverlesssweeperS330，developedbyacompanyfromShenzhen，wononeofthefirstprizes.Itwastheonlyonetosuccessfullyfinishcleaningona20﹣degreeslopeatthecompetition.ThesweeperS330isahighlyintelligentoutdoordriverlesssweeperandithasalargerubbishbin.Itcandumprubbishbyitselfwhenitisfull.Itcanalsocleanwhilespraying（喷）watertocontroldust.ThissweeperhasbeenusedinHuafuSubdistrictandShenzhenBookCityCBDStoreinFutianDistrict.Atpresent，ShenzhenisleadinginproducingandresearchinganddevelopingtheAIsanitationequipment.Ittakesupmorethan30%ofthesecompaniesinthisareainChina.ShenzhenisplayingaveryimportantroleinChina，andevenaroundtheworld.（1）Howmanyrobotsgotthemeritprizes？CA.4.B.7.C.16.D.37.（2）Whydidcompaniesinventthecleaningrobotsatfirst？AA.Tosatisfymarketneeds.B.Tobetterunderstandthem.C.Tocleanon20﹣degreeslopes.D.Togetawardsatcompetitions.（3）What'sthepurposeofholdingthecompetition？CA.Toattractforeigncompanies'attention.B.Tobuildupagoodenvironmentforcompanies.C.Toimprovethedevelopmentofthecleaningrobots.D.Toencouragemorecompaniestojoinincompetitions.（4）Whatdoweknowaboutthesweepers330accordingtothepassage？Da.Itcandocleaningandspraywater.b.Itcandumprubbishbyitself.c.Itcandocleaningona20﹣degreeslope.d.It'sbeenusedeverywhereinShenzhen.A.abd.B.bcd.C.acd.D.abc.（5）What'sthepassagemainlyabout？CA.Astudyaboutmakingrobots.B.Aplanfordevelopingnewrobots.C.Anewsreportaboutarobotcompetition.D.Aguidetoaninternationalcompetition.【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Atotalof37robotsgotawardsatthecompetition.Fourofthemwonfirstprizes，sevensecondprizes，tenthirdprizes，andtheothersreceivedmeritprizes.（共有37个机器人在比赛中获奖。其中四人获得一等奖，七人获得二等奖，十人获得三等奖，其他人获得优秀奖。）可知，有16个获得了优秀奖。故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Atfirst，companiesdevelopedcleaningrobotsbasedontheirunderstandingsofmarketdemands（需求）.（起初，公司基于对市场需求的理解开发清洁机器人。）可知，是为了满足市场需求。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Itaimedtohelpthehigh﹣qualitydevelopmentofsanitationcleaningrobots.（它旨在帮助环卫清洁机器人的高质量发展。）可知，是为了促进清洁机器人的发展。故选C。（4）细节理解题。根据第四段Itwastheonlyonetosuccessfullyfinishcleaningona20﹣degreeslopeatthecompetition.（它是比赛中唯一一个成功完成20度斜坡清洁的。）和Itcandumprubbishbyitselfwhenitisfull.Itcanalsocleanwhilespraying（喷）watertocontroldust.（它能在装满的时候自己倒垃圾。还可以一边清洗，一边喷水控尘。）可知，abc符合题意。故选D。（5）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章是关于机器人比赛的新闻报道。故选C。3．（7.5分）Thenumberofdaysittakestoformanewhabitdependsonthehabit，onyou，andonwhatmethodsyou'reusingtobuildandkeepthathabit.Itmaybefrom21daysto8monthsormore.Whyistherange（范围）sowide？Whatcanyoudotobuildahabitfaster？Apopularanswer，"21days"，isthetimewithinwhichpeoplecanbuildanewhabit.Manypeoplehaveapplied（运用）the"21﹣day"timetoallhabits.However，notallbehavioursarethesameandsomemayneedoverthreeweeks.Howlongittakestoestablishahabitmaydependonwhatthetipandthepurposeis.Formingahabitmaytakebetween18and254days.Researchersfoundtheaverageamountoftimeneededforabehaviourtobecomeahabitis66days.Theymentionedthatdifferentactionsrequiredadifferentlevelofefforttoo.Forexample，thosewhowereaskedtodevelopahabitofdrinkingaglassofwateratbreakfastwereprobablymoresuccessfulthanpeoplewhowereaskedtodo50sit﹣upseachday.Howcanyouformahabitinafastway？Firstly，believing﹣in﹣yourselfcouldbethekeytodevelopingandkeepinghabits.Ifyoumakeupyourmindtogiveupsmoking，loseweightordrinkless，believeinyourself!Andyouwillmakeit.Secondly，thewayapersonmakesagoalmoreattractivecanalsobeimportant.Iftheprocessofbuildingyourhabitdoesn'thaveanyreward（奖励），youareunlikelytosticktoyourgoals.Then，scientistsalsoadvisedmakingtheprocessaseasyaspossible.Forexample，ifthegoalistogotothegymthreetimesaweek，apersonshouldpickagymnearhishome.（1）Howdoesthewriterintroducethetopic？CA.Bytellingastory.B.Bygivingsomefacts.C.Byaskingquestions.D.Byusinganoldsaying.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"establish"inParagraph3probablymean？BA.stop.B.form.C.change.D.continue.（3）Howlongdopeopleneedtoformahabitonaverage？DA.21days.B.254days.C.8months.D.About2months.（4）Whocanprobablyformahabitfastaccordingtothepassage？BA.Tomwhomakeshisdecisiontodo100pull﹣upseachtime.B.Kenwhocangetarewardifhekeepspractisingswimming.C.Suzywhohastotakeabustoabody﹣trainingstudiotokeepfit.D.Cathywhodoesn'tbelieveshecanloseweightbydoingexercise.（5）Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthisarticle？CA.NATUREB.CULTUREC.LIFESTYLED.LANGUAGE【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Thenumberofdaysittakestoformanewhabitdependsonthehabit，onyou，andonwhatmethodsyou'reusingtobuildandkeepthathabit.Itmaybefrom21daysto8monthsormore.Whyistherange（范围）sowide？Whatcanyoudotobuildahabitfaster？（养成一个新习惯需要多少天取决于这个习惯，取决于你自己，以及你用什么方法来培养和保持这个习惯。时间可能从21天到8个月或更长。为什么范围这么广？你能做些什么来更快地养成习惯？）可知文章通过提问来引出话题。故选C。（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段Howlongittakestoestablishahabitmaydependonwhatthetipandthepurposeis.（____一个习惯需要多长时间可能取决于提示和目的是什么。）可推知此处意为"养成一个习惯需要多长时间可能取决于提示和目的是什么。"，所以划线词意为"养成；形成"。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Researchersfoundtheaverageamountoftimeneededforabehaviourtobecomeahabitis66days.（研究人员发现，一种行为变成习惯平均需要66天。）可知人们平均需要形成一种习惯需要66天，也就是大概两个月。故选D。（4）细节理解题。根据第六段Secondly，thewayapersonmakesagoalmoreattractivecanalsobeimportant.Iftheprocessofbuildingyourhabitdoesn'thaveanyreward（奖励），youareunlikelytosticktoyourgoals.（其次，一个人使目标更有吸引力的方式也很重要。如果养成习惯的过程没有任何回报，你就不太可能坚持自己的目标。）可知B项"肯如果坚持练习游泳可以得到奖励。"最可能快速形成习惯。故选B。（5）推理判断题。根据第一段Thenumberofdaysittakestoformanewhabitdependsonthehabit，onyou，andonwhatmethodsyou'reusingtobuildandkeepthathabit.Itmaybefrom21daysto8monthsormore.Whyistherange（范围）sowide？Whatcanyoudotobuildahabitfaster？（养成一个新习惯需要多少天取决于这个习惯，取决于你自己，以及你用什么方法来培养和保持这个习惯。时间可能从21天到8个月或更长。为什么范围这么广？你能做些什么来更快地养成习惯？）（当宇航员听起来很酷，不是吗？在太空中，他们可以做一些非常神奇的事情，比如在零重力状态下漂浮。）及全文可知文章介绍了如何能快速的养成一个习惯，所以文章最可能出现在杂志的生活方式部分。故选C。4．（7.5分）InOctober2023，threeMediterraneanfruitflieswerediscoveredinLeimertPark，California.ThiswasseriousnewsforfarmersinCalifornia，abigfarmingstate.Thesolutiontotheproblemseemsalittleunusual：freeingmillionsmoreoftheflies.TheMediterraneanfruitfly，knownasthe"Medfly"，isoneofthemostseriousdangerstofarmersworldwide.Oncethefliesmaketheirwayintoanarea，itcanbeveryhardforfarmerstodrivethemaway.Theflieslaytheireggsinover300kindsoffruitsandvegetables.Whentheeggshatch，theyturnintoworm﹣likelarvae（幼虫）thatcandestroytheseproducts.However，itcanbehardtoknowthatthefliesarethereuntilit'stoolate.Thefruitsandvegetablesstilllooknormalevenaftertheeggsarelaidinside.Sothedamagedfruitsandvegetablescanbesenttootherplaces，allowingtheMedfliestospread.Tostoptheproblemfromspreading.thegovermentbuildalargequarntine（防疫）area，whichmeansthatnofarmproductscanbemovedoutofthatarea.Luckily，CaliforniahasdevelopedaprogramtocontrolMedflies.TheplanincludesusingplanestodropmillionsofMedfliesoverthearea.Infact，theyonlydropmaleflies，andallofthemhavebeentreatedsothattheycan'thelpproducenewfruitflies.Themalesaresterile（不育的）.Thismeansthateventhoughtheycanmatewithfemalefruitflies，theeggsproducedwillnevergroworhatch.Theplanmaysoundlikeabadideaatfirst，butitcansurelymakeMedflynumbersfall.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"referto？DA.ThefarminginCalifornia.B.Thereasonforfreeingtheflies.C.Thesolutiontothefruitflyproblem.D.ThediscoveryofMedfliesinCalifornia.（2）WhatdangercantheMedfliescauseforfarmers？CA.Producingharmfulwaste.B.Bringingdiseasestofarmers.C.Damagingfarmproductsbadly.D.AttractingmoreMedfliestothefields.（3）WhichquestionofthefollowingdoesParagraph4mainlyanswer？DA.HowdoMedflieslayeggs？B.WheredoMedfliesspread？C.WhendoMedflieslayeggs？D.WhyisithardtofindMedflies？（4）HowdoesCaliforniacontroltheMedflies？CA.Byproducingnewfruitflies.B.BymovingoutthefemaleMedflies.C.BydroppingsterilemaleMedflies.D.BybuildinganareatokeepMedflies.（5）What'sthebesttitleforthe