新人教版《Unit 4 Natural Disasters》导学案全套及课时作业（附单元检测试卷）

《Unit4NaturalDisasters》导学案全套SectionⅠListeningandspeaking&ListeningandTalkingStepOne:SpeakingSpeakingAsiswellknowntous,therearesomesignsbeforeanearthquakehappens.Discusswithyourpartnersaboutwhathappensbeforeanearthquake.SignsbeforetheearthquakeThewaterinthewellsroseandfell.Andsomedeepcrackscouldbeseeninthewellwalls.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.Thechickens,thedogsandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.Miceranoutofthefieldslooking_forplacestohide.Fishjumpedoutoftheirbowlsandponds.Peoplecouldseebrightlightsinthesky.StepTwo:ListeningⅠ.Listentothefollowingnewsreportsandchoosethecorrectanswers.(课文P48)Ⅰ.Listentothenewsreportsandtickthedisastersthatyouhear.(√)earthquake(√)tornado()wildfire()drought(√)landslide()tsunami(√)flood()volcaniceruption听力材料：NEWSREPORT1A＝AnchorAA：Goodmorning,it's17April.AstrongearthquakehitEcuadoryesterday.The7.8­magnitudeearthquakedamagedmanybuildings,andearlyreportssaidthatabout230peoplewerekilledandmorethan1,500wereinjured.Volunteersandrescueworkersarehelpingthesurvivors.NEWSREPORT2B＝AnchorBB：Goodevening.Todayis27March.MorenewsaboutthefloodsincentralChina.Thegovernmentishelpingmorethan12,000peopleinHunanandJiangxigetawayfromtherisingwater.Homesandlandhavebeendestroyed,butnoonehasbeenkilled.Rescueworkersandsoldiersareworkingdayandnighttomakesurethatpeoplearesafe.Theyarealsobringingfoodandwatertothosewhosehomeswerelostinthedisaster.NEWSREPORT3C＝AnchorCC：Breakingnews,Saturday12August.AtornadowasjustseeninsouthernMemphis,theUSA.Eyewitnessessaidthatat9：25am,thetornadodestroyedfourhomes.Apoliceofficertellsusthatatleastonepersonhasdied.Moretornadosarepossible,andthepoliceadviseavoidingthearea.NEWSREPORT4D＝AnchorDD：AndisSeoul,alandslidedamagedalibraryandasupermarketinasouthernneighbourhood.ThelandslidewascausedbytheheavyrainthathasfallenisSeouloverthepastweek.Accordingtothepolice,noonewasinjuredinthelandslidebutseveralcarsweredamaged.Thosearethetopnewsfortoday,Wednesday21July.Ⅱ.Listentothefollowingconversations.Circlethekeywordsinthequestionsbelowandwritethekindofinformationtheyreferto.Thenlistenagainandanswerthequestions.1．WhatwasthemagnitudeoftheearthquakeinEcuador?答案：7.8_magnitude_earthquake2．HowmanypeoplewerekilledorinjuredinEcuador?答案：230_people__were_killed_and_more_than_1500_people_were_injured.3．Wherewasthefloods?答案：In_central_China4．Whataretherescueworkersandsoldiersdoingintheflood­hitarea?答案：They_not_only_make_sure_people_are_safe_but_also_bring_food_and_water_to_those_whose_homes_were_lost_in_the_disaster.5．WhendidpeopleseethetornadoinMemphis?答案：Saturday_12_August6．WhichbuildingsweredamagedinSeoul?答案：A_library_and_a_supermarket.7．WhatcausedinlandslideinSeoul?答案：The_landslide_was_caused_by_the_heavy_rain.ListeningTips1．注意细节Thinkaboutwhatyouarelisteningforbeforeyoulisten:numbers,dates,times,addresses,activities,peopleorplaces,reasons,etc.2．巧辨连读听力中有很多连读，如果不知道很容易听不清或者听错，所谓连读，指的是词与词之间交界的两个音会经常连在一起，发音时好像连成了一个较长的单词。听力中常见的连读形式：(1)辅元连读：在一个句子或短语中，前一个单词以辅音结尾，后一个单词以元音开头时，需要将辅音和元音在一起连读。如：ifI,forawalk,onawinter'sday。(2)元元连读：第一种，在一个句子或短语中，前一个单词的发音以/i/或/ai/结尾，后一个单词以元音开头时，中间加一个半元音/j/，如：Iam...第二种，在一个句子或短语中，前一个单词的发音以/u/或/u：/结尾，后一个单词以元音开头时，加一个半元音/w/，如：youare,whoare。即时训练听下面3段对话回答问题，并辨别对话中的连读。1．WhatshouldWendydonow?A．Play.B．Exercise.C．Study.答案：C2．Howmuchchangewillthewomanreceive?A．$4.50.B．$5.00.C．$5.50.答案：C3．Whereisthecameraprobablynow?A．Inthecar.B．Intheirhome.C．Intheshop.答案：B听力材料：Text1W：Look!Wendy'sintheplayground,doingsportswithherclassmates.M：Butit'stimeforhertofinishherschoolworknow.Text2W：Excuseme.Howmuchisthishat?M：It'sfourteendollarsandfiftycents.W：Good.I'lltakeit.Hereisatwenty.Text3W：Thecameraisnotinthecar!Youmusthaveleftitsomewherewhileshopping.M：Takeiteasy.Irememberclearlythatyouputitonthesofainourlivingroom.StepThree:DiscussingⅠ.根据录音在空格处填入合适的内容Gravenews,it's26April.Astrongearthquake1.shooktheeastofat1：25a．m.onApril16,2019,atadepthofabout10km,andanotherearthquakehappenedat9：26p．m.onApril27,2019,atadepthofabout11km.Thetwoearthquakes2.killedatleast40peopleandmorethanonethousandpeople3.got_injured.Withsomanybuildingsfallingdownand4.catching_fire,_agreatnumberofpeoplehavemovedoutoftheirhomes.Soldiersandrescueworkers5._are_sent_to_the_disasterareasimmediately.Wehopethatpeopleinthedisasterareacanleadanormallifeandhavetheirbeautifulhomes6.rebuilt_soon.话题积累：1．atadepthof深度……2．leadanormallife过着正常的生活Ⅱ.Workingroupanddiscussthefollowingquestions：1．Whatshouldyoudowhenanearthquakehappens?(1)In_my_opinion,_we_should_drop_down_on_our_hands_and_knees;_cover_our_head_with_our_hands;_stay_away_from_glass,_windows;_hide_under_a_desk_or_table_and_so_on.(2)In_my_view,_we_should_find_an_open_space_away_from_buildings,_trees_and_power_lines_as_soon_as_possible.2．Whatshouldyoudoifyouaretrappedafteranearthquake?Keep_calm_and_use_a_cell_phone_to_call_for_help._You_can_also_tap_on_a_pipe_or_a_wall_or_whistle_for_help.课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解ATherewasanearthquakethismorning.Iwasworkinginfrontofmycomputerwhenithitthecity.Thequakestartedwithasuddenloudnoise.Ithoughtthatsomethingheavyinaneighbor'shouseprobablyhadfallen.However,thewallsandthefloorbegantoshake.Ifinallyrealizeditwasanearthquake.MysonZac,asixteen­year­oldboy,wassleepingwithhisdoorlocked.Beingsixteen,hecansleepthroughanykindofnoise.“Zac！”Ishouted.“AreyouOK？”Butnobodyreplied.Iwasalittleworried.Icouldn'timaginethatsomeonewasabletogetsuchadeepsleep.Thehousewasdancing.Therewerewavesintheswimmingpool.Iwasafraidthehousewouldcomedown.“Zac！”Iyelled,knockingonhisdoorwithanopenpalm(手掌).“Zac!Wakeup!It'sanearthquake!Weneedtogetout！”Mysonfinallyemergedinhisunderpants.Welookedaroundtheroom.Iknewthatweshouldhideunderatabletostopthingsfromfallingonusandstayawayfromglass.Unfortunately,noneofourfurniturewasdesignedforhidingunder.“Shouldwegointothegarden？”Zacasked.“No,treescouldfallonus！”Isaid.Actually,Zachaddoneearthquakedrills(训练)atschool.Hemusthavebeentoldtohideunderadeskandcoverhishead.Butwehadnothingtocoverourheadsinthehouse.Luckily,beforewetookanyaction,thewindowsstoppedmovingandthepoolcalmeddown.Everythingwentbacktonormalsoon.ButbothmysonandIknewwhatweshoulddo,becauseweknewiftherehadbeenareallybigearthquakethismorning,wecouldn'thaveescapedfromit.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。一场地震让作者和她儿子知道要防患于未然。1．Whentheearthquakestarted,theauthor________.A．didn'thearanythingB．wasrepairinghercomputerC．didn'tconsideritanearthquakeD．wassleepingwithherdoorlocked答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第一段的“Ithoughtthatsomethingheavyinaneighbor'shouseprobablyhadfallen.However,thewallsandthefloorbegantoshake.Ifinallyrealizeditwasanearthquake.”可知，作者一开始没有意识到发生了地震。2．AccordingtoParagraph2,whywastheauthorworried?A．Becausehersonseemedtobeinpain.B．Becauseshecouldn'twakehersonup.C．Becausehersonwaslockedinhisroom.D．Becauseshecouldn'tsolveherson'ssleepproblem.答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第二段的“Butnobodyreplied.Iwasalittleworried.”可知，作者担忧是因为她无法叫醒儿子。3．Whatproblemdidtheauthorandhersonface?A．Theycouldn'tgetoutofthehouse.B．Theycouldn'tstopthingsfromfalling.C．Theycouldn'tfindanythingtohideunder.D．Theycouldn'trememberwhattodoinanearthquake.答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据第三段的“Unfortunately,noneofourfurniturewasdesignedforhidingunder.”可知，她们家里没有任何可躲避的地方。4．Theauthorandhersonmostprobablyrealizedtheyshould________.A．replacetheirfurnitureB．buildastrongerhouseC．receiveearthquakedrillsD．watchtheweatherreportoften答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据全文内容以及最后一段的“ButbothmysonandIknewwhatweshoulddo,becauseweknewiftherehadbeenareallybigearthquakethismorning,wecouldn'thaveescapedfromit.”可推断，作者和她儿子在这次地震中意识到应该未雨绸缪，为地震做好准备，故很有可能换家具。BMakingemployeesfeelhappyandhealthyatworkisgoodformanybusinesses.Butitisn'talwaysaneasything.Aresearchsuggeststhatjust33%oftheU．S.employeesconsiderthemselvesfullyengaged(投身于)atwork,while16%areactivelydisengaged,and51%arejustshowingup.Butthereisanexception.Whenitcomestoemployeeengagement,itseemsthatemployeesinsmallcompaniesaredoingbetter.Accordingtothesameresearch,thelargestU．S.companieshavethelowestlevelsofengagement,whilecompanieswithfewerthan25employeeshavethehighest.Andinonerecentreport,75percentofsmallbusinessworkerssurveyedsaidtheywere“very”or“extremely”satisfiedwiththeirroleasasmallcompanyemployee.Unlikebigcompanies,smallcompaniesareoftenshortofresourcesbuttheemployeescangetmoresurprisesthere.Smallcompaniesofferexcellentcareeropportunitiestotheiremployees.Thebossesoftenknowtheirstaffverywellandunderstandtheirpersonalneeds.Employeesofsmallcompaniesaremorelikelytoreceivefreemeals,paidleave,andtheycanevenbringtheirpetstowork.Butofcourse,there'remanyotherdrawsinsmallbusinesses.Oneofthetopdrawsisflexiblescheduling(弹性工时).Anotherisbeingabletoreallyseethefruitsofone'slabor.Besides,non­cashawardisalsoabigdraw.Thiscouldbesomethingsmallthatreflectsemployees'interestsandlifestyles.Whileaparentalleavemightleadtosomefinancialproblems,smallcompaniesmaydosomethingtoimproveit.“Itmaybeimpossibleforafive­personteamtobereducedtofourforsixmonths，”writesCamillaVelasquez,headofHRmanagementplatformJustworks.“Butitcouldbepossibletoallownewparentstotakeonreducedhoursinawork­from­homeenvironment.”Thiskindofmethodhasbeenrealizedinsomesmallcompanies.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了小型企业的员工比大型企业员工的幸福感更强，并分析了原因。5．WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Employeescandevelopbetterinsmallcompanies.B．Employeescanearnmoremoneyinsmallcompanies.C．Employeesinbigcompaniesarehardtobesatisfied.D．Employeesinsmallcompaniesaremoreengagedatwork.答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段的“Whenitcomestoemployeeengagement,itseemsthatemployeesinsmallcompaniesaredoingbetter.”可知，相对于大公司的员工来说，小公司的员工更能很好地投入到工作中。6．WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．Thebenefitsofworkingforsmallcompanies.B．Thedifferencesbetweensmallandbigcompanies.C．Whatchallengesstaffinsmallcompaniesmayface.D．Whysmallcompaniesareshortofresources.答案与解析：A主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Smallcompaniesofferexcellentcareeropportunities...”可知，这些都是在小公司工作的好处，所以可知答案。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“draws”inParagraph4mean?A．Choices.B．Attractions.C．Difficulties.D．Competitions.答案与解析：B词义猜测题。根据下文的“flexiblescheduling”，“beingabletoreallyseethefruitsofone'slabor”及“non­cashaward”等推测，该词义为“吸引人的东西”。8．Whatcanbemostprobablyinferredfromthepassage?A．Smallcompaniesmayhavemoreemployeeswithmuchhappiness.B．Bigcompaniesshouldlearnfromsomesmallcompanies.C．Employeesshouldhavetheirownhobbiesandlifestyles.D．Employersshouldpaymoreattentiontothestaff'sneeds.答案与解析：A推理判断题。本文主要讲了跟大型企业相比，小型企业的员工可以享受更多更好的待遇，因而他们的幸福感更强。再根据第二段的“Andinonerecentreport,75percentofsmallbusinessworkerssurveyedsaidtheywere‘very’or‘extremely’satisfiedwiththeirroleasasmallcompanyemployee.”所以可推测，小型企业的员工幸福感更强。Ⅱ.完形填空Luckily,Igotfourturkeysthisholiday.I__1__onlyoneofthem.I__2__myneighborwasgoingthroughahardtime,soIdecidedtogiveonetothemasa__3__.Thatstill__4__mewithtwoextra(额外的)turkeys.I__5__tocookoneofthem,makesandwichesand__6__themtoanareaoftownwheremanypeopleseemtobeinneedoffoodandalittle__7__.WhileIwaswaitingforthebustogetthere,IsawtwopeoplethatIthoughtmight__8__sandwiches.Themomenttheycamenear,I__9__themeachasandwich,alongwithasmilecard,andtoldthemtohaveagoodday.Ireceived__10__inreturn.Onthebus,ayoungmothergotonwithherlittlegirl.Iofferedherasandwich,andshe__11__accepted.ThenIstartedgivingthemtoother__12__，alongwithsmilecards,andtheyalso__13__withsmiles.Bythispoint,Iwas__14__happinessandcouldn'thelpsmiling.Ifelt__15__becauseofthat.Whenwegottothebusterminal(终点),Ihadgivenawayfivesandwiches.Theactof__16__，thecaresharedandthe__17__smilesjustmademyheartfilledwithsomuch__18__.IthinkwhatIhavedoneisgoodforeveryone,__19__Iwilldothisagainsoon.Givingnotonlymakesyoufeelwonderfulbutitalso__20__happinesstoothers.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，主题语境是社会服务。作者向陌生人赠送火鸡三明治，陌生人投以微笑，彼此都感到快乐。1．A.neededB．noticedC．orderedD．saved答案与解析：A根据上文的“gotfourturkeysthisholiday”及下文的“Idecidedtogiveonetothem”和“twoextraturkeys”可知，作者只需要一只火鸡。2．A.meantB．showedC．knewD．proved答案与解析：C由“neighbor”及“Idecidedtogiveonetothem”可知，作者知道邻居家有困难。3．A.prizeB．giftC．choiceD．wish答案与解析：B根据上文的holiday及give可知，作者决定把一只火鸡作为礼物送给邻居家。4．A.filledB．upsetC．providedD．left答案与解析：D根据上文作者需要一只，送给邻居一只及下文“twoextraturkeys”可知，作者还有两只火鸡。5．A.learnedB．waitedC．helpedD．decided答案与解析：D根据第二段第一句可知，作者决定把火鸡做成三明治带给其他人。6．A.mailB．lendC．sellD．take答案与解析：D参考上题解析。7．A.timeB．kindnessC．luckD．experience答案与解析：B根据“anareaoftownwheremanypeopleseemtobeinneedoffood”可知，作者决定把做好的三明治带到这个城镇最需要食物和善意的地方。8．A.haveB．makeC．likeD．buy答案与解析：C根据下文作者送给这两个人三明治可知，作者认为这两个人也许喜欢三明治。9．A.cookedB．offeredC．foundD．paid答案与解析：B由下文“alongwithasmilecard,andtoldthemtohaveagoodday”可知，作者主动赠给这两个人火鸡三明治。10．A.moneyB．adviceC．smilesD．presents答案与解析：C从下文“theyalso__13__withsmiles”可知，这两个人用微笑回报作者。11．A.gladlyB．secretlyC．seriouslyD．suddenly答案与解析：A根据下文“theyalso__13__withsmiles”可知，这对母女高兴地接受了。12．A.passengersB．shoppersC．neighborsD．drivers答案与解析：A作者在公交车上，所以把三明治送给其他乘车的人。13．A.refusedB．triedC．acceptedD．explained答案与解析：C由下文“withsmiles”可知，其他乘客也高兴地接受了。14．A.expectingB．requestingC．recordingD．achieving答案与解析：D根据下文“andcouldn'thelpsmiling”可知，作者收获着幸福。15．A.busyB．greatC．safeD．nervous答案与解析：B根据上文“Iwas__14__happinessandcouldn'thelpsmiling”可知，给陌生人赠送三明治让作者觉得棒极了。16．A.thinkingB．loveC．givingD．bravery答案与解析：C由最后一段的Giving可知，这是一种给予行为。17．A.surprisedB．sadC．forcedD．weak答案与解析：A作者给陌生人火鸡三明治，当然会让他们感到惊讶，所以他们的笑容也是惊讶的。18．A.joyB．calmnessC．courageD．worry答案与解析：A由上文“Iwas__14__happinessandcouldn'thelpsmiling”可知，作者内心充满喜悦。19．A.ifB．thoughC．butD．so答案与解析：D作者认为她所做的对每个人都有好处，所以她会不久再做一次。20．A.returnsB．bringsC．teachesD．serves答案与解析：B根据上文可知，给予也能给他人带来快乐。SectionⅡReadingandThinkingⅠ.核心单词根据音标及词义写出正确的单词1．disaster/dɪ'zɑːstə(r)/n.灾难；灾害2．rescue/'reskjuː/n.&vt.营救；救援3．damage/'dæmɪdʒ/vt.损害；破坏n．损坏；损失4．destroy/dɪ'strɔɪ/vt.摧毁；毁灭5．affect/ə'fekt/vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动6．shelter_/'ʃeltɔ(r)/n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)7．ruin/'ruːɪn/n.&vt.破坏；毁坏8．electricity/ɪˌlek'trɪsəti/n.电；电能9．trap/træp/vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱10．bury/'beri/vt.埋葬；安葬11．effort/'efə(r)t/n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力12．wisdom/'wɪzdəm/n.智慧；才智Ⅱ.拓展词汇根据音标及词义写出正确的单词，并牢记拓展词汇1．survive/sə'vaɪv/vi.生存；存活；vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivorn．幸存者；生还者→survivaln.幸存2．death/deθ/n.死；死亡→deadadj.无生命的3._shock/ʃɒk/n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→shockingadj.令人震惊的→shockedadj4．breathe/briːð/vi.&vt.呼吸→breathn.呼吸5．revive/rɪ'vaɪv/vt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revivaln．振兴；复苏6．unify_/'juːnɪfaɪ/vi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体→unitevi.&vt.团结7．suffer/'sʌfə/vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→sufferingn．折磨；苦难Ⅲ.重点短语根据汉语意思补全短语1._as_if似乎；好像；仿佛2．in_ruins严重受损；破败不堪3．in_shock震惊；吃惊4．set_up建立5．as_usual像往常一样6．cometoanend结束7．thenumberof...……的数量8._instead_of而不9．dig_out挖掘10．ahometo……的家园11．gothrough经历Ⅳ.重点句型1．too＋adj.＋to...“太……不……”Chickensandevenpigsweretoo_nervous_to_eat,_anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍去。2．Itseems/seemedasif...看起来似乎……It_seemed_as_iftheworldwerecomingatanend!好像世界末日到了！3．everywhere引导让步状语从句Everywhere_survivors_looked,_therewasnothingbutruins.幸存者无论往哪里看，看到的都是废墟。4．with复合结构With_strong_support_from_government_andthetirelesseffortsofthecity'speople,anewTangshan在政府的大力支持和人民的不懈努力下，一座崭新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。►第一步|速读——了解教材课文(P50)主题和段落大意1．What'sthemainideaofthetext?Thepassageismainlyabouta_terrible_earthquake_of_Tangshan.2．Findoutthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1A．TheearthquakecausedunbelievabledestructiontoTangshan.Para.2B．TheearthquakehappenedandcauseddeathsorinjuriesinTangshan.Para.3C．Rescueandrevivalaftertheearthquakes.Para.4～5D．Warningsignsbeforetheearthquake.答案：Part1—DPart2—BPart3—APart4～5—C►第二步|细读——把握教材课文(P50)关键信息1．Allthefollowingunusualthingshappenedbeforetheearthquakeexceptthat________.A．thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfellB．thechickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeatC．MiceranoutofthefieldslookingforhidingplaceD．Fishswaminthewaterasusual答案：D2．Beforetheearthquakepeoplewereasleepasusualbecause________.A．theydidn'tnoticeanythingstrangehappeningB．theyknewwellaboutearthquakesC．somethingstrangehappenedinmanyplacesD．theydidn'trealizethearrivalofanearthquake答案：D3．Thetitle“ANightTheEarthDidn'tSleep”means________.A．theearthwasawakeallnightlongB．aterribleearthquakehappenedthatnightC．peopleontheearthcouldn'tfallasleepthatnightD．animalsontheearthcouldn'tfallasleepthatnight答案：B4．What'sthemeaningofthelastsentence“Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.”？A．Peopleweren'tsadanymore.B．ThelifeinTangshanbegantoreturntonormal.C．Theearthquakefinallycametoanend.D．Thosewhoweretrappedweresaved.答案：B►第一板块|核心词汇诠释1．rescuen．&vt.营救；救援(教材P48)Whataretherescueworkersandsoldiersdoingintheflood­hitarea?救援人员和士兵在洪水灾区做什么？cometo/gotosb.'srescue＝rescuesb.援救某人rescue...from...把……从……营救出来①Whenweweretrappedintheruins,thesoldierscametoourrescue.当我们被困在废墟中时，士兵们赶来救援。②Thefirefightersrescuedfivechildrenfromtheburninghouseyesterday.昨天，消防人员把5个孩子从失火的房子中解救出来。[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)Atmidnightwefinallyrescued(rescue)thetouristswhoweretrappedinthevalley.(2)Alargenumberofsoldiersweresentthereto_rescue(rescue)thosetrappedinthebuilding.巧学助记：Assoonastheaccidenthappened,therescueteamcametothevictims'rescue,andtheydidn'tgiveupanyhopeofrescuingthemfromdanger.事故一发生，救援队就来营救受害者了，并且他们没有放弃使他们脱离危险的任何希望。2.damagevt.损害；破坏n．损坏；损失(教材P48)WhichbuildingsweredamagedinSeoul?首尔哪些建筑被毁？(1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(causedamageto...,dodamageto...))对……造成损害(2)damageone'shealth损害某人的健康①Thiscouldcauseseriousdamagetoourenvironment.这可能会对我们的环境造成严重的破坏。②Damagecausedbytheearthquakedisasterisveryterrible.地震灾害造成的破坏太严重了。[即学即练]单句写作众所周知，抽烟会损害我们的健康。(一句多译)(1)Asweallknow,smokingcando/cause_damage_to_our_health.(damagen．)(2)Itiswellknownthatsmokingcandamage_our_health.(damagevt.)巧学助记：Marywasveryangrybecausesomeonehaddonedamagetohercar.What'sworse,whenshearrivedhome,shefoundherhouselayinruinsbecauseabigfirecompletelydestroyedthebuilding.玛丽非常生气，因为有人把她的汽车弄坏了。更糟的是，当她到家时，她发现她的房子沦为一片废墟，因为一场大火完全摧毁了建筑物。3.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过(经典佳句)Unluckily,noonesurvivedtheterribleaccident.不幸的是，没有人从这个可怕的事故中幸存。(1)survivesth.幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来AsurviveB(by...)A比B活得长……surviveon依靠……生存下来survivefrom...从……存活下来，流传下来(2)survivorn．幸存者survivaln．[U]幸存；[C]残存物①Ofthesixpeopleinjuredintheterribleaccident,onlytwosurvived.在这次可怕的事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。②Somestrangecustomshavesurvivedfromearliertimes.有些奇怪的风俗是从早年流传下来的。[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)Theoldladyhassurvivedallhersistersandbrothersbytenyears.(2)Idon'tknowhowyouallmanagetosurviveonsuchlittlemoney.巧学助记：Afterhesurvivedtheearthquake,theoldmanbecameoneofthefewsurvivorsofthefamily.那位老人在地震中幸存下来，成为这个家庭中为数不多的幸存者之一。4.affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动(经典例句)AsfarasI'mconcerned,followingothers'advicewithoutthinkingwillaffectourdecision.显而易见，不假思索地接受他人的意见将影响我们的决定。affectsb./sth.影响某人/某事bedeeplyaffectedby被深深打动了①Asamatteroffact,youropinionwillnotaffectmydecision.事实上，你的意见不会影响我的决定。②Thediseaseisbeginningtoaffecthiseyesight.疾病开始侵袭他的视力。[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)Mostpeoplepresentatthemeetingweredeeplyaffected(affect)byhisspeech.(2)Withthegovernment'shelp,thosepeopleaffected(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedforthenewsettlements.(3)Around540millionpeopleare_affected(affect)bysecond­handsmoke,whichcauses100,000deathsperyear.名师指津：“对……有很大影响”affectsb.greatly.haveagreateffectonsb.haveagreatinfluenceonsb.5.ruinn．废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产(教材P50)Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.不到一分钟，一座大城市就成了废墟。(1)be/lieinruins成为废墟；毁灭fallintoruin成为废墟；破败不堪(2)ruinone'shope/chance使某人的希望破灭/机会失去ruinoneself自我毁灭①Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake,whichmadeusawakeallnight.地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。②Alargenumberofbuildingsfellintoruinaftertheearthquake.地震后，许多建筑都毁了。[即学即练]单句语法填空/单句写作(1)Heavysmokingruins(ruin)yourhealth,soyoushouldgiveupsmoking.(2)Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruining(ruin)ourholiday.(3)Eversincetheearthquake,thistemplehasbeeninruins.(4)Inmyopinion,hisstubborncharacterandshortcomingsinhisworkwillruin_his_future.依我看来，他固执的性格和在工作中的缺点会毁掉他的前途的。名师指津：inruins“成为废墟”ruin一定要用复数形式哟！6.shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊(教材P50)Peoplewereinshock—andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshanagain.人们都很震惊——然后，那天下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。(1)beashockto...使……吃惊(2)shockedadj.震惊的；惊讶的beshockedat/by对……吃惊beshockedtodosth.做某事很吃惊(3)shockingadj.令人震惊的①Thenewsshockedthepublic,leadingtogreatconcernaboutstudents'safetyatschool.这个消息使公众震惊，导致了对在校学生安全的担心。②Hissituationwasagreatshocktousall.他的处境使我们大家都大为震惊。③Weareshockedthatsomanypeoplewereinjuredordiedintheearthquake.我们感到震惊的是，如此多的人在地震中伤亡。[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)I'mshocked(shock)athisdeterminedattitudetowardsthismatter.(2)Herfallinginlovewiththepooryoungmanwasashocktous.(3)Iwasshockedto_hear(hear)thatourfactorywouldhavetoclose.巧学助记：Theshockingnewsshockedallthepeoplearound,whichwasalsoagreatshocktopeoplealloverthecountry.这个让人震惊的消息震惊了周围的人们，也震惊了全国各地的人们。7.trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱(教材P50)Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.地震发生后不久，军队派遣了15万名士兵前往唐山，搜救被困人员并埋葬遇难者。(1)betrappedin困在……中；陷在……中trapsb.into(doing)sth.诱使某人做某事(2)fallintoatrap落入圈套/陷阱①Whentravellingtheyweretrappedinthemountain,waitingtoberescued.旅行时，他们被困在山上，等待救援。②Ifyouchoosethisway,you'relikelytofallintoatrap.如果你选择这条路，你很有可能会落入圈套。[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)Therewasapowerfailure,theywere_trapped(trap)inthelift.(2)Trapped(trap)intheruins,thegirlstillheldapositiveattitude.(3)Bycleverquestioningtheytrappedhimintotellingthetruth.名师指津：trap过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为：trapped;trapped;trapping8.buryvt.埋藏；掩埋；隐藏(经典例句)Eversincehemovedthere,hehasbeenburiedinhisresearchwork.自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。(1)bury...in...把……埋到……里buryone'sfaceinhands双手掩面(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beburiedin,buryoneselfin))埋头于；专心于，沉浸于①Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。②Inthepastthreeweeks,wehavebeenburyingourselvesinstudybecausetheexamisdrawingnear.在过去的三个星期里，我们专心致志地学习，因为考试即将到来。[即学即练]单句写作他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。(一句多译)(1)Buried(bury)inhisstudy,hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.(2)Burying(bury)himselfinhisstudy,hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft.(3)Becausehewas_buried_(bury)inhisstudy,hedidn'tknowthatalltheothershadleft图形助记：一词多义的“bury”9.effortn．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力(教材P50)Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity'speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltupontheearthquakeruins.在政府的大力支持和市民的不懈努力下，一个新唐山在废墟上建立了起来。sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力makeanefforttodosth.努力做某事①Idobelievethatallyoureffortswillpayoffsoonerorlater.我的确相信你的努力迟早会有所回报。②AsfarasI'mconcerned,youshouldmakeagreaterefforttostudyhard.依我看来，你应该更加努力学习。[即学即练]词汇升级(低频词汇)IfIamluckyenoughtobegivensuchagoodchance,Iwilltrymybesttofinishthetask.(高频词汇)IfIamluckyenoughtobegivensuchagoodchance,Iwillspare_no_effort_tofinishthetask.(升级加黑词汇)名师指津：学会高频词汇“sparenoefforttodosth.”代替“tryone'sbesttodosth.”哟！10.suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(教材P51)Whatkindofhelpdoyouthinkpeoplewhohavesufferedanearthquakeneed?你认为地震灾民需要什么样的帮助？(1)sufferfrom患……病；因……而受苦sufferfromabadcold患重感冒(2)sufferpains/hardship遭受痛苦/困难sufferingn．苦难，痛苦sufferern．受难者①AsfarasIknow,hehaseversufferedfromaseriousillness.据我所知，他曾患有严重的疾病。②Thecompanysufferedagreatlossasaresultoftheaccident.由于那次事故，该公司才遭受了重大损失。[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)Thepeopleinthiscountryhavesuffered(suffer)alotbecauseofthewar.(2)Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughallkindsofsufferings(suffer)duringthewar.巧学助记：Weallwanttodosomethingtohelpthosesufferersoutoftheirsufferings.我们都想做些事去帮助那些受苦者摆脱痛苦。►第二板块|重点句型解构1．句型公式：too＋adj.＋to...“太……不……”(教材P50)Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.鸡甚至猪都紧张得吃不下东西，狗也不愿意进圈舍里去。too＋adj.forsb.todosth....意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义①Iwastooyoungtounderstandthemeaningofthefilm.我太年幼，不理解这部电影的含义。②Theproblemistoodifficultformetosettle.这个问题太难了，我解决不了。[即学即练]一句多译小男孩太小了不能去上学。(1)Thelittleboyisso_young_that_hecan'tgotoschool.(2)Thelittleboyis_too_young_to_go_toschool.名师指津：牢记too...to...表示否定意义，可以与so...that...句型相互转换。2.句型公式：asif＝asthough“仿佛；好像”，可用来引导表语从句(教材P50)Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingatanend！仿佛到了世界末日！1asif从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的2asif从句用虚拟语气：①从句用一般过去时与现在的事实相反②从句用过去完成时与过去的事实相反③从句用would/could/mightdo形式与将来的事实相反①Lookattheclouds