江西省吉安市2022-2023学年高一年级下册期中考试英语试卷(含答案)

江西省吉安市青原区双校2022-2023学年高一下学期期中考试英语试

卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

HowtoUseaModernPublicLibrary

Hasitbeenawhilesinceyourlastvisittoapubliclibrary?Ifso,youmaybesurprisedto

learnthatlibrarieshavechangedforthebetter.Ifsbeenyearssincetheyweredustylittle

roomswithbooks.Theyhavetransformedthemselvesintoplaceswhereyoucandevelop

yourloveofknowledge,meetinterestingpeople,orfindouthowtostartabusiness.

Checkoutabook.Whilelibrariesstillloanout（出借）books,you'llfinditeasiertoget

acopyofwhateveryou'relookingfor,thankstoacooperativenetworkofarealibraries.Via

suchnetworks,librariessharetheirbookswitheachotherthroughtheuseofdeliveryvehicles.

Oncethebookyou'verequestedisdeliveredtothenearestbranch,theywillinformyoubye-

mail,soyoucanpickitup.

Checkoutotheritems.Thelibraryisnowamultimediazone,loadedwithinformation

inmanyformats（载体形式）.YoucanborrowmoviesonDVDs,musiconCDs,andpopular

magazines.Somelibrariesevenloanouttoysandgames.Ifapopularmagazineyouwant

isn'tofferedandthelibrarykeepsalistofsuchrequests,theymaybringitinwhenenough

interestisshown.

Jointargetedreadinggroups.Librarieswilloftenholdreading-groupsessionsaimedat

variousagegroups.Perhapsyou'dliketolearnalanguageorimproveyourEnglish.The

librarymaysponsoralanguagegroupyoucouldjoin.Ifyouhavedifficultiesreading,ask

aboutspecialreadingopportunities.Yourlibrarymightbeabletoaccommodateyou.Andyou

mightfinditrelaxingtobringyoursmallkidtoahalf-hourStoryTimewhileyousitquietly

inacornerwithagoodbook.

Startabusinessusingthehelpofyourlocallibrary.Ifyouwanttohaveabusinessof

yourown,yourlocallibrarycanbecomealaunchspaceforit.Inlibrarybooksandcomputers,

youcanfindinformationonstartingabusiness.Manylibrarieswillhelpyouwithlocally

suppliedinformationaboutbusinessmanagementsharedthroughchambersofcommerce（商

会）andgovernmentagencies,andtheywillofferprinting,faxinganddatabaseservicesyou

need.

1.Publiclibrariesconnectedbyacooperativenetworkbenefitreadersby.

A.sharingtheirbooksontheInternet

B.givingaccesstoonlinereadingatalibrarybranch

C.sendinganeededbooktoalibrarybranchnearby

D.makingthecheckoutproceduresdiverse

2.AsisdescribedinParagraph4,takingasmallkidtoahalf-hourStoryTimeallows

A.thekidtolearnanewlanguageB.theparenttoenjoyquietreading

C.thekidtoovercomereadingdifficultiesD.theparenttomeettheirprogramsponsor

3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Topointouttheimportanceofpubliclibraries.

B.Toencouragepeopletoworkinpubliclibraries.

C.Tointroducetheimprovedservicesofpubliclibraries.

D.Tocallforthemodernizationofpubliclibrarysystems.

Anewstudysuggestsclassicpaintingsbywell-knownartistsJosephMallordWilliam

TurnerandClaudeMonetmayhavebeeninfluencedbyairpollutionduringtheIndustrial

Revolution.

Thestudy,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesbyauthors

fromHarvardUniversityandSorbonneUniversity,analyzed60oilpaintingsbyTurnerfrom

1796to1850and38paintingsbyMonetfrom1864to1901.

Scientistsdon'tknowexactlyhowpollutedthecitieswereduringthattimeforlackof

data.However,researcherssayexaminingtheworksofTurnerandMonetcangiveapicture

oflong-termenvironmentalchangewiththeairpollution.

Inparticular,researcherssaychangesinlocalsulfurdioxide（二氧化硫）emissionsfrom

burningcoalmayexplainchangesinthecolourcontrastandintensityofTurner's,Monets,

andothers*works,evenaftertakingtheartistictrendsandsubjectmatterofthetimeinto

account.

Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters1representationofnature,focusingon

differencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcolourinworkspaintedindifferent

partsofEurope.PaintingsdoneinBritaingenerallyfeatureapalerblueskythanotherworks

inotherpartsofthecontinent.Generally,artistscanhistoricallyaccuratelyrepresenttheir

environment,soTurnerandMonetwerechosenbecausetheyarefamousfortheirlandscape

andcityscapepaintingsandalsobecausetheywereactiveduringtheIndustrialRevolution,

whenairpollutiongrewatarateneverseenbefore.

Additionally,researcherssaythatastheairinLondonandParisbecamemorepolluted,

thecitieswouldappearhaziertotheeyesaswellasinphotographs.Bycomparingthe

paintingsofTurerandMonettopicturesfromtheera,theywereabletodeterminetheartists

wereatleastpartlyinfluencedbythechangeinemissions.

4.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?

A.Byreferringtorelevanthistoricalrecords.

B.BycomparingthepaintingsofTurnerandMonet.

C.Byrelatingthepaintingstotheairconditionsthen.

D.ByanalyzingthedataduringtheIndustrialRevolution.

5.WhatdidtheresearchersfindintheworksofTurnerandMonet?

A.Airpollutionatthattime.B.Changeinsubjectmatter.

C.Socialtrendsoftheperiod.D.Developmentofphotography.

6.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph5?

A.Europeanartistspreferredlandscapepaintings.

B.Scientistsfocusedonstudyingweatherpatterns.

C.TurnerandMonetintendedtopresentpollution.

D.BritainsufferedfromairpollutionmostinEurope.

7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Toinformpeopleofanewdiscovery.

B.Toinstructpeopletoappreciatepaintings.

C.TointroducetheIndustrialRevolution.

D.Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.

Archaeologists（考古学家）havediscoveredatleast58shipwrecks（沉船）filledwith

ancientobjectsneartheislandsofFoumoiintheAegeanSeabetweenGreeceandTurkey.

Thediscoveryisbelievedtobethelargestcollectionofshipwreckseverfoundinthe

Mediterranean.Theygatheredthereoveralongtimeperiod,fromtimeofancientGreeceto

the20thcentury.ButmostoftheshipsarefromthetimeoftheGreek,RomanandByzantine

civilizations.

PeterCampbellisleadingtheunderwaterresearchofthewrecksfortheRPMNautical

Foundation,agroupthatstudiesancientobjects.Hesaid,"Theexcitementisdifficultto

describe.Imean,itwasjustunbelievable.Weknewthatwehadcomeacrosssomethingthat

wasgoingtochangethehistorybooks."

Theinternationalteambegantheunderwaterstudyin2015.Theyfound22shipwrecks

thatyear.Thatnumberhasclimbedto58withthelatestdiscovery.Theteambelievesthere

areevenmoresecretslyingontheseabedbelow.

Campbellcalledit*'oneofthetoparchaeologicaldiscoveriesofthecentury".Hetold

Reuters,"Wenowhaveanewstorytotellofatradingroadthatconnectedtheancient

Mediterranean."

Thewrecksandtheircontentsshowshipscarryinggoodsfromnearbyareaslikethe

BlackSea,Greece,Turkey,ArmeniaandItaly.Othergoodscomefromplacesfartheraway

suchasSpain,Sicily,Cyprus,Egypt,theMiddleEastandNorthAfrica.

Theteamhasraisedmorethan300ancientobjectsfromtheshipwrecks,includingmany

talljars（广口瓶）withtwoearsusedbyancientGreekandRomanpeopletocarryliquid.

Campbellsaid,"Thosejarsareusedmainlyfortransportingliquidsandsemi-liquidsin

thepast,sothegoodsitwouldbetransportingweremostlywine,oil,fishsauces,perhaps

honey."HeaddedthatfishsaucefromtheBlackSeaareawasrareandpreciousinancient

times.

8.HowdidPeterCampbellfeelaboutthediscoveryoftheshipwrecks?

A.Excited.B.Shocked.C.Confused.D.Terrified.

9.HowmanyshipwreckswerefoundneartheislandsofFoumoiafter2015?

A.22.B.36.C.58.D.300.

10.Whichofthefollowingmightbeveryexpensiveintheancienttimes?

A.Oil.B.Wine.C.Honey.D.Fishsauce.

11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.SeabedSecretsAttractedtheArchaeologists

B.NewAncientCivilizationsWereDiscovered

C.AncientShipwrecksTellStoriesofTradeRoads

D.MoreShipwrecksExistintheMediterranean

TheRomanColosseumwasbuiltalmosttwothousandyearsago.Despiteitsageanda

14thcenturyearthquakethatknockeddownthesouthside,mostofthe150-somefoot

buildingisstillstanding.Scientistsandengineershavelongsuspectedakeytothebuilding9s

durability（使用年限）istheuseofaspecificRomanconcrete.Butexactlyhowthissolid

concretehascontributedtothearchitecture'sstrengthhasbeenamysterytoresearchers

acrosstheglobe.

AteamofresearchersrecentlydiscoveredapotentialanswertowhytheseancientRoman

buildingshavebeenabletoweatherthetestoftimewhilemanymodernconcretestructures

seemtofallapartafterafewdecades.Theanswerisself-healingconcrete.

Thematerialhasthreecomponents:limestone（石灰石），volcanicmaterialandwater.

Whattheresearchersfoundwasthattheself-healingfeaturemightbesimplycausedby

chemistryaccidentally.Thelimestoneintheconcreteislikelythesecret.

WhentheancientRomansmademortar（灰浆），theyheatedupthelimetoturnitintoa

substancecalled“quicklime”.And,becausetheyintroducedwatertothequicklimeduring

mixing,theheatitproducedsetupachemicalfoundationthatcouldstrengthentheconcrete

later.Whentinycracksstarttoformlater,thequicklimestopsthemfrombecomingbigger.

Whenitrains,thelimereactswiththewatertorecombineasvariousformsofcalcium

carbonate（碳酸钙），quicklyfillingthecrackorreactingwiththevolcanicashto"heal"the

material.

FormaterialsscientistAinissaRamirez,thisnewunderstandingofancientRoman

concreteisawelcomediscovery."Thisisonewaythatthematerialcanbemore

environmentallyfriendly/9saysRamirez."It'ssortoflikeamessageinabottle.TheRomans

madethematerial.Wehadtokindoffigureouthowtheydiditsothatwecanmakebetter

materials一andthen,youknow,inturn,bebetterprotectorsofourenvironment.99

12.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?

A.ThesecretofRomanconcretehasbeenrevealed.

B.TheRomanColosseumwasbuiltinthe14thcentury.

C.ThewholeRomanColosseumsurvivedtheearthquake.

D.Romanconcreteisessentialtothearchitecture'sstrength.

13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“weather“inParagraph2mean?

A.Take.B.Stand.C.Avoid.D.Fail.

14.Whatdoweknowabouttheself-healingprocess?

A.Thelimeitselfcouldfillthecracklater.

B.Thequicklimeshouldbemadeonrainydays.

C.Thechemicalfoundationcouldweakentheconcrete.

D.Combiningwaterandquicklimewouldproduceheat.

15.WhatcanbeinferredfromRamirez'swords?

A.Peoplecanbeinspiredtomakegreenermaterials.

B.ThesecretofRomanconcreteishiddeninabottle.

C.Romanconcretehasgreatlyimprovedtheenvironment.

D.Romanconcreteispopularinmakingmodernarchitecture.

二、七选五

16.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选

项中有两项为多余选项。

Inafewmonthsyou511gotocollege.Areyoureadyfbrsomeofthenewnessthatisabouttocomeyour

way?Takealookatthis“mentalpreparation“checklistandmakesureyouhavegiventhesetopicssome

thought.

1.Remindyourselfthatit'snewforeveryone.

Goingtocollegeisabigchange,andifsimportantnottogetoverwhelmed（压垮）.①That9s

OK.Acceptthatyou'reinanewstageoflifeanditwon'tfeelfamiliarforabit.

2.Committotimemanagement.

Organizingyourtimeproperlywillmakeyourlifeincollegemucheasier②Createa

detaileddailyschedulethatblocksouttimeforclasses,homework,studying,andanythingelse.Stay

organizedandspendafewminuteseacheveningplanningaheadforthenextday.

3.③_________

Collegewillopenyoureyesinmorewaysthanone.Ifsatimetofindyourself,discovernewpassions,

challengeoldwaysofthinking,andmeetnewpeoplefromallbackgroundsandplaces.So,trysomething

different.Embrace（欣然接受）theideaofexploration!

4.Don'tbeafraidtoaskforhelp.

Withanythingnew,ifsbesttogoinwithapositiveattitude.Butlifehasitsupsanddowns.®

Takeamomenttofindoutthecollegeservicesthatcanhelpyou:disabilityservices,tutoring

services,andanyotherservicesthatwillgiveyousupportwhenyouneedit.

Congratulationsonthisexcitingtimeofyourlife.®You'llbegladyouhavedone.

A.Beopentonewthings.

B.Knowingwheretoturnforhelpisimportant.

C.Thingsmightfeelabituncomfortableforawhile.

D.Plantopaythemavisitearlyinyourfirstsemester.

E.Getyourselfatimeplanningapporagoodolddayplanner.

F.Rememberthatyou'reincollegetobuildafoundationforyourfuturejob.

G.Asyougetpreparedforthefirstdayofclasses,getmentallyreadyforthisnewlifestagetoo.

三、完形填空（15空）

CaineMonroyisnotafraidofhardwork.The9-year-oldboyhasa（n）1Hewanted

tobuildhisownarcade（街机）businessoutoftheusedcardboardboxesinhisfather'ssmall

2.Ittookhimayeartobringhisdreamtolife,averagingaboutonegamepermonth.

Ashyboywithasweetsmileandastrong3Cainehadlittletroublecreatinghis

games.The4layingettingcustomers.Hisfather'sbusinesshad5inthe

worseningeconomicsituationthesedays,andreceivedlittlefoottraffic.

Itwasabitof6thatbroughtfilmmakerNirvanMullicktothestore,insearchof

usedpartsforhiscar.Hewas7tofindacardboardarcadeatthefrontoftheshop,

alongwithayoungentrepreneur（企业家）.Cainetoldhimhowthearcadeworked.Quickly

recognizingthepassion（情感）ofthe8youngfellow,MullickfoundCaine'sworkso

9thathemadeashort10Caine'sArcade.

Mullickpostedhisshortworkonline,anditwentviralinabigway11.Thefilm

receivedover3.5millionviewsonVimeoandYouTubeinjustfourdays.Manypeople12

forachancetovisitthearcade.Meanwhile,forkidsaroundtheworld,Cainehasbecomea（n）

13Inclassroomsaroundtheworld,teachershavebeenshowingCaine'sArcade,14

DIYcreationsfromstudents.

InhonorofCaine'sachievements,Mullick'sImaginationFoundationisnow15the

firsteverGlobalCardboardChallenge,invitingtheworldtatobuildanythingamazingoutof

cardboardandrecycledmaterials^^.

17.A.concernB.dreamC.collectionD.appointment

18.A.carB.officeC.houseD.store

19.A.imaginationB.beliefC.confidenceD.emotion

20.A.secretB.truthC.challengeD.difference

21.A.struggledB.expandedC.failedD.survived

22.A.curiosityB.faithC.thoughtD.luck

23.A.honoredB.satisfiedC.surprisedD.refreshed

24.A.creativeB.considerateC.determinedD.confusing

25.A.famousB.familiarC.modernD.impressive

26.A.speechB.filmC.broadcastD.summary

27.A.instantlyB.recentlyC.eventuallyD.automatically

28.A.longedB.preparedC.debatedD.applied

29.A.leaderB.bridgeC.coachD.inspiration

30.A.encouragingB.presentingC.advertisingD.discussing

31.A.facingB.holdingC.enteringD.enjoying

四、语法填空

32.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Therearecurrentlyover3,000endangeredlanguagesintheworldontheedgeof

extinction.Andlanguagesanddialectsaredyingat①alarmingrate.Accordingto

NationalGeographic,onelanguagedisappearsfromtheearthevery14days,andfewleave

anyrecognizablemarks.Theleastspokenlanguagesintheworldtendtobespokenonlybya

feweldersofsmall②(community).Learningadyinglanguagerarelyappealsto

people®trytosecuretheirplaceinaglobaleconomy,soyoungergenerationsaren't

typicallylearningtheselanguages④theirparentsorgrandparents.Mostofthese

endangeredlanguagesalsolackawritingsystem,⑤(make)theirpreservationan

evenbiggerchallenge.

Inthislandscapeofamazingloss,institutionsandprojectsaretryingtosave⑥is

left.TheEndangeredLanguagesDocumentationProgramme⑦(found)in2002with

theaimofpreservinglanguagesthreatenedbyextinction.Itnotonlyfundsindividualprojects

⑧(develop)byscholars,butalsoprovidestraininginLondonandaroundtheworld

⑨(help)preparethemethodsrequiredforresearchwork.Thepurposeof

documentinglanguagesmustnot⑩(simple)betopin(钉)themtothewalllike

butterflies.

五、书面表达

33.为加强学生心理健康建设，你校正在组织以“Howtodealwithyouranxiety”为主题

的英语作文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：

L产生焦虑的原因；

2.你的建议。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2,可以增加适当细节，以使行文连贯。

六、读后续写

34.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。

Itwasoneo'clockinthemorning.IntheRivesvilletownartgallery,awindowopenedand

amancamein.HisnamewasHarryBlack,andhewasathief.Itwasdarkintheartgallery,

butHarryhadalight.Helookedacrosstheroomatapainting.

“Thereitis!”hesaid.

Harrymovedquicklyacrosstheroom.Hestoodandlookedatthepainting.

“Amilliondollarsforthis?”hethought.66Idon'tunderstandit”

Buthetookaknifefromhiscoat.Thenhetookthepaintingvery,veryslowlyfromits

frame.Harrywentbackacrosstheroomtothewindow,buthewalkedintoatable.Therewas

abeautifulblueglassvaseonthetable.Itfellonthefloorandbrokeintopieces.Heran

acrossthepieceofglasstothewindow.

HarryrentedaroominMrs.Allen'shouse.Hewentquietlyuptohisroomandclosedthe

door.Inhisroom,Harrytookthepaintingfromhisbag.Hewrappeditwithanewspaperand

putthenewspaperunderhisbed.

Inthemorning,JaneyAllenwasputtingoldbottlesintoabox.OntheTV,areporterwas

attheRivesvilleartgallery.Hewastalkingaboutthelostpaintingandthebrokenglassvase.

Janeyglancedatthephotoofthebluevase.

AtthattimeHarrywasn'tinhisroom.Hewastalkingonhistelephone.Janeywaslooking

foroldnewspapers.EveryFridaymorning,shetookthemfromeveryroominthehouse.

Thenlater,thenewspaperrecyclingtruckarrived.

JaneyopenedHany'sdoorandlookedintohisroom.Shealwaystookhisoldnewspapers

orbottlesforrecycling.ShefoundanewspaperunderHarry'sbed.Sheputtheold

newspapersintoablackrecyclingbox.Thensheranfromthehouseandsawthetruck.

“Wait!”shesaid.Andshequicklygavetheboxtooneofthemen.

Harrycamebacktothehouse.Hesawtherecyclingtruck,andhesawJaney.

“Thenewspaper!Oh,no!”Harrysaid.

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好；

Para.1:

Hechasedafterthetruck.

Para.2:

ThenJaneycalledthepoliceonthetelephone.

参考答案

1.答案：c

解析：细节理解题。由文章第二段“Whilelibrariesstillloanout（出借）books,you5Ufind

iteasiertogetacopyofwhateveryou5relookingfor,thankstoacooperativenetworkofarea

libraries.Viasuchnetworks,librariessharetheirbookswitheachotherthroughtheuseof

deliveryvehicles.Oncethebookyou'verequestedisdeliveredtothenearestbranch,they

willinformyoubye-mail,soyoucanpickitup.”（当图书馆还在出借图书时，你会发

现，借助于区域图书馆的合作网络，你可以更容易地得到你想要的任何东西。通过这

样的网络，图书馆通过运输工具彼此分享他们的书籍。一旦你要的书送到最近的分

馆，他们会通过电子邮件通知你，你就可以去取了。）可知，通过合作网络连接的公

共图书馆可以将读者想要的书籍送到附近的分馆，方便读者，读者因此受益。故选C

项。

2.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Andyoumightfinditrelaxingtobringyoursmall

kidtoahalf-hourStoryTimewhileyousitquietlyinacomerwithagoodbook.^^（当你安静

地坐在一个角落里看一本好书的时候，你可能会发现带着你的小孩去听半个小时的故

事是一件很轻松的事情。）可知，带小孩去听半个小时的故事，家长可以自己坐在一

个角落安静地看书，享受自己安静看书的美好时光。故选B项。

3.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据文章总领段第一段“Hasitbeenawhilesinceyourlastvisittoa

publiclibrary?Ifso,youmaybesurprisedtolearnthatlibrarieshavechangedforthebetter.^^

（你上次去公共图书馆是什么时候？如果是这样，你可能会惊讶地发现，图书馆已经

变得更好了o）以及“Theyhavetransformedthemselvesintoplaceswhereyoucandevelop

yourloveofknowledge,meetinterestingpeople,orfindouthowtostartabusiness.^^（它们

已经把自己变成了一个可以在那里培养自己对知识的热爱，结识有趣的人，或者找到

如何创业方法的地方。），再结合下文所罗列的现代公共图书馆的提升与改善可知，

文章的意图主要是介绍已改善的公共图书馆服务。故选C项。

4.答案：C

解析：理解具体信息根据第三段中的"However,researcherssayexaminingtheworksof

TurnerandMonetcangiveapictureoflong-termenvironmentalchangewiththeair

pollution”可知，研究人员表示，通过研究特纳和莫奈的作品，可以了解空气污染带来

的长期环境变化。由此可知，研究者是通过将绘画与当时的空气条件联系起来做这个

研究的。故选C项。

5.答案：A

解析：推断根据第五段中的"Generally,artistscan...soTurnerandMonetwere...neverseen

before"可知,艺术家可以准确地描绘他们所处的环境，所以特纳和莫奈被选中，因为他

们以乡村风景画和城市风光画而闻名，他们活跃在工业革命时期，而当时空气污染以

前所未有的速度加剧。由此再结合第一段内容可推知，研究人员在特纳和莫奈的作品

中发现了当时的空气污染状况。故选A项。

6.答案：D

解析：推断根据第五段前两句的内容可知，科学家们已经成功测量了画家对自然的描

绘，重点关注了影响欧洲不同地区的画作中的色彩的当地天气模式的差异。在英国创

作的画作中，天空的蓝色通常比欧洲其他地区的画作要淡一些。由此可推知，英国在

欧洲遭受空气污染最严重。故选D项。

7.答案：A

解析：理解目的浏览全文可知，本文主要讲述了研究人员表示，通过研究特纳和莫奈

的作品可以了解空气污染带来的长期环境变化。故作者写作本文旨在告诉我们一个研

究的新发现。故选A项。

8.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的Hesaid,"Theexcitementisdifficulttodescribe.Imean,

itwasjustunbelievable.Weknewthatwehadcomeacrosssomethingthatwasgoingto

changethehistorybooks."（他说："那种兴奋简直难以形容。我是说，这简直难以置

信。我们知道我们已经遇到了会改变历史的东西。”）可推测，PeterCampbell对沉船的

发现感到非常兴奋。A.Excited.（兴奋的）符合以上推测，故选A项。

9.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的Theinternationalteambegantheunderwaterstudyin

2015.Theyfound22shipwrecksthatyear.Thatnumberhasclimbedto58withthelatest

discovery.可知，这个国际研究队于2015年开始水下研究，并在同年发现了22条沉

船。现在沉船的总数为58条。即，在2015年之后，该研究队发现了36（58-22）条沉

船。故选B项。

10.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的HeaddedthatfishsaucefromtheBlackSeaarea

wasrareandpreciousinancienttimes.可知，PeterCampbell补充说，来自黑海的鱼酱在

古代是稀少并珍贵的。由此推测，鱼酱的价格最贵。D.Fishsauce.（鱼酱）符合以上推

测，故选D项。

11.答案：C

解析：主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的Archaeologists（考古学

家）havediscoveredatleast58shipwrecks（沉船）filledwithancientobjectsneartheislandsof

FoumoiintheAegeanSeabetweenGreeceandTurkey.（考古学家已经在位于希腊和土耳

其之间的爱琴海的富姆基岛附近发现了至少58艘沉船，这些沉船都装着古代物品。）

和第四段的HetoldReuters,"Wenowhaveanewstorytotellofatradingroadthat

connectedtheancientMediterranean."（他告诉路透社：“关于连接古代地中海的贸易之

路，我们有一个新的故事要讲述。”）可知，本文主要讲述了考古学家在爱琴海附近发

现了至少58艘满载古代物品的沉船，这些古代物品让人们对古代地中海的贸易之路有

了新的发现。C.AncientShipwrecksTellStoriesofTradeRoads（古代沉船讲述贸易之路

的故事）可以作为标题，概括本文，故选C项。

12.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butexactlyhowthissolidconcretehascontributedto

thearchitecture'sstrengthhasbeenamysterytoresearchersacrosstheglobe.（但对于全球的

研究人员来说，这种固体混凝土究竟是如何提高建筑强度的，一直是个谜）”可知，古

罗马混凝土对建筑的强度至关重要。故选D项。

13.答案：B

解析：词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Ateamofresearchersrecentlydiscoveredapotential

answertowhytheseancientRomanbuildingshavebeenabletoweatherthetestoftime

whilemanymodernconcretestructuresseemtofallapartafterafewdecades.（一个团队的研

究人员最近发现了一个可能的答案，为什么这些古罗马建筑能够weather时间的考

验，而许多现代混凝土结构似乎在几十年后就会分崩离析）”可知，古罗马建筑和很快

就会分崩离析的许多现代混凝土结构不同。由此推知，古罗马建筑可以很久不崩塌，

经得住时间的考验。因此，划线词weather意为“经受住”，与stand意思一致。故选B

项。

14.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“And,becausetheyintroducedwatertothequicklime

duringmixing,theheatitproducedsetupachemicalfoundationthatcouldstrengthenthe

concretelater.（而且，由于他们在搅拌过程中向生石灰中引入了水，它产生的热量建立

了一种化学基础，可以在以后加强混凝土）”可知，混合水和生石灰会产生热量。故选

D项。

15.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ramirez的话“TheRomansmadethematerial.We

hadtokindoffigureouthowtheydiditsothatwecanmakebettermaterials一andthen,

youknow,inturn,bebetterprotectorsofourenvironment^罗马人制造了这种材料。我们

必须弄清楚他们是如何做到的，这样我们才能制造出更好的材料，然后，你知道，反

过来，更好地保护我们的环境）”可推知，我们可以从罗马人制作的这种混凝土材料中

汲取灵感，去制作对环境友好的材料。故选A项。

16.答案:C;E;A;B;G

解析：

即将要上大学了，你准备好迎接将要到来的人生新阶段了吗?本文给出了一张“心理准备”清单，为了让

读者在上大学之前做一些心理准备。

1.C【解析】空前先总述全段主题:大学生活（和之前的生活）非常不同。根据下文“没关系.承认你正

处在人生的全新阶段”可知，空处是在说不好的方面。故C项符合语境。

2.E【解析】由本段的小标题“Committotimemanagement.”可知,本段主要是在讲时间管理。由空前

“合理安排你的时间会使你的大学生活更轻松”可知，空处应是讲如何管理时间。故E项（给自己找一

款时间规划应用程序或一本日程规划簿）符合此处的语境。

3.A【解析】分析文章结构且由空处的位置可知，本空是本段的小标题。由本段第二句"It，satimeto

findyourself,discovernewpassions,challengeoldwaysofthinking,andmeetnewpeoplefromall

backgroundsandplaces.（现在是时候去发现自我、发现新激情、挑战旧思维方式、结识来自不同背

景和地方的新朋友了）”可知，本段的主旨是“接受新事物”。故选Ao

4.B【解析】由本段的小标题“Don'tbeafraidtoaskforhelp.”可知，本段的主旨是敢于寻求帮助，故本

段应是围绕求助这个话题展开，通读选项，只有B项“Knowingwheretoturnforhelpisimportant.（知道

去哪里求助很重要）”符合主题。故选B。

5.G［解析］由下文“Youllbegladyouhavedone.”可知，承接下文的应该是G项（当你为第一天上课

做好了准备，你也要为这个新的人生阶段做好心理准备）。故选Go

17.答案：B

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个9岁的男孩有一个梦想。A.concern担忧；B.

dream梦想；C.collection收集；D.appointment约会。根据"Ittookhimayeartobring

hisdreamtolife”他想要开创自己的街机游戏可知，他有一个梦想。故选B。

18.答案：D

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他想建立自己的拱廊街机的业务使用纸板箱在他父

亲的小商店。A.car汽车；B.office办公室；C.house房子；D.store商店。根据下文中

的"thatbroughtfilmmakerNirvanMullicktothestore”可知，是父亲的小店。故选D。

19.答案：A

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯恩是一个害羞的男孩，带着甜美的微笑和强大的

想象力，创造他的游戏没有什么困难。A.imagination想象；B.belief信念；C.

confidence自信；D.emotion情感。通过"Cainehadlittletroublecreatinghisgames.”提至U

他自己没有困难地创造东西可知，他是一个有想象力的孩子。故选A。

20.答案：C

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：挑战在于如何获得客户。Asecret秘密；B.truth真

相；C.challenge挑战；D.difference不同。根据语境可知，他很有想象力，因此想要

研发出这个游戏机并不难，挑战在于获得足够的客源。因他的游戏机放在他父亲的小

店里，而这个小店人流很少。故选C。

21.答案：A

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他父亲的生意在日益恶化的经济形势下苦苦挣扎，

几乎没有人流量。A.struggled挣扎；B.expanded扩展;C.failed失败;D.survived幸

存。根据下文的“intheworseningeconomicsituationthesedays,andreceivedlittlefoot

traffic”可知，小店由于经济形势恶化，人烟稀少，所以他父亲的生意很艰难。故选

Ao

22.答案：D

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，电影制作人涅凡・穆立克来到这家商店，

为他的汽车寻找旧零件。A.curiosity好奇；B.faith信念；C.thought认为；D.luck幸

运。电影制片人NirvanMullick打算买些零部件，他进到这个商店完全是碰巧。故选

Do

23.答案