（江苏省专用）2024届中考英语第二轮热点题型归纳与变式真题演练-阅读理解（12篇）附答案

（江苏省专用）2024届中考英语第二轮热点题型归纳与变式真题演练——阅读理解（12篇）一、阅读理解（23-24九年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）Whatisthemoststressfulpartofschool?Itisprobablytheexams.Examscanputusunderalotofpressure.Butsomestudentsdobetterunderpressure,whileothersdonot.So,whydosomestudentsperformbetterunderstress?Itallcomesdowntodopamine(多巴胺).Dopamineisachemicalinourbodythatsendssignalstothebrain.Ithasmanyimportantroles—itaffectsourmemory,attentionnandhowwelearn.Ourbrainsworkbestwhenthereisabalanceofdopamine—nottoomuchortoolittle.Ourbrainscontroldopamineintwoways.Iteithertakesoutdopaminequicklyorgradually(逐渐地).Examsuccesscanbelinkedtohowfastdopaminegoesbacktoanevenbalance,accordingtonewresearchfromtheUniversityofMissouri.Whathappenswhenwetakeanexam?Ifyoubecomestressed,yourbrainwillstarttooverloadondopamine.Itislikeacupoverflowingwithwater.Thequickeryouareabletogobacktoanevenbalanceofdopamine,thequickeryoucanconcentrate,helpingyouperformbetteronatest.Scientistsfoundthatduringatest,peoplewhoslowlygotbacktoanevenbalanceofdopaminescoredeightpercentlower.That’sthedifferencebetweenagoodgradeandabadgrade.Butdon’tfear—thereisgoodnewsforeverystudent.Thestudyalsofoundthatthemorepracticeyouget,thelessstressedyou’llbe.So,itturnsoutthatpracticereallydoesmakeperfect.1．Dopamineisachemicalinourbodythat________.A．weneedinordertothinkB．keepsourbrainsworkingC．sendssignalstothebrainD．putsusunderalotofpressure2．Whichareasdoesdopamineplayarolein?①rememberingthings

②gettingenoughrest③payingattentiontoteachers

④affectingthewaywelearnA．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overload”mean?A．raisethepressureofsomethingB．stopsomethingfromhappeningC．causingproblemsforsomeoneD．havetoomany/muchofsomething4．Whydosomestudentsdobetterunderstress?A．Becausetheyproducelessdopaminethanothers.B．Becausetheycanbalancetheirdopaminemoreslowly.C．Becausetheycansendalotofdopaminetotheirbrains.D．Becausetheycanachieveabetterbalanceofdopaminequickly.【正确答案】1．C2．B3．D4．D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了高压状态下，有些学生能学得更好，而有些学生却不能，这是由于大脑中多巴胺的平衡能力起着重要的作用。1．细节理解题。根据“Dopamineisachemicalinourbodythatsendssignalstothebrain.”可知，多巴胺是人体内的一种化学物质，在大脑中发出信号，故选C。2．细节理解题。根据“Ithasmanyimportantroles—itaffectsourmemory,attentionnandhowwelearn.”可知，它有许多重要的作用：影响记忆、注意力和我们如何学习，故选B。3．词句猜测题。根据“Itislikeacupoverflowingwithwater.”可知，装满水的杯子这个比喻指前面提到的内容，故上文是如果你感到压力，你的大脑就会开始对多巴胺产生超负荷的反应。因此，overload的意思是“超载”，故选D。4．细节理解题。根据“Thequickeryouareabletogobacktoanevenbalanceofdopamine,thequickeryoucanconcentrate,helpingyouperformbetteronatest.”可知，越快回到平衡的多巴胺，集中注意力越快，这可以帮你考试表现得更好，故选D。二、阅读理解（23-24九年级下·江苏无锡·开学考试）Mostofthenewdiseaseswehumanshavefacedinthepastseveraldecadeshavecomefromanimals.Themorewecomeintocontactwithwildanimals,themoreweriskaso-calleddisease“spillover”fromanimalstohumans.“Aspeoplemoveandwildlifemoveinresponsetoachangingenvironment,humansandwildlifeandanimalswillcomeincontactmoreregularly,”saidJeanneFairfromtheLosAlamosNationalLaboratoryinNewMexico.Fairarguesthatbyshiftinganimalhabitats,climatechangewillalsomaketheopportunitiesfordiseasespillovermorefrequent(频繁的).“Everythingissortofshiftingandwillshiftintothefutureastheenvironmentchangesthroughclimatechange,”Fairsaid.Scientists,includingclimatologistsandepidemiologistsonFair’steamatLasAlamoe,arebeginningtomodelhowchangestotheclimatewillimpactthespreadofinfectiousdiseases.It’searlydaysforthiskindofresearch,butpreviousstudiessuggestthatextremeweatherhasalreadyplayedaroleinatleastoneoutbreak.Scientistssaydroughtanddeforestationhavecombinedtoforcebatsoutofrainforestsandintoorchards(果园)inMalaysiatofindfood.Thosebats,acommondiseasereservoir,thenpassedtheNipahvirusthroughpigstohumansforthefirsttimeinthelate1990s.“We’regoingbythepastdatatoreallypredictwhat’sgoingtohappeninthefuture,”Fairsaid.“Andso,anytimeyouincreasethatwildlife-humaninterface,that’ssortofanemergingdiseasehotspot.Andso,that’sjustincreasingaswegoforward.”JeffreyShaman,headoftheclimateandhealthprogramatColumbiaUniversity’spublichealthschool,argueswedon’tyetknowwhetherclimatechangewillcauseanetincreaseininfectiousdiseaseratesglobally.Forexample,mosquitoescarrydiseasethataffects(影响)millionsofpeopleacrosstheworldeveryyear.Astheirhabitatsexpandinsomepartsoftheworld,theymightcontractdiseaseselsewhere.Shamansayswhatweknowforcertainaboutclimatechangeisthatitwillmakeithardertopredictwherediseaseoutbreakswillpopup.5．HowdoesclimatechangeaffectthespreadofdiseaseaccordingtoFair?A．Bybreakinganimals’habits. B．Byincreasinganimals’numbers.C．Byimprovinganimals’breeding(繁殖). D．Bychanginganimals’livingenvironment.6．Whatistheexampleofbatsforinparagraph3?A．ExplainingtheinfluenceofNipahvirus.B．Provingtheharmofbatstohumanbeings.C．Showingtheeffectsofclimatechangeondisease.D．Presentingscientists’earlystudyaboutthecauseofdisease.7．Whatcanweinfer(推断)fromFair’swordsinparagraph4?A．Humansshouldgiveupstudyinganimals.B．Frequentcontactwithanimalscancausediseaseoutbreaks.C．Diseasehotspotswilldisappearifanimalsdieout.D．Pastdatacansolvetheproblemsinthefuture.8．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ClimateChangeandDiseaseSpillover B．Animals’InteractionwithHumansC．Scientists’PredictionforDiseaseOutbreaks D．EarlyStudiesaboutExtremeWeather【正确答案】5．D6．C7．B8．A【导语】本文主要介绍了气候变化对疾病传播的影响。5．细节理解题。根据“Fairarguesthatbyshiftinganimalhabitats,climatechangewillalsomaketheopportunitiesfordiseasespillovermorefrequent(频繁的).”可知，费尔认为，通过改变动物栖息地，也即是改变动物的生存环境，气候变化也将使疾病蔓延的机会更加频繁。故选D。6．推理判断题。根据“Scientists...arebeginningtomodelhowchangestotheclimatewillimpactthespreadofinfectiousdiseases.It’searlydaysforthiskindofresearch,butpreviousstudiessuggestthatextremeweatherhasalreadyplayedaroleinatleastoneoutbreak.”可知，科学家们正在开始模拟气候变化将如何影响传染病的传播。这类研究还处于早期阶段，但之前的研究表明，极端天气已经在至少一次疫情爆发中发挥了作用。所以文中列举蝙蝠的例子是为了说明气候变化对疾病的影响。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据“Andso,anytimeyouincreasethatwildlife-humaninterface,that’ssortofanemergingdiseasehotspot.Andso,that’sjustincreasingaswegoforward.”可知，任何时候，当野生动物和人类的接触增多时，某种程度上就是一个新出现的疾病高发区。由此可推知，与野生动物频繁的接触会引起疾病爆发。故选B。8．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了气候变化对疾病传播的影响，因此A选项“气候变化与疾病蔓延”可作为最佳标题。故选A。三、阅读理解（23-24九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）Bigdata(大数据)isalotofsets(组)ofinformationthatareputtogether,sotheycanbeusedbyacomputerprogram.Theprogramlooksfordifferentkindsofanswersinthedata.Bigdatacanhavedifferentkindsofinformationfrommanysources(来源),suchasinformationthatcomesfromschools,socialmediasites,companiesandgovernments.Onesetofdatacanhavepeople’snamesandaddresses.Anothersetcanhavewhattheylike,wheretheygotoschool,andhowmuchtimetheyspendonthecomputer.Bigdatacanbeusedinmanyways.Thegovernmentusesittounderstandhowmanypeopletravelonbusesortrains.Thisinformationisthenusedtomakebusortrainsystemsbetter.Someschoolsusebigdatatounderstandwhichchildrenmayneedextrahelpinclass.Theteachercanthengivecertainstudentsmorehelporsupportsotheycansucceedinschool.Companiesusebigdata,too.Ithelpsthemunderstandwhobuystheirproducts.Forexample,onecompanyusesweatherdatatoseewhenpeopleeatthemosticecream.Bigdatacanbeusedforgoodreasons.Somehospitalsusebigdatatopredict(预测)ifababywhoisborntooearlywillgetsick.Thehospitalcanthentakeextraactiontotakecareofthatbaby,sothebabydoesnotgetsick.Bigdatacanalsobeusedforbadreasons.Itcanbeusedtopredictwhichkindsofpeoplearelikelytobreakthelaworhurtothers,eveniftheyhavenotdoneanythingwrong.9．WhatkindofinformationmaybeincludedinbigdatafromParagraph1?A．People’saddresses. B．People’splans. C．People’sminds. D．People’spersonalities.10．HowdoesthewritershowhisideasinParagraph2?A．Byshowingnumbers. B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bytellingstories. D．Bydrawingmindmaps.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”referto?A．Studentsatschool. B．Studentswhosucceedinschool.C．Somecertaintopstudents. D．Studentswhoneedmorehelpthanothers.12．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Bigdata,goodorbad? B．Bigdata—BesthelperC．Factsaboutbigdata D．Manysourcesofbigdata【正确答案】9．A10．B11．D12．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述大数据可以在许多方面发挥重要作用，但也存在一些潜在的风险和滥用问题。9．细节理解题。根据“Onesetofdatacanhavepeople’snamesandaddresses.”可知，人们的住址可能会被纳入大数据。故选A。10．推理判断题。通读第二段可知，作者先用“Bigdatacanbeusedinmanyways.”总起整段，然后用“Thegovernment”、“Someschools”、“Companies”等举例说明大数据的多种使用方式。故选B。11．词义猜测题。根据“Someschoolsusebigdatatounderstandwhichchildrenmayneedextrahelpinclass.Theteachercanthengivecertainstudentsmorehelporsupportsotheycansucceedinschool.”可知，一些学校使用大数据来了解哪些孩子在课堂上可能需要额外的帮助，然后老师可以给这些学生帮助或支持，这样这些学生就可以在学校取得成功。“they”指代“在课堂上可能需要额外的帮助的学生”。故选D。12．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述大数据的概念，用途以及它潜在的风险，选项C“关于大数据的事实”最适合作为本文的标题。故选C。四、阅读理解（22-23九年级下·江苏盐城·期中）Aspoonofpickles(榨菜)cansometimesmakeamealtastebetter.Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed:“digitalpickles”.Itreferstothevideosthatpeoplewatchwhileeatingthatmaketheirfoodseemtastier.Thetopicreceivedmorethan16millionclicksonSinaWeiboandabout100,000peoplejoinedinthediscussion.Insteadofhavingmealswithfriendsandfamilymembers,manyyoungpeopleinChinaarekeptcompanybyTVshowsorshortvideos.Manybelievethattheirfoodistastierwiththe“digitalpickles”.Canthishabitaffectyourdiet?Accordingtoarecentresearch,youmayeatmore!Theinternationalresearchteamasked62volunteerstofollowdifferenteatinghabitsduringfourdays,includingeatingwhilelookingatthemobilephone,readingmagazinesandwithoutdistraction(干扰).Theresultsshowedthatvolunteerswhoatewithadistractiontookinmuchmorecalorie(卡路里).Tofindoutthereason,theteamalsoinvitedtwogroupsofpeople:onegroupatewhilelisteningtoanaudioclip(音频剪辑)aboutanotherpersoneating,andtheotherlistenedtoaclipthatmadethemthinkaboutthefoodtheywereeating.Theresultsshowedthatthesecondgroupatelesssincetheyweremorefocusedontheirmeals.Wheneatingwiththe“digitalpickles”,ourattentioncanbedistracted.Wearelessabletonoticethatweareeatingmuch,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpectedunconsciously.Thisworksnotonlyforaudiosandvideos,butotherdifficulttasksaswell.AnotherresearchprojectledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichneedlotsofattention,trickmanypeopleintoovereating.Theteaminvited120peopletododifferenttaskswhileprovidingthemwithdrinksandsnacks.“Ourstudysuggeststhatifyou’reeatingordrinkingwhileyourattentionisdistractedbyaverydifficulttask,you’relesslikelytobeabletotellhowfullyoufeel,”oneoftheauthorsMartinYeomansexplained.13．Whatdo“digitalpickles”referto(指的是)accordingtothepassage?A．Anewtypeoftastyvegetables. B．Videospeoplewatchwhileeating.C．Electronicproductspopularonline. D．Digitalgamessuitableforfamilies.14．Whydopeopleeatmorewith“digitalpickles”accordingtothetext?A．Theyaremorefocusedontheirmeals. B．Theyaredistractedby“digitalpickles”.C．Thefoodtastesbetterwith“digitalpickles”. D．The“digitalpickles”makethemfeelhungrier.15．Whichhastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“unconsciously”inParagraph4?A．Unwillingly. B．Unusually. C．Unknowingly. D．Uncertainly.16．Whydoestheauthormentionadifferentstudyinthelastparagraph?A．Toexplainhowtodecideyouarefull. B．Todescribetheinfluenceof“digitalpickles”.C．Toshowhowtoavoidbeingdistracted. D．Togiveanothercasethatcausesovereating.【正确答案】13．B14．B15．C16．D【导语】本文主要介绍了“电子榨菜”这一现象，并分析了其导致人们吃得过量的原因。13．细节理解题。根据第一段“Recently,anewtypeofpickleisbeingdiscussed:‘digitalpickles’.Itreferstothevideosthatpeoplewatchwhileeatingthatmaketheirfoodseemtastier.”可知，“电子榨菜”指人们吃东西时看的视频。故选B。14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Wheneatingwiththe‘digitalpickles’,ourattentioncanbedistracted.Wearelessabletonoticethatweareeatingmuch,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpectedunconsciously.”可知，“电子榨菜”会使人们吃得更多是因为他们被“电子榨菜”分散了注意力。故选B。15．词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Wearelessabletonoticethatweareeatingmuch,whichleadstoeatingmorethanexpectedunconsciously.”可知，我们很少能注意到自己吃得太多，这导致我们在不知不觉中吃得比预期的多，由此猜测，unknowingly“不知不觉地”与unconsciously意思最接近，故选C。16．细节理解题。根据最后一段“AnotherresearchprojectledbytheUniversityofSussex,UK,pointedoutthatactivitieswhichneedlotsofattention,trickmanypeopleintoovereating.”可知，作者在最后一段提到了一项不同的研究是为了给出另一个导致吃得过量的案例。故选D。五、阅读理解（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期末）Imagineanislandwherethereareagreaternumberofcatsthantherearepeople.Doesitsoundlikesomethingfromacartoonoramanga(日本漫画)story?WelcometoTashirojima,asmallislandinthePacificOceanoffthecoastofJapan.It’sagreatplacetobeacat.Notonlydoesthecatpopulationnumberinthethousands,muchlargerthantheisland’shumanpopulationofabout100,butthesecatsaretakencareofbybothlocalpeopleandtourists.TheJapaneselovecats.Therearecatshrines(神庙)alloverJapan.andmanyofthecountry’sfolktalesfeaturecatsaswell.___▲____?Atonetime,theisland’smainindustrywasfishing.Thefishingnetsweremadeofsilk,andthefishermenraisedsilkwormstoproducethesilkforthesenets.Theykeptcatsaroundtokillmice,whichwerethepredatorsofthesilkworms.Inordertogetfood.thecatswouldalsovisitthehotelswherethefishermenfromotherislandswouldbestaying.Thefishermenbecamefondofthecatsandstartedwatchingthemallthetime,thinkingthatthecats’actionscouldtellthemtheweatherorthemovementsofthefishintheocean.Astoryistoldthatoneday,afishermanwascollectingrockstoholddownhisfishingnetwhenoneoftherocksdroppedfromhishandsandaccidentallykilledacat.Thefishermanfeltsobadaboutitthatheburied(埋葬)thecatinthecenteroftheislandandbuiltashrinetocatsthere.TheshrineiscalledNeko-jinja,andbyleavingofferingsforthecatgod”,fishermenhopeforagoodcatchandfortheirsafety.WordsoonspreadaboutCatIsland,andtouristscametogethertoseeandplaywiththethousandsofcatsthatwouldwalkdowntheisland’sstreetsorsitonthedoorstepsofpeople’shomes.JapanesemangaartistShotaroIshinomoribuiltseveralmanga-relatedbuildingsontheisland,mostofwhichlookedlikecats.Thesedevelopedintoatouristattraction,withguestsstayinginthecat-shapedhouses.Sincethen,manymovies,televisionseriesanddocumentarieshavebeenmadeaboutTashirojima,whichhashelpedbringinevenmorevisitors.Sothenexttimeyouseeacatloverlookingforthe“purrfect”vacationspot,recommendtothematriptoTashirojima,Japan’sCatIsland.17．Whatinformationcanwegetfromthispassage?A．TheexactnumberofcatsonCatIsland. B．ThereasonwhyNeko-jinjiagotitsname.C．Themethodofbuildingcat-shapedhouses. D．Thematerialoffishingnetsinearliertimes.18．Whichofthefollowingsentencesisthemostsuitablefor___▲____?A．ButwherecanweseethemostcatsinJapan?B．ButhowdidTashirojimagettobeCatIsland?C．SowhydoJapanesepeoplelovecatssomuch?D．SowhobuiltthefirstcatshrineonTashirojima?19．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“predators”inparagraph3probablymean?A．enemies B．friends C．producers D．protectors20．What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．TointroduceCatIslandinJapan. B．TotellusthehistoryofCatIsland.C．ToshowusthelifeofcatsinJapan. D．Toencouragepeopletoprotectcats.【正确答案】17．D18．B19．A20．A【导语】本文主要介绍了日本的“猫岛”。17．细节理解题。根据第三段“Atonetime,theisland’smainindustrywasfishing.Thefishingnetsweremadeofsilk,andthefishermenraisedsilkwormstoproducethesilkforthesenets.”可知，该岛的主要产业是渔业。渔网是用丝绸做的，渔民们养蚕来为这些渔网生产丝绸。此处介绍了早期渔网的材料是丝绸，D选项表述正确。故选D。18．推理判断题。分析第二段和第三段内容可知，空处应是起承上启下的作用；第二段主要讲述了日本人对猫的喜欢，第三段主要讲述了田代岛为什么对猫情有独钟，因而空处应是B选项最符合语境。故选B。19．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Thefishingnetsweremadeofsilk,andthefishermenraisedsilkwormstoproducethesilkforthesenets.Theykeptcatsaroundtokillmice,whichwerethepredatorsofthesilkworms.”可知，此处应是表达老鼠是蚕的“天敌”，因而“predators”应和A选项enemies“敌人”意义相近。故选A。20．主旨大意题。根据全文的内容可知，本文主要介绍了日本的猫岛，包括猫岛的历史以及它的现状，A选项符合语境。故选A。六、阅读理解（2024·陕西西安·三模）Recently,aresearchonhowanewvirtualrealityVR(虚拟现实)experienceeducatedchildrenaboutthefiredisasters(灾害)wasdone.ThenewVRexperiencewasdevelopedbytheUniversityofSouthAustralia,hopingtoeducatechildrentolearnhowtobesafeinafire.Itpresentsasituationforchildrenaged10-12.Inthesituation,theyaretaskedtolookafterafriend’sdogjustbeforeafireeventbegins.Theytakepartinasetofproblem-solvingactivitiestohelpsaveandprotectthemselvesandthedog.Thefindingsshowedthatover80%ofchildrencouldcalmlytelltheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferentchoices.Theyalsolearnedtomakewisedecisionstoprotectthemselvesfromafire.Childrenthoughtitespeciallyimportantandmeaningful,because91%ofthemdidn’thaveknowledgeoffiresatthebeginning,and67%hadsaidthattheyweretooyoungtomakesafetydecisionsinafire.TheresearchersbelievedsuchVRexperiencesmadeitpossibletoengage,educateandempowertheyoung.“Aschildrenborninmoderntimes,theyareinterestedinsuchtechnologyandtheycanexperienceeventsinarealsituationyetwithinthesafeenvironment,”saidDeleneWeber,oneoftheresearchers.“Well-designedVRcanprovidechildrenwithsurprisinglyvaluablelearningtools.”Meanwhile,becausechildrenhavefewerlifeexperiences,aren’tasphysicallystrong,they’reoftenmostatrisk.However,therolethatchildrenplayinthefiresafetyattheirhomesshouldnotbeunderestimated(低估).“Childrendon’tneedtobealwayswaitingforhelpindisasters.WiththeseVRexperiences,wecanmakechildrenunderstandtherisksandrealizetheycanhelp,”saidWeber.21．What’sthepurposeofthenewVRexperience?

A．Todescribechildren’sreactionstofiredisasters.B．Toteachchildrentosavethemselvesinafire.C．Tointroducewaysofavoidingafiretochildren.D．Toincreasechildren’sinterestinVRexperiences.22．Fromthefindings,what’sthechildren’sattitude(态度)towardsthenewVRexperience?

A．Doubtful. B．Worried.C．Uncertain. D．Supportive.23．Whichofthefollowinginthedictionarybestexplainstheunderlinedword“engage”inPara.3?

engage/en'geɪdʒ/verbengaged,engaging.①todrawone’sattentionandkeeptheminterested②togivesomebodyajob③tobeginfightingwithsomebody④tofitonepartofamachineintoanothersotheycanworkA．① B．② C．③ D．④24．FromPara.3,wemainlygettoknowthe________ofthenewVRexperience.A．development B．advantagesC．quality D．introduction【正确答案】21．B22．D23．A24．B【导语】本文主要介绍了一项研究，探讨了如何通过虚拟现实技术教育儿童如何在火灾中保护自己。21．细节推理题。根据第一段“...educated childrenaboutthefiredisasters(灾害)wasdone.”可知，新的虚拟现实体验的目的是让孩子们在火灾中保证安全。故选B。22．细节理解题。根据第二段“Childrenthoughtitespeciallyimportantandmeaningful,”可知，孩子们认为这特别重要和有意义，说明孩子们对虚拟现实体验是支持的。故选D。23．词义猜测题。根据第三段“TheresearchersbelievedsuchVRexperiencesmadeitpossibletoengage,educateandempowertheyoung.”可知，研究人员相信这样的虚拟现实体验可以使吸引、教育和赋能年轻人。可知engage表示“吸引”，A选项“吸引某人的注意，保持他们感兴趣”符合句意。故选A。24．推理判断题。根据第三段“theycanexperienceeventsinarealsituationyetwithinthesafeenvironment”以及“Well-designedVRcanprovidechildrenwithsurprisinglyvaluablelearningtools.”可知，本段介绍了虚拟现实体验的优点。故选B。七、阅读理解（2024·山东泰安·一模）Imagineaperfectday:theweatherisgoodandeverythingseemsfine.When,suddenly,yourcellphonelosesitssignal,thetelevisionhasnoprograms,andyoucan’tgetonlinewithyourcomputer.Whathashappened?Thesearejustthetypesofproblemsasolar(太阳)stormmightcause.Itmaynotsoundasseriousasothernaturaldisasters,suchasearthquakes.Buttoday,asolarstormoftenputsoursocietyindanger.Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares:largesuddenburningnearthesun.Itcangiveofflotsofenergy.Thestrongenergycanstopthesatellitesystems(系统)thatoperateourcomputers,telecomnetworksandsoon.Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.Inthepastfewmonths,scientistshaverecordedsomeofthestrongestsunflaresinyears.ThemostrecentonehappenedaroundValentine’sDay.ItcausedradioandsatellitesignalstogodowninsomenortherncitiesinChina.“Solarflareactivityisgoingtobemuchworsethanwhatwe’veseeninthepast.We’renottalkingaboutafewcitieslosingpower.Itcouldbehalfthecountry,maybemore.”SolarStormWarning.com,aUSwebsiteaboutceweather,warned.Expertssaythatlittlecanbedonetopredictsuchastorm.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretryingtoworktogetherbeforethenextstorm,althoughtheyarenotsurewhenthatmayhappen.25．Accordingtothearticle,howlongcanasolarstormcausepowercuts?A．Foryears. B．Forweeksormonths. C．Foraday. D．Forseveralhours.26．Accordingtothepassage,solarflaresare________.A．telecomputernetworks B．solarstormsC．largeexplosionsnearthesun D．theenergyofthesun27．Fromthepassage,therightorderofthefollowingis________.a.Solarflaresgiveofflotsofenergy.b.Peoplecan’tgetonlinewiththeircomputers.c.Solarstormshappen.d.Satellitesystemsarestopped.A．a-b-c-d B．c-b-a-d C．c-a-b-d D．a-c-d-b28．Thisarticlemainlytellsus________.A．somefactsaboutasolarstormB．howtopredictasolarstormC．theweatherisgoodandeverythingseemsfineonaperfectdayD．somethingaboutwhywecan’tgetonlinewithourcomputers【正确答案】25．B26．C27．D28．A【导语】本文主要介绍了关于太阳风暴的一些事实。25．细节理解题。根据“Thesestormscanevencausethepowertogooutforweeksormonths.”可知，太阳风暴会造成几周或几个月的停电。故选B。26．细节理解题。根据“Asolarstormiscausedbysolarflares:largesuddenburningnearthesun.Itcangiveofflotsofenergy.”可知，太阳风暴是由太阳耀斑引起的：太阳附近突然发生的大规模燃烧。它能释放出大量的能量，因此太阳耀斑是太阳附近的大爆炸。故选C。27．细节理解题。根据第三段可知，太阳风暴是由太阳耀斑引起的：太阳附近突然发生的大规模燃烧。它能释放出大量的能量。强大的能量可以阻止运行我们计算机、电信网络等的卫星系统。这些风暴甚至会导致断电几周或几月。因此正确的顺序应是先发生太阳耀斑，太阳耀斑引起太阳风暴，之后产生的能量会阻止卫星系统，进而造成不能上网，即a-c-d-b。故选D。28．主旨大意题。根据“Buttoday,asolarstormoftenputsoursocietyindanger.”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了太阳风暴的一些事情。故选A。八、阅读理解（2024·辽宁鞍山·二模）Perhapsmoneycansometimesbuyhappinessbuttherearealsomanyotherwaystomakeyouhappy.Youcanincreasethehappinessinyourlifewithinminutesbytakingmorenoticeofthingsthatmakeyouhappy.Herearesomeofthem.◆LifeIt’seasytoforgetaboutthefact—thatyouarealiveisitselfamiracle(奇迹).Astheoldsayinggoes“Everydayabovegroundisagoodday”.◆FriendshipAlmosteveryonehasfriends,althoughit’seasytolosenewsaboutthemintherushofevents.Today,takeafewminutestoreconnect(重新联系)withsomeofthem.◆FamilyIfyou’vegotagoodrelationshipwithyourfamily,enjoyit!You’reexperiencingoneofthedeepestsources(来源)ofhappinessontheplanet.◆Self-relianceFeelingsafetythatyoucandependonyourselftocompletewhatyousetouttocompletecreatesquietbutstronghappiness.◆LaughterItisimpossibletolaughandbesadatthesametime.Regulardosesoflaughteraremorethanmedicine.It’stheflavoroflife.◆GratitudeBethankfulforthewonderfulthingsalreadyinyourlife,insteadoffocusingonwhatyoudon’thaveorwhat’soutofreach.29．Howdoyouincreasethehappinessinyourlifeaccordingtothepassage?A．BychattingwithstrangersontheInternet.B．Bydependingonparentsallthetime.C．Byspendingalotoftimeshopping.D．Byreconnectingfriends.30．Howdoyouunderstandtheoldsaying“Everydayabovegroundisagoodday”?A．Thedaywhenyouarealiveisawonderfulday.B．Thedaywhenyoucanstandisawonderfulday.C．Thedaywhenyouaretravelingisawonderfulday.D．Thedaywhenyouaresmilingisawonderfulday.31．Whyisyourfamilyveryimportantinyourlife?A．Becauseyourparentsloveyouverymuch.B．Becauseyoucanalwaysdependonyourfamily.C．Becauseit’soneofthedeepestsourcesofhappiness.D．Becauseyoucan’talwaysstaywithyourfamily.32．Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．MoneyCanBuyHappiness B．TheWaystoMakeYourselfHappyC．TrytoMakeYourselfHappy D．LoveYourself;LoveLife【正确答案】29．D30．A31．C32．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了使自己高兴起来的六种方式。29．细节理解题。根据短文“Friendship:Almosteveryonehasfriends,althoughit’seasytolosenewsaboutthemintherushofevents.Today,takeafewminutestoreconnectwithsomeofthem.”可知，通过联系朋友来增加你生活中的幸福。故选D。30．句意猜测题。根据短文“Life:It’seasytoforgetaboutthefact-thatyouarealiveisitselfamiracle.Astheoldsayinggoes‘Everydayabovegroundisagoodday’.”可推知，人生在世的每一天都是一个好日子，这就是对古老谚语“Everydayabovegroundisagoodday”的正确理解。故选A。31．细节理解题。根据短文“Family:You’reexperiencingoneofthedeepestsourcesofhappinessontheplanet.”可知，家庭是最深切的幸福源泉之一；因此家庭在你的生活中是很重要的。故选C。32．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，本文主要从生活、友谊、家庭、自立、笑声和感恩这六个方面介绍了使你自己高兴起来的方式；选项B“让自己快乐的方式。”适合作为文章的标题。故选B。九、阅读理解（2024·安徽合肥·一模）Recently,aresearchteamfromNanjingAgriculturalUniversityhasinventedXunzi,alargelanguagemodel(LLM)andXunziChatalongwithGulian,aleadingancientChinesetextpublisher.Whenaskedwhyheandhispartnersmadethelargelanguagemodel,WangDongbo,theleaderoftheresearchteam,explainedthat“traditionalChinesecharacters,thetop-to-downdesign,theabsenceofpunctuation(标点)arealldifficultiesthatreadershavetogetoverwhentheyreadtraditionaltexts”.TocreateXunzitheLLM,Wangandhispartnersfirstneededtodoalotofresearch.Since2013,histeamhasworkedhardtodigitizeChineseclassicsliketheSikuQuanshu.“Thehardworkincludesalargecorpus(语料库)oftwobillionChinesecharacters,whichisnecessaryforthelargelanguagemodel,”saidWang.Buttheireffortsseemtohavepaidoff.NowXunzitheLLMcanmark,translate,punctuate,andunderstandpartsofancientChinesetexts.Itcanevensearchforspecificinformation,suchasnames,events,andplacesfromatext.Wangandh