2023-2024学年北京丰台区高二年级上册期末英语试题及答案

2024北京丰台高二（上）期末

英语

2024.01

考生须知：

1.答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清

楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。

2.本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对

应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字

迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。

3.请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、

草稿纸上答题无效。

4.本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。

笔试（共三部分100分）

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在

答题卡上将该项涂黑。

MybrotherandIweredrivinghometogetherandbecameabsorbedinaconversation.Becauseofthis1,

mybrothertookawrongturn.

Unfortunately,thewrongturntookustowardsabridgeandwehadnowaytoturnback.Reluctantly（不情愿

地），mybrotherpaidthebridgetollanddroveon.Hewasclearlyfrustratedbythemistakeandthe2wasteof

$4.

Weeventuallyreachedanexitslip-wayand,aswetookit,mybrothernoticedacarthatstoppedbytheroadside.

Ayoungguywasstandingnearby,lookinganxious.Iwasbusytryingto3whichwaywewentnextbutmy

brotherpulledoverandaskedtheguyifheneededanyhelp.Andhedid.Hehada（n）4tire（轮胎）andneeded

awrenchtogetitoff.

Mybrothergavehimawrench,thenproceededtohelphimchangetheflat.Theyoungmansaidthatthishad

beena（n）5weekforhim:earlierhehadgottenintoaminorcaraccident,andnowthisflatonhiswayhome

fromwork.Hekeptthankingusbecausehereallywouldhavebeen6ifwehadn'tcomealong.Afterwehad

finishedthejob,hepulledout$20togivetous."No,"Isaid.

“Wewerenever7toevengetonthatbridge.Wetookawrongturn.Butnowweknowwhywedid.It

wastohelpyou.Thankyouforturningourmistakeintoanopportunityto8

WhatIlovedmostwaswatchingmybrotherthroughoutthisprocess.Hewasabletoseeachancetohelp（which

第1页/共18页

Itotallymissed!)eveninanotherwise9situation.Itcanonlycomefromacalmmindanda(n)10

heart.

1.A.distractionB.challengeC.hesitationD.trouble

2.A.pricelessB.countlessC.needlessD.useless

3.A.debateonB.figureoutC.putforwardD.dealwith

4.A.spareB.missingC.flatD.unusual

5.A.excitingB.inspiringC.normalD.bad

6.A.stuckB.injuredC.lostD.tricked

7.A.allowedB.supposedC.recommendedD.chosen

8.A.learnB.tradeC.serveD.work

9.A.complexB.negativeC.desperateD.dangerous

10.A.braveB.simpleC.heavyD.open

第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分）

A

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Gathertogetheracoupleofgoodfriendsandtakealeisurelywalkthroughthestreets-thisis11many

youngstersinChinaenjoydoingwhentheyvisitanewcity.ThisiscalledCitywalk,anewwayfbryoungpeopleto

interactwithacityandmakefriends.Thetrendisspreadingfromfirst-tiercitiessuchasBeijingandShanghaito

secondandthird-tiercities,12(encourage)moreparticipantstogetinvolved.Somecitieshaveincluded

Citywalkintheirplans13(promote)culturaltourismandleisuretours.

B

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Overthepastseveraldecades,manydifferentbenefitsofhumor14(explore).Fewpeopleknowthat

humorplaysanimportantroleinsocialinteractionswithpeers,andultimatelyinschoolsuccess.Schoolentryisthe

time15parentsfadeintothebackgroundandsocialinteractionwithpeersbecomesincreasinglyimportant.

Theuseofhumourthatissociallyacceptableleadstoalowerlikelihoodofbeingbullied,whiletheuseofself-

disparaging(自贬的)humourleadstoa16(high)likelihoodofbeingbullied.

C

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白

处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Gotokindergarten,elementaryschool,highschool,andfinally,college.MostAmericankids17(expect)

bytheirparentstogetaneducationandhaveagoodlife.ForTaraWestover,theoutlookwasquitedifferent.18

(raise)inapoorfamilyinIdaho,Tarawasnotallowedtohaveapropereducation.Herfather19(keep)her

outofschool,believingawoman5sbestplacewasinthehome.HowdidTarafight20therighttogeteducated?

FindtheanswerinthebestsellerEducated.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第2页/共18页

第一节（共14小题;每小题2分，共28分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该

项涂黑。

A

TheUltimateGuidetoSTEMCompetitions&Events

STEMcompetitionsallowindividualsorstudentteamstosolveaspecificchallengeorproblemthroughscience,

technology,engineering,ormathematics.Thefollowingsaredifferenteventsatthistime.

CongressionalAppChallenge

What:Studentsmustcodeandbuildanappbythemselves.Theappsarejudgedindistrict-widecompetitions.

Who:Highschoolstudents.

When:FromJune15toNovember1,2023.

Where:Online.

Prize:WinnersreceiveafreetriptodisplaytheirworkintheCapitolBuilding.

RegeneronScienceTalentSearch

What:Entrantsmustconductanoriginalindependentresearchproject.Besidesapplicationletters,recommendation

lettersandtranscripts（成绩单）arealsoneeded.

Who:Anystudentintheirsenioryearofhighschool.

When:FromJune1toNovember8,2023.

Where:Selectedfinalistswillreceiveanall-expenses-paidtriptoWashingtonD.C.forin-depthjudging.

Prize:Over$2millioninawardsaregiven;first-placeprizeis$250,000.

THINKChallenges

What:Thiscompetitionisforhighschoolstudentswhoareintheearlystagesofanoriginalresearchproject,rather

thanbeingfullycompleted.

Who:Highschoolstudents.

When:2023registrationisclosed;2024detailsaretobedecidedandwilllikelyopeninNovember2023.

Where:Online.

Prize:Selectedfinalistsareinvitedtoa4-dayall-expenses-paidtriptoMIT'scampustomeetprofessorsintheirfield

ofresearch!$1000willbegiven.

SourceAmericaDesignChallenge

What:StudentteamsaretouseSTEMconceptstocreateatotallynewproductthatempowerspeoplewithdisabilities.

Who:Highschoolandcollegiate-levelstudents.

When:RegistrationforDesignChallenge2022isstilllive!

Where:ThefinalstakeplaceinWashingtonD.C.

Prize:Grandprizeis$8,000perteamand$6,000totheaffiliatedschool.

21.IntheSTEMcompetitions,participantscan.

A.designanappbasedonjudges9choicesB.createaninventiontohelpthedisabled

C.presentafullycompletedresearchprojectD.getrecommendationlettersfromprofessors

22.Ifsomeonewantstowinafreetriptoauniversity,theonewilljoinin.

A.THINKChallengesB.CongressionalAppChallenge

第3页/共18页

C.RegeneronScienceTalentSearchD.SourceAmericaDesignChallenge

23.Whichisarequirementforalltheapplicants?

A.Theymustbeavailableforanoutingtrip.B.Theymustregister2023competitions.

C.Theymustbehighschoolseniors.D.Theymustsubmitoriginalworks.

A12-year-oldgirlfromMillerMiddleSchoolinSanJosehaswonthetopprizewith$25,000inasciencefair.

Herinventionisanewfiredetectionsystemthatcanfasterdetect（探测）theheatsources.Ifsalsocheaperandmore

reliablethansmokedetectors.

Inthesummerof2022,arestaurantbehindShanya'shousewasburnedtotheground.Sincethen,Shanya's

motherbecameincreasinglycautiousaboutthestoveinthekitchen.Itwasn'tthattherestaurantdidn'thavesmoke

detectors,buttheyrequirethereisasignificantamountofsmokefirst,whichcansometimesmeanafirehasalready

startedandgottenoutofcontrol.Thisincidentinspiredhertocreateafiredetectionsystemtohelppeoplesufferless

lossfromfires.

Oneday,Shanyadiscoveredthatthermalcamerascandetectheatlossinhomesduringwintermonths.She

wonderedifthesecamerascouldalsospothousefiresmorequicklythantraditionalsmokedetectors.

Shanyaconnectedanaffordablethermalcameratoatinycomputer.Sheprogrammedhersystemtodifferentiate

betweenpeople-whichwereidentifiedaswarmmovingobjects-andheatsources,suchasatumed-ongasburner,

whichwereidentifiedashotobjectsthatremainedstill.

Thesystemcansendatextmessagewhenitdetectsafirebutnohumanpresencefbracontinuous10-minute

period.Shanyaconductedmultipletrialsatvarioustimesofdayandwithpeopleenteringthecamera'sviewfrom

differentdirections.Intheend,Shanya'ssystemaccuratelydetectedhumanpresence98%ofthetimeandheatsources

97%ofthetime.

Shanyadeterminedthatthebestplaceforthedetectorwouldbeonthewallabovethestovebutunderthestove

range——thisalloweditssensorstohaveclearaccesstothemostlikelylocationswhereafiremightstartinakitchen.

Afterhervictory,the12-year-oldhassaidshewantstorefinethedevicebycombiningitwithasmartphoneapp.

Theappwillallowuserstoquicklyswitchovertoacameraafterreceivingatextmessagesotheycanseeifthealert

iscorrect.

24.WhydidShanyainventthenewfiredetectionsystem?

A.Tocompeteinthesciencefair.B.Torelieveheranxietyaboutfire.

C.Tohelpreducepeople'sfireloss.D.Tomarketitformassproduction.

25.Whenthekitchenisonfire,Shanya9sfiredetectionsystemcan.

A.findoutheatsourcesB.giveafirealarm

C.recordtheburningprocessD.identifydifferentpeople

26.Tomakethedetectionsystemmoreaccurate,Shanya.

A.testedallkindsofsensorsB.placeditontheceiling

C.conductedsomeexperimentsD.combineditwithanapp

27.Accordingtothepassage,whichcanbestdescribeShanya?

A.Outgoingandsmart.B.Helpfulandgenerous.

C.Modestanddetermined.D.Creativeandhardworking.

第4页/共18页

c

Forsomeitisthesoundofabouncingbasketball.Forotherstheclearingofathroat.ForDr.JaneGregorythe

listincludespigeons,tickingclocksandthesoundofpopcornbeingeaten.4tIcriedontheplanetheotherdaybecause

Icouldn,tfigureoutthevolumeonmynewheadphonesandsoIcouldn'tblockoutthesoundofaguysniffing,she

says.Gregoryisamongthosewhoexperiencemisophonia,aphenomenoninwhichparticularsoundscanprove

unbearable,triggering（引起）emotionsfromanxietyandpanictoshameandanger.Nowinherbook,SoundsLike

Misophonia,theacademicisonamissiontoexplorewhafsbehindit,andtohelpthoseaffectedcope.

Gregory,aclinicalpsychologistattheUniversityofOxford,suggestsmisophoniaisfarfrombeingasimple

sensitivitytosound.Itcanbefedbyacomplexinterplayoffactors,includingalowerabilitytofilteroutcertain

noises,theassociationofnegativemeaningswithparticularsounds,andtheburdenoffeelingsassociatedwithan

emotionalresponsetothem.

Yet,thephenomenonwaslargelyunknownuntilthe2010s.Inonestudy,researchersaskedpeoplewithhigh

andlowtraitsofmisophoniatolistenoutfora"trigger“soundinthepresenceofamaskingsound.Bothgroups

detectedthetriggerjustaseasily.4<Thepersonwithmisophoniahadamoreintensereaction,butonlyafterthey

identifiedwhatthesoundwas,“addsGregory.Thoseresults,shesays,suggestthatpeoplewithmisophoniaarenot

inherentlybetteratdetectingparticularsounds,suchasasnifforarustle-rathertheymightbelisteningoutforthem

more,ornotbeasgoodasothersattuningthemout.Thisisatrait,Gregoryspeculates,thatmighthaveofferedour

ancestorsanevolutionaryadvantage,suchashelpingthemtodetecthidingpredators.Anotherimplicationofthe

research,Gregorysays,isthatitisnotjusttheauditoryfeaturesofthesoundsthatcausenegativereactionsbutthe

meaningattachedtothem.Anexamplewouldbeareactiontothejinglingofadog'scollarafterbeingfrightenedby

anaggressivedog.

Gregoryhopesherbookwillsupportthosetoooftentoldtoignoresounds.Shesays:"Theemotionalreactionis

muchmorecomplexthanjustbeingannoyed...Theyfeeltrappedandhelplesswhentheyencounterthesesounds.If

youthinkit'snothing,thenyou'renotexperiencingwhatthispersonisexperiencing.^^

28.Misophoniaisaphenomenonwhere.

A.peoplefailtorecognizeparticularsoundsB.specificsoundscausenegativeemotions

C.differentfeelingsaremixeduptogetherD.peoplelosecontroloftheiremotions

29.Whichofthefollowingmightbethecauseofmisophonia?

A.Triggersoundsofsimilarorigins.B.Disabilitytoignorecertainsounds.

C.Understandingofparticularsounds.D.Inbornabilitytotellcertainsounds.

30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Todetectcertainsoundsisasolutiontomisophonia.

B.Peoplewithmisophoniaarewellunderstoodbyothers.

C.Peoplecanbenefitfrommisophoniainsomesituations.

D.Objectsrelatedtosoundsmaytriggernegativereactions.

D

Theneedfbrclarityextendsbeyondhowwecommunicatesciencetohowweevaluateit.Whocanreallydefine

stockphrasessuchas'asignificantcontributiontoresearch5?Orunderstandwhat"highimpact5or'world-class'mean?

Scientistsdemandthatinstitutionsshouldbeclearabouttheircriteriaandconsiderallscholarlyoutputs-preprints,

第5页/共18页

code,data,peerreview,teaching,mentoringandsoon.

Myviewaboutthepracticesinresearchassessmentisthatmostassessmentguidelinespermitslidingstandards:

insteadofclearlydefinedterms,theygiveusfeel-goodslogansthatlackanyfixedmeaning.Facingtheproblemwill

getusmuchofthewaytowardsasolution.

Broadlanguageincreasesroomformisunderstanding."Highimpact'canbecodeforwhereresearchispublished.

Oritcanmeantheeffectthatresearchhashadonitsfield,oronsocietylocallyorglobally-oftenverydifferent

things.Yetconfusionistheleastoftheproblems.Wordssuchas'world-class'and"excellent9allowassessorstovary

comparisonsdependingonwhoseworktheyareassessing.Academia（学术界）cannotbeafairandreasonablesystem

ifstandardschangedependingonwhomweareevaluating.Unconsciousbias（偏见）associatedwithfactorssuchas

aresearcher^gender,ethnicoriginandsocialbackgroundhelpstheacademicinjusticecontinue.Itwasonlywith

double-blindreviewofresearchproposalsthatwomenfinallygotfairaccesstotheHubbleSpaceTelescope.

Manystrategiesexisttoimprovefairnessinacademia,butconceptualclarityisparamount.Beingclearabout

howspecificqualitiesarevaluedleadsassessorstothinkcriticallyaboutwhetherthosequalitiesaretrulybeing

considered.Achievingthatconceptualclarityrequiresdiscussionwithfaculties,staffandstudents:hoursandhours

ofit.TheUniversityMedicalCenterUtrechtintheNetherlands,forexample,heldaseriesofconversations,each

involving20-60researchers,andthenspentanotheryearrevisingitsresearchassessmentpoliciestorecognizesocial

impacts.

Frankconversationsaboutwhatisvaluedinaparticularcontext,orataspecificinstitution,areanessentialfirst

stepindevelopingconcreterecommendations.Althoughambiguous（模棱两可的）terms,forinstance'world-class9

and4significant5,areabarrierwhenperformingassessments,universityadministratorshavesaidthattheyrelyon

flexiblelanguagetomakeroomtorewardavarietyofcontributions.Soitmakessensethatmorespecificlanguage

inreviewandpromotionmustbeabletoaccommodatevariedoutputs,outcomesandimpactsofscholarlywork.

Settingspecificstandardswillbetough.Itwillbeinvitingtofallbackonthemisleadingstandardssuchas

impactfactors,oronambiguoustermsthatcanbeagreedtobyeveryonebutappliedwiselybynoone.Itistooearly

toknowwhatthosestandardswillbeorhowmuchtheywillvary,buttherightdiscussionsarestartingtohappen.

Theymustcontinue.

31.Regardingthecurrentpracticesinresearchassessment,theauthoris.

A.supportiveB.puzzled

C.unconcernedD.disapproving

32.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Biasonassessorscancauseinequality.B.Frankconversationsharmscholarlywork.

C.Specificqualitiesneedtobeclearlystated.D.Broadlanguageensuresacademicfairness.

33.Whatdoestheword“paramount“underlinedinPara.4mostprobablymean?

A.primary.B.recognized.

C.optional.D.accomplished.

34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Fixresearchassessment.Changeslogansforclearstandards.

B.Fixresearchassessment.Changeevaluationsforconversations.

C.Defineresearchassessment.Changesimplicityforspecification.

第6页/共18页

D.Defineresearchassessment.Changebroadlanguageforflexibleone.

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项

涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Bingohasbeenabelovedgameforgenerations,andforgoodreason.35Whetheryou'relookingfora

waytospendsomequalitytimewithfriendsandfamily,oryou'rejustlookingforafunactivitytodoathome,

hostingyourownbingopartyisagreatoption.

36First,uparethebingocards.Youcaneitherchoosetocreateyourownbingocardsorusepre-made

onesavailableonline.You'llalsoneedbingomarkers,whichcanbeanythingfromsmallpiecesofpapertopennies

orevencandy.

Onceyouhaveyoursupplies,ifstimetoinviteyourguests.Youcaninviteyourfriendsandfamilyoverfora

funnightofbingo,oryoucanevenhostavirtualbingopartyovervideochat.37Shouldyoubehostinga

virtualparty,makesuretosendoutthevideochatlinkaheadoftime.

Onceeveryonehasarrived,it'stimetostartthegame!38Eachcardshouldhaveauniquecombination

ofnumbersonitrangingfrom1to90.Makesurethatallplayershaveapenormarkertotakedownthenumbersas

theyarecalledout.

Thecallerisresponsiblefordrawingthenumbersandcallingthemouttotheplayers.Playerskeepmarkingthe

numbersontheircardsuntilsomeoneachievesawinningpattern.Therearevariouswinningpatternsinbingo,such

ascompletingarow,column,ordiagonalline,orachievingaspecificshapeordesignonthebingocard.39

Whenaplayerachievesthewinningpattern,theyshouldcallout^cBingo^^loudandcleartosignalthattheyhavewon.

Thegoalhereistohavefun.Whilesomeorganizationisrequired,trynottotunitintoamilitaryoperation.After

all,bingoisthetypeofgamethatcanbringpeopletogetherandcreateafUnandexcitingatmosphere.

A.Handoutthebingocardstoeachplayer.

B.Youcanaskyourgueststobringtheirfavouritebingoballs,cardsandmarkers.

C.Itshouldbedecidedbeforethegamestarts,andknowntoallplayers.

D.Tohostyourownbingoparty,you511needafewsupplies.

E.Insteadofusingtraditionalbingonumbersandletters,mixitupwithdifferentthemes.

F.Ifyou'rehostinganin-personparty,makesuretoletyourguestsknowwhattimetoarrive.

G.It'safun,excitinggameandcanbeenjoyedbypeopleofallages.

第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Nowadays,alotofyoungpeopleseemtospendmuchoftheirfreetimeeitherwatchingtelevisionorplaying

computergames.Certainly,thesethingsareentertaining,buttheydon'tcontributemuchtodevelopingtheirbrains.

Manybelievethatreadingbooks,andespeciallyfiction,isamuchmoreeffectivewayofachievingthis.Themost

obviousbenefitwegetfromreadingagoodstoryisagrowingvocabulary.Wecomeacrossnewwordsinreading

andtrytounderstandthesewordsthroughcontext.Gradually,webecomemoreconfidentwithcomplexwords.In

addition,weimproveinotherareassuchasspeakingandwritingjustbyreadingregularly.

第7页/共18页

Ithasalsobeenestablishedthatreadingfictionisagoodwayofdevelopingagoodself-image.Non-readersor

poorreadersoftenhavelowopinionsofthemselves.Besides,theymayperformpoorlyinothersubjectsbecausethey

cannotreadandunderstandthematerial.

Mostimportantly,however,readingfictionhelpsustodevelopourbrains.Thehumanbraincanworkwellwhen

wejustdoregularthings,likedrivingorwalking.However,learningexpertDr.BrianE.Walshsuggestedthatitcan

performmoreeffectivelywhenanelementofsurpriseisadded,becausethishelpstobuildconnectionsinthebrain.

Inthisrespect,thepositiveeffectsofreadingmaybemuchstrongerthanpreviouslythought.

Recentresearchhasshownthatthebrainreactsmorestronglytounpredictablethantopredictablethings.This

mayexplainwhypeopleenjoyreadingfiction,whichgenerallycontainslotsofunpredictablethings.Readingfiction

enablesustoexperiencefreshscenarios，］青节)andidentifywiththepeoplewearereadingabout.Whenwementally

createthescenes,thelookofthecharacters,thesmells,andthesoundsinthebook,weareexercisingourbrain.The

brainischallenged.Thisisapositivethingbecauseitwillcontinuetogrowanddevelopifproperlystimulated.The

moreitisused,thebetteritbecomes.

40.Howdoesreadinghelpusimprovevocabulary?

41.Whataretheproblemsforpeoplewhoseldomreadaccordingtothepassage?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

>Readingfictionhasmorepositiveeffectsonourbrainsincefictionshowsmorepredictablethingsinourdaily

life.

43.Apartfromwhatarementionedinthepassage,whatotherbenefit(s)haveyougainedfromreadingfiction?

第二节（20分）

44.假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim要参加主题为"Themeaningoflearning"的演讲比

赛，来信询问你对学习的意义的理解或看法。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1.你对学习意义的理解或看法；

2.预祝他比赛成功。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

DearJim,

Yours.

LiHua

第8页/共18页

参考答案

笔试（共三部分100分）

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分）

【答案】LA2.C3.B4.C5.D6.A7.B8.C9.B10.D

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和哥哥开车拐错了弯，却在途中帮助了一个陌生人的故事。

【1题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为这种分心，我哥哥拐错了弯。A.distraction分心；B.challenge挑战；C.

hesitation犹豫；D.trouble麻烦。根据上文中的"MybrotherandIweredrivinghometogetherandbecame

absorbedinaconversation."可知，作者与开车的哥哥聊天导致拐错了弯，由此可知，此处指的是"分心"

符合语境。故选A项。

【2题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他显然对这个错误和不必要的4美元浪费感到沮丧。A.priceless无价的；B.

countless无数的；C.needless不必要的；D.useless没用的。根据语境以及上文中的"Reluctantly（不情愿地）,

mybrotherpaidthebridgetollanddroveon.”可知，作者与哥哥拐错弯而付了过桥费，由此可知，此处指

“不必要的”符合语境。故选C项。

【3题详解】

考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我正忙着弄清楚下一步该走哪条路，但我哥哥把车停在路边，问那个人是

否需要帮助。A.debateon争辩；B.figureout弄清楚；C.putforward提出；D.dealwith处理。根据语境和

上文中的"Weeventuallyreachedanexitslip-way”与下文中的"whichwaywewentnext”可知，在作者与哥

哥开车拐错弯后到达一个出口，作者应是忙着“弄清楚”该走哪条路。故选B项。

【4题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的轮胎瘪了，需要一个扳手才能把它弄下来。A.spare空闲的；B.missing

丢失的；C.flat瘪的；D.unusual不寻常的。根据下文中的"andnowthisflatonhiswayhomeftomwork."可

知，此处指的是他的车胎“瘪的”符合语境。故选C项。

【5题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人说这一周对他来说很糟糕：早些时候他出了一场小车祸，现在又

在下班回家的路上轮胎瘪了。A.exciting令人激动的；B.inspiring鼓舞人心的；C.normal正常的；D.bad坏

的，糟糕的。根据下文中的"earlierhehadgottenintoaminorcaraccident,andnowthisflatonhiswayhome

fromwork.”可知，这个年轻人早些时间出了一场小车祸，现在轮胎又瘪了，所以此处指的是“糟糕的”一

周。故选D项。

【6题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不停地感谢我们，因为如果我们不来，他真的会被困在这里。A.stuck困住；

B.injured受伤；C.lost迷失；D.tricked欺骗。根据上文中的"Hehada（n）___4___tire（轮胎）andneededa

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wrenchtogetitoff."可知，这个年轻人的车胎撒了气，需要一个扳手把轮胎卸下来，由此可知，此处指的

是如果作者他们不来，他会被“困”在这里。故选A项。

【7题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们甚至都不应该上那座桥。A.allowed允许；B.supposed假定，预想；C.

recommended推荐；D.chosen选择。根据上文中的"Becauseofthis__1___,mybrothertookawrongturn."

可知，哥哥开车拐错了弯，由此可推断，此处指的是不“应该”上那座桥，besupposedto意为“应该”。

故选B项。

【8题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：感谢你们把我们的错误变成了为你服务的机会。A.learn学习；B.trade交易；C.

serve服务；D.work工作。根据上文中的"Wetookawrongturn.Butnowweknowwhywedid.Itwastohelp

you.”可知，作者和哥哥因为转错弯才上了桥，遇到了这位需要帮助的年轻人，这个错误让他们有机会帮

助他人，由此可知，此处指的是“为他人服务”符合语境。故选C项。

【9题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是在消极的情况下。A.complex复杂的；B.negative负面的；C.desperate

绝望的；D.dangerous危险的。根据上文中的"Wetookawrongturn.Butnowweknowwhywedid.Itwasto

helpyou.Thankyouforturningourmistake