Python程序设计项目化教程 课件 项目4-批量数据处理

——批量数据处理e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC《项目四》2341Contents目录批量文本数据处理列表数据处理字典数据处理数据的综合性处理e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFACe7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC1批量文本数据处理1.1序列e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC在Python中，序列是最基本的数据结构。它是一块用于存储多个值的连续内存空间。序列包括字符串、列表、元组、集合和字典，用来表示一组数据。序列可通过索引取值1.2序列基本运算e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC乘法4切片2序列相加3索引1检查某个元素是否是序列的成员5计算序列的长度、最大值和最小值61.3类型转换e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAClist()—将序列转换成列表str()—将序列转换成字符串tuple()—将序列转换成元组e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC2列表数据处理2.1

列表概述e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC列表（list）是一个有序的序列结构，序列中的元素可以是不同的数据类型。例如：A=[1,'xiaoWang','a',[2,'b']]2.2

列表的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC添加、修改和删除列表元素访问列表元素列表的创建和删除对列表进行统计计算对列表进行排序二维列表的使用2.2列表的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用赋值运算符直接创建列表1创建空列表2创建数值列表3创建列表2.2列表的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC直接使用print()函数输出1索引2切片3访问列表元素2.2列表的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC直接使用for循环1使用for循环和enumerate()函数2遍历列表2.2列表的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC根据索引值删除1根据元素值删除2添加、修改和删除列表元素2.2列表的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用列表对象的sort()方法1使用内置的sorted()函数2对列表进行排序e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC3字典数据处理3.1字典概述e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC字典是一种存储数据的容器，它和列表一样，都可以存储多个数据。

info={'name':'班长','sex':'f','address':'北京'}每个元素都是由两部分组成的，分别是键和值。‘name’为键，‘班长’为值。

3.2字典的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC添加、修改和删除字典元素4

通过键值对访问字典2遍历字典3字典的创建和删除1字典推导式53.2字典的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC根据键访问值1如果不确定字典中是否存在某个键而又想获取其值时，可以使用get方法，还可以设置默认值。2访问字典元素3.2字典的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用del()方法删除1使用clear()方法删除2添加、修改和删除字典元素3.2字典的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用key()方法返回在字典中的所有可用的键的列表获取字典中键的列表dict={'Name':'Zara','Age':7};print(dict.keys())3.2字典的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用values()方法返回在字典中的所有可用的值的列表获取字典中值的列表dict={'Name':'Zara','Age':7};print(dict.values())3.2字典的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC使用items()方法返回字典的(键，值)元组对的列表计算字典中键值对的个数dict={'Name':'Zara','Age':7}print("Value:%s"%dict.items())3.2字典的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC直接使用for循环遍历字典的键、值、元素、键值对dict={'Name':'Zara','Age':7}foritemindict.items():print(item)e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC4数据的综合性处理4.1元组概述e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFACPython的元组与列表类似，不同之处在于元组的元素不能修改。元组使用小括号，列表使用方括号。tup1=('physics','chemistry',1997,2000)tup2=(1,2,3,4,5)tup3="a","b","c","d"4.2元组的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元组推导式4访问元组元素2修改元组元素3元组的创建和删除1元组与列表的区别54.2元组的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元组可以使用下标索引来访问元组中的值访问元组tuple=('hello',100,4.5)print(tuple[0])print(tuple[1])print(tuple[2])4.2元组的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元组不允许修改元素tup1=(12,34.56);tup2=('abc','xyz')#以下修改元组元素操作是非法的。tup1[0]=1004.2元组的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元组的遍历a_turple=(1,2,3,4,5)fornumina_turple:print(num,end="”)4.2元组的常见操作e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元组的内置函数方法描述len(tuple)

计算元组元素个数max(tuple)

返回元组中元素最大值min(tuple)

返回元组中元素最小值tuple(seq)

将列表转为元组4.3生成器概述e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC在Python中，受到内存限制，列表、元组、字典的容量都是有限的。按照某种算法推算出其中的元素，一边循环一边计算的机制，称为生成器：generator。4.4列表推导式e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC列表推导式可以快速生成一个列表，或者根据某个列表生成满足指定需求的列表。importrandomlist_0=[random.randint(10,100)foriinrange(5)]print(list_0)4.5元组推导式e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC元组推导式可以快速生成一个元组，或者根据某个元组生成满足指定需求的元组。importrandomtuple_0=(random.randint(10,100)foriinrange(5))print(tuple_0)4.6字典推导式e7d195523061f1c0d3ba7f298e59d031c9c3f97027ed136f882110EF8F17BAD1F2C348D17C7856EF46CB4678CC9E44EE1ABA681E3133328A7B4D22AAF822B2429426B2355AA8CC4431B8568D2CF3B73AE9F4AE98D5A0D6A5566EF967553E96D781C502472DAB692B5E92B1CB5B32F40BF8CF6181A24AB2F2CD3A9A53F0FE7F0D4E247476572CCFAC字典推导式可以快速生成一个字典，或者根据某个字典生成满足指定需求的字典。importrandomdict_0={i:random.randint(10,100)foriinrange(5)}pri