202406 联合国人居署《2023年年度报告》

V

UN-HABITAT

UNITEDNATIONSHUMANSETTLEMENTS

PROGRAMME(UN-HABITAT)-ANNUALREPORT2023

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Contents

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2

URBANACTIONIS...

SCALINGTHENEWURBANAGENDA

URBANACTIONIS...

LEAVINGNO

ONEANDNO

PLACEBEHIND

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4

URBANACTIONIS...

CREATINGA

BETTERURBANFUTURE

URBANACTIONIS...

UNITING

FORURBAN

Comingtogether

Disseminatingknowledge

Onthemap

Madepossibleby

SUSTAINABILITY

Bridgingthegap

Ourimpact

1.Reducinginequality

2.Promotingprosperity

3.Actingforclimateandnature

4.Buildingresiliencetocrises

inatimeofcrises

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LEAVINGNOONEAND

NOPLACEBEHIND

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CREATINGABETTERURBANFUTURE

UNITINGFORURBANSUSTAINABILITY

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Inanerabesiegedbycrises,thepacetowardsachievingtheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsseemstofalter,leavingmorecommunitiesandplacesbehind.Asinequalitiesdeepen,bothbetweenandwithinnations,thesocialfabricfrays,threateningstabilityworldwide.

Citiesandtheirleadersstandonthefrontlineofthesechallenges,

confrontingissuesrangingfromclimatechangetoconflictandeconomicinstability.Theyarenotjustaffectedbythesecrisesbutareintegral

totheirsolutions.Withurbanareasaccountingforover70percentof

globalgreenhousegasemissionsandplayingasignificantroleinenergyconsumptionandhostingpost-disasterdisplacements,theimperativeforurbantransformationisundeniable.

Thetraditionalparadigmsofurbandevelopmentnolongerfitthe

complexitiesoftoday’sworld.Weneedanewapproachtoplanning,

building,andmanagingcities.Withmorethan70percentoftheglobal

GrossDomesticProductcomingfromurbanareasandover65percentoftheSustainableDevelopmentGoalsreliantonlocaldecision-making,citiesholdimmensepowerindrivingprogress.However,challengespersist.Theglobalhousingcrisisisoneofthem,withanestimatedneedfor96,000

affordablehousingunitsdailytomeetdemandby2030.

MichalMlynár

UnitedNationsAssistant

Secretary-GeneralandActing

ExecutiveDirectorofUN-Habitat

In2023,recognizingtheneedforaction,thesecondUnitedNations

HabitatAssemblyreaffirmedthecommitmenttoadequatehousingasafundamentalhumanrightandaplatformforrebuildingfracturedsocialcontracts.Throughtheadoptionofresolutionsaimedattransforming

informalsettlements,acceleratinglocalizationoftheSustainable

DevelopmentGoals,preservingurbanbiodiversity,andcraftingguidelinesforpeople-centredsmartcities,MemberStatessignalledacollectiveresolveto

revitalizingsustainabledevelopment.

Thenexusbetweenurbanizationandclimatechangehascomeintosharperfocus,too.AtCOP28,UN-Habitatanditspartnersmobilized

acoalitiontoplacetheurbanagendaattheforefrontofclimate

negotiations.Themessagewasclear:urbanizationandlocalaction

mustbecentraltofutureclimateagendas.

Lookingahead,theUNSummitoftheFuturewillbeakeymoment

forchartingourcourse.Itisnotmerelyaforumfordiscussion

butacatalystforconcreteaction.UN-Habitatworkswith

MemberStatestointegratetheperspectivesoflocalandregionalgovernmentsintothesummit’sagendaandoutcomedocuments.ThismessagewillbefurtheramplifiedatthetwelfthsessionoftheWorldUrbanForumwhichhasasitstheme‘Itallstartsat

home:Localactionsforsustainablecitiesandcommunities.’

Ourfutureisundeniablyurban,andthetimeforactionisnow.Bystrengtheningthevoicesofcitiesinglobaldiscourseanddriving

changeontheground,welaythegroundworkforamoreequitable

andsustainableworld.

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AsphaltroadandcityskylinewithmodernbuildingatnightinSuzhou,China.©S/ABCDstock

URBANACTIONIS...

SCALINGTHENEWURBAN

AGENDA

UN-Habitatisplayingacrucialroleinfacilitatingtheimplementationof

theNewUrbanAgendatoacceleratetherealizationoftheSustainable

DevelopmentGoals(SDGs).Keyreportsandintergovernmentalprocessesin2023highlightedprogressinimplementingtheNewUrbanAgendaandemphasizedtheneedtoaccelerateimplementationfurther.

LEAVINGNOONE

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WhatistheNewUrbanAgenda?

TheNewUrbanAgenda,adoptedin2016,

representsasharedvisionforabetterandmoresustainablefuture–oneinwhichallpeople

haveequalrightsandaccesstothebenefitsandopportunitiesthatcitiesandhumansettlementscanofferandinwhichtheinternational

communityreconsiderstheurbansystemsandphysicalformofoururbanspacestoachievethis.

WhyistheNewUrbanAgendakeytosustainabledevelopment?

TheNewUrbanAgendarecognizesthe

correlationbetweengoodurbanizationand

development.Itunderlinesthelinkagesbetweengoodurbanizationandjobcreation,livelihood

opportunities,andimprovedqualityoflife,whichhighlightsitsconnectiontothe2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment,particularlyGoal11:Makecitiesandhumansettlementsinclusive,

safe,resilientandsustainable.

Theworldisofftrack:SDG11report

Halfwayintotheimplementationperiodof

the2030Agenda,UN-Habitat’s2023global

assessmentreportRescuingSDG11fora

ResilientUrbanPlanetdetailsprogressmade

towardsachievingSDG11onsustainablecitiesandcommunities.Thereportfoundthat

theworldisfarfromreachingthetargetsofSDG11andthatitwillfailtodosowithoutcriticalinterventionsfromurbanactors

acrosstheglobe.

“Citiesareenginesof

economicgrowthand

innovationthatholdthekeytoachievingthe

2030Agendaandthe

SustainableDevelopment

Goals.Theyarealsoonthefrontlinesoftoday’scomplexchallenges,

fromtheclimatecrisistogrowinginequalitiesandpoliticalpolarization.”

AntónioGuterres

UnitedNationsSecretary-General

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OpeningofthesecondsessionoftheUnitedNationsHabitatAssemblyinNairobi,Kenya,on5June2023©UN-Habitat

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ResolutionsadoptedatUnitedNationsHabitatAssembly

Underthetheme‘Asustainableurbanfuturethrough

inclusiveandeffectivemultilateralism:Achievingthe

SustainableDevelopmentGoalsintimesofglobalcrises,’thesecondUnitedNationsHabitatAssembly,whichtookplaceinJune2023inNairobi,Kenya,adoptedahistoricalresolutionon

affordablehousingforall

.MemberStatesagreedtorenewtheircalltoprioritizeadequate

housingandviewhousingasahumanrightforthefirst

timesince1948,whentheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightswasadopted.

TheUnitedNationsHabitatAssemblyadoptednineotherresolutionson:

●Internationalguidelinesonpeople-centredsmartcities

●Acceleratingtransformationofinformalsettlementsandslumsby2030

●WorldCleanupDay

●Biodiverseandresilientcities

●Enhancingtheinterlinkagebetweenurbanizationandclimatechange

resilience

●LocalizationoftheSustainableDevelopmentGoals

●Urbanplanningandsustainableinfrastructure

●Creationofahumansettlementsresilienceframework

●Equitablefinancingandeffective

monitoringoftheimplementationofresolutionsadoptedbytheUnitedNationsHabitatAssembly

SpearheadingclimateactioncommitmentsatCOP28

In2023,UN-HabitathostedthesecondMinisterialMeetingonUrbanizationandClimateChangeatCOP28,whichwasattendedbyover1,000participantsincluding60ministersandvice-ministers,mayors,multilateraldevelopmentbanks,andcommunityorganizations.

UN-Habitatco-chairedthefirstLocalClimateAction

Summit,whichhighlightedthecriticalroleofmultilevel

climateactionandculminatedintheCoalitionforHigh

AmbitionMultilevelPartnerships(CHAMP)pledge,signedby71nationalgovernmentscommittingtoincludemultilevel

actioninCOP28outcomesandtocollaboratewithnon-

stateactorsforthe2025revisionofNationallyDeterminedContributions(NDCs).

UN-Habitatco-convenedtheMultilevelClimateActionandUrbanizationPavilion,gatheringover2,000participants

tobolsterglobaleffortsinaddressingurban-focused

climatechallenges.Theseinterventionslaythegroundworkforrobustcollaborationin2024andbeyond,crucialfor

advancingurbanclimateresilienceandsustainabilityinthefaceofrapidurbanization.

Secretary-General’sAdvisoryGrouponLocalandRegionalGovernments

InOctober2023,theUnitedNationsSecretary-General

convenedtheinauguralmeetingoftheAdvisoryGroup

onLocalandRegionalGovernments,comprisedofseniorrepresentativesof5nationalgovernmentsand15localandregionalgovernments.UN-HabitatistheSecretariatoftheAdvisoryGroup.

Overaone-yearperiod,theAdvisoryGroupwillmeetwiththeSecretary-GeneraltoinformonthedimensionsoflocalandregionalgovernmentsinpreparationoftheSummitoftheFuture,tobeheldinSeptember2024.

BEAMbyUNITAC

TheUnitedNationsInnovationTechnologyAcceleratorforCities(UNITAC),acollaborationbetweenUN-Habitat,UN-OICT,andHafenCityUniversity,supportedbytheGermanFederalForeignOffice,focusesondigitalsolutionsfor

urbanchallenges.In2023,itexpandedBEAM(Buildings&EstablishmentAutomatedMapper),atoolinitiallyusedineThekwini,SouthAfrica,toeightnewcitiesinCentral

America:BelizeCity,GuatemalaCity,SanSalvador,

Tegucigalpa,Managua,SanJosé,PanamaCity,andSantoDomingo.BEAMmonitorsinformalsettlements,aiding

data-drivenpoliciesandactionsforsustainablecities,

aligningwiththeSDGtargetonensuringaccessforalltoadequate,safeandaffordablehousingandbasicservices,andupgradingslums.

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MuralspaintedtoraiseawarenessofCOVID-19inNairobi,Kenya©UN-Habitat/JuliusMwelu

URBANACTIONIS...

CREATINGABETTERURBAN

FUTURE

Thechallengesfacingtheworld’scitiesarecomplexandinterrelated.UN-Habitatapproachesthese

issuesthroughanintegratedwayofworking.

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LEAVINGNOONE

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AnnualReport2023PanoramaviewoffavelaComplexoAlemaoin

LocalactioninatimeofcrisesRiodeJaneiro,Brazil©S/Lazyllama

Bridgingthegap

CentraltotherelevanceandimpactofUN-Habitat’sworkisaninteractiverelationshipbetweennormativeandoperationalworkatnationalandsubnationallevels.

UN-Habitatprovideseffectivesolutionsthatdeliverimpact

acrossthethematicareasofitsstrategicplan.In2023,of110sampledprojects,morethanhalfcontributedinanintegratedwayacrossatleastthreethematicareasofthestrategicplan.

In2023,citiesand

communitiescontinuedtofacemultiplechallenges:

1.1B

318M

peoplegloballyexperienced

homelessness

duetotheunaffordability,unsustainabilityand

exclusivenessofthe

housingsector.Accesstohousingisapreconditionforaccesstoemployment,education,healthand

socialservices.

peoplelivedinslums

andinformalsettlements,

limitingtheiraccessto

servicesandopportunities,andimpactingtheirquality

oflife.Since2020,an

additional200million

peoplehavelivedinslums.

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2.2B

peoplelackedsafelymanageddrinkingwaterservices,

aprimarycauseofwatercontaminationand

water-bornediseases.

Urbanwaterdistributionandsanitationsystems

areoftenderelictand

unabletocopewiththe

growingdemographics.Paradoxically,low-

incomeurbandwellers

payhighpricesforwater,sometimesupto50timesthepricepaidbyhigherincomegroups.

2.8B

peoplewereaffected

byhousinginadequacy,

includingthosewho

liveinhighlydeprivedconditionsinslumsandthosewhoexperiencehomelessness.Tomeetthegrowinghousing

demandin2030,

UN-Habitatestimates

96,000newhousingunitsareneededeveryday.

3.5B

peoplelackedsafelymanagedsanitation

services.

Indenselypopulated

areas,theabsenceof

propersanitationfacilitiesalmostinevitablyleads

tomassivepollutionandcontaminationofavailablewaterresources.

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Localactioninatimeofcrises

Toaddressthesechallenges,

UN-Habitatprioritizesfourpolicyareas

1

ACHIEVING

UNIVERSALACCESS

TOADEQUATE

HOUSING

2

LOCALIZATION,

MULTILEVEL

GOVERNANCEAND

LOCALFINANCE

3

URBANCLIMATE

ACTIONAND

ENVIRONMENTAL

SUSTAINABILITY

4

BUILDING

RESILIENCETO

CRISIS

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Thesepolicyareas

areanchoredinthethematicareasof

UN-Habitat’sStrategicPlan2020-2025

Reducinginequality

●Increasedandequalaccesstobasic

services,

sustainablemobility,andpublicspace

●Increasedand

secureaccessto

landandadequateandaffordable

housing

●Effectivesettlementgrowthand

regeneration

Promotingprosperity

●Improvedspecialconnectivityandproductivity

●Increasedand

equitably-distributedlocally-generated

revenues

●Expanded

deploymentof

frontier

technologiesandinnovations

Actingforclimateandnature

●Reduced

greenhousegas

emissionsand

improvedairquality

●Improvedresourceefficiencyand

protectionof

ecologicalassets

●Effectiveadaptationofcommunitiesandinfrastructureto

climatechange

Respondingtocrises

●Enhancedsocial

integrationand

inclusivecommunities

●Improvedliving

standardsand

inclusionofmigrants,refugeesand

internallydisplaced

persons

●Enhancedresilienceofthebuilt

environmentandinfrastructure

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actiontimeofcrises

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©UN-Habitat

Localactioninatimeofcrises

Ourimpact

280,000+

peopleinpoor

andvulnerable

communitiesgainedincreasedaccesstobasicservicesandsustainablemobility

958,000

peoplebenefitedfrom

improvedconnectivityandgreenmobility,including

supporttostart-upsand

rapidbustransitin10citiesglobally

36

urbanobservatorieswere

certifiedandonboardedto

theGlobalUrbanObservatoryNetworkandareactively

contributingtowardslocal

SDGs/NewUrbanAgendadataproductionandenhancinguse

230+

lawsfrom9countrieswere

updatedintheUrbanLex,

UN-Habitat’sfreeglobal

databasethataimstoimproveaccesstothelegislation

regulatingtheurban

ofdatafordecision-makingprocessesandinvestments

environment,bringingthetotal

to2,500+legalinstruments

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88,000+

householdsinpartner

countrieshaveincreasedsecuretenurerightstolanddocumentation

162

countriesreportedhavingnational-levelurbanpolicies.Countries

supportedbyUN-Habitatin2023includeAzerbaijan,Cambodia,

Cameroon,Comoros,Egypt,Ghana,Guinea,IslamicRepublicofIran,

Mozambique,Nigeria(state-level),

Paraguay,andSenegal

1,500

citiesfrom187countrieshavereporteddataonat

least3SDG11indicators,whichfacilitatedupgradingofthese3indicatorsfromTierIItoIin2023,with

supportfromUN-Habitat

SCALINGTHENEWURBANAGENDA

CREATINGABETTERURBANFUTURE

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129

countriesincludedurbancontent

inNationallyDetermined

Contributions

15

localandregionalauthorities

and5nationalauthoritiesstartedimplementingand/oraligning

theirlocalurbanmonitoring

frameworksanddatatotheGlobalUrbanMonitoringFramework

tostreamlinetheirmonitoring

processesandincludetraditionallyexcludedgroupsinurban

developmentplans

25

countriesweresupportedin

collectingdataonSDGsand

implementingtheglobally

harmonizedapproachto

definingcitiesandhuman

settlementsendorsedbythe

UNstatisticalcommissionin

2020,throughUN-Habitat,

UNFPA,andUNICEF

timecrises

Rehabilitated

40publicspacesgloballywhicharebeingenjoyedby

395,000

individuals,offeringsafeandinclusiveenvironmentsforall

Supported

communitydevelopment

andaccesstobasicsocialservicessuchasroad

maintenanceandcollection

ofhouseholdwastefor

1,310

peoplefromvulnerableareasinCôted’Ivoire

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ChildrenfromtheKamiloareainYemenduringthepark’sopeningday©UN-Habitat/BassamThabit

URBANACTIONIS...

REDUCING

INEQUALITY

Toreduceinequalitybetweenandwithincommunitiesandtacklepoverty,UN-Habitatpromotes:

Increasedandequalaccesstobasic

services,sustainablemobility,and

accessibleandsafepublicspaces

Increasedand

secureaccessto

land,adequateandaffordablehousing

Effectivehumansettlementgrowthandregeneration

OurImpactin2023

Supported

24partnercities

inimplementingurban

andterritorialrenewalandregenerationinitiatives

Strengthened

housing,land,andpropertyrightsfor

39,518

peoplein

Afghanistan

Conducted

participatoryslum

upgradinginterventionsinMadagascar,whichbenefited

27,000

residentsbyimprovingtheirlivingconditions

Supported

waterandsanitationoperatorsin

13countries

toimproveoperationalcapacities

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LEAVINGNOONE

ANDNOPLACEBEHIND

Fromwastelandstopublicparks

InYemen,despiteeffortsbylocalauthoritiesin

theKamiloarea,thecommunitygrappledwith

aswampforover25years.SamiahMuarshid,a

motheroffouryoungchildren,oftenworriedabouthealthrisksduetotheswamp,suchasthespread

ofdisease.Herchildrenfrequentlyfellill,strainingthefamily’sfinances.

Tosupportthecommunity,UN-Habitatremovedsolidwaste,filledtheswamp,establisheda

rainwaterdrainagesystem,andconstructedachildren’sparkandsmallgarden.

“It’sbeenmonthssinceeitherofmychildrenhadtomissschoolduetoillness.Ican’texpresshowmuchofareliefitistoseethemhealthyandabletoplayoutsidesafely,”Samiahsaid.

Fromarooftoahome

Over40yearsago,VeraLuciaJorgechosetoliveinabareboneshouseinViladoJoão,Brazil.

“Iloveithere,”shesaid–butherhousewasfallingapart.“Wewouldplaceacaneagainst[thewindow]toholditclosed.Ifanyonetouchedit,itwouldfall.Weusedtokeepthedoorshutby

placingthesofaagainstit.”

Today,thewhitefloor,irondoors,functionalwindowsandrunningwatertellthestoryofahouse

thatbecameahome.

Vera’shomerenovationwasmadepossiblebytheSocialTerritoriesproject,a

partnershipbetweenRiodeJaneiro’smunicipalityandUN-Habitat,whichprovidesdataonthemostvulnerableresidentsinRio’sfavelas.Theprojectmadeit

©UN-Habitat/ThayaneMassopust

possibleforthemunicipalitytocarryouthomeimprovementsfocusedonthewell-beingandhealthofresidents.

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ChildrenplayingintheimprovedpublicspacewithinthesocialhosinginSolo,Indonesia©KotaKita

Transformingneglectedpublicspacesintocommunityhubs

Likemanyothercities,Solo,Indonesia,grappledwithneglectedpublicspaces,particularlytheriverbankofPepeRiver,leadingtoissuesofspatialinequityandsocialdisconnection.

ThroughacollaborativeeffortinvolvingUN-Habitat,SurakartaCityGovernment,KotaKita,Urban+Institute,andAyokeTaman,theRiversasInclusiveCommonSpaceprogrammetransformedthe

riverbankintoavibrantpublicspace.

Over6months,morethan60residentsactivelyparticipatedinco-designingthespace.Now,MangkubumenHarmony

Parkbenefitsover80householdswithitscolourfulmurals,outdoorsports

facilities,playground,andaccessibilityfeaturessuchasrampsandhandrails.

Communitymemberscommonlyspeakabouttheparkbeingasourceofjoy.

Sri,anelderlywomanandlocalresidentspendshermorningsinthepark,

exercisingandvolunteeringtosweeptheparkgroundstokeepitpristine.

“Inthepast,thisspacewasinpoor

condition,butnow,wefeelgratefulthatourchildrenandgrandchildrencanplayinthispark,”Srisaid.“Ithasbecome

abrighterandhappierplacefortheresidents.”

AccordingtoIswanFitradias,Headof

PublicHousingTechnicalImplementationUnit,DepartmentofHousingandHumanSettlement-Surakarta,thisprojecthasinfluencedthegovernment’sapproachtodevelopment.

“Thispilotproject…hastriggeredtheintegrationofpublicspacecomponentsinthedevelopmentofthenewpublic

housing,”hesaid.

Togetherwithpartners,UN-Habitat

hasappliedthisinclusiveapproach

inEgypt,Jordan,KenyaandPeru,

equippingparticipantswithdigitaltoolstoassesspublicspacesandimplementimprovements,leadingtothecreationofgreenpublicspaces,revivedparksandenhancedaccessibilityofpublicspaces.

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LEAVINGNOONE

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Unlockingpeace,solidarityand

sustainabilitythroughcleanwateraccess

PartnershipAlliance(GWOPA)focusedonleveragingtheexpertiseofwater

operators,promotingcollaboration

andknowledgesharing,advocatingforbetterpolicies,andempoweringlocalcommunities.InNepal,thispartnershipledtocleanwaterandsanitation,alongwithcountlessrippleeffects.

“Thewaterqualityhasimproved,andithasnowbeenpossibleto…[clean]the

areaaswell.Itwillhaveapositiveimpactonourhealth,too,”saidNirmala,addingthatshewasrelievedtheissuehasbeenresolved,afteryearsofneglect.

In2023,GWOPAsupported19

waterandsanitationoperatorsin13

countriesincludingEthiopia,Indonesia,Kenya,Mali,Nepal,Peru,Senegal,

SierraLeone,Somalia,SouthAfrica,Tanzania,Tunisia,andZambia.Overthepast15years,GWOPAhasledtheglobalWaterOperators’Partnershipsmovement,supporting500utilitiesinover70countries.

IntheGodawarimunicipalityofNepal,

reliableaccesstocleanwaterand

sanitationserviceshasbeenasignificantproblemovertheyears.

“Therewerealotofdrinkingwater

problemsinLele,especiallyduring

monsoonseason[when]thewatergetscontaminated.Thisbroughtushealthhazardsthroughdifferentcontagiousdiseasesandepidemics,”saidNirmalaNagarkoti,memberoftheWaterSafetyPlanTeam,GodawariPralayaWASH

project.

Whenwaterisscarce,polluted,too

costlyordangeroustoaccess,itcan

causetensionsandconflictswithin

communitiesandcountries.Exacerbatedbycrisessuchasclimatechange,

armedconflict,andthemigrationcrisis,marginalizedcommunitiesoftenbearthebruntofwaterandsanitationissues.

Totacklethesewater-relatedchallenges,UN-Habitat’sGlobalWaterOperators

Report2023

actionintime

Supported

16local

governments

inadoptingpeople-centred

smartcitystrategiestoensureinclusive

andsustainableurbandevelopment

Supported

9regionalspatialdevelopment

plans

whichcoordinatepractices

andpoliciesinurbanplanning,

leadingtointegratedandbalanceddevelopment

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CartagenadeIndias,Colombia©S/MonicaHernandezAhman

URBANACTIONIS...

PROMOTINGPROSPERITY

Toenhancethesharedprosperityofcitiesand

regions,UN-Habitatpromotes:

Improvedspatialconnectivityandproductivity

Increasedand

equitably-distributed,locally-generated

revenue

Theexpanded

deploymentof

frontiertechnologiesandinnovation

OurImpactin2023

Supported

30local

governments

inover10countriesto

improvetheirfinancialpositionbenefitingmorethan500,000people

Supported

7citiesinBrazil

toimplementparticipatory

approachestoengagethe

populationinintegratedand

sustainabledevelopment,whichensuresequitableinclusionfor

marginalizedgroups

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PromotingintegratedurbandevelopmentinColombia

InColombia,jointeffortsbetweenUN-Habitat

andthemayor’sofficeofCartagenastrengthenedthelocalgovernment’scapacitytotransformandimprovethecity’sdevelopment.TheCartagenaprojectfostered