Unit5WorkingtheLand单元测试卷高中英语人教版选择性

UNIT5WORKINGTHELAND单元测试卷第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFoodsoftheFutureWeaskedyoungscientiststowriteanadvertisementthatanswersthisquestion:Howwillfoodoptions,foodavailability,andindividuals'foodchoiceschangeinthefuture?Aselectionoftheirsuggestedmarketingcampaignsisbelow.ReadpreviousNextGenVoicessurveyresultsatPersonalizedMealPlansSendusyourDNA,andwewillpredictyourfoodpreference!Receiveyourpersonalizedfoodbasket,withadaybydaydietprogram.Wewillsendyoufullmealsandpersonalizedsmoothies(水果奶昔)basedonyourgenetictastetendency.AdaGabrielaBlidnerTwitter:@adagbbFreshFruitIfyoumisssweettemperatefruits,weletoourMoonFarm.OurfruittreesareplantedinhybridsoilandartificialairthatreproduceEarth'senvironmentfrom5,000yearsago.PickfruitswithyourfamilyandwewillshipthemtoyourdoorstepwithMoonEx.Freshnessguaranteed.YongshengJiEmail:MeatOursteaksaresourcedfromnaturalgrasslands,wherecattlenowfilltheecologicalroles.WiththeFoodFootprintfeedingsystem,weenhancenaturalgrazing(牧场)toimproveanimalgrowtheffectivelywhileminimizingmethaneproductionandwaterconsumption.Atonly$219.00/kg(includingcarbontaxesandecologicaltaxes),oursteaksareaffordableforthewholefamily.FalkoBuschkeEmail:1.Whichofthefollowingneedsyoutoprovidetheinformationaboutyourgenes?A.Meat.B.FreshFruit.C.NextGenVoices.D.PersonalizedMealPlans.2.Whoshouldyoucontactifyouwanttohavefunwithyourfamily?A.JenniferSills.B.YongshengJi.C.FalkoBuschke.D.AdaGabrielaBlidner.3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthesteaksinMeat?A.Fresh.B.Green.C.Expensive.D.Personalized.BOrganicfarmingisatypeofagriculturethatbenefitsfromtherecyclinganduseofnaturalproducts.Theuseofdriedplantsnotonlysavesmoney,butalsoensuresthegrowthofcrops.Thetechniqueischaracterizedbytheuseofgreenmanure(肥料),biologicalpestcontrolmethodsandspecialfarmingtechniquestokeepsoilproductivity.Limitingtheuseofmanmadechemicalsorpletelydoingawaywiththemreducestheriskofdiseases.Today,organicfarmingisamajorandpreferredindustryaroundtheworld.Organicallygrownfoodproductshaveahugemarket,withfarmlandcoveringabout10%ofthetotalworldfarmlandcover.ThehardworkofSirAlbertHoward,the“fatheroforganicfarming”,haspaidoff.

AdvantagesofOrganicFarming:(1)Theeconomicsoforganicfarmingarecharacterizedbyincreasingprofitsthroughreducedwateruseandreducedsoilerosion(侵蚀).(2)Organicfarmingproducesthesamecropsasthoseproducedthroughtraditionalfarmingmethods,butuseshalftheenergy,andholds40%moretopsoil.(3)Farmingintheorganicwayenablesfarmerstogetridofweedswithouttheuseofanychemicals.(4)Theuseofgreenpesticidesisenvironmentallyfriendlyanddoesnoharmtohumanhealth.DisadvantagesofOrganicFarming:(1)Organicmethodsoffarmingproduceless,paredtotraditionalfarmingtechniques.(2)Organicagriculturedoeslittletofightglobalclimatechange.OrganicfarmingpracticesarerecognizedasgivingoutlessCO2,butnottoasignificantdegree.However,thoughtherearesomedisadvantagestoorganicfarming,farmswhereorganicmethodsforcroppinghavebeenusedhavemoreadvantagesthantraditionalfarms.Organicagricultureissurelybetterinthelongterm.4.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph1show?A.SirAlbertHowardworkedhardfornothing.B.SirAlbertHowardsucceededinorganicfarming.C.SirAlbertHowardspentallhistimeonorganicfarming.D.SirAlbertHowarddidn'texpectorganicfarmingtobesuccessful.5paredtotraditionalfarming,whatdoweknowaccordingtothepassage?a.Organicfarmingismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.b.Organicfarmingproducesalotmorefood.c.Organicfarminguseslessenergy.d.Organicfarmingresultsinmoreweedsinthefarmland.e.Organicfarmingisbetterforhumanhealth.A.abcB.acdC.aceD.bce6.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardorganicfarming?A.Anxious.B.Hopeless.C.Unclear.D.Optimistic.7.Whydidthewriterwritethispassage?A.Totellusthedevelopmentofagriculture.B.Totelluswhatkindoffoodisbeinggrownatpresent.C.Totelluswhyorganicfarmingissopopulararoundtheworld.D.Totelluswhatorganicfarmingisanditsadvantagesanddisadvantages.CAstudyshowedthatfarmswithsurroundingnaturalhabitatexperiencedthemostbenefitsfrombirds.Thestudy,publishedinJournalofAppliedEcology,wasconductedat21strawberryfieldsalongCalifornia'sCentralCoast.Itfoundthatbirdsweremorelikelytocarryfoodbornepathogens(病原体)andeatmoreberrieswithoutsurroundingnaturalhabitat.Thestudylookedathowdifferentfarmingpracticesinfluencedthecostsandbenefitsthatwildbirdsprovidedonthestrawberryfarms.Thescientistsbinednearly300birdsurveysandthetestsofmorethan1,000droppings'(鸟粪)samplesfrom55birdspeciestodeterminewhichbirdsatepests,beneficialinsectsandcrops,andcarriedfoodbornepathogens.Theyalsorankedbirdstoseewhichweremorelikelytobringbenefitsorcoststofarmlands.Barnswallows,forinstance,gota“goldstar”inthestudy.Theirmudnestsaremonlyseenattachedtotheundersideofeaves(屋檐),fromwhichtheyflyouttofields,searchingforinsects.Ratherthanresultinalistof“good”and“bad”birds,thestudyfoundthatmostbirdspeciesbroughtbothcostsandbenefitstofarmlands,dependingonhowthelandscapewasmanaged.Thepresenceofnaturalhabitatwasthesinglemostimportantdriverdifferentiatingafarmwherewildbirdsbroughtmorebenefitsthanharm.Growerswilltellyouit'simpossibletokeepbirdsoffyourfarm—youcan'tdothatanddon'twanttofromaconservationperspective.“Natureismessy,andbirdsareplex,”theresearchersaid.“Thebestwecandoisunderstandhowtotakeadvantageofthebenefitswhilereducingtheharm.”Arelatedstudyin2020foundthatstrawberryfarmswithsurroundingnaturalhabitatattractedmoreinsecteatingbirdsandfewerstrawberryeatingbirds.Suchhabitatsalsobringgreaternumbersofbirdspeciestothelandscape.Alltogether,thesestudiessuggestthatfarminglandscapeswithnaturalhabitattendtobegoodforconservation,farmers,andpublichealth.8.Whatdoesthestudyfocuson?A.Pathogensfoundonthestrawberryfarms.B.Thespeciesofbirdsnearfarmers'fields.C.Theeffectofbirds'naturalhabitatonfarming.D.Damagetocropsandstrawberriesonthefarm.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutbarnswallows?A.Theycanbringbenefitstofarmland.B.Theyaregoodatnestingontherocks.C.Theywilladdtothecostsoffarming.D.Theyaremorelikelytocarrysomeviruses.10.Whatmainlyconcernstheresearchers?A.Howtokeepwildbirdsofffarms.B.Howtomaximizethebenefitsofbirds.C.Howtorunmorefarmswithsurroundingnaturalhabitats.D.Howtobalancetheprotectionofbirdsandfarmprofits.11.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Morebirds,morestrawberriesB.Farms—thenaturalhabitatsofwildbirdsC.BringingoutthebestinwildbirdsonfarmsD.ThenaturalhabitatsofbirdsarebeingdestroyedDTheworld'sfirst3Dprintedwoodloghive(蜂箱)isanewprojectdevelopedbytheLACRIMAFoundationinEdinburghtoreducethetroublingdeclineofhoneybeepopulationsaroundtheworld.TheLACRIMAFoundationisacharitythatis“mittedtotheconservationandprotectionofoneoftheEarth'smostimportantinhabitants”.ThecharityteamedupwithbeekeepersinEuropetoworktowardsarewildingapproachthatwouldofferbeesanaturalnestinghabitatand,inturn,createresilience(复原力)amongbeemunities.Honeybeesareoneofthemostimportantpollinators(授粉者),andalthoughtheymayseemsmallandinsignificant,theyarevitalfortheproductionofourfood—wecouldn'teatwithoutthem!However,inrecentyears,beepopulationshavebeenseverelyimpactedbythegrowingclimateemergencyandourintensiveagriculturepractices,includingtheoveruseofpesticides.Withhelpfromlocalpartners,theFoundationcreated3Dprintedwoodloghives,whichallowthebeestoliveinanundisturbedecosystemwheretheycancarryouttheirlives.Theyinstallthesehivesinhighsectionsoftreetrunkstosimulate(模拟)naturalconditionsforthebighoneybeepopulations.VinceMoucha,chairmanoftheLACRIMAFoundation,said,“Eventhoughthereareotherpeopleandorganisationsworkinginthefieldofnaturalbeekeeping,theimpact,progressandscopeoftheseprojectsareminimalandslow,duetolimitedaccesstoresourcesandclearvision.Iamdrivenbyresponsibilityandhavedecidedtoactonitduetotheurgencyandimportanceofthismatter.”TheFoundationwillcontinuetoworkwithbeekeepersintheUK,Europe,andtheUnitedStatestohelpourbeepopulationssurviveandthriveforthemandus!CheckouttheLACRIMAFoundation,whereyoucanseetheirmissionandmakeadonationtothecauseandevengetahoneybeegiftbracelet(手链)inreturn.12.WhatistheprojectoftheLACRIMAFoundationaimedat?A.Developingnewhabitatsforstrugglingbees.B.Increasingtheproductionofhumanfood.C.Teamingupwithbeekeepersforfundraising.D.Studyingthecauseofbees'populationloss.13.WhydoestheFoundationputhivesinthehightrees?A.Tomodelthenaturalhabitatsforbees.B.Toprotectbeesfromtheclimatecrisis.C.Tohelpbeesavoidpesticides.D.Totestthefirst3Dprintedhives.14.WhatcausedVinceMouchatostarttheproject?A.Theeffectofotherorganisations.B.Theprogressofotherprojects.C.Theresponsibilitytocareaboutpeople.D.Thedifficultpositionofbees.15.Whatdoestheauthorcallonustodointhelastparagraph?A.BenefitfromtheFoundation.B.Helpbeessurvivewithbeekeepers.C.SupporttheworkoftheFoundation.D.LiveinharmonywithNature.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。VeganAgricultureVeganfarming(全素农业)hasbeemoreandmorepopular.Itisoneofthemostenvironmentallyfriendlyformsofagriculture.Veganfarmingisagoodwaytogrowplantssuchasvegetableswithoutusinganimalderivedmaterialssuchastheirwaste.36Suchanapproachtofarmingalsohelpspreservetheenvironmentandregainsoilrichnessandimproveitsbiodiversity.

37Organicfarmingusesnaturalproductstogrowplants—thatcanincludeevenanimalwasteasfertilizers.Ontheotherhand,veganagriculturerejectsanimalderivedproductsandusuallystickswithplantbasedorganicpounds,whichmeansthat,ingeneral,veganagriculturehasstricterrulesthanorganicfarming.

Additionally,veganfarmingusuallychoosesmorenaturalwaystoprotecttheplants,likebreakingcyclesofplants'diseaseswithmixedcropping(混作),usingmechanicalbarriers(机械屏障)suchasnets,orevenattractingopposingorganismstofighttheharmfulones.38However,theymightbelesseffectiveagainstcertainplantdiseasesorpests.

Oneofthereasonstodevelopveganagricultureisthattheveganwayoffarmingreplacessynthetic(合成的)pesticidesandusesorganicpesticidesorothernonchemicalmethodstoprotectthecrops.Bycontrast,inconventionalagriculture,syntheticpesticidesareonaveryhighlevel.39

Inthefuture,itisofgreatsignificancenottorelyonanimals'wastetofeedplants.Doingsoisnotonlybeneficialtovegans.40Eveniftoday'smethodsofveganagriculturemightnotbeperfect,scientistsworldwide,togetherwithveganfarmers,areworkingtowardsdevelopingplantbasedsolutionsasalternativestoanimalderivedfertilizers.

A.Accordingly,theamountoftheminfoodproductsismuchhigher.B.Also,veganfarmersarefarfromapplyingsyntheticfertilizers.C.Itisapparentthatveganagricultureisnotthesameasorganicfarming.D.Intoday'sworld,thevegandietandlifestyleareincreasinglypopular.E.Butit'salsogoodforthewholeworld,includingotheranimalsandplants.F.Thesewaysaffecttheenvironmentlessthanthewaysoftraditionalfarming.G.Theriseofveganismcreatesnewdemandformoreveganfriendlyagriculture.16.17.18.19.20.

第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Igrewupasthe“baby”ofmyfamily.Iwasthe21ofthreesons.Mybrotherswerefiveandsevenyearsolderthanmeand22mostofthesmallroutinetasksthatmymomanddadneededtodoaroundthehouse.Ispentmostofmytimeridingmybike,playingbasketball,walkinginthewoods,orreadingbooksbythe23inthecoldwinter.Ispentmy24withallthefunandnoneoftheresponsibility.

BythetimeIenteredmyearlyteens,25,bothofmybrothershadmovedoutofourhome.Mydadhadinjuredhisbackseriouslyandbee26.Later,wemovedtoamountaintophouseheatedbyastove.Isoon27thatIdidmoreworkthanIhadeverdonebefore.I28ourgardeninthespringandsummer.InthefallIcutandpiledwooduptokeepus29inthewinter.AndallyearroundI30heavycontainersofwaterfromamountainspringbacktoour31sothatwecouldhavewatertodrinkandcookwith.

AtfirstI32andwasn'tsatisfied.Afterawhile,Ibegantofind33inhelpingmyparents.IsangtomyselfwhileIpiledwoodupandsmiledwhileIcarriedwater.I34foundmyselfhelpingmymomwiththedinnerandcleaningdishes.IstartedtorealizesomethingthatIwouldcarrywithmetherestofmy35too:Whenyourworkisdoneinlove,itisn'tjustwork.

B.laziestC.youngestD.strangestB.handledC.removedD.weighedB.fenceC.treeD.stoveB.adulthoodC.effortsD.moneyB.thereforeC.otherwiseD.insteadB.disabledC.dishonestD.distinguishedB.remendedC.indicatedD.worriedB.weededC.visitedD.advertisedB.apartC.safeD.warmB.returnedC.pipedD.storedB.houseC.hotelD.campB.quitCplainedD.wanderedB.pityC.painD.joyB.seldomC.aloneD.againB.cashC.lifeD.expense第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Farmingstartedearlyinmanyplacesaroundtheworld.TheancientfarmersofSumerintheMiddleEastusedoxen(牛)forploughingandhadspecialmethodsofwateringtheirfields.Thesefarmingmethodsmadeitpossiblefor36countrytohavelargearmiesin37(defend)ofit,whichhelpedspreadtheirculture.

CultureinEgyptdevelopedforsimilarreasons.TheEgyptiansdevelopedan38(amaze)systemofwateringfieldsfromtheNile.Theability39(feed)manypeoplefromverylittlelandaroundtheNilehelpedEgyptbuildalargeandstrongcountry.TheEgyptians'watersystemswerecopiedanddevelopedbyfarmersaroundtheworld.

Cropslike40(tomato),beansandseveralotherplantsweredevelopedintheWest.ThenativepeopleinNorthAmericausedafarmingmethod41(call)“thethreesisters”.Thesethreevegetables—beans,cornandsquash(瓜类蔬菜)—aregrowntogether,42helpsthesoilstayhealthy.Themethodisstill43(wide)usedtoday.

InCentralAmerica,thefarmersoftheAztecculturecutlargestepsintothesidesoftheirhillstogetmorefarmland.Aztecsweremostfamous,however,44creating“floatinggardens”.Wetareasaroundlakescouldn't45(use)forfarming,soAztecfarmerscreatedislandsontheedgesofthelakestogrowcropson.

36.37.38.39.40.

41.42.43.44.45.

第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)在你了解“共和国勋章”获得者袁隆平的事迹后,想在班级的英语角写一篇短文向同学们介绍这位“杂交水稻之父”,内容包括:1.袁隆平的贡献;2.对你的启发。注意:词数80左右。参考词汇:共和国勋章theMedaloftheRepublic

第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Aftersixhoursoffishing,JohnFranklinandhissisterJanewerereadytocallitaday.Itwas7pm.Thesummersunwassetting,andthefisheshadstoppedbiting.ButJane's12yearoldsonConradwashavingsomuchfunthathebegged“Let'sdojustonemorerun.”Sincethemildweatherwasholdingout,whynot?Johnturnedtheboataroundandheadedback.Yet,youneverknew.Theyhadn'tevencasttheirlineswhenthewindpickedupsuddenly.Roughwavesbeganbattlingagainstthelittleboat.“Checkyourlifejacketsandholdtheboat!”Johnshouted.AsJaneandhersonwereonthepointofscreaming,twobigwavesrolledover,onerightaftertheother.Withinafewseconds,theboattipped(倾斜),backwardandturnedover,throwingthreeofthemintothewater.Outoftheworst,theluckiestthingwasthattheyhadlifejacketsonandtheboatdidn'tsinkimmediately.Everyonegrabbedontoit.“Let'sgetbackintheboat,Mommy,”Conradcried,tremblingwithfear.“Don'tpanic.Peopleknowwe'reouthere,”Janefortedhim.“They'llsendhelpsoon.”Treadingwater,theadultsexchangedworriedlooks.Theywerefloatinginthemiddleofnowhere.“Iknewwewereinatightspot,”saidJohn,athirdgenerationmercialfishermanwho,likeJane,hadbeenraisedonthebay.Whenastrongwindblewabouthalfanhourwithnosignofdyingdown,theyhadtomakesomedecisions.IthadbeenaperfectJulyday,withthewateratatemperate20degreescentigrade,buteveryonewascoldby9pm.Iftheyweren'trescuedsoon,theymightnotsurvivethenight,Johnrecognized,buttheclosestshorelinewasaboutthreemilesaway,litbyonlyafewglowinghouselights.注意:续写词数应为150个左右。Lookingatthelightsinthedistance,Johnaskedhissisterinalowvoice,“ShouldIdoit?”

Aboutthreehourslater,Johnreachedtheshorelineandsawthehouseinlights.