河北省唐山市十县某中学2022-2023学年高二年级下册期中考试英语试卷(含答案)

河北省唐山市十县一中2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

学校：___________姓名：班级：___________考号：

一、阅读理解

SahanaVij,thegranddaughterofIndianimmigrants,hasalwaysbeensurroundedbyfood.

HermothertaughthertomaketastybreadandFrenchtoastwhenshewas5.Now18,Vijisa

self-taughtbakerwho'ssharingherrecipeswiththeworldthroughhernewcookbook,Bake

Away.

Featuring20ofheroriginalrecipes,BakeAwayhasbeenintheworkssinceherfirstyear

ofhighschool.IthittheshelvesonOct.26,2021.Eachrecipeinthecookbookistiedtoa

location.Thefirst,forCPSbread,isinspiredbyVij'smemoryofpickingfruitinher

grandfather^gardeninTemescalValley.

TheUniversityofCaliforniaIrvinefirstyearstudentintendstomajorinliterary

journalismandminorinenvironmentalscience,butbakingisinherblood.6tIwanttoworkat

newspapersormagazinesandwritecolumns,specificallyabouttheenvironment.Iloveto

write,butmydreamjobistoownmyownbakery,“Vijsays."That'sreallymypassion."

“UCIwasagoodfitformebecausemyfamilyisaroundme,“Vijsays."Familyisa

reallybigpartofmylife——somethingIcandependon——andIgovisitthemalot.Each

BakeAwayrecipecomesfromadifferentcityandadifferentexperienceI'vehadwithmy

family.,9

HerfavoriteistheUDistrictcake,influencedbytheteasheusedtosharewithher

motherontheirmonthlytripstoSeattle'sUniversityDistrict.uIfsmywholefamily'sfavorite

recipebecauseitjusttastessogoodandbecausewe'vebeenmakingitmoreasafamilyover

thepastyear.Ifskindofbecomeafamilyrecipe."

TheprofitsfromBakeAwaywillgotoNoKidHungry,anonprofitworkingtoendchild

hunger."Growingup,mymomandmyfamilywerereallyinvolvedinvolunteering,andI

alwayswantedtogiveback,“Vijsays."IdecidedtopartnerwithNoKidHungry,especially

becausethebookinvolvesfood."

1.WhydoesVijlovebakingsomuch?

A.Itbringshermoneyandfame.

B.Itispartofhernatureandmemories.

C.Shewantstomakehermotherhappy.

D.Shetriestokeeptheimmigrants9tradition.

2.WhatcontributestoVij'sbookmost?

A.Hercollegeeducation.B.Hercouragetochallenge.

C.Hersenseofresponsibility.D.Hergoodfamilyattachment.

3.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.RecipeforChangeB.PowerofLove

C.SuccessofaBookD.FightforPassion

AremenOK?Mostlikely,they911nevertellyou.Only21%ofmensaytheyreceived

emotionalsupportfromafriendwithinthepastweek,comparedto41%ofwomen,according

toa2021surveybytheSurveyCenteronAmericanLife.Similarly,just25%ofmensay

they'vesaid“Iloveyou“toafriendrecently,asopposedto49%ofwomen.

Ifspartofan“epidemic（流行病）ofloneliness“thatdirectorLukasDhontsayshe

wantedtoexploreinhisnewdrama“Close”,whichisOscar-nominated（提名）forbest

foreignlanguagefilm.Itfollowstwocloseteenboys.

“Close“beginswithLeoandRemiduringsummervacation:running,bikingand

sleepingtogetherinthepeacefulBelgiancountryside.Theythinknothingoftheirclose

connection一sharingbedsatsleepoversorrestingtheirheadsoneachother9sshoulders一

untiltheyreturntomiddleschool,wheretheyareteasedbytheirclassmates.Consequently,

LeostartsavoidingRemiandjoinsahockeyteam.Remi,meanwhile,becomesdeeply

depressed.

“Weliveinthissocietythatteachesyoungmentostopcaringfortrustyconnectionsand

bemoredistantwithemotions/9Dhontsays.Thereareallsortsofsocialstandardsthatlead

menandwomeninverydifferentdirectionswhenitcomestofriendship.Partoftheproblem

isthatyoungmenareencouragedtobuildshoulder-to-shoulderfriendshipsinteamsportsor

groupactivities,ratherthanone-on-onerelationships.Someparentsmightsayifthey're

watchingtheirboysplayalotofsportsandcompetewithanotherguy,thatmaybemore

typical.Whereasifthey'reseeingthemhavelong,privatediscussions,thatwouldtendtogo

againstgender（性另U）expectations.

Hollywood"bromantic“comediesalsotendtomakelightofmalefriendship,ratherthan

giveittheweightitdeserves.Butfilmslike“Close“canhelpshowyoungmenpositive

examplesofmalefriendship."Theyneedtohaverolemodelsandactuallyseemenbeing

closewiththeirfriends/9Fager,amentalhealthexpertsays.Iftherearenoexamplesaround

themofmalelove,andtheyarejusttoldthatclosefriendshipwithmenishealthyandnormal,

themessagewon'tstickandthewoundwilllast.”

4.WhatisLukasDhont'snewdramamainlyabout?

A.Middleschoollife.B.Malefriendship.

C.Genderdifference.D.Dramaperformance.

5.Whatismainlydiscussedparagraph4?

A.Whypurefriendshipisimportant.

B.Whatcanbeexpectedfromthesociety.

C.Howthesocietythinksboysshouldbehave.

D.Whetherchildrenmeettheirparents9expectations.

6.WhatcanbeinferredfromFager?

A.Rolemodelshelpbuildmalefriendship.

B.Youngmenshouldwatch“close"more.

C.Advocatingpubliclyworksformalefriendship.

D.Bromanticcomediesinfluenceyoungmenbadly.

Ifyou'veeverfelt""butterfliesinyourstomach“whennervous,you'relikelygetting

signalsfromanunexpectedsource:yoursecondbrain.Hiddeninthewallsofthedigestive

system,this“braininyourgut（肠道）"isrevolutionizingmedicine'sunderstandingofthe

linksbetweendigestion,moodandhealth.Scientistscallthislittlebraintheentericnervous

system（ENS肠神经系统）.

TheENSistwothinlayersofmorethan100millionnervecellsliningyourgut.Unlike

thebigbraininyourhead,theENScan'tcalculateorcomposealovenote."Itsmainroleis

controllingdigestion/9explainsJayPasricha,M.D.,directoroftheJohnsHopkinsCenter.

“Theentericnervoussystemdoesn'tseemcapableofthoughtasweknowit,butit

communicatesbackandforthwithourbigbrain.^^Fordecades,researchersanddoctors

thoughtthatanxietyanddepressioncontributedtogutproblems.ButPasricha'sresearch

showsthatitcanalsobetheotherwayaround.

Ourtwobrains"talk"toeachother,sotreatmentsthathelponemayhelptheother.Ina

way,doctorswhotreatdigestiveconditionsarelikeadvisorslookingforwaystocomfortthe

secondbrain.Psychologicalapproachesalsohelptoimprovecommunicationsbetweenthe

bigbrainandthebraininourgut.

Pasrichasaystheresearchsuggeststhatdigestive-systemactivitymayaffectthinking

skillsandmemorytoo.“Thisisanareathatneedsmoreresearch,somethingwehopetodo

hereatJohnsHopkinsJhesays.

7.Whydoestheauthormention"butterfliesinyourstomach^^inparagraph1?

A.ToshowthepoweroftheENS.

B.Toprovetheoriginoftheidiom.

C.Toexplainwhyyou'reverynervous.

D.Toengagethereaderswiththetopic.

8.WhatdoesPasricha'sresearchtellus?

A.ThemainroleoftheENShaschanged.

B.Depressioncontributestogutproblems.

C.TheENSaffectswhathappensinthebrain.

D.Gutproblemsaredifferentfromwhattheywere.

9.WhatisthebenefitofPasricha'sresearch?

A.Ithelpstopreventstomachproblems.

B.Itleadstofurtherbrainimprovement.

C.Itcreatesnewtreatmentopportunities.

D.Itgivesaguideforbettercommunication.

10.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theresearchprovesquitefruitful.

B.Thereisstillmoretolearnaboutmind-gutlink.

C.Digestive-systemactivityhasotherbadinfluence.

DPasrichaisdeterminedtoimprovepeople'smemory.

二、七选五

11.Therearefrequentreportsontheneedofvolunteersinsomanycharitable

organizations.Sometimes,peopledon'tknowhowtogetstartediftheywanttobecomea

volunteer.①

Whenapersonislookingforvolunteeropportunitiesanddoesn'tcareaboutwherehe

volunteers,agoodwaytolookforjobsisthroughlocalvolunteercenters.②They

canhelpyoutochooseavolunteerpositionthatwilltakeadvantageofyourworkorlife

experience,andsomevolunteerpositionsdointerviewjobapplicantsorrequiretheyhavea

certainkindofexperiencebeforehiringthem.Otheremployersandcompaniesarewillingto

takeonanyonewhohasenthusiasmforthework.

(3)Theymightwanttohelpatananimalshelterorworkinahospital.Thebest

routemaybetocontactsuchfacilitiesandfindoutwhatvoluntaryprogramstheyhave

available.

Itisnotalwaysnecessarytolookatnot-for-profitcompaniestofindvolunteer

opportunities.Plentyofindividualsandfor-profitcompaniesmightbenefitfromvoluntary

helptoo.Avolunteerwhohelpsaneighborwithhouseworkcanbemakingabigdifference

toacommunity.（4）

Whenpeoplewouldprefertobecomeavolunteerinamoreformalway,thereareafew

tipstofollow.Considerlookingforvolunteerjobsaslookingforpaidwork.Itcanhelptoput

togetheraresume（简历）andacoverletterexplainingwhyvolunteeringwouldbepersonally

satisfying.⑤Readingsomeguidestoresumewritingandinterviewsmayhelp

peoplesecurethevolunteeropportunitytheywant.

A.Volunteeringcanpromotegoodneighbourhood.

B.Thesecenterslistvolunteerpositionsinvariousfields.

C.Thereareactuallymanywaystobecomeavolunteer.

D.Sometimespeoplewanttovolunteerinspecificwork.

E.Greatvolunteeropportunitiescanbefoundineverycommunity.

F.Mostorganizationshavedifferentjobstobedoneforvolunteers.

G.Whenattendinginterviews,peopleshouldbedressedappropriately.

三、完形填空（15空）

Avideoofanurse'sattempttoraiseoneofherpatients9spiritsthroughmusichas

becomeextremelypopularontheInternet.

PennPennington,67,hasbeensingingatNashville'sGrandOleOpryfor23years.

1,thesedaysPennisspendingalotofhistimeattheCannonCancerCenter

2treatments.

Thetreatmentisnotpleasanttogothrough,butanurse,namedAlexCollazo,

3nottokeepthegoodsinger4,especiallysoclosetoChristmas.Soshe

broughtinherguitarandasked5,theycouldsingtogether.Theresultturnedoutto

bea6duet（二重唱）oftheChristmasclassic“OHolyNight“withharmonyandjoy.

Thisbedside7providedPennamuch-neededdistractionfromthetiringtreatment.

“He's8.somethingsoterrifying,whichisso9forhim,andthiswas

somethingIcoulddoforjustamomentintimetohelphim10hewasinthe

hospitalandwhatwasgoingon,“Collazosaid,justasPenningtontoldthepublication,"This

wasa（an）11forawhile.”

Notonlyhasthisperformance12Penn'sspirits,butithasalso

13theheartsofeveryonewhohaswatchedthevideo.It'sapowerfulreminderof

thehealingpowerofmusicandthespecial14thatcanformbetweenapatient

andanurse.Alexwentbeyondtoprovidecareforherpatient,takingherroleasacaregiverto

a15level.

12.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.InsteadD.Moreover

13.A.reservingB.offeringC.practicingD.receiving

14.A.askedB.promisedC.decidedD.managed

15.A.offB.onC.upD.down

16.A.howB.ifC.whenD.where

17.A.freeB.beautifulC.strongD.formal

18.A.performanceB.mannerC.conversationD.inspection

19.A.undergoingB.applyingC.ignoringD.recovering

20.A.mildB.fancyC.roughD.strange

21.A.realizeB.recallC.feelD.forget

22.A.memoryB.rewardC.escapeD.advantage

23.A.mentionedB.liftedC.keptD.controlled

24.A.touchedB.heldC.filledD.opened

25.A.loveB.bondC.teamD.band

26.A.basicB.promisedC.requiredD.new

四、短文填空

27.OnedayIwaswanderinginthestreetwhenI①(attract)bythe

advertisementabouttheAntarcticexpeditiononEndurance.Ihadbeendreamingofan

expeditiontotheSouthPolesoIapplied②aposition.However,Iwasrefuseddue

tomyageandlackofexperience.

SoenthusiasticwasIaboutgoingalongwithEndurance(3)Isecretlywent

aboardtheshipwiththehelpofmyfriendBakewell.Hidinginacupboard④I

livedonthefoodhebroughtme,IstartedmyexpeditiononEndurance.Unfortunately,Iwas

discovered⑤(immediate)afterwesetoff.Shackleton,thecaptainoftheship

Endurance,wasunhappybuthehadnochoicebut(6)(offer)meapositionof

stewardafterhepromised"Ifanyonehastobeeaten,youwillbethefirst."⑦

(assign)tobeasteward,Ithenservedthreemealsforthestaff.

Unexpectedly,Endurancesankwhen⑧(approach)Antarctic.Beforewe

abandonedtheship,Shackletoncalmlyaskedustorescuethemostessential⑨

(supply)insteadofour⑩(person)belongings.Wemanagedtosurvivebystaying

ontheice.

五、选词填空

28.从词汇框中选择合适的单词完成句子。

influentialdisciplinestimulateabandonbitterabsorb

rewardrefreshedsubmittedcomplicatedguaranteeblank

1.Thepoliceareofferingabigforinformationabouttherobbery.

2.Thecarisstillunder,soyoushouldbeabletogetitrepairedfreeofcharge.

3.Teachersshouldaskquestionsthatstudentstothink.

4.Throughrepeatedfailuresonelearnstokeeptryingtoachieveworthygoalsandto

unworthyones.

5.Hisreminderofherfailureleftatastetohermouth.

6.Realityismore,notassimpleasyouthink.

7.MymindwentcompletelyandIforgotwhatIwassupposedtobedoing.

8.Studentsshouldunderstandandwhatisappropriate.

9.Mostpeopleneedtoreadsomethingmorethanoncetoalltheideas.

10.Thefollowingmorningsheawoke,feelingenergeticagain.

六、完成句子

29.当你回来时不要指望在这儿找到我。

Don'trelyfindingmeherewhenyougetback.

30.因为我们的节目有奇妙的想法，所以应该很有观赏性。

Ourprogramshouldbelotsoffuntowatchsinceit'scomposedmagicalthinking.

31.在众多的关键点中，有一个尤其引起了我的注意。

Inanumberofkeypoints,oneparticularstoodouttome.

32.很明显汤姆表露出想与众不同的渴望。

ItisclearthatTomdisplayedadesiretosetfromothers.

33.千百万人响应救灾号召，慷慨解囊。

Millionsofpeoplegavefreelyinresponsethecallfordisasterrelief.

34.下个星期就要考试了，我没有时间参加社交活动。

theexamscomingnextweek,Ihavenotimeforasociallife.

35.有些人浪费粮食，有些人却吃不饱。

Somepeoplewastefoodothersdon'thaveenough.

36.生命的价值不在于活多长时间，而在于我们如何利用这些时间。

Itisnotthelengthofdays,buttheusewemakeofthemthevalueoflifeliesin.

37.他们把我的想象展现得栩栩如生。

Theybroughtmyvisionlife.

38.金融公司拒绝了他们的信用申请。

Thefinancecompanyhasturnedtheircreditapplication.

七、书面表达

39.按照书写格式和要求抄写以下内容。

Truefriendscanbehardtocomeby,buttheyaresoimportant.They'rethepeoplewho

standbyyoursidethroughthickandthin,serveasyourgo-to-travelbuddyandoftenoffer

youwordsofencouragementtokeepyoupositivenomatterwhatlifethrowsyourway.

八、读后续写

40.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短

文。

Jeremywasnotexpectedtoliveaftertheaccident.Hiscarwascompletelydestroyed

whenadrunkdriverdidnotstopattheredlight.ThecarhitJeremy'ssideofthecarand

pusheditintoatree.ManymonthslaterJeremystillhadtroublerememberinghisfamily.

Manythingsabouthispastweregone.Hehadanoticeablelimpwhenhewalked.

HisparentshadflowninfromMadisontobewithhimduringhistreatmentinChicago.

Nowhewasleavingthehospitalandheregainedmostofhismemory.Thedoctorswere

amazedthathehadsurvived,muchless,thathewouldbewalkingoutofthehospital.The

staffofthehospitalwerealltheretocheerhimontohislifeoutsideofthehospital.Whilehe

stillhadalotoftoughworktodowithhisrecovery,thedoctorswereoptimisticthathewould

regainhisphysicalabilities.

Jeremyhadplayedfootballathishighschool.Manyuniversitieshadexpressedinterest

inhavinghimcometoplayattheirschools,butnowbecauseoftheaccident,thatdreamwas

over.

WhenJeremyarrivedhomelate,hewentstraightintohisroom,whichwasfamiliarbut

feltstrange.Onthewallwasabigschoolfootballteampicture,inwhichthecoachandthe

teamplayerswerelaughinghappily.Lookingatthepictureandtheawardsonhisdeskhe

askedhisparents,uAmIgoingtogetbetter?Ihatebeinglikethis,“Jeremycriedinhis

mother'sarms.Hismotherheldhimclose,tearsdroppingfromhereyes.

Thenextday,earlymorningraysofsunlightwerecrossingthewindowandfallingon

Jeremy'sface.Heopenedhiseyesandstaredatthepictureandfeltbetter.Hewasdetermined

togethisoldlifeback.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.开头已给出。

Jeremywenttohisparentsandsaidhewasreadyforhisrecoverytreatment.

Severalmonthslater,Jeremywenttohiscoach.

参考答案

1.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“SahanaVij,thegranddaughterofIndianimmigrants,

hasalwaysbeensurroundedbyfood.HermothertaughthertomaketastybreadandFrench

toastwhenshewas5.Now18,Vijisaself-taughtbakerwho'ssharingherrecipeswiththe

worldthroughhernewcookbook,BakeAway.（SahanaVij是印度移民的孙女，她总是被食

物包围着。她5岁时，母亲教她做美味的面包和法式吐司。现年18岁的Vij是一名自

学成才的面包师，她通过自己的新食谱《BakeAway》与世界分享她的食谱）”可知，Vij

喜欢烘焙有一部分是源自于幼时的回忆也是由于自身的天赋。故选B。

2.答案：D

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“"UCIwasagoodfitformebecausemyfamilyis

aroundme,“Vijsays."Familyisareallybigpartofmylife-somethingIcandependon-andI

govisitthemalot.EachBakeAwayrecipecomesfromadifferentcityandadifferent

experienceFvehadwithmyfamily."（"加州大学欧文分校很适合我，因为我家人都在我

身边，”Vij说。“家人是我生活中很重要的一部分，是我可以依靠的东西，我经常去看

望他们。每个《BakeAway》食谱都来自不同的城市，以及我和家人的不同经历。”广

可知，Vij的这本食谱书承载了和家人一起的各种回忆，所以良好的家庭关系是这本书

成功的一大因素。故选D。

3.答案：A

解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第一段"SahanaVij,thegranddaughterofIndianimmigrants,

hasalwaysbeensurroundedbyfood.HermothertaughthertomaketastybreadandFrench

toastwhenshewas5.Now18,Vijisaself-taughtbakerwho'ssharingherrecipeswiththe

worldthroughhernewcookbook,BakeAway.（SahanaVij是印度移民的孙女，她总是被食

物包围着。她5岁时，母亲教她做美味的面包和法式吐司。现年18岁的Vij是一名自

学成才的面包师，她通过自己的新食谱《BakeAway》与世界分享她的食谱）”可知，Vij

通过自学成才成为了一名面包师，并出了一本食谱书。再根据文章第四段“"UCIwasa

goodfitformebecausemyfamilyisaroundme,^^Vijsays."Familyisareallybigpartofmy

life-somethingIcandependon-andIgovisitthemalot.EachBakeAwayrecipecomesfrom

adifferentcityandadifferentexperienceI'vehadwithmyfamily."。'加州大学欧文分校很

适合我，因为我的家人都在我身边，”Vij说。“家人是我生活中很重要的一部分，是我

可以依靠的东西，我经常去看望他们。每个《BakeAway》食谱都来自不同的城市，以

及我和家人的不同经历。”广可知，这些食谱都来自不同的城市和家人不同的经历。由

此可知，RecipeforChange（改变的食谱）适合作本文最佳标题。故选A。

4.答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“It5spartofan"epidemic（流行病）ofloneliness^^that

directorLukasDhontsayshewantedtoexploreinhisnewdrama“Close”,whichisOscar-

nominated（提名）forbestforeignlanguagefilm.Itfollowstwocloseteenboys.（这是“孤独

流行病”的一部分，导演LukasDhont表示，他想在自己的新片《亲密》中探索这一问

题。该片获得了奥斯卡最佳外语片提名。它讲述了两个亲密的十几岁的男孩。）”可

知，LukasDhont的新片主要讲述了男性之间的友谊。故选B。

5.答案：C

解析：主旨大意题。根据文章第四段'"'Weliveinthissocietythatteachesyoungmento

stopcaringfortrustyconnectionsandbemoredistantwithemotions,5,Dhontsays.Thereare

allsortsofsocialstandardsthatleadmenandwomeninverydifferentdirectionswhenit

comestofriendship.Partoftheproblemisthatyoungmenareencouragedtobuildshoulder-

to-shoulderfriendshipsinteamsportsorgroupactivities,ratherthanone-on-onerelationships.

Someparentsmightsayifthey'rewatchingtheirboysplayalotofsportsandcompetewith

anotherguy,thatmaybemoretypical.Whereasifthey5reseeingthemhavelong,private

discussions,thatwouldtendtogoagainstgender（T生另（|）expectations.。'我们生活在这样——个

社会里，这个社会教导年轻人不要再去关心那些值得信赖的关系，要与情感保持距

离，"Dhont说。当涉及到友谊时，有各种各样的社会标准导致男人和女人走向截然不

同的方向。问题的部分原因是，年轻人被鼓励在团队运动或团体活动中建立肩并肩的

友谊，而不是一对一的关系。一些父母可能会说，如果他们看到自己的儿子经常运

动，和另一个男孩竞争，那可能更典型。然而，如果他们看到他们进行长时间的私人

讨论，这往往会违背对性别的期望。）”可知，第四段主要讲述的是社会对于男孩行为

的标准。故选C。

6.答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“"Theyneedtohaverolemodelsandactuallysee

menbeingclosewiththeirfriends,Fager,amentalhealthexpertsays.Ifthereareno

examplesaroundthemofmalelove,andtheyarejusttoldthatclosefriendshipwithmenis

healthyandnormal,themessagewon'tstickandthewoundwilllast.”（心'理健康专家Fager

说：“他们需要有榜样，并实际看到男性与朋友的亲密关系。如果他们身边没有男性之

爱的例子，而只是被告知与男性建立亲密友谊是健康和正常的，那么这种信息就不会

根深蒂固，伤口也会持续下去。”广可知，榜样对于男性友谊的建立非常重要。故选

Ao

7.答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ifyou'veeverfelt"butterfliesinyourstomach^^

whennervous,you5relikelygettingsignalsfromanunexpectedsource:yoursecondbrain.

Hiddeninthewallsofthedigestivesystem,this“braininyourgut（肠道）"isrevolutionizing

medicine'sunderstandingofthelinksbetweendigestion,moodandhealth.Scientistscallthis

littlebraintheentericnervoussystem（ENS肠神经系统）.（如果你在紧张的时候感到“肚子

里七上八下”，你很可能从一个意想不到的来源得到了信号：你的第二大脑。这种隐藏

在消化系统壁上的“肠道大脑”正在彻底改变医学对消化、情绪和健康之间联系的理

解。科学家称这个小大脑为肠道神经系统。）”可知，作者提到“butterfliesinyour

stomach”的目的是为了向读者引出本文的主题，也就是一隐藏在消化系统壁上的“肠道

大脑”正在彻底改变医学对消化、情绪和健康之间联系的理解。故选D。

8.答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段'"'Itsmainroleiscontrollingdigestion,,,explainsJay

Pasricha,M.D.,directoroftheJohnsHopkinsCenter."Theentericnervoussystemdoesn't

seemcapableofthoughtasweknowit,butitcommunicatesbackandforthwithourbig

brain.^^Fordecades,researchersanddoctorsthoughtthatanxietyanddepressioncontributed

togutproblems.ButPasricha'sresearchshowsthatitcanalsobetheotherwayaround.（“它

的主要作用是控制消化，”约翰霍普金斯中心主任JayPasricha医学博士解释说。“肠道

神经系统似乎没有我们所知道的思考能力，但它与我们的大脑来回交流。”几十年来，

研究人员和医生认为焦虑和抑郁会导致肠道问题。但Pasricha的研究表明，情况也可

能相反。厂可知，肠神经系统会影响大脑。故选C。

9.答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Ourtwobrains"talk"toeachother,sotreatments

thathelponemayhelptheother.Inaway,doctorswhotreatdigestiveconditionsarelike

advisorslookingforwaystocomfortthesecondbrain.Psychologicalapproachesalsohelpto

improvecommunicationsbetweenthebigbrainandthebraininourgut.（我们的两个大脑相

互“交谈”，所以对一个大脑有帮助的治疗可能对另一个大脑也有帮助。在某种程度

上，治疗消化疾病的医生就像顾问一样，寻找安慰第二大脑的方法。心理学方法也有

助于改善大脑和肠道大脑之间的沟通。）”可知，Pasricha的研究为以后的治疗提供了更

多的治疗思路。故选C。

10.答案：B

解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Pasrichasaystheresearchsuggeststhatdigestive­

systemactivitymayaffectthinkingskillsandmemory,too."Thisisanareathatneedsmore

research,somethingwehopetodohereatJohnsHopkins,5,hesays.（Pasricha说，研究表

明，消化系统的活动也可能影响思维能力和记忆力。“这是一个需要更多研究的领域，

我们希望在约翰霍普金斯大学做一些事情，”他说。）”可知，关于消化系统和大脑之间

的联系，还有更多需要研究的方面。故选B。

11.答案：CBDAG

解析：①根据上句提到的“有时候,如果人们想成为一名志愿者，他们不知道如何开始”,

结合下文作者给出的具体建议可推知,C项“实际上有很多方法可以成为一名志愿者”既

承接上文说明有很多方法可以帮助人们成为志愿者，同时也引出下文作者给出的建议，符

合题意。故选C。

②空前提到“当一个人正在寻找志愿者的机会，而不关心在哪里做志愿者时，一个寻找工

作的好方法是通过当地的志愿者中心”，空后提到“它们可以帮助你利用工作或生活经验

选择一个志愿者职位……”，:B项“这些中心列有各个领域的志愿者岗位”延续上文内容,

同时也和空后内容保持一致，都是介绍志愿者中心可以提供的服务，符合题意，其中

centers为词汇复现。故选B。

③空处为段首句。下文谈到他们可能想在动物收容所帮忙或者在医院工作,D项“有时

人们想自愿做一些特定的工作''与下文内容一致。其中"specificwork"与文中"helpatan

animalshelterorworkinahospital"呼应。故选D。

④空前提到“一个帮助邻居做家务的志愿者可以给社区带来很大的影响”,A项“志愿服务

可以促进睦邻友好”与上文内容一致，介绍志愿者工作对社区的益处，符合语境。故选

Ao

⑤本段主要是给想要以更加正式的方式成为志愿者的人提供一些建议，给出了写简历、

阅读写简历和面试指南等建议。G项“参加面试时，人们应该穿着得体”与上下文内容一

致渚B在讲如何以更加正式的方式成为志愿者。故选G。

12.答案：B

解析：考查副词词义辨析。67岁的佩恩•彭宁顿已经在纳什维尔的大奥普里演唱了23

年。然而，这些天佩恩花了很多时间在坎农癌症中心接受治疗。A.Therefore因此；B.

However然而；C.Instead反而；D.Moreover然而。根据后文“Pennisspendingalotof

histimeattheCannonCancerCentertreatments.”可知，前后构成转折关系，即

佩恩花了很多时间在坎农癌症中心接受治疗。故选B。

13.答案：D

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.reserving保留；B.offering提供；C.

practicing练习；D.receiving收到。根据后文“treatments.“可知，佩恩在医院中接受治

疗。故选D。

14.答案：C

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：治疗过程并不愉快，但一位名叫亚历克斯・科拉佐的

护士决定不让这位优秀的歌手失望，尤其是在圣诞节即将到来之际。A.asked问；B.

promised承诺；C.decided决定；D.managed管理。根据后文“nottokeepthegood

singer,especiallysoclosetoChristmas.”可知，亚历克斯•科拉佐的护士决定不

让这位优秀的歌手失望。故选C。

15.答案：D

解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.off远离；B.on开；C.up向上；D.down

下面。根据后文“Soshebroughtinherguitarandaskedtheycouldsingtogether.5,

可知，亚历克斯・科拉佐的护士决定不让这位优秀的歌手失望。故选D。

16.答案：B

解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：于是她把吉他拿来，问他们是否可以一起唱歌。A.

how如何；B.if如果；C.when当...时候；D.where哪儿。根据前文“asked”可知，护

士询问他们是否可以一起唱歌。故选B。

17.答案：B

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果是一首美妙的二重唱，圣诞经典歌曲“哦，神

圣的夜晚”和谐而欢乐。A.free自由的；B.beautiful美丽的；C.strong强壮的；D.

formal正式的。根据后文“duet（二重唱）oftheChristmasclassict40HolyNight"with

harmonyandjoy”可知，二人合唱了一首美妙的二重唱。故选B。

18.答案：A

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一床边表演让佩恩从疲惫的治疗中得到了急需的

分心。A.performance表演；B.manner礼仪；C.conversation对话；D.inspection检

查。根据前文“duet（二重唱）oftheChristmasclassicst0HolyNight"withharmonyand

joy”可知，二人的美妙二重唱让佩恩从疲惫的治疗中得到了急需的分心。故选A。

19.答案：A

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正在经历一些非常可怕的事情，这对他来说是非

常艰难的，这是我能做的一件事，只要一会儿，让他忘记他在医院里，忘记正在发生

的事情。A.undergoing经历；B.applying申请；C.ignoring忽视；D.recovering恢复。

根据后文“somethingsoterrifying”可知，他正在经历一些非常可怕的事情。故选A。

20.答案：C

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.mild温和的；B.fancy华丽的；C.rough

艰难的；D.strange奇怪的。根据前文“Thetreatmentisnotpleasanttogothrough”可知，

治疗对佩恩来说是非常艰难的。故选C。

21.答案：D

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.realize意识到；B.recall回忆；C.feel感

觉；D.forget忘记。根据后文“hewasinthehospital”可知，亚历克斯护士所做的事情是

让佩恩忘记他在医院中。故选D。

22.答案：C

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是暂时的躲避。A.memory回忆；B.reward回

报；C.escape逃跑；D.advantage优点。根据前文“thiswassomethingIcoulddoforjust

amomentintimetohelphimhewasinthehospitalandwhatwasgoingon.”可矢口，

亚历克斯护士通过与佩恩共同演奏美妙二重唱，让他忘记他在医院里，忘记正在发生

的事情，这是片刻的躲避。故选C。

23.答案：B

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次表演不仅振奋了佩恩的精神，也触动了每一个

看过视频的人的心。A.mentioned提及；B.lifted举起；C.kept保持；D.controlled控

制o根据后文“Pemfsspirits”以及"butithasalsotheheartsofeveryonewhohas

watchedthevideo.“可知，表演不仅振奋了佩恩的精神，也触动了每一个看过视频的人

的心。故选B。

24.答案：A