2023-2024学年广东省广州市越秀区高一（上）期末英语试卷

2023学年第一学期学业水平调研测试高一年级英语试卷本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B铅笔填涂答题卡上的相应位置。因笔试不考听力，选择题从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁；考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分)第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADoyoulikemuseums?HaveyoubeentotheLouvreinParis,theMuseumofAnthropologyinMexicoCityoranyofthoseother“mustsee”museums?Well,nowit’stimetogooffthebeatenpath.Therearesomemuseumsthattrytobealittledifferent.TheKimchiMuseum,Seoul,SouthKoreaIfyoudon’tknowaboutkimchi,atriptotheKimchiMuseumisaneye-openingexperience.Themuseumwasfoundedin1986tohighlightSouthKorea’srichkimchiculture.Theshowincludesdisplaysofcookingutensilsandmaterialsrelatedtomaking,storing,andeatingthefamouspickledvegetables.Themuseumalsoprovidesdetailsaboutthehistoryandnutritional(有营养的)benefitsofSouthKorea’smostbelovedsidedish.Finally,stopbythesouvenir(纪念品)shoptotryvarioustypesofkimchi.Don’tforgettobuyyourfavouritekindtobringhomefordinner!TheMuseumofGold,Bogota,ColombiaIfyouwanttoseebeautifulobjects,theMuseumofGoldistheplace.ItholdsoneofSouthAmerica’smostamazingcollections.Becausetheexhibits(展品)shinesobrightly,youcantakephotographswithoutusingaflashonyourcamera!Noteverythingismadeofgold,though.Amongtheexhibitsareancientpre-Columbianitems.Manyofthemaremadefromamixtureofgoldandcopper,knownastumbaga.Themuseumalsofeaturescoins,jewelry,andpiecesofrareart.TheChocolateMuseum,Cologne,GermanyTheChocolateMuseumwillteachyoueverythingaboutchocolate-fromcocoabeantocandybars.You’lllearnaboutchocolate’s3,000-yearhistoryanddiscoverhowitwasonceusedasmoneyinSouthAmerica.Didyouknowthatitwasn’tpopularinEuropeuntilthenineteenthcentury?Arealchocolatefactoryshowsyouhowchocolateismade.Afteryou’vefinishedthetour,youcanhaveafreedrinkofrich,stickypurechocolate-perfectforthosewithasweettooth.21．WhatisthemaincharacteristicoftheexhibitsintheMuseumofGold?A．Theyaremadeentirelyofpuregold.B．Theyareancientpre-Columbianitems.C．Theyshinebrightly,allowingflash-freephotography.D．Theyaremadeoftumbaga,amixtureofgoldandcopper.22．WhatdothemuseumsinSeoulandCologneinthepassagehaveincommon?A．Theydisplayamazingcollectionsofthefood.B．Theyoffervisitorsachancetotastethefood.C．Theysellvarietiesofsouvenirsaboutthefood.D．Theytellvisitorsthenutritionalbenefitsofthefood.23．Wherecanyoufindthispassage?A．Inatextbook. B．Inanadvertisement. C．Inabrochure. D．Inanencyclopedia.BMostofusknowabouthurricanes,droughts,andfloods.Butfromtimetotime,naturedeliversaweathereventthatisreallyunusual.Onedayin2005,peopleinasmalltowninSerbiasawanunusualsight.Itwasrainingfrogs!Withoutanywarning,theyfoundtheirstreetsfillingwiththelittlejumpingcreatures.“Therewerethousandsofthem,”onepersontoldalocalnewspaper.“Ithoughtperhapsaplanecarryingfrogshadexploded(爆炸),”saidanother.Scientistsbelieveatornadopassedoveralakeandsucked(吸)upthefrogs.Itthendroppedthemonthetown,faraway.Surprisingly,manysurvivedthefalltotheground.Asiftornadoesaren’tdangerousenough,somecanactuallybemadeoffire.Whenawildfirereachesveryhightemperatures,itcausestheairtoheatupandthenrise.Coolerairmovesquicklytoreplacethehotair.Thiscreatesstrongwinds,whichsuckupthefire.Whenthishappens-likeitdidin2014,inDenver,UnitedStates-afiretornadoiscreated.Atornadolikethiscanbecome15meterswideandgrowastallasa40-storeybuilding.Itisoneofnature’smostfrighteningcreations.In1942,hundredsofthousand-year-oldskeletons(骨架)werefoundundertheiceofLakeRoopkundintheHimalayas.Manyhadholesintheirskulls-buttheyweren’thurtinanyotherway.Foryears,thecauseoftheirdeathswasamystery.Today,scientiststhinktheywerekilledbygianthailstones.Hailstonesareballsoficethatformwhenraindropsturnintoice.Theicepiecesincreaseinsizeuntilthewindcannotholdthemup.Thisresultsinhailstonesfallingtotheground,oftenatspeedsofover160kilometersanhour.FortheunluckypeopleatLakeRoopkund,therewasnowheretorun.Sadly,theywereallkilledthatday.24．WhydidthefrogsappearinSerbiaonedayin2005?A．Alargefloodwashedthefrogsdown. B．Thefrogswerebroughtbyheavyrains.C．Aplanecarryingthefrogshadexploded. D．Thefrogsweredroppedbyastrongwind.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”refertoinparagraph3?A．Hotairrisesfromthefire. B．Strongwindssuckupthefire.C．Coolerairremovesthehotair. D．Wildfiresreachhightemperatures.26．WhatcanweknowabouttheskeletonsatLakeRoopkund?A．Theywereturnedintoiceballs. B．Theyhadnosignsofinjury.C．Theyshowedtheforceofnature. D．Theywerehundredsofyearsold.27．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．WhenStrangeWeatherStrikes B．ProtectOurselvesInDisastersC．TheGreatPowerofNature D．WhatCausesExtremeWeatherCGuangzhouhaslongbeenfamousforvariouskindsofflowersandlocalpeoplehavedevelopedtheirenthusiasmforflowerssincethetimeofNanyueKingintheWesternHanDynasty,whichwasfoundedover2,000yearsago.Accordingtohistoricalrecords,intheWesternHanDynasty,bloomingflowerswereseeneverywhereinancientGuangzhou,alsoknownasCanton.Manypeople,whethermenorwomen,woreflowersasdecorations(装饰).TherewereevenmorevarietiesofflowersandplantsgrownintheroyalgardenownedbyZhaoTuo,thefounderofNanyueKingdom.DuringtheTangandSongdynasties,Huadi,thelandofflowersinChinese,locatedinpresent-dayFangcunareaofGuangzhou,waswhereDatongPort(港口),amajorharborforforeigntrade,lay.Manybusinessmenfromdifferentplacesbroughtvariousflowerseedstotheportbysea,turningalargewetlandintoflowerfields.Besides,Cantonesefarmersalsogrewflowersonthefarmlandsofthirty-threevillageslocatedsouthofthePearlRiver.Theflowertradealsocontributedtotheboom(繁荣)ofCanton,whichwasthestartingpointoftheancientMaritimeSilkRoad(海上丝绸之路).AsearlyastheWesternHanDynasty,peopleofLingnanregionhadsailedtoSriLanka.IntheTangandSongdynasties,ashippingrouteofover14,000kilometerswasestablished,allowingpeopletotraveltoasfarasthePersianGulf.DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,severalocean-crossingrouteshadconnectedCantonwithmanyotherpartsoftheworld.IntheperiodofEmperorQianlongintheQingDynasty,Cantonwasservedastheonlyportopenforforeigntrade.StartingofffromtheLingnanregion,allkindsofflowersfoundtheirwaytotheWest,includingcamelliaandChineserose,whichweredevelopedintomorevarietiesinonly300years.TheancientMaritimeSilkRoadplayedakeyroleinsupportingthesellingoflocally-grownflowersoftheLingnanregiontoothercountries.ItalsobroughtspecialforeignflowersfromcountriesandregionsalongtheroutetoCanton,whichpromotedthecity’sfameforgivingpeopleexcellentviewsofblossomsofflowersinallseasons.28．What’sthefunctionofparagraph2?A．Tointroducethetopic. B．Tomakeacomparison.C．Toraisereaders’interest. D．Tosupportthecontentabove.29．WhatwasHuadiknownforduringtheTangandSongdynasties?A．BeingamajorharborforforeigntradewithinChina.B．Developingnewvarietiesofflowersinonly300years.C．Growingvariousflowerseedsbroughtbybusinessmen.D．ServingasthestartingpointoftheMaritimeSilkRoad.30．Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A．TheancientMaritimeSilkRoadledtotheflowertradeinCanton.B．EmperorQianlongpaidspecialattentiontoCanton’sdevelopment.C．Cantondevelopedintothestartingpointofthelongworldtraderoute.D．TradewithforeignersdecreasedtoalargedegreeintheQingDynasty.31．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．HuadihadanimportanteffectonthedevelopmentofCanton.B．Canton’seconomicsuccessrootsbacktotheWesternHanDynasty.C．Thelong-standingtraditionofflowercontributedtoCanton’shistory.D．TheMaritimeSilkRoadwasformedduetotheflowertradeinCanton.DOneyearafterWildAidstarteditsnewprogramtoprotectoceanwildlifeinChina,Chineseworld-famouspianistLangLanghasjoinedthelatestpubliccampaign(运动),“PlayYourPartintheOceansSymphony”onFriday.Thecampaignvideopublicserviceannouncement(PSA)impressedthepublicwithLangLangplayinghissong“Stay”,greatlycallingattentiontothebeautyandimportanceofprotectingthemarinelifeinChina’swaterssuchaswhalesharks,seaturtles,dolphinsandspottedseals.Anewseriesofmessagescallsonthepublictohelpprotectmarinebiodiversity(生物多样性)bysupportingmarineprotectedareas(MPAs)andtheprotectionofoceanwildlife.ThecampaignvideoPSAandbillboards,whichwillbedisplayedacrossChina,werereleased(发布)ataBeijingpresseventhostedbyWildAid,withChinaGreenCarbonFoundationandtheFirstInstituteofOceanographyoftheMinistryofNaturalResources(FIO)askeypartners.Rankedamong“theworld’s100mostinfluentialpeople”byTimemagazine,LangLanghasservedasWildAidambassadorformorethan12years,contributedtoprotectingendangeredwildlifeandnature.Speakingattheeventhesaid,“wecanallplayourpartinprotectingouroceansbytakingsimplesteps,suchasrefusingtoeatendangeredwildlifesuchasseaturtles,reportingillegalwildlifetrade,andreducingtheuseofsingle-useplastics.”WildAidalsodesignedonlineactivitiesforthiscampaigninwhichLangLanginvitesuserstore-createhissong“Stay”throughthetwomostpopularsocialplatformsinChina:WeiboandTikTok.LangLangjoinedthiscampaignfollowingasurveyreportconductedbyWildAidandFIOthatdiscussespublicawarenessofMPAsandmarinebiodiversityinChina.Thereportfindsthatmorethan80%ofthesurveytakersbelievethatMPAsareveryimportant,buttheirunderstandingofthefunctionsofMPAsislow.Morethanhalfdonotknowtheterm“marinebiodiversity”andhavenotreceivedenoughinformationaboutmarineprotection.“PlayYourPartintheOceansSymphony”campaignPSAandbillboardswillbegivenoutatoutdoorplacesacrossChina,reachingmillionsofviewers.32．WhatisthepurposeofthelatestPSAofWorldAid?A．ToshowthespecialbeautyofmarinelifeinChina’swaters.B．TostresstheimportanceofprotectingChina’soceanwildlife.C．Tocallonthepublictosupportmarineprotectedareas(MPAs).D．Toinviteworld-famouspianistLangLangtojointhecampaign.33．WhatdoesLangLangaskpeopletodotoprotecttheoceanlife?A．ReportillegalwildlifehuntingtoFIO. B．Stopeatingendangeredwildlife.C．Re-createhissong“Stay”online. D．Callonfriendstojointhecampaign.34．Whatisoneofthefindingsofthesurveyreport?A．LotsofChinesedonotclearlyknowhowtoprotecttheoceanlife.B．TheChinesepublicwouldliketohelpprotectmarinebiodiversity.C．TheChinesepublicawarenessofmarinebiodiversityshouldberaised.D．WeiboandTikTokarethetwomostpopularsocialplatformsinChina.35．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribethecampaignPSA?A．Interesting. B．Demanding. C．Beneficial. D．Enjoyable.第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。There’sapartofyourbrainthatprocessesfaces.It’slocated,accordingtoscientistNancyAusten,inthearea“justbehindandunderneath,andabitfromyourrightear.”It’scalledthefusiformgyrus(花状回).36.You’lltellyourself,“That’sBob”Italsosendsoutmessagestootherpartsofthebodythataddemotionstotheinformation,suchas“Ilikehim.He’smyfriend.”37whenanaccident,illness,orhereditarygene(遗传基因)breakstheconnectionsbetweenthefusiformgyrusandotherpartsofthebrain?Therearepeoplewhomayseeaparticularperson’sfaceeverydayoftheirlivesandstillnotrecognizeit.Theyseeanose,teeth,andcheeks,butwhentheseareputtogether,theycannotkeepamemoryofit38.Researcherssaythatasmanyas1in50peoplesufferfromsomeformofthecondition.39AnotherbestknownsuffererofprosopagnosiaistheneurologistandpsychiatristDrSacks,afamousauthorofthebest-sellingbooks,oneofwhichwasmadeintoanOscar-nominatedfilm.Asalifelongsuffererofextremefaceblindness,Sackshassaidthathisconditionissoseverethatheoftendoesn’trecognizehisownface.Sufferersoffaceblindnessmustdevelopotherwaysofrecognizingcoworkers,friends,andfamily.40JaneGoodallsays,“Iusuallymakeupforitbypretendingtorecognizeeverybody.Andthen,iftheysay,‘Butwehaven’tmetbefore,’Isay,‘Well,youlookjustlikesomebodyIknow.’”A．ButwhathappensB．SowhatcanpeopledoC．Wheneveryouseesomeoneyouknow,ittellsyouwhoheisD．JaneGoodallhasspentallhertimeinstudyingchimpsinthewildE．JaneGoodall,theworld’sleadingexpertonchimps(黑猩猩),hasitF．Themedicaltermforthisconditionisprosopagnosia,morecommonlycalledfaceblindnessG．Theyremembersinglefeaturesinstead,suchasaspecificstyleofclothing,oranextratoothysmile第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Mia,ColinandLaurentwillbecomeblind,probablyinadulthood.Theyhaveadiseasethathasno41treatments(治疗)andthecellsinthemiddleoftheeyes,usedforseeingincolorandforeverydayactivitieslikereading,willdiefinally.Asaresult,itgraduallytakesawaytheir42.Whenthemother,Edithknewthis,shehuggedherhusband,Sebastienin43,saying,“Everythingwehopeforourchildren,fortheirfuture,forwhattheycouldbecome,hasto44”Sotheideaofayear-longtripwas45,onethatwouldshowthekidstheworld,notthrough2Dpicturebooksandlecturesinaclassroom,but46andclose-up,frommountainstovalleysandwaterfalls.Forthenexttwoyears,EdithandSebatiensavedmoney,47placestovisitandaskedtheirchildrenwhattheywantedtodoontheirbigtrip.Inearly2022,theystarted.EdithandSebatien48theirjobs,rentedouttheirhomeforthenextyearandgatheredtextbookssothekidscouldstudyFrenchandmathematicsafewtimesaweek.Therestofthetime,theywouldbe49fromtheworldaroundthem-the50teacherofall.Eachday,EdithandSebatienwatchedtheirkidschange,51andemotionally.Thefamilyitselfgrewmuchcloserandprotectiveofeachother,whichhelpedwhenthey52difficultsituations.Aftertravelling83,700kilometersandvisiting13countries,thekidsthoughtaboutwhattheyhavelearnedabouttheworldandthemselves.Theysaid,“There’salotof53andpoverty(贫穷),butlotsofgoodandinterestingthings,too.Kidsarekidseverywhere,justlikeus,butwiththeirown54andtraditions”Fortheparents,theyknowthereisstillsomehopebuttheythinklittleofit,becausetheywanttheirkidstolive55lives,whethertheyareblindornot.41．A．basic B．effective C．special D．complete42．A．hearing B．sense C．sight D．feeling43．A．tears B．advance C．words D．force44．A．end B．reduce C．change D．experience45．A．done B．born C．understood D．found46．A．forall B．ontime C．withrespect D．inperson47．A．researched B．collected C．created D．explored48．A．lost B．organized C．quit D．discussed49．A．telling B．learning C．hearing D．going50．A．wisest B．purest C．kindest D．best51．A．physically B．differently C．particularly D．personally52．A．thoughtabout B．benefitedfrom C．cameacross D．referredto53．A．sickness B．regret C．misunderstanding D．suffering54．A．beliefs B．customs C．interests D．ideas55．A．full B．easy C．long D．positive第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。MinorCold,alsocalledXiaohan,isthe23rdsolartermofthe24traditionalChinesesolarterms,whichmarks56startofthecoldestdaysoftheyear.Thoughit’scalled“MinorCold”,therehaveonlybeenafewyears57thetemperatureduringthisperiodwashigherthanthefollowing“MajorCold”.ManyChinese58(say)usetheweatherandclimatesituationduringMinorCold59(predict)theweatherinthefollowingspring.Still,bittercoldcan’tpreventpeoplefromenjoyingtheirlives.DuringMinorCold,peoplealwaysstartstoringNewYeargoods,60(include)NewYearpictures,papercutsforwindowsandlanterns.Asforseasonalfood,muttonhotpot,chestnutsandbakedsweetpotatoesarethree61(recommend),foodsforMinorCold.AccordingtotraditionalChinesemedicinetheories,peopleneedtoeatfoodwithmoreyangenergytopreventcoldfromharming62(they)healthTheyangenergyinthethreetypesoffood63(improve)throughtheirmethodsofcooking:boiling,stirfryingandbaking.AnotherimportanttraditionalfoodforMinorColdisLabaporridge.LocalpeopleinBeijingoftencookLabaporridge64thenightoftheseventhdayofthetwelfthlunarmonth.MinorColdisalsothe65(bus)timefordoctorsoftraditionalChinesemedicine.ManypeopleneedthemtopreparenewmedicinesbeforetheLunarNewYear.第四部分写作（共三节，满分40分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）结合句意及所给的中文提示，用单词的适当形式填空，每空一词。66．Thebusstoparoundthecornerisprobablythemost______(方便的).67．Thepresidentmadean______(官方的)visittotheneighbourcountryinMarch.68．Thediaryprovidesaclear______(描述)offarminglifeinthe1850s.69．Attheendofthegame,playerstraditionally______(交换)shirts