轮机英语题库

《轮机英语》题库新题目练习2251.Thedatatoberecordedonthissheet_____theperformanceoftheengine.A.makestheexpertstojudgeB.enablestheexpertstojudgeC.maketheexpertsjudgingD.enabletheexpertstojudge此表所记录的数据能够使专家判断出发动机的操作性能2252.Cooling_____theenginemetalsretaintheirmechanicalproperties.A.forcesB.enablesC.makesD.isableto冷却使发动机保持机械性能。2253._____thateverythingintheenginecrankcaseiscorrect,startupthecrankcaselubricatingoilpumpA.TosatisfyB.TobesatisfiedC.AftersatisfyingD.Afterbeingsatisfied确定发动机曲轴箱一切正常后，启动润滑油汞。2254、Hearingastrongnoise,_____atonce.A.theenginestoppedB.theenginewasstoppedC.hestoppedtheengineD.hehadstoppedtheengine引擎发出巨大响声后，应迅速关闭发动机。2255.Thetwo-strokecyclebeginswiththepistoncomingupfromtheBDC,withthescavengingportsinthesidesofthecylindersbeing_____.A.openB.uncoverC.coveredD.closed活塞从BDC中开启后二行程循环开始，同时汽缸边上排除废气的气门也随之打开。2256.Theterm“moderatespeed”waspreviouslyinterpretedasmeaningaspeedwhichwouldenableavessel______withinhalftherangeofvisibility.A.stoppingB.beingstoppedC.tostopD.tobestopped“平均速度”过去被解释为停止在轮船视野一半的速度。2257.Hardlyhadtheenginestarted______thetemperatureofthecoolingwatersuddenlyroseupto40℃.A.thenB.thanC.whenD.after当温度突然升至40度时，引擎开启。2258.______duringthelastrepair?A.DidyouhaveNo.4cylinderrepairB.DoyouhaveNo.4cylinderrepairedC.Didn’tyouhaveNo.4cylinderrepairingD.Didn’tyouhaveNo.4cylinderrepaired难道最近你没有修理4号汽缸吗？2259.Themainengineiscooledwithfreshwater______isaddedsuitablesmallquantitiesofchemicalstopreventcorrosion.A.inwhichB.onwhichC.towhichD.bywhich引擎的主要部分由淡水冷却，是为了加入少量的化学成分以防止腐蚀。2260、.Theexhaustportsarelocatedaroundthelowerpartofthecylinderliner,______theproductsofcombustionaredrivenbyscavengingair.A.inwhichB.bywhichC.throughwhichD.fromwhich排气口位于汽缸底部，燃烧物受到排出气体的驱使。2261、Whenenteringafoaminjectedspace_____breathingapparatus.A.putoutB.putonC.takeoffD.takein当进入泡沫注入空间，打开通气设备。2262、.Theexhaustvalveisopenedataboutthesametime_____theairinletportsareopenedA.beforeB.afterC.whenD.until排气阀门与进气口同时开启。2263、______,wecontinuedliftingoutthepistons.A.LateasitwasB.AsitwaslateC.SinceitwaslateD.Becauseofitslate因为晚了，继续提升活塞。2264、______doesittaketochangethemainenginefromaheadtoastern?A.HowmanytimesB.HowmuchwaterC.HowlongD.Howlength从船首到船尾改变主发动机需要多长时间？2265、Wehaveplannedtoremovethepistonwiththehelpofassistantengineersduringthecargounloading,whilethevessel______portShanghai.A.reachestoB.getsC.callsonD.callsat轮船停靠在上海港，我们计划在卸载货物时，在副工程师的帮助把活塞移开。2266、______,thefollowingpossiblecausesshouldbeinvestigated.A.ShouldtheenginestopwithoutapparentreasonB.TheengineshouldstopwithoutapparentreasonC.TheenginestopswithoutapparentreasonD.Theengineisstoppedwithoutapparentreason发动机无缘无故地停止，应该调查一下原因。2267、Thedifferencebetweenasuperchargedengineandanun-superchargedengineisthat______.A.thelaterB.thelatterC.theformerD.thefarmer增压式发动机和不带增压发动机的区别是前者。2268、_____canbefoundonmostmediumtolargemerchantvesselsevenifthemainengineiseitherasteamturbineor2-strokecrossheadengine.A.Themediumspeed4-stroketrunkpistonengineB.Thelowspeed2-strokecrossheadengineC.Themediumspeed2-strokecrossheadengineD.Thelowspeed4-stroketrunkpistonengine不管主发动机是蒸汽轮机或二冲程十字头式发动机，都可以在大多数大中型商船上建立低速二冲程十字头式发动机。2269、_____allowstheenginetobeplacedwhereverismostsuitable,astheynolongerhavetobealignedwithreductiongearingandshaftingasisthecasewithconventionalinstallations.A.DieselenginepropulsionB.DieselelectricpropulsionC.SteamenginepropulsionD.Gasturbinepropulsion柴油机电力推进使发动机安置在最合适的地方，不再需要像通常情况下那样与减速齿轮和轴系想结合。2270、Mediumspeedengineshavea_____powertoweightratiothantheslowspeedtwostrokes,butduetothehigherspeedstendtohave_____maintenanceintervals.A.higher/reducedB.higher/increasedC.lower/reducedD.lower/increased中速发动机比低速二冲程具有更高的功率重量比，但由于较高的速度往往减少维修时间。2271、.Thepurposeoftheskirtortrunkinfour-strokecycleenginesistoactinasimilarmannertoa_____.A.crossheadB.crownC.pistonrodD.connectingrod2272、.Thefour-strokecycleissocalledbecauseittakes_____tocompletetheprocessesneededtoconverttheenergyinthefuelintowork.A.twostrokesofthepistonB.fourstrokesofthepistonC.onerevolutionofthecrankshaftD.fourrevolutionsofthecrankshaft被叫做四冲程循环，是因为用四杆活塞完成将能量转换成燃料的工作2273、Inthesuctionstroke,thecrankshaftisrotatingclockwiseandthepistonismoving_____thecylinder.Theinletvalveis_____andafreshchargeofairisbeingdrawnorpushedintothecylinderbytheturbocharger.A.up/openedB.down/openC.up/closedD.down/closed在吸气冲程中，机轴顺时针旋转，活塞移至汽缸。进气阀打开的同时，空气通过涡轮增压器被拉出或推进汽缸。2274、Itisduring_____thatworkenergyisbeingputintotheengine;duringtheother3strokesofthepiston,theengineishavingtodothework.A.thesuctionstrokeB.thecompressionstrokeC.theexpansionstrokeD.theexhauststroke在膨胀冲程中，能量输入发动机；在其他三杆活塞，发动机不得不工作。2275、Pressurizedairentersthecylinderviatheinletportsandpushestheremainingexhaustgasfromthecylinderinaprocessknownas“_____”.A.chargingB.superchargingC.scavengingD.exhausting压缩空气通过进气口进入汽缸并挤压剩余废气的过程被叫做“排气”。2276、Thebedplatemustberigidenoughtosupporttheweightoftherestoftheengine,andmaintainthecrankshaft,whichsitsinthebearinghousingsinthe______,inalignment.A.longitudinalgirdersB.transversegirdersC.foregirdersD.aftgirders水平放置的横梁——台板，必须足够的坚硬以支撑发动机的其余部分和维护机轴。2277、.Basicallythebedplateconsistsoftwo______,whichrunthelengthoftheengineA.longitudinalgirdersB.transversegirdersC.foregirdersD.aftgirders基本上台板由两根纵向梁组成，由发动机的这一头延生到另一头。2278、TheA-framescarrythecrossheadguidesandsupporttheengine______.A.foundationB.seatingC.entablatureD.bedplateA型构架物运载十字头滑道，支撑发动机台口。2279、Topreventexcessive_____inthetransversegirders,thetieboltsarepositionedasclosetothecenterofthecrankshaftaspossible.A.thermalstressesB.bendingmomentsC.thermalloadsD.surfacetensions在横梁中为避免过多的弯矩，拉杆螺栓应尽可能地靠近机轴中部。2280、Becausethetieboltsaresoclosetothecrankshaft,someenginesemploy______toholdthecrankshaftmainbearingcapinpositioninsteadofconventionalstudsandnuts.A.throughboltsB.jackboltsC.tapboltsD.fittedbolts因为螺栓和机轴离得很近，一些发动机采用安装螺栓支撑主轴承，而不是传统的螺栓和螺帽。2281、Thecrankshaftsonthelargemodern2-strokecrossheadenginesare______big______makesasasingleunitandsoareconstructedbyjoiningtogetherindividualforgings.A.enough/toB.too/toC.such/soD.so/that在大型的现代二冲程十字头型发动机上的曲轴由于过大而不能作为一个单一机组，因此是由单个的铸件连在一起构建而成。2282、.Thecrankpinsandjournalsweremachinedandmatchingholesboredinthewebs,whichwereslightly______indiameter.A.smallerB.largerC.higherD.lower曲柄销与曲轴颈是被加工而成并与连接板上所钻的孔相吻合，而这些孔的直径要稍微小一些。2283、Today,crankshaftsforlarge2-strokecrossheadenginesareofthe______type.A.semi-builtB.built-upC.solidforgedD.individualforged今天，大型二冲程十字头发动机的机轴是采用半建成方式。2284、The______ofthesemi-builtmethodoftheconstructioncrankshaftisthatbymakingthetwowebsandcrankpinfromasingleforgingthegrainflowinthesteelfollowsthewebroundintothecrankpinandbackdowntheotherweb.A.advantagesB.disadvantagesC.poweradvantagesD.powerdisadvantages2285、Theconnectingrodisfittedbetweenthecrossheadandthecrankshaft.Ittransmitsthefiringforce,andtogetherwiththecrankshaftconvertthe_____motiontoa_____motion.A.rotary/reciprocatingB.upanddown/foreandaftC.foreandaft/upanddownD.upanddown/rotary连杆之间装有横梁和曲轴。它传送热能，与机轴一起由上下运动转换为旋转运动。2286、Theslippersrun______inthecrossheadguidesasthepistonandrodare______andpreventthetopoftheconnectingrodfrommovingsideways.A.upanddown/reciprocatingB.upanddown/rotatingC.backandforth/reciprocatingD.backandforth/rotating由于活塞与连杆交替摆动并且防止连杆顶部向侧面移动，所以滑裙在十字头导槽内上下运行。2287、.Becausethetopoftheconnectingrodswingsaboutthepinandchangesdirectioneachtimethepistonreachesmid-stroke,therelativespeedbetweenbearingandpinatmid-strokeiszero,______toamaximumasthepistonapproachestoporbottomdeadcenterandthen______backtozeroagainasthepistonapproachesmid-strokeandtheconnectingrodchangesdirection.A.accelerates/deceleratesB.accelerates/acceleratesC.decelerates/deceleratesD.decelerates/accelerates2288、Theloadonthecrossheadpinisalways______,soitisthe______halfofthebearingwhichissubjecttowear.A.upwards/topB.upwards/bottomC.downwards/topD.downwards/bottom十字头的负荷总是向下的，所以轴承的下半部总是受到磨损的。2289、Becauseofthehighloadsthebearingmaterialisatin-aluminumalloybondedtoasteelshell.Thecrossheadpinishighlypolishedtoa______.A.flatsurfaceB.mirrorfinishC.slopingsurfaceD.inclinedsurface由于高负荷轴承材料是锡铝合金粘结成钢架。十字头是高度抛光的镜面精加工。2290、Oilissuppliedtothecrossheadusingaswingingarmora_____andissometimesboostedinpressuretoandefficientlubrication.A.telescopicpipeB.largeborepipeC.generatingpipeD.centralpipe十字头通过石油使用摆动手臂或套筒管，有时可推动压力和有效地润滑。2291、Becauseoftheresultinghigherpressuresinthecylinderfromthecombustionofthisgreatermassoffuel,andthelargerdiameters,thelinermustbemade_____atthetoptoaccommodatethehigherstresses,andpreventcrackingofthematerial.A.thinnerB.thickerC.smootherD.rougher由于更大质量燃油的燃烧与更大直径造成了汽缸内更高的压力，汽缸头套必须在顶部被做得更厚一些，以适应更强的压力并防止实体破裂。2292、Cylinderlinersfromolderlowerpoweredengineshadauniformwallthicknessandthecoolingwasachievedbycirculatingcoolingwaterthroughaspaceformedbetween_____.A.crownandskirtB.linerandjacketC.ringandgrooveD.jacketandblock低推动力的发动机汽缸套壁厚均匀，冷却是由冷却通过班轮和夹克之间形成了空间水循环实现。2293、Fuelhastobeinjectedintotheengineatahighpressuresothatit_____correctlyA.ispurifiedB.intimedC.iscompressedD.atomizes燃料在高压下注入发动机，并恰当地雾化。2294、Becausethetimingofinjectioniscrucial,_cams____mountedonthecamshaft,whichisdrivenbythecrankshaftareusedtooperatethefuelpumps,oneofwhichisprovidedforeachcylinderA.gearsB.ramsC.barrelsD.cams由于注射的时间是至关重要的，凸轮安装在凸轮轴，受到用于操作被提供给每个汽缸的燃油泵的曲轴驱动。2295、Thehigh-pressurefuelopensthefuelvalveandissprayedintothecylinderintinydropletsknownas_____.A.injectionB.penetrationC.atomizationD.compression高压燃料的燃料阀打开，并进入了被称为微小液滴喷射缸的过程叫做雾化。2296、Itisimportanttonotethattheinjectiononlytakesplacewhentheplungerismovingupthecam__slope___.A.basecircleB.slopeC.bottompointD.toppoint重要的是要注意，注射只发生在当柱塞向上移动凸轮斜坡的时候。2297、.Astheplungermovesupwardsinthebarrel,injectionwillcommenceoncetheplungerhas_____thespillportsandthepressurebuildsup.A.openedupB.closedoffC.linedupD.takenoff当活塞向上移动，活塞堵住回油孔压力增大时注入开始。2298、Itshouldbeevidentthattheamountoffuelinjectedintothecylinderisdependentonthepositionofthehelixrelativetothe______.A.inletportB.exhaustportC.spillportD.scavengeport很明显，燃料注入汽缸是依赖于螺旋结构与回油孔的位置。2299、Theplungerismachinedtoveryfinetolerances,asisthematched______inwhichitreciprocates.A.barrelB.ramC.pistonD.rod活塞的加工非常精细，在往复运动中要与桶相匹配。2300、Fuelsofdifferentqualitiesmayrequireadvancingorretardingtheinjectiontiming,inadditiontowhichiftheinjectiontimingisadvancedwhentheengineisrunningatloadsbelowthe______,thenasavinginfuelcanbeachieved.A.BHPB.MCRC.IHPD.MEP不同质量的燃油可能要求加速或者延滞喷注时间，除了如果喷注时间在发动机处于低于额定功率的负荷运行时被提前以外，那么燃油的节省就可以实现。2301、Injectorsonmodernenginesarecooledbyacombinationoftheintensiveborecoolinginthecylinderbyacombinationoftheintensiveborepocketsandbythefuelwhichisre-circulatedthroughtheinjectorwhenthefollowerisonthe______ofthecamorwhentheengineisstopped.A.slopeB.baseC.topD.bottom2302、_____theoxygencontentintheexhaustgas,_____thecombustionis.A.Thelower/theworseB.Thehigher/thebetterC.Thelower/thebetterD.Thehighest/theworst废气中氧气含量越少，燃烧越充分。2303、Toomuchexcessairis______becausetheheatgeneratedisbeinglostthroughtheexhausttrunkinginsteadofbeingmadeusedofinheatingthewatertoproducesteam.A.notgoodB.goodC.betterD.thebest空气过多并不好，因为产生的热量被排出，而不是用于加热产生蒸汽。2304、Onengineshavingoilcooledpistonsthelubricatingoilpre-heatermustbeputintooperationandtherateofheatingso______thatthetemperatureofthepistoncoolingoilreturnsare32to35℃overaperiodofatleasttwohours.A.slowB.quickC.arrangedD.high发动机上有燃油冷却活塞时，润滑油预热器必须投入使用，并且加热速度会被设定成使活塞对回油的冷却温度在经过至少2小时后达到32to35℃2305、Iftheenginecanbestartedandmaneuveredonhighviscosityfuel,the______ofthefuelreachingtheinjectorsshouldberaisedtosuchapointthattheviscosityislessthantherequiredvalue,i.e.27cSt.A.pressureB.temperatureC.viscosityD.density发动机使用高粘度燃油时，喷射燃料温度应提高到这样一点，粘度低于规定值，即27cSt。2306、Starttheturninggear,andwithsomeonehand-operatingthecylinderlubricatorsatregularintervals,andwiththeindicatorcocks______,andwiththecontrolgearinthe______position,givetheengineatleastonecompleteturnA.open/“stop”B.closed/“stop”C.open/“start”D.closed/“start”开启旋转装置，同时有人定期对汽缸润滑器进行手动操作，并且开启指示器旋塞，使控制装置处于停止位置，对发动机进行至少完整的运转一次。2307、Forafiretobegintheremustbepresentacombustiblematerial,oxygenorairto______combustion,andasourceofheatatatemperaturehighenoughtostartcombustion.A.beginB.supportC.lastD.extinguish燃烧具备的条件必须有可燃物，氧气或支持燃烧的气体，以及温度足够高的热源。2308、Indicationsof______arelossinpowerandirregularrunningoftheengine,highexhausttemperaturesofcorrespondingunite,highlocaltemperatureinscavengetrunk,surgingofturbocharger,andsparksandsmokeemittedfromscavengedrains.A.acrankcaseexplosionB.ascavengefireC.abnormalcompressionratioD.incorrectair/fuelratio2309、InshipswheretheengineroomisdesignedasUMS,temperaturesensorsarefittedatcriticalpointswithinthescavengespaces.Activationwouldcauseautomatic______oftheengine.A.stopB.startC.speedupD.slowdown轮机舱被设计成无人机舱，温度传感器是安装在扫气空间的临界点，被激活后将自动减慢速度。2310、Ifascavengefirestarts,theenginemustbeputto“______”andthefuelmustbetakenoffthecylindersaffectedbythefire.A.stopengineB.finishedwithengineC.deadslowaheadD.deadslowastern开始灭火时，发动机必须调至最低速度，燃料必须停止供应给受火灾影响的汽缸2311、Thelubricationtothecylindersaffectedbythefiremustbe______topreventseizureandallscavengedrainsmustbe______topreventthedischargeofsparksandburningoilfromthedrainsintotheengineroom.A.decreased/openedB.decreased/shutC.increased/openedD.increased/shut2312、Ifthescavengefireisofamoremajornature,ifthereisariskofthefireextendingorifthescavengetrunkisadjacenttothecrankcasewithriskofahotspotdevelopingitsometimesbecomesnecessaryto______theengine.A.stopB.startC.speedupD.slowdown2313、Fuelinjectionequipmentmustbekeptingoodcondition,timedcorrectly,andthe______ineachcylindermustalsobecarefullybalancedsothatindividualcylindersarenotoverloadedA.MIP(MeanIndicatingPressure)B.MCR（MaximumContinuousRating）C.MEP（MeanEffectivePressure）D.BHP（BrakeHorsePower）2314、Ifcylinderlinerwearisuptomaximumlimitsthepossibilityofscavengefireswillnotbemateriallyreduceduntilthelinersare______.A.polishedB.renewedC.adjustedD.ground如果汽缸套的磨损达到最大值，必须更换新的汽缸套否则本质上不会起到降低灭火的作用。2315、Theinjectionmaybedelayed,______thepumpsareingoodorder,ifthefuellinestotheinjectionvalveshavenotbeenclearedofair.A.becauseB.thoughC.sinceD.until尽管泵的情况良好，如果喷气阀没有排除空气，注入将会延迟。2316、Iftheactionoftheengineindicatesthatsomeofthecylindersarenotfiring,theonesaffectedmaybedeterminedbywatching______.A.thebadsmokeB.thesmokyexhaustC.theexhausttemperatureD.thepeakpressure如果发动机的表明一些汽缸并没有开火，影响它的因素是通过观察排除温度确定的。2317、If_____aretakenatregularintervals,anyunequaldistributionofloadwillbeeasilyfoundout.A.indicatordiagramsB.nomo-gramC.temperaturereadingsD.pressurereadings如果指标图是采取定期观察，任何负荷分配不均将很容易被发现。2318、Mosttroubleslikelytooccurwithmarinedieselenginecan,iflocatedintime,beremediedwithnodifficultyandmanycanbe______iftheengineismaintainedwithahighsenseofresponsibilitytothepeopleonthepartofthemotormenandengineers.A.foundoutB.eliminatedC.avoidedD.lowered2319、Thedieselengineissimilartothegasolineengineinthat______.A.bothofthemareignitedbycompressedairB.bothofthemaretheformsofexternalcombustionenginesC.bothofthemhavesparkplugsD.thepowerisdevelopedbythepistoninthecylinder柴油机发动机和汽油机发动机的相同之处是都由汽缸中的活塞运动产生功率。2320、Thereasonwhymoreandmoreofthelargemerchantvesselsarebeingpoweredbymedium-speeddieselenginesis______.A.theyoperatebetween150and450rpmB.theyareconnectedtothepropellerbygearingC.theirsmallersizeandweightD.theycanbeconnecteddirectlytothepropellerwithoutgearing越来越多的大型商船安置中速柴油发动机的原因是尺寸小，重量轻。2321、Gasturbinesdifferfromsteamturbinesinthat______.A.steamratherthangasisusedtoturnashaftB.vaporratherthangasisusedtoturnashaftC.theformerusesgastoturnashaftD.thelatterusesgastoturnashaft燃气涡轮不同于蒸汽轮机在于它使用天然气使轴运转。2322、.Coolingmakestheenginemetalstheirmechanicalproperties.A.RemainB.toremainC.retainD.toretain冷却使得发动机保持其机械性能。2323、Asuperchargedenginediffersfromanun-superchargedengine______itoperatesatanincreasespressure.A.inwhichB.onwhichC.atwhichD.inthat增压式发动机不用于不增压式发动机在于它在更大的压强下工作。2324、Defectiveatomizerinadieselenginewillleadto.A.smokyexhaustB.startingfailureC.overloadD.overspeed柴油机中的不完全雾化将导致黑烟排放。2325、Defectiveaircoolerinadieselenginewillleadto.A.smokyexhaustB.startingfailureC.overloadD.overspeed在柴油发动机中，有缺陷的冷却器将导致黑烟排放。2326、Defectivegovernorinadieselenginemayleadto.A.smokyexhaustB.startingfailureC.ignitionrelayD.overspeed如果柴油机中控速阀有问题，可能会导致超速。2327、Defectivetiminggearinadieselenginemayleadto.A.smokyexhaustB.startingfailureC.overloadD.overspeed如果柴油机中定时齿轮有问题，可能会导致启动失败。2328、Ifexhausttemperaturesaretoohigh,youshouldcheck______.A.aircoolerB.turbochargerC.chargeairD.A+B+C如果排气温度太高，应该检查空气冷却器，涡轮增压器和增压空气器。2329、Ifscavengeboxshouldbehot,_______wouldoccurA.seizedpistonB.defectiveatomizerC.scavengefireD.toomuchL.O.清除箱温度过高，可能会导致自燃。2330、Abuilt-up组合式exhaustvalveisoneinwhich______.A.thestemandheadsaremadeofdifferentmaterialB.low-alloysteelisusedthroughoutC.areplaceablevalvediskisweldedtotheheadD.theself-centeringactioncomesfrommotionofthevalvestemintheguide组合式排气阀的干和头部采用不同的材质。2331、Poorcombustioninadieselenginecanbecausedby_______.A.highcompressionpressureB.lowintakeairtemperatureC.lowexhaustpressureD.highscavengeairtemperature柴油发动机的不完全燃烧是由高空气温度引起的。2332、Whichofthefollowingmaycausethatanenginedoesn’tturnonstartingair?A.toolowstartingairpressure.B.mainstartingvalveclosed.C.neitherAnorB.D.AandB气压过低和主阀关闭使得发动机不能启动。2333、Combustionknock燃烧爆震canoccurinthecylindersofadieselengineunderanyconditionpermitting______.ashortenedignitiondelayperiodB.aleanfuel/airmixtureC.excessfuelinthecombustionchamberD.rapidvaporizationofinjectedfueldroplets燃烧爆震发生在柴油发动机的汽缸中，过多的燃料在燃烧室燃烧。2334、Toavoidscavengefiresoccurringtheenginetimingandequipmentmaintenance______A.shouldbecorrectlycarriedoutB.shouldcorrectlybetakenplaceC.shouldcarriedwithcareD.musttocarryoutwithgreatcare为了避免火灾的发生，发动机的记时以及设备的维护必须正确地执行。2335、Theviscosityregulatorcontrolsthefueloiltemperature______provideoilatthecorrectviscosityforcombustion.A.inorderthatB.becauseofC.inordertoD.owingto粘度调节器控制燃油温度以提供燃烧时燃油所需的正确粘度2336、Duringtheinspection,thestartingairvalvesshouldbeclosed______theenginefromturning.A.toincreaseB.tospeedupC.topreventD.toreduce在视察中，启动阀应该关闭以避免发动机启动。2337、Theusualmethodofeffectivelyapplyingfoamonafireisby______.A.sprayingdirectlyonthebaseofthefireB.flowingthefoamdownaverticalsurfaceC.sweepingthefirebeforeyouwiththefoamD.sprayingdirectlyonthesurfaceofthefire通常有效地运动泡沫灭火器的方法是在垂直表面向下流动泡沫。2338、Precisionenginebearinginsertsaremanufacturedwithasmallportionofthebearingendsextendingbeyondthebearinghousingorcaps.Theinstallationprocessofthesebearingsrequiressufficient______.A.overlapB.crushC.laporleadD.protrusion2339、Asforturbineoil,contactingwithwaterintheformofsteamwillbeinevitable不可避免的sogood______propertieswillbeessential.A.defrosting解冻B.de-oilingC.demulsifying抗乳化D.dehumidifying关于透平油，与蒸汽形成水是不可避免的，因此抗乳化器材是非常必要的。2340、The___engineisusedforalternatorsandsometimesformainpropulsionwithagearboxtoprovideapropellerofbetween90to120rpm..A.four-strokeB.two-strokeC.slowspeedD.reversible四冲程发动机用于交流发电机，有时也用做主要的推进剂量，为变速箱提供推进器，每分钟转速为90——120。2341、Tocorrectahuntingprobleminamainpropulsiondieselenginehydraulicgovernor,youshould______.A.increasethegovernoroilpressureB.adjustthespeeddroopsettingC.adjustthespeederspringtravelD.adjustthecompensatingneedlevalve为纠正主机液压调速器中的问题，需要调整补偿针阀，2342、Thelowersectionofapistoniscalledthe______.A.landB.skirtC.crownD.plate活塞的下面部分被叫做活塞裙部。2343、Whichofthefollowingcanbeobtainedbymeansofanindicatorcard?A.thepeakpressureinacylinder.B.thetemperatureofthecoolingwater.C.thefuelconsumption.D.noneoftheabove.以下哪一项被看做具有指示功能？耗油率。2344、Grindthe______.碾磨A.keywayB.shaftC.packingD.valve磨阀。2345、_____,theenginemustbestoppedimmediately.A.ShouldknockingoccurB.IfknockingoccurC.ShouldifknockingoccursD.Ifoccurknocking出现咔哒咔哒的故障声音，发动机必须立即停止。2346、Thethreebasicpartsofanyeductor喷射器arethenozzle,thesuctionchamber,andthe______A.injectorB.compressorC.diffuserD.siphon喷射器的三个基本部分是喷嘴，吸入室和扩散器。2347、Adieselenginewhichisratedfornormaloperationatacrankshaftspeedof800RPM,iscommonlyclassedasa______.A.slow-speeddieselB.medium-speeddieselC.high-speeddieselD.constant-speeddiesel一个柴油发动机的正常运行是额定转速为800曲轴转速，通常被叫做中速柴油机。2348、Thepressuredifferencebeforeandafterthelubeoilfilterindicates______thefiltershouldbecleaned.A.when？B.howC.whereD.whether润滑油过滤器中的差压表明过滤器需要被清洗。2349、Themechanicalefficiencyofanengineisalwayslessthan100%_____lossesoccurringintheformoffriction.A.becauseB.sinceC.duetoD.owingto发动机的机械性能总是小于100%是由于在摩擦中有消耗。2350、Energyloses______frictionoccursineveryengine.A.becauseB.thankstoC.duestoD.owingto由于2351、JamesWatt______thesteamenginein1796.A.discoveredB.haddiscoveredC.inventedD.hadinvented瓦特在1796年发明了蒸汽机。2352、Pumpupthestartingairreservoirstotheirmaximumpressureand______theairreservoirsandairsystem.A.openB.closeC.drainD.vent2353、Thefour-strokecyclebeginswiththepiston.A.comingupfromtheBDCB.comingupfromtheTDCC.comingdownfromtheBDCD.comingdownfromtheTDC四冲程循环开启于活塞从上死点移开。2354、______themoveableplateandfloatingringinsidethepumpisverydifficult.A.HavingadjustedB.BeingadjustedC.ToadjustD.Adjusted修整泵内的活动板和浮环非常困难。2355、Nosooner______thantheystartedtorepairthesludgepump.A.thesecondengineerhadgotintotheengineroomB.thesecondengineergotintotheengineroomC.hasthesecondengineergotintotheengineroomD.didthesecondengineergetintotheengineroom二管轮一进入轮机舱就开始修理污泥泵。2356、Theyoungmotormanaswellastheothers______tooperatetheoilseparatorA.haslearntB.havelearntC.learnD.arelearning年轻的电动机操作者得学会操作油分离器。2357、Beforedismantlingthepipe,wouldyou______theoilretainedinthehosewith______?flash/freshairB.wash/freshwaterC.flush/compressedairD.rush/dieseloil拆除管道前，你可以用压缩空气将石油保留在软管中。2358、Theoilsludgeisburntinthe______onboard.I’llshowyoutheashes.A.boilerB.mainengineC.auxiliaryengineD.incinerator在船上，油泥在焚化炉里燃烧，我会让你看道灰烬。2359、Inboilers,besidesmaintainingtheburneratomizers,airdiffuservanes空气扩散器叶片,fueltemperature,forceddraftfan送风机,fuelpumpandotherhardwareingoodcondition,therearesomeadjustmentsonthe______thatcanproduceagoodflameforthemostefficientoperation.A.fuel-airratioB.compressionratioC.fuelrackD.viscosityindex粘度指数2360、Deckmachinery,whichisalsoknownashullmachinery船体机械,includesallpowerdrivenequipmentlocated______themachineryspacesthatis______withthemainpropulsionplantA.inside/associatedB.inside/notassociatedC.outside/associatedD.outside/notassociated2361、0111.Thetransmissionsystemisthemeans______themovementoftherudderisaccomplishedA.bywhichB.towhichC.inwhichD.atwhich传输系统是通过舵的运动完成。2362、Therequiredrudderangleistransmittedhydraulicallyorelectricallyfromthesteeringwheelatthebridgetothe______atthesteeringgear,justabovetherudder.A.transmitterB.tele-motorC.hydraulicramD.hydrauliccylinder所需的舵角传播液压或电气在向远程桥梁方向盘在转向齿轮电机，略高于舵。2363、Inthevariabledeliverypump,movingthespindlemorefromthecentralpointwillcause______fluidtobepumpedandconsequently______pressureisgeneratedtodrivetheramsA.more/more B.more/lessC.less/moreD.less/less在变量输送泵中，从中央点移动轴将导致更多的液体被抽，因此产生更大的压力来驱动。2364、Certainrequirementsmustcurrentlybemetbyaship’ssteeringsystem.Theremustbe______independentmeansofsteering,althoughwheretwoidenticalpowerunitsareprovided,anauxiliaryunitisnotrequired.A.oneB.twoC.threeD.four2365、Thepowerandtorquecapabilityofthesteeringsystemmustbesuchthattheruddercanbeswungfrom______onesideto______theothersidewiththeshipatmaximumspeedA.35°/35°B.35°/30°C.15°/15°D.28°/60°2366、Caremustbetakentoconditionthe______intheboilertopreventscaling,andcorrosion,whichcanweakenthepressurevessel.压力容器A.waterB.fuelC.steamD.air2367、Thesteamboilerispartofaclosedloopsteam,whereby,aftertheenergyofthesteamisusedupanditbecomeswateragain,_____iscollectedandreturnedbacktotheboilerforheatingupagaintosteam.A.theformerB.thefirstC.thelatterD.thelast2368、Humansarestillneededtomonitortheconditionoftheboilerallthetimethelatterisoperated,______itisjusttoacknowledgeanalarmbuzzer报警蜂鸣器orflashinglightinacontrolroom.A.evenifB.sothatC.suchthatD.inor