辽宁省铁岭市新高三上学期开学考试英语试题-1

辽宁省铁岭市2022届新高三上学期开学考试英语试题第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Ourtinyboatwasploughingthrough(费力穿过)thewavesacrosstheIndianOceanandIwasabsolutelyfreezing.Thefurtherwegotfromtheshelteroftheland,themoreIthoughthowfoolishI'dbeentoealongonthistrip.

Thepilotoftheboatlookedalmost60but,perhapsbecauseofalifetimeontheopenseainthehotsun,wasveryfitandstrong.Iwaswonderinghowhemanagedtofindhisway.Tome,itseemeddifficultenoughtonavigateaboatwithoutanyelectronicequipmentevenonasunnyday.

Soatleastweweresafe.Butthiswasnotwhatwehadealongfor.Alookattheotherdivers'facessuggestedthatnowtheywerealsodoubtfulthatwe'devergetthechancetoseeawhaleshark—theseweatherconditionsweretotallyunsuitablefordiving!Noneofusspoke.Itseemedtoomuchofaneffort.Thensuddenlytheboatmanstoppedtheengine.Hesaidafewwordsinhisownlanguagetothedivinginstructor,whoimmediatelyjumpedupfromhisseatandtoldustogetreadytodive.

WhenIjumpedintothegreysea,IwassureIwouldn'tseeanything.Butthen...thereitwas!Anenormouswhaleshark,slowlyswimmingthroughthewater.Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes—myfirstwhaleshark!Ihardlydaredbreathe—Iwasafraidmystreamsofbubbles(气泡)

mightscarethehugecreatureaway.Andtheotherdiverswereequallyawed.Slowlyweapproachedthishugeanimal.Itwasswimmingquiteslowlyandwewereabletoswimwithit,lookingatthebeautifulmarkingsonitsback.Iwasstillholdingmybreath,tellingmyselfthatthishugefishwasharmless!ThenIreachedoutandtouchedit,stroking

(轻抚)itsthickskin.Itwasamazinghowthisgiantsuddenlygainedspeed—wewatcheditasitswamawayfromus,andafewmomentslateritwasgone.21.WhileridingatinyboatacrosstheIndianOcean,theauthor_____.A.volunteeredtoactasapilot

B.feltregretabouthisdecisionC.enjoyedthebeautifulsunshine

D.talkedwithotherpeoplehappily22.Theauthorprobablywantedtoknowhowtheboatman_____.A.keptfitinhissparetime

B.spenthislifeontheboatC.navigatedhisboatatsea

D.municatedwithothers23.Whatwasthepurposeoftheauthor'strip?A.Toseeawhaleshark.

B.Tolearnhowtodive.C.ToswimtheIndianOcean.

D.Tosaveunderwatercreatures.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterhejumpedintothesea?A.Ratheranxiousandangry.

B.Alittlescaredbutexcited.C.Doubtfulanddisappointed.

D.Abittiredbutlaterrelaxed.

BHistorytellsusthatfootwearwasoneofthefirstthingsancientpeoplelearnedtomake.Footwearhelpedthemacrossrockypathsorhotsandswithoutinjuringthemselves.Theearliestfootwearweknowofwassimplyapieceofplaited(编织的)grassorleathertiedtothefeet.TheancientEgyptiansseemtohaveinventedthefirstfootwearwithafirmsole(鞋底)

—sandals.Egyptianroyaltyusuallyworesandalsthathadadifferentstylefromthosewithlesserstatus(身份),whileslaveswerenotallowedtowearanythingontheirfeet.Thesandalisstillthebasicformoffootwearinmanycountries,particularlythosewithahotclimate,whereasincoldclimates,anentirelydifferenttypeofshoeappeared—themoccasin—aslippershapedshoemadeofsoftbutstrongleather.TheGreekswerethefirsttodevelopshoeswithheels(鞋跟).Then,intheMiddleAges,shoeswithlongpointsatthetoebecamevery

chic

forthenobility.Theseshoeswereoftenverydifficulttowear.Othertrendsfollowed,withsquaretoedshoes,wideshoes,andevenshoesthatcouldmakeawomanstandtwofeettaller.Notsurprisingly,thesesometimesledtoaccidents.Eventoday,fashionratherthanfortoftenleadstothekindof

shoes

womenwear.Mechanicalshoemakingappearedinthe1800sinNorthAmerica.Untilthen,shoeshadbeenmadewiththesamekindsofhandtoolsusedbytheancientEgyptians.Andin1858,amachinewasinventedthatcouldstitch(缝合)thesoleofashoetotheupperpart.Nowitwaspossibletomakeshoesthatwereshapedtofiteithertheleftorrightfoot.Towardtheendofthe1800scameanewtypeofshoethatwasspecificallydesignedforsports—thesneaker—anditsoonbeeanalltimefavorite.25.Whatdidshoesoftenshowinancienttimes?A.Therichresources.

B.People'sdifferentbeliefs.C.People'sstatusinsociety.

D.Thechangeableclimates.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chic”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Valuable.

B.Convenient.C.Fashionable.D.fortable.27.Beforemechanicalshoemakingappeared,_____.A.shoeswereoftenverydifficultforpeopletowearB.alltheshoepatternsmadebytheGreekswerethesameC.theonlyfunctionoffootwearwastoprotectpeople'sfeetD.peopleworethesameshapedshoesontheirtwofeet28.Howdoesthetextmainlydevelop?A.Byprovidingexamples.

B.Bymakingparisons.C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime.

D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.CThecoffeegiantStarbucksisonceagainapopularsearchontheinternet,andtherearepeoplewhothinkthatcoffeeisnowreplacingteaasthemostpopulardrinkinChina.But,isthatreallyso?StarbucksopeneditsbiggestcaféshopintheworldinShanghaithisWednesday.Thecoffeegiantsaysthiswillnotonlygivecustomerstheusualgreatcoffee,butalsogivethemthefullexperienceofhowthemagicalcoffeebeansgetroastedtobeethosewonderfuldropsthatmakeupyourfavoritedrinks.ItisliketheWillyWonkafactoryforcoffeelovers.Thepanyisexpandingaggressively,andopeninganewstoreevery15hoursonaverageinChina.Chinahasveryrichandsplendidteaculture.Whatseemslikethemostenjoyablethingistodrink

acupofteaonaquietdaythatisfullof"Zen"(禅)spirit.Butthefastpaceoflifesometimesdoesn'tallowthat.Sothereareteashopownerslocatingtheirshopsinthedowntownareainordertoprovidequickserviceforcustomers.TakeHeyteaforexample.It'soneofthemosthighlyratedteashopsandithasnowopenedseveralnewbranchesinthebusinessareasofbigcitieslikeBeijing.Waitinginlinesforlongerthanonehourismon.China'sconsumptionofteaisimmeasurable.AccordingtoaresearchofUSCInstitute,inChina,theaveragepersonconsumes400cupsofteaperyear.Soitisunlikelythatcoffeecanreplaceteaasthecountry'smaindrinkanytimesoon.Theexpandingcoffeeshopsarenottheretoreplacetea,buttoprovidepeoplewithanotherchoicethattheycanusetoenjoylife.29.WhichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaboutStarbucks?A.TheshopopenedinShanghaisimplyworksasadrinkingplace.B.Starbuckscanonlybeseeninthedowntownareaofacity.C.StarbucksholdsacertainshareofChinesedrinkingmarket.D.Starbuckssuppliestheworldwiththebesttastingcoffee.30.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthethirdparagraph?A.TeacultureisrootedintheheartsofChinesecitizens.B.Theenjoymentofteadrinkingcanonlybeexperiencedinaquietplace.C.Teaconsumptionholdsthelargestshareofworlddrinkingmarket.D.ThefastpaceofmodernlifemakesteadrinkingnolongerpleasantinChina.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetocoffeeandteainChina?A.TeamaybringmorepleasuretoChinesecitizens’life.B.CoffeewillreplaceteainChinesedrinkingmarket.C.Bothcoffeeandteawillmakepeople’slifeenjoyable.D.CoffeeandteagainthesamepopularityinChina.DChildrenthinkotheryoungsterswhowearglasseslooksmarterandaremorehonestthanthosewhodon'twearglasses,accordingtoaU.S.studyof80children.Inaddition,theresearchersfoundthatchildrenseldomjudgepeers(同龄人)wearingglassesintermsofappearance.Thestudyincluded42girlsand38boys,aged6to10.Ofthose,30woreglasses,34hadatleastoneclassmatewithglasses,andalmosttwothirdshadatleastoneparentwhoworeglasses.Thestudyparticipantswereshown24pairsofpicturesofchildren.Thechildrenineachpairofpicturesdifferedbygender(性别)andrace,andeachpairofpicturesincludedonechildwithglassesandonechildwithoutglasses.Thechildrenwereaskedaseriesofquestionsabouteachpairofphotos.Abouttwothirdssaidchildrenwearingglasseslookedsmarterthanthosewithoutglasses,and57percentsaidchildrenwearingglasseslookedmorehonest.Thesefindingsmayhelpfortchildrenasthey'refittedfortheirfirstpair

ofglasses,leadauthorJeffreyWalline,anassistantprofessorofoptometry(视力测试法)atOhioStateUniversity,suggestedinapreparedstatement."Iftheimpressionoflookingsmarterwillappealtoachild,Iwouldusethatinformationandtellthechilditisbasedonresearch.Mostkidsgettingglassesforthefirsttimearesensitiveabouthowthey'regoingtolook.Somekidssimplyrefusetowearglasses,becausetheythinkthey'lllookugly,"Wallinesaid.32.Whatimpressionmayayoungsterwearingapairofglassesleaveonhisclassmate?A.Ugly.

B.Easygoing.

C.Dynamic.

D.Intelligent.33.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectabouttheparticipantsofthestudy?A.Mostofthemworeglassesatanearlyage.B.Mostofthemhadonefamilymemberwearingglasses.C.Theyobservedchildrenofdifferentagesineachpicture.D.Theywererequiredtoanswerthesamequestions.34.Whymaytheresultofthestudyfortthechildrenfirstwearingglasses?A.Becausethestudyiscarriedoutinascientificway.B.Becauseitconvincesthemofthenecessityofwearingglasses.C.Becauseitmayhelpremovealltheirinitialworries.D.Becausethechildrendocareaboutbeingsmarter.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthisarticle?A.WearingGlasses,SmarterLooking.

B.WearingGlasses,MoreIntelligent.C.ConcernsonWearingGlasses.

D.WearingGlasses,aNewTrend.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?Psychologists(心理学家）havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness,butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy，

researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappiness.

36

.Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.Latelastyear,Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones,andisn’tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still,chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers一somethingtheytypicallyavoided.

37

.Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat，madeeyecontactwith,andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(服务员）reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易）.

38

Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.[来源:]

39

.Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“lesscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown,andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露）.Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.

40

.

A.Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.B.TheyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappinessC.Butdon’tplaydownsmalltalkjustyet..D.Ofcourse,somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomething

bigger.E.A“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded,canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”.F.Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.G.Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.

[来源:ZXXK]第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Recently,theideathatlisteningtoclassicalmusiccanincreaseintelligence,especiallyin

41

,hascaughttheattentionofthemedia,researchers,andparentsaroundtheglobe.Intheearly1990s,researchersfromFranceandtheUSpublishedarticlesthatsaid

42

Mozartfor10minutestemporarily

43

performanceonIQtestsandchallengingtasks.44

,themediaquicklybeganreportingonthe“Mozarteffect”.In1997,DonCampbellpublishedabookaboutthis

45

phenomenon.Campbellsaidthatclassical

46

couldimprovehealthandmemory,preventmentalandphysicaldisorders,and

47

stressanddepression.Hesoon

48

with

TheMozartEffectforChildren,aswellasCDsandproductsforparentsofyoungchildren.Today,awideselectionofsimilarproductsis

49

,including

BabyMozart

and

BabyBach,twobestsellingDVDsinthepopular

BabyEinstein

series.Thereareevenmusicplayersspecially

50

forexpectant(预产期的)motherstowearontheirstomachs.

51,babiescanlistentoclassicalmusicbeforethey'reeven

52

.

53

,thereissomedoubtsurroundingthe“Mozarteffect”.Parents

54

whetheritisaprovenrealityorjustafad(潮流)designedtomakemoney.FrancesH.Rauscher,apsychologistandauthorofoneoftheoriginalstudies,is

55

.Muchoftheoriginal

56

pointedtotemporaryimprovementsonspecifictasks.She

57

thesefindingshavebeenincorrectlydescribedasageneralincreasein

58

.“Idon'tthinkitcanhurt,”Rauschersaid.Yetsheaddedthat

59

maystillwanttothinktwice

60

spendingafortunetryingtomakeagenius(天才)outoftheirbaby.41.A.scientists

B.musicians

C.adults

D.babies42.A.joiningin

B.dreamingof

C.talkingabout

D.listeningto43.A.improved

B.measured

C.provided

D.enjoyed44.A.Onthewhole

B.Asaresult

C.Onthecontrary

D.Inotherwords45.A.mon

B.natural

C.interesting

D.alarming46.A.literature

B.music

C.world

D.education47.A.cause

B.place

C.reduce

D.limit48.A.began

B.dealt

C.agreed

D.followed49.A.useless

B.priceless

C.available

D.changeable50.A.tested

B.designed

C.searched

D.collected51.A.Bytheway

B.Inthisway

C.Ontheway

D.Alltheway52.A.born

B.lost

C.trained

D.invited53.A.Besides

B.Therefore

C.Instead

D.However54.A.check

B.question

C.determine

D.evaluate55.A.real

B.right

C.normal

D.doubtful56.A.anxiety

B.material

C.research

D.argument57.A.cheers

B.expects

C.remembers

D.believes58.A.costs

B.health

C.disorders

D.intelligence59.A.teachers

B.experts

C.parents

D.players60.A.after

B.unless

C.before

D.as第Ⅱ卷[来源:]第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,00025,000polarbearsworldwide.Modemmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67(note)thathungrybearsmaybe