中考英语一轮复习之重点你语法被动语态解读课件

语法专项被动语态(主动语态，句子的主语manypeople是动作speak的执行者。相当于中文的“把”字句).Englishisspokenbymanypeople.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(被动语态，句子的主语English是动作speak的承受者。相当于中文的“被”字句).被动语态构成：助动词be有人称,数和时态的变化。由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。“be+done”动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则：1.一般情况加-ed.

look--looked--lookedplay--played--played4.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i,再加-ed.study--studied--studiedcarry--carried--carried3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音,应双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed.stop--stopped--stoppedplan--planned--planned2.以e结尾的动词，只加-d.

live--lived--livedhope--hoped--hoped5.不规则变化（见不规则动词表）1.Flowers___alongtheroad.A:plantB:isplantedC:areplantingD:areplanted2.Chinese___bymoreandmorepeoplefromallovertheworldtoday.A.learnB.learnedC.islearnedD.arelearned3.Drivingafterdrinkingwine___inChina.A.allowsB.doesn’tallowC.isallowedD.isn’tallowed4.Don’tbeafraid.Thedog___tothetree.A.istiedB.musttieC.wastyingD.tied5.Thesickboy___tohospitalbythepoliceyesterday.A.istakingB.wastakenC.takesD.tookPractice:DCDAB1）不知道动作的执行者是谁2）没有必要指出动作的执行者3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者主动语态如何变被动语态:Englishisspokenbyus(被动语态)宾变主,主变介宾谓变bedone时不变（be体现时态，人称和数的变化）WespeakEnglish(主动语态)主语谓语宾语主语谓语宾语by:被...由...byTheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenhelphimwithhomework.WemakethesemachinesinBeijing.随学随练各时态的被动语态结构1、一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+动词的过去分词即：am/is/are+donee.g.Theshirtsaremadeofsilk.Ourclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.2、一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+动词的过去分词即：was/were+donee.g.Thetreeswereplantedbythesestudents.Thechickenwaskilledbythatman.3、情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+be+动词的过去分词即：情态动词+be+donee.g.Theworkwillbefinishedintendays.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Practice:1.English_____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspoken2.Thissong_____bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.isoftensangC.isoftensung3.Japanese_____ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.arenotspoken4.Whomwasthebook_____?A.writeB.writtenC.writtenby5.Theimportantmeeting____onacoldmorninglastyear.A.wasbeinghadB.washeldC.heldCCACB6.Thecoat____hersister.A.madetoB.wasmadeforC.weremadeto7.Ourroommust_____clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekept8.Theriversmellsterrible.Peopleshould____dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedthrowingC.stopthrowing9.Thebookmay____fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.keepC.kept10.---Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?---Alotofnewroads___,Ithink.AmustbebuiltBhavetobuildCmustbuildDhavebuiltBBBAA拓展:5.过去进行时态的被动时态：4.现在进行时态的被动语态：was/were+being+doneam/is/are+being+done6.一般将来时态的被动语态：7.现在完成时态的被动语态：8.不定式的被动语态：have/has+been+doneto+be+doneshall/will+be+done1.带双宾语句子的被动语态.指物的宾语叫直接宾语，指人的宾语叫间接宾语givemeabook=giveabooktome

间宾

直宾

直宾间宾(1)Hegaveme

abook.

主动语态变为被动语态--------(2)Iboughthim

abook.

主动语态变为被动语态--------

Iwasgivenabookbyhim.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.Hewasboughtabookbyme.Abookwasboughtforhimbyme.to:for:make,buy,get,choose,cook...pass,give,show,bring,sell,send,tell,teach,return,lend...2.含有短语的主动语态变被动语态动词短语是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成的动词短语的介词和副词。Theytakegoodcareofmychild.-----Iturnedofftheradio.-----Mychildistakengoodcareof

.Theradiowasturnedoff(byme).3.感官动词和使役动词的被动语态e.g.1.IsawhimplaybasketballlastSunday.---2.Thebossmakeshimworkfor10hours.---即：三眼：seewatchlookat(notice)两耳：hearlistento一感觉：feel三使役：makehavelet这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.HewasseentoplaybasketballlastSunday.Heismadetoworkfor10hours.不用被动语态的情况2）连系动词look,sound,taste,smell等不用被动语态。1）像happen,takeplace,等不及物动词没有被动语态。e.g.

Atrafficaccidenthappenedjustnow.e.g.Mooncakestastedelicious.Theideasoundsgreat.难点：主动形式表被动意义3)needdoing=needtobedone.tobedone表不定式的被动结构。

Mybikeneedsrepairing.=Mybikeneedstoberepaired.1）当表示主语质地,自身特征的动词open,lock,write,read,sell,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive与副词well或easily连用时，可用主动语态表被动意义，用作不及物动词。

Thiskindofpenwritessmoothly.Thiskindofshirtsellswellhere.2)在beworthdoing中，doing表被动意义

Thebookisworthreading.Practice1.Lastyear,LiHua,acollegestudent,____toworkfortheOlympicGames.AischoosingBisCwaschoosingDwaschosen2.----Who’sthelittlebabyinthephoto,Susan?----It’sme,thisphoto______tenyearsago.AtakesBistakenCtookDwastaken3.It’sreportedthattheUndergroundLinesNo.3_____inourcityin2022.AwillbuildBhasbuildCwillbebuiltDhasbeenbuilt4.----Lookatthesignontheright.----Ok,parking____here.Adoesn’tallowBisn’tallowedCdidn’tallowDwasn’tallowed5.---Whatshouldwedofirstifwewanttodevelopourvillage?---Alotofnewroads___,Ithink.AmustbebuiltBhavetobuildCmustbuildDhavebuiltDDCBA6.---Doyoubelievetherearealiens?---I’mafraidnot.Idon’tthinkaliens__inspace.AcanfindBcanbefoundCcanbefoundedDcan’tbefound7.----Alice,You___onthephone.----I’mcoming.Thanks.AwantBarewantedCarewantingDhavewanted8.Thethief_____bythepolicemanalready.AiscaughtBcaughtChascaughtDhasbeencaught9.Mary___thesongataparty.AheardsingBwasheardsungCwasheardtosingDwasheardsing10.---Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?---Well,it’ssurprising.Thestrongestteamofourschool___.AwasbeatenBwonCscoredDwasfailedBBDCA11.Thiskindofclothes___well.Andit___.Asells,hasbeensoldoutBissold,hasbeensoldoutCwassold,soldoutDsells,soldout12.---DoyouoftenseeWilliam___ontheplayground?---No,heisoftenseen___Chinesekungfuinthepark.Arun,playBrun,toplayCrunning,playDrunning,toplay.13.---WillyoucometojoinusthisSunday?---Iwon’tcomeunlessBob___.AisinvitedBwillbeinvitedCcaninvitedDinvites14.Today,theforestshavealmostgone.Peoplemust___downtoomanytrees.AstoptocutBstopfromcuttingCbekeptcuttingDbestoppedfromcutting15.---Haveallthestudentsknownthatourclasswillvisitthefactorynextweek?---Yes,everystudent____aboutit.AhavetoldBhavebeentoldChastoldDhasbeentoldBADDARickis15yearsold．Hewantstotakehisfamily—his1andhissisterJessica—outtolunch，sohewantstomakemoneyby2hisparentsdosomethings.Rick3at6：30，andthenhecleansthehouse．4about7：00,heeatsbreakfastandthengoestoschool．Hehasfour5inthemorningandthreeintheafternoon．At5：30.Rickgoeshome6hehelpshismombuyfood，or7thecarforhisfather.Hissistersometimeshelpshim.Rickhas85dollarsnow.Heonly815dollarsmoreforthelunch.Heisvery9.Soonhecantakehisfamilyouttolunchand10willpaythebill(付账)．(1)A.parents

B.teachersC.friendsD.classmates(2)A.letting

B.makingC.watchingD.helping(3)A.goeshome

B.getsupC.doeshomeworkD.hasbreakfast(4)A.At

B.On

C.InD.After(5)A.burgers

B.eggsC.classesD.schools(6)A.or

B.andC.butD.so(7)A.buys

B.getsC.knowsD.cleans(8)A.takes

B.givesC.needsD.shows(9)A.happy

B.tidyC.healthyD.fat(10)A.she

B.heC.theyD.youADBACBDCABIamnewtoNewYork.Idonotknowanyoneinthecity.Anoldwomanlivesnextdoor.Shegivesmeabigboxoffruitandvegetables.ThekindneighborisVal.ThefruitandvegetablesarefromVal'sgarden.Therearecarrots,tomatoes,strawberriesandsooninthegarden.Valdoesn'thavesonsordaughters.Butsheishappy.Shelikesworkinginhergarden.Shelovesthoseplants.Sometimes,shetalkstothem.Oneday,Idon'tseeValinthegarden.Somedayslater,Iseepeopletakemanyboxesfromherhome.Grassgrowsinthegarden.Theplantslooksad.ThenIknowValpass