新教材2024版高中英语Unit6TheMediaPartEGrammar-itusedto和would的用法学生用书北师大版选择性必修第二册

PartEGrammar—it,usedto和would的用法(一)it的用法1．it用作人称代词(1)指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事。❶Myfriendofferedmeanamusingcomicyesterday,andIlikeitverymuch.我挚友昨天给了我一本好玩的漫画书，我特别宠爱它。(2)指代性别不明的child或baby。❷Thecomedianhasgivenbirthtoababyrecentlyanditisverybeautiful.这位喜剧演员最近生了个孩子，很美丽。(3)指代未出场的身份不明确的人。❸—Whoiswaitingforyouatthebusstop?谁正在公共汽车站等着你？—Ihavenoidea.Itmaybemybrother.我不知道，可能是我的哥哥。(4)替代前文中的this，that。❹Thisisyouranalysis?Willyouhanditin?这是你的分析吗？你要交上去吗？(5)表示时间、天气、气候、季节、距离等自然现象，或指事物的状态。❺It'steno'clock.十点钟了。❻Itisafinedaytoday，isn'tit?今日是个好天气，对吧？❼Itisfivekilometrestothetownfromthisvillage.从这个村庄到城镇有五千米。(6)用于某些句型。❽It'stime(forsb.)todosth.(某人)到时间该做某事了。❾Itis(high/about)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.到某人该做某事的时候了。It/This/Thatis/wasthefirst/second...timethat...这/那是(某人)第一/二……次……Itis/hasbeen＋时间段＋since...自……以来已经有多长时间了。eq\o(○,\s\up1(10))Itisfiveyearssincehewasputintoprisonforabusinghispower.他因滥用职权入狱已有五年了。[即学即练1]匹配下面it的用法/单句写作A．指代前面的名词或前面提到过的事B．指代性别不明的child或babyC．指代未出场的身份不明确的人D．时间E．距离①—Who'sthatatthedoorway?—Itisthemilkman.________________②Theantiqueisquiteworthy，isn'tit？________________③Thebabyiscrying.Itmightbehungry.________________④WhatalongwayitisfromBeijingtoLondon！________________⑤Itwasnearlymidnightwhenthecircusfinishedtheperformance.________________⑥他们结婚已经有5年了。________________________________________________________________________⑦到你该拿方法的时候了。________________________________________________________________________⑧这是他第一次被发觉这么懊丧。________________________________________________________________________⑨这中年人到时间该升职了。________________________________________________________________________⑩书架上只剩下一本哲学书了。你能去帮我拿来吗？________________________________________________________________________2．it用作形式主语it用作形式主语，常代替不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或主语从句。(1)代替不定式(短语)❶Itwasrareforthenaughtyboytobehavesowellatschool.这个顽皮的男孩在学校表现得这么好是很少见的。❷It'sverykindofyoutohelpmeenthusiastically.你热心地帮助我真好。(2)代替动名词(短语)常用于以下结构：It'snouse/nogood/nofun/useless/awasteoftimedoingsth.做某事没有用/没有好处/没有意思/没有用/奢侈时间。❸Itisnousegivingthecandidatesomeadvice.给这位候选人提建议没有用。(3)代替主语从句❹Itisnecessarythatyoushouldconsultyourteacheraboutit.关于这件事你有必要向你的老师请教。❺It'sapitythattheplanistoocomplicated.真是缺憾，这个支配太困难了。(4)留意以下固定句型It(so)happenedthat...碰巧……Itturnsoutthat...结果是……Itoccurredtosb.that...某人突然想起……Itissaidreported/believed/hoped/well-known/suggested...that...据说/据报道/人们信任/人人都希望/众所周知/有人建议……❻Itsohappenedthattheticketsweresoldout.碰巧票都卖光了。❼ItturnsoutthattheratingoftheTVseriesisquitehigh.结果表明这部电视剧的收视率相当高。[即学即练2]完成句子①虽然中国的传统服装看起来更美丽和时尚，但穿着它走来走去有点儿惊异。AlthoughthetraditionalChinesedressmaylookmorebeautifulandstylish,________________________aroundinit.②我急需提高我的英语口语，因此对我来说找到一个以英语为母语的人学习真是太好了。IbadlyneedtoimprovemyoralEnglish,so____________________anativespeakerofEnglishtolearnfrom.③智能手机的确在我们的日常生活中扮演着重要的角色。________________________asmartphoneplaysanimportantroleinourdailylife.④作出假设很简洁，但关键是如何把假设变成现实。______________________assumptionsbutthekeyishowtoturnthemintoreality.⑤据说这本书的情节是仿照了他的小说。______________________theplotinthisbookismodelledafterhisnovel.⑥________________________(帮他没用)anditisapparentthathewillmakeusdisappointed.3．it用作形式宾语it常可代替不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在句子中作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句子后面，it作形式宾语常用于以下几种状况：(1)动词＋it＋形容词/名词＋(for/ofsb.＋)todo/从句❶Theyconsidereditsignificanttohavetheworkdoneontime.他们认为按时完成这项工作很重要。(2)动词＋it＋nogood/nouse/useless/awasteoftime/worthone'swhile...＋doing...❷Hethoughtitnousetryingtoconvincethem.他认为试图劝服他们没有用。(3)动词＋it＋介词短语＋that...oweitto...that...把……归功于……takeitforgrantedthat...想当然/认为……是天经地义的❸Heowesittohisdoctor'scarethattheproducerisquitewellagain.多亏他的医生的照料，这位制片人的身体又好起来了。(4)动词appreciate/hate/love/like/dislike后面接if或when引导的从句作宾语时，中间需用形式宾语it，构成“appreciate/hate/love/like/dislike＋it＋if/when从句”结构。❹Wewouldappreciateitiftheycouldcontributemoretothepoorinthecommunity.假如他们能够为社区的穷人捐献更多，我们将特别感谢。[即学即练3]单句语法填空/完成句子①Iowe________tomyprofessorthatIcanmakesogreatprogress.②Shehates________whenhecriticisedotherswithoutproof.③Ithinkitnouse________(evaluate)oureffortinthisway.④Wealltakeitforgranted________hismeasurementisright.⑤________________________(我将感谢不尽)ifyoucouldtakemyapplicationintoconsideration.⑥He__________________________(发觉很难忘掉)thepainfulexperiencewhilehewasstayinginAfrica.4．强调句的用法强调句就是把句中要强调的部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)放在itis/was和that/who之间，原句中剩余部分放在that/who之后。(1)强调句的陈述句句式：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。❶The2024OlympicWinterGameswilltakeplaceinBeijingandZhangjiakou.→ItisinBeijingandZhangjiakouthatthe2024OlympicWinterGameswilltakeplace.2024年冬季奥运会将在北京和张家口举办。【误区警示】①强调句中的连接词只用that(指人或物)或who(只指人)，且都不行省略；②强调句可以强调主语、宾语和状语，但不能强调谓语，强调谓语动词要用“do/does/did＋动词原形”结构。(2)强调句的一般疑问句句式：Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分？❷IsitinBeijingandZhangjiakouthatthe2024OlympicWinterGameswilltakeplace？2024年冬季奥运会是将在北京和张家口举办吗？(3)强调句的特别疑问句句式：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？❸What'sitthatProfessorLiuteachesusthisyear？刘教授今年要教我们什么？❹Whenandwherewasitthatyougottoknowthebrilliantcomedian?你在何时何地相识了这位才华横溢的喜剧演员？❺Whichactorisitthatthecritictargetsthistime？这个评论家这次批判的目标是哪个演员？(4)含有not...until...的强调句句式：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...❻Hedidn'tfindhehadlefthisbaginthetaxiuntilhegothome30minuteslater.→Itwasnotuntilhegothome30minuteslaterthathefoundhehadlefthisbaginthetaxi.直到他到家30分钟后，他才发觉把包落在了出租车上。【学法点拨】强调句的推断方法：假如把强调结构去掉，句子的意思是完整、清晰的，句子结构也是完整的，这个句子就是强调句。假如把强调结构去掉，意思不通顺，结构也不完整，则句子不是强调句。❼Itwasbecauseherefusedtoobeythepolicemanthathewassenttothepolicestation.他是因为拒绝听从警察(的嘱咐)而被送到警察局的。把强调结构去掉，则变为：❽Hewassenttothepolicestationbecauseherefusedtoobeythepoliceman.因为他拒绝听从警察(的嘱咐)，所以被送到了警察局。去掉强调部分后，句子意思通顺，结构完整，说明这是个强调句。[即学即练4]单句语法填空/句型转换①What'smore,itwasyourconstantencouragement________inspiredmetobeconfident.②Itwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse________wesawLilyinthepassengerseat.③________waswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentthatIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbours.④Itwaswhenwewerereturninghome________Irealisedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.⑤It'snotdoingthethingswelike,butlikingthethingswehavetodo________makeslifehappy.⑥ItwasnotuntilhewasexposedtoanEnglishenvironment________herealisedthesignificanceofittohisstudy.Theyencounteredeachotherinthatsupermarket.⑦__________________________________theyencounteredeachother.(强调原句中的地点状语)⑧__________________________________theyencounteredeachother？(把⑦变为一般疑问句)⑨__________________________________theyencounteredeachother？(提问⑦句中的地点状语)⑩Heinsistedthattheyshouldbehavewellinpublic.(强调句中的谓语动词insist)He__________________________thattheyshouldbehavewellinpublic.(二)usedto和would1．usedto的用法(1)“usedto＋动词原形”表示过去的习惯(现在不了)。❶Theoldprofessorwhohascontributedgreatlytothedevelopmentoftheuniversityusedtoliveinthecampus.那位为高校的发展做出了巨大贡献的老教授过去住在校内里。(现在不了)(2)usedto的疑问句有两种形式①把used放到句首。②借助助动词did并放到句首，把used变为use。❷Usedtheoldengineertogotoworkbybus?＝Didtheoldengineerusetogotoworkbybus?那位老工程师以前乘公共汽车去上班吗？【词语辨析】(1)usesth.todosth.用某物做某事❸Youcanusethemoneythesponsorgavetobuysomenewequipment.你可以用赞助商给的钱买一些新设备。(2)beusedtodosth.被用来做某事❹Woodisusedtomakehousesinthisarea.在这个地区，木头被(人们)用来盖房子。(3)be/get/becomeusedto(doing)sth.习惯于(做)某事❺Theoldmanusedtoliveinthepeacefulmountainvillage.Nowheisusedtolivinginthenoisycity.达位老者过去住在安静的山村里，现在他习惯住在热闹的城市里。[即学即练1]单句语法填空/单句写作①Heused________(abandon)hisworkforseveralmonthsatatime.②Hehaslivedhereforfiveyears.Heisusedto________(live)herenow.③我过去常常和我哥哥踢足球。________________________________________________________________________④他已经习惯了每周五下午参与课外活动。________________________________________________________________________⑤那座位于我们学校东南角的房子可以用来储存书籍。________________________________________________________________________2．would的用法(1)表示过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向，意为“过去常常”。❶Whenhewasincollege,hewouldgotothelibraryatweekends.他在上高校时，总是在周末去图书馆。(2)would是will的过去式，表示过去的意志或意愿，可用于多种人称。❷Hetriedtopersuadehertoparticipateinthecampaign，butshewouldn't.他试图劝服她参与这次活动，但她不想。(3)表示说话人现在的意愿。wouldlike/lovetodosth.想做某事，情愿做某事❸Iwouldliketosponsorthecampaignaimedatarousingthepublic'sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.我情愿赞助这个旨在唤起公众环保意识的活动。(4)表示向对方提出恳求，语气比will委婉，也可表示委婉地提出看法、建议等。❹Wouldyoupleasepassmethebook?请把书递给我好吗？(5)用在虚拟语气中，表示与事实相反。woulddosth.将会……(事实上事情不会发生)wouldhavedonesth.原来会……(事实上事情没有发生)wouldn'thavedonesth.原来不会……(事实上事情发生了)❺IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveyourdaughtermorefreedomtoparticipateinmoreactivities.假如我是你，我会给你女儿更多的自由去参与更多的活动。❻Ifyouhadcomeyesterday,youwouldhaveseenthegreatwriter.假如你昨天来的话，你就会见到那位宏大的作家了。[即学即练2]完成句子①在那些日子里她的女儿们间或去探望她。Herdaughters________________________fromtimetotimeinthosedays.②我承诺会完成这项艰苦的工作。IpromisedthatI________________________thetoughtask.③我想看一下他的杰作。I________________________havealookathismasterpiece.④你情愿让我具体说明一下这件事吗？Wouldyoulikeme________________________indepth?⑤去年假如没有那家大公司的赞助，我们公司就不会有这么多的利润。Ifthecorporationhadn'tsponsoreduslastyear,ourcompany________________________．3．usedto与would的用法比较(1)相同点：两者都表示过去习惯性或常常性的动作或行为，常可换用。❶Whenwewereyoung,wewould/usedtogoskatingeverywinter.我们年轻时，每年冬天都去滑冰。(2)不同点①usedto表示过去的习惯性动作或状态，如今已不存在，与现在的状况形成对比；would表示过去某种特定状况下的活动，与现在没有联系。❷MrLiusedtowritemanythingsontheblackboard.Butnow,heisusedtomakinguseofmultimediateachingsystem.李老师过去常常在黑板上写许多东西。但现在，他已经习惯了利用多媒体教学系统。❸Hewouldgotosomecommercialactivitiesassoonashewasfree.在过去他一有空就去参与一些商业活动。②usedto表示过去持续的状态或反复的行为；would只表示过去反复的行为，不表示状态。❹IusedtohaveacatcalledHuahua.我过去有一只叫“花花”的猫。❺Theyoungmanwouldgohuntingatweekends.在过去这个年轻人周末总去打猎。[即学即练3]完成句子①我过去常常买高尔夫球那么大的糖果。I________________sweetsthesizeofgolfballs.②当他陷入逆境时他总是来找我。(现在未知)He______________tomewhenheranintotrouble.③他们过去常常通过志愿者工作来扩大服务(范围)。(现在不再这样)They________________expandtheirservicesbyvolunteerwork.④上寄宿学校的时候，他是个令人头痛的学生。Whenhewasatboardingschool,he________________atroublesomestudent.语法专题一Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．________isdifficulttofindworkinthepresenteconomicclimate.2．Whereismytimetable?IrememberIleft________onmydesklastnight.3．Someonehasmadetheadaptations.Doyouknowwhois________？4．Ifound________difficulttouseanappropriatewordtodescribehowIfeltatthatmoment.5．________ismyteachingstylethatispreciselysimilartothatofmostotherteachers.6．________isgreatfuntoplaychesswithhimbecauseheisinhighratings.7．Idon'tthink________agoodideatofinddifferentversionsofabooktoreadtogether.8．Howlongis________sincethenovelwasfirstpublished?Ⅱ.完成句子1．新节目多久播出？________________________thenewprogrammebebroadcast?2．随着技术进步，现在已有可能找出大脑的不同功能。________________________tomapthedifferentfunctionsofthebrainwiththetechnicalimprovements.3．她的医生始终告知她不要吃各种各样的垃圾食品，但这并不管用。Herdoctorkeepstellinghernottoeatdiversejunkfood,________________________．4．楼下的男人发觉很难和他的邻居协商。Themandownstairs________________________toconsultwithhisneighbours.5．每周都宠爱在网上买东西的不是他。________________________likespurchasingthingsonlineeveryweek.Ⅲ.单句写作1．有必要立马派他过来。________________________________________________________________________2．有些老师发觉很难保持课堂秩序。________________________________________________________________________3．人们的咳嗽声使得演讲者不能被听到。________________________________________________________________________4．我不会游泳让他大吃一惊。________________________________________________________________________5．外面很冷，你最好把小猫都聚在一起。________________________________________________________________________6．现在外面很热，所以你最好待到晚上。________________________________________________________________________7．我家离学校很近，所以我总是步行去上学。________________________________________________________________________8．知道自己的局限性很重要。________________________________________________________________________语法专题二Ⅰ.用usedto,didn'tuseto或would完成下列句子1．I________forgetmyhometown,untiltheteacheruploadedsomepicturestohismicroblog.2．Hewasarespectedoldmanandhischildren________comeandvisithimeveryday.3．Tobehonest,IfeellessdisappointedthanI________be.4．Atsomepointkidsstartdoingthingsthey________do.Theygetpreciselyindependent.5．Itshouldnotbeforgottenthatthey________getmuchmoreprofitfromthecompany.6．I________liveinManchester,butImovedtoasurroundingtownofLondonlastyear.7．Whenhewasatschool,he________learnpoliticalcourseseverySaturday.8．She________hateherjobuntilshegotapromotionforhertechnicalskill.9．Whenheworkedattheagency,he________sleepuntilnoonatweekends.10．Mysisterlivedincommercialdistrictformanyyears,butshe________comehomeforChristmas.Ⅱ.单句写作1．我过去信任每个人都像我一样恳切。________________________________________________________________________2．格林一家过去住在我们家隔壁。________________________________________________________________________3．我父母外出的时候，总是祖母照看我。________________________________________________________________________4．他总是第一个主动提出帮忙。________________________________________________________________________5．夏天的晚上他们常常在花园里吃晚饭。________________________________________________________________________6．他以前常常踢足球，可那是很久以前的事了。________________________________________________________________________7．我曾经有一辆很旧的小汽车。________________________________________________________________________8．过去人们信任太阳围着地球转。________________________________________________________________________9．过去我常常读许多小说，但是现在我没有时间读。________________________________________________________________________10．这个老人过去收集邮票，现在他把邮票都卖给我了。________________________________________________________________________Ⅲ.短文语法填空InablogaboutEnglishstudy,manystudentsexpress1.________(they)biggestproblemswithlearningEnglish.LiuWenused2.________(get)highmarksinEnglish,butheis,now,havingmuchtrouble3.________hislistening.JiaXinsaysthat4.________(listen)toEnglishradioprogrammeshelpshimgetusedtohowfastnativespeakerstalk,buthowtomakerequestsinEnglishpolitely5.________(be)JiaXin'sbiggestproblem.Asforthis,LiRuithinksitdependson6.________we'retalkingto.Ifwearetalkingtoaclosefriend,wecanuseshortrequests,butifwe'retalkingtosomeonewhoisn'tverycloseorissenior7.________us,wemustmakeourrequests8.________(long).ForLiRui,vocabularyisherbiggestproblemandshecan'trememberhowtousewords9.________(proper).Canyougivehersome10.________(advise)?

PartEGrammar—it,usedto和would的用法(一)即学即练1①C②A③B④E⑤D⑥It'sfiveyearssincetheygotmarried.⑦Itishightimethatyoumadeupyourmind.⑧Itisthefirsttimethathehasbeenfoundsofrustrated.⑨Itistimeforthemiddle-agedmantogetpromoted.⑩Thereisonlyonephilosophybookontheshelf.Canyoufetchitforme?即学即练2①itisalittlebitstrangetowalk②itisgreatformetofind③Itistruethat④Itiseasytomake⑤Itissaidthat⑥Itisnouse/uselesshelpinghim即学即练3①it②it③evaluating④that⑤I'dappreciateit⑥findsitdifficulttoforget即学即练4①that②that③It④that⑤that⑥that⑦Itwasinthatsupermarketthat⑧Wasitinthatsupermarketthat⑨Wherewasitthat⑩didinsist(二)即学即练1①toabandon②living③Iusedtoplaysoccerwit