小升初语法-名词和数词

常青藤·真教育小升初语法名词名词复数规则一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries以元音字母+y结尾，直接加s，如：boy-boys，day-days以―f或fe结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives以o结尾的单词：a,有生命的+esb,无生命+s如：potato--potatoes；hero--heroes；mango--mangoesphoto--photosradio--radiosvideo--videos不规则名词复数：man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemenmouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feettooth-teethfish-fishpeople-peopleChinese-ChineseJapanese-Japanesedeer-deersheep-sheeppolicewoman-policewomen二、名词所有格的构成法主要是在词尾加’s构成。如:ThisisTom’sdesk.这是汤姆的书桌。ThatisMike’sbook.那是迈克的书。如果原名词已经有复数词尾s,则仅加一个’.如:theteachers’readingroom教师阅览室thepupils’pencil-boxes学生们的文具盒如果原词是复数形式，但不是以s结尾，变为所有格形式需在后面加上’s。如：thechildren’spalace少年宫men’sroom男厕所*名词所有格口诀：名词所有格，s前面加一撇’，复数s放在尾，后加一撇就完结，两人共有算一个，后面只加一个撇。基础练习将下列名词变成复数形式。1.plane_________tree_________lesson_________month_________apple_________shirt_________2.box_________bus_________brush_________watch_________class_________fox_________3.knife_________life_________leaf_________wife_________thief_________4.day_________boy_________monkey_________baby_________country_________story_________记；结尾字母t,d,d；（first，second，third）八去t,九去e,（eighth，ninth）；ve要用f替；（fifth，twelfth）整十基数变序数，ty将y变成ith前面有个e；要是遇到几十几，前用基来后用序。冠词冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。a或an是不定冠词，the是定冠词。a用在辅音音素之前，如adesk,atreean用在元音因素之前，如anapple,anhour,anEnglishbook.不定冠词（a,an）指人或事物的某一种类，表示“一个”，但不强调数量。Sheisateacher.That’sanorange.定冠词the，是特指某（些）人、某（些）物，或指说话人与听话人彼此知道的人或物，或者是在上文提到过的人和事。Thisisabus.Thebusisbig.不用冠词的情况：专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如，Chinese,English,Jim等。名词前已经有this,that,my,your等词时，就不再用冠词了。如，thatmouse(那只老鼠)一些固定词组前不用定冠词。如，athome在家gotoschool去上学基础练习在空白处填上适当的冠词，不需要的填画/。at____home2)goto_____bedgoto_____school4)catch____badcoldhave_____goodtime6)______redapple_____Englishbook8)______spoon选择填空1.Thereis_____mintheword―primaryanB.aC.theD./Thisis____orangebike.aB.anC.theD/Italwaystakesushalf_____hourtohave____longwalkaftersupper.A.a,aB,a,theC.an,aD.an,theEnglishis____usefullanguagein____world.an,theB.a,theC.the,/D./,theWearegoingto_____cinemathisevening.theB./C/aD.anHe’sstandingon_____othersideof_____river.a,aB.the,theC.the,aD.a,the_____potatoisavegetable,not____fruit.The,anB.The,aC.A,theD.An,/Hewas_____firsttocome.TheB.aC.theD./Doyousee____bookon_____table?the,aB.a,anC.an,anD.a,theWhere’s_____desk?It’sin____middleoftheroom./,/B./,aC.a,/D.the,theHeis_____friendofmine.anB./C.theD.aThereis____universitynearthefarm.aB.anC.theD./Hediedin____autumnof1989./B.theC.aD.anIhave____book.It’s_____interestingone.Ilikereading____booksverymuch.a,an,/B.a,/,theC.an,an,theD./,an,/Todayis_____Children’sDay.aB.anC.theD/能力测试题选择正确答案Thereare_________daysinayear.threehundredssixty-fiveB.threehundredsandsixty-fiveC.threehundredandsixty-fiveD.threehundredandsixtyfive2.Thereare_________studentsinthisschool.eighthundredsandforty-sixB.eighthundredandfortysixC.eighthundredandforty-sixD.eighthundredforty-sixMybrotherisin_________.ThreeClass,OneGradeB.ClassThree,GradeOneC.GradeOne,ClassThreeD.classthree,gradeoneHewasdoingsomewashing_________.ateightyesterdaymorningB.yesterdaymorningeightC.yesterdaymorningateightD.byeightyesterdaymorning5.Thereare_________monthsinayear.Decemberisthe_________monthoftheyear.twelve;twelveB.twelve;twelfthC.twelfth;twelveD.twelve;twelvethSundayisthe_________dayoftheweek.seventhB.firstC.secondD.thirdAutumnis_________seasoninayear.thefourthB.thethirdC.athirdD.third8.Tomwas_________togettoschoolandIwas_________.A.first;ninthB.thefirst;theninthC.afirst;aninthD.